"talk to al jazeera". sunday, 6:30 eastern. only on al jazeera america. the united nations warns that syria's refugee crisis is driving more and more people to join those risking their lives on the med. you're watching al jazeera live from london. we'll also be looking at what libya's doing on this. >>reporter: the libyan coast guard is searching for migrants trying to reach europe. also world leaders join armenia in commemorating 100

years after genocide. plus a volcano in chili has an ash cloud reaching thousands of miles away. >> the strain on syria's neighbors is driving more and more people to try to cross the sea to europe. the european union is to double the emergency aid it gives to italy, greece and malta to deal with migrants to make it across the mediterranean but the eu is also diverting resources to stop the people smugglers. in tunisia a man appeared in court charged of being in charge a boat that crashed last sunday. at least 700 people on board the boat died.

>>reporter: is this the face of a trader in human misery? that's what the court must decide. he says he was only a passenger on the overcrowded boat that capsized with the loss of hundreds of lives. other survivors say he was the boat's captain. but even if guilty he will surely only be a small cog in the huge business of taking desperate people across the mediterranean. we traveled in sicily. there are migrants in the public squares, bus stations board, frustrated planning their next move. we were not allowed into this reception center but we spoke to julia who works for a charity inside. she never imagined she'd be an aid worker in her hometown. >> people dying in the sea is very -- i cannot stand it.

it's crazy. i mean, people should have the right to move to ask for asylum. it should not be possible to die just because of the need to escape from war or poverty. >>reporter: sarah is a microbiologist who dreams of getting a ph.d. in europe. they paid at least $2,000 each to the smuggers. >> i think it's a very big business to take from one person $3,000. >>reporter: so you're not angry? they're just doing business. >> no. they're doing business. they're not forcing you. it is their wish. >>reporter: and dhe not mistreat you on the boat? >> no. >>reporter: at the station, a group from sudan are trying to cobble together the money to take the train north. this is the escape route for

many because the majority we've spoken to say they have no intention of staying here. they think of sweden germany, and the united kingdom as countries they'd like to get to. in other words sicily and italy is just one stage in their long and dangerous journey. but all the time more are arriving on sicily's shores. back at the harbor the italian coast guard brought 80 africans into port. they celebrate their survival but know they face many struggles to come in europe a continent that does not want them. paul brennan sends us this from the court where the two men appeared. >>reporter: it's an important case this one. not just because of the disaster that it's related to the loss of almost 800 lives estimated last weekend. the biggest single loss of life in this whole crisis. but also because of the message it sends out.

the italian authorities are determined to prosecute traffickers whenever they're arrested but the challenges entailed in that are clear from this proceedings. it was supposed to be just preliminary proceedings. we expected it to take just a couple of hours. but the prosecution chose to call ten witnesses. after ten hours, we've really only completed one witness' evidence. it's that much detail. there's interpretation that has to be done both for the questions being posed to the witness and also for the witness's answers back to the judge. and then of course there's the matter of the captain and the ship's mate who will seek to persuade the judge that the charges are unfounded. it's a big task and it's going to take some considerable time. much longer than expected. but it's important because of the message it sends to the traffickers that the italian authorities want to send out and that is you will be prosecuted if you persist in this activity.

>> italy says all those are traveling from libya. >>reporter: we are about 25 to 30 nautical miles off the coast of libya facing the towns where a good number of these boats packed with migrants depart from. now, this is a tug boat that was meant for civilian use that was taken over by the libyan coast guard and you can see here they have just adapted it with an antiaircraft -- they say it's for their own security. they don't have much. this is one of two vessels that the coast guard has who have the responsibility over 600 kilometers of coast line. this is the only thing they have

at the moment. they say that their means are limited and unless they get support, there is little they can do on this side. they also raised the other issue, at the moment they say there is no -- navy. they said they would -- to try to stop these boats before they cross into international waters. now, i asked them what they thought about the eu initiative of maybe targeting the smuggers. they said that that would be extremely difficult because the network of smugglers is extremely extended. >> 14 people have been hit and killed by a train in macedonia. a group of migrants walking along a well-known route towards western europe were hit. macedonia state prosecutors say most of the survivors were from

somolia and afghanistan. more air strikes by the saudi-led coalition against houthi in yemen. they have gained parts over large parts of the port city of aden. yemen's foreign minister says the houthis must surrender before the peace process can begin. >> there will be no talks at the present time as long as the houthis and militias of saleh continue the crime against the yemeni people and until they put their weapons aside and surrender. more than 1,000 people have been killed since fighting began more than a month ago.

there is a semblance semblance of law and order here. but a bomb disposal unit has come to work. close by is a military base hit by an air strike earlier in the week. ammunition litters the streets. >> the area is now free of chemical substances. we have examined the whole area with detectors. we have collected the remains of explosives and now they're being moved to be disarmed somewhere else. >>reporter: it was the loudest blast people in the area heard since the campaign began. look around and there's a sense of hundreds of lost man hours. jobs on hold and the thousands of dollars needed for reconstruction. although none of this is as urgent as caring for the hundreds of people hurt in that one bombing. the city's largest hospital is a

20-minute drive away.

-- authorities have arrested a man on suspicion of killing two police officers earlier this month. they say the 23-year-old con fested to carrying out the shooting after meeting a man affiliated with isil in syria. we have more from saudi arabia. >>reporter: after the investigation with him, he admitted to the crime and said that he was recruited by isis earlier and the middleman between him and isis was a man he knows only by one name. he bes he's from north africa judging from his accent. he said he was given the weapon to use in the crime and he was

given ammunition. he said isis asked him to stay there because of his expertise in explosives. he said burgess drove the car while he himself shot at the two policemen. also after further investigation, the ministry in a statement says they were able to identify the man who is known by burgess and they put a bounty on his head to be given to anyone who can help find minimum. >> police in italy have arrested nine people who have alleged links with al quaeda. police say the suspects were involved in a plot to attack the vatican five years ago. all suspects are from pack stand

and afghanistan. they down played the significance of the alleged plot. canadian governments -- bail to a former guantanamo bay detainee detainee. he was transferred to a jail in his native canada two years later. he has since retracted his confession and is expected to be released on bail on may 5th. still ahead on this program, the fighting in syria. we follow opposition fighters as they launch attacks on new battle fields. and the project giving archeologist a first class view of 2,000 years of london's history. n's history.

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more people have been killed trying to cross the mediterranean sea this month than ever before. air strikes in yemen continue as the saudi-led coalition targets houthi fighters. saudi authorities have arrested a man on suspicion of killing two police officers earlier this month believed to be connected to isil. the united nations has invited the syrian government

and opposition groups to separate peace talks in geneva next month. meanwhile fighters inside syria have launched an attack against regime checkpoints. >>reporter: it's a great view from a plane in the northwest. this vast area to the north and south. once a peaceful country side it's now become a battle field. government forces have been using it as an attack position against opposition fighters. >> this area was one of the first to revolt against the regime and was badly bombed and targeted. now it's time to counterattack. >>reporter: opposition fighters launched the attacks by firing artillery. they captured three government checkpoints across the city. >> our main objective is to

destroy checkpoints. we will cut all supply lines. >>reporter: an offensive led by a coalition of opposition groups was launched with the aim of controlling this area. this latest captures the capture of the city on march 28th. prostitution just to live another day. those are words used by the u.n. commissioner for high refugees. he added countries taking refugees are now tiring of their guests and more often are making life tougher for them. he said 14 million people have been displaced because of the wars in iraq syria, and that

the situation in the middle east is a cancer that risks spreading. we can talk to that man now. joining antonio gutierrez. what you put down in your report is making those trying to escape war more desperate. >> indeed. if you'll think that you have now 4 million, almost 4 million refugees in neighboring countries and that the living conditions are desperate for many of them because they cannot work and the levels of assistance are not compatible with their needs because of lack of funding, you see more and more people desperate. some of them try terrible things where they live. young girls that are forced to marry very early. you have survival sex.

you have young boys and girls put to work in the fields. it's a situation of total exploitation. but some trying to move onwards. we see these huge movements in the mediterranean and it really breaks my heart to see a family a syrian family that already lost their house, destroyed, members that were killed and that have to again risk their lives in the hands of these smugglers and traffickers, these horrible gangsters just to cross the mediterranean to rebuild their lives and have a hopeful feature. >> you say here we've been asking europe for years to change its policies to do more to help these migrants try to cross the mediterranean. why do you think that's fallen on deaf ears?

>> i think that there are many reasons for that. unfortunately, in a continent like europe, there's an aging population in which migration is essential even to establish the demographic balance and keep the economy running. there is also a fear that they try to use for political advantage and they have created an environment of xenophobia in several countries that make life difficult for those that try to make people understand that it's

absolutely essential for europe to have a positive attitude in relation to these movements of people and they need a robust rescue operation to fight smugglers and offer legal ways to enter europe. >> is it shameful in your view that europe has adopted these attitudes and haven't done more? >> i think it's important to say there is a strong signal of hope. the european council news that came out that there will be a renewed commitment to enhance rescue capacity in the mediterranean and i hope this is the first step. i know there are some contradictions and views but i hope this will be a first step to a much more constructive and open attitude from europe and to be honest you if you look at lebanon today, in lebanon, one-third of the population today is refugee population from

syria and from palestine. we have 600,000 asylum seekers in european union a year. it's a big number but it's only one in 1,000 european citizens. so if one looks at lebanon, jordon, the dramatic impact of the refugees in their economies and societies, it's clear europe can do much more. >> okay. thank you antonio. thank you very much indeed. armenians are marking 100 years since the massacre of their relatives and an -- ancestors in what was ottoman territory during first world war. armenia says 1.5 million people were killed in what this and 20 other governments call the first

genocide of the 20th century. >> france fights against nialism, the wiping out of evidence revisionism, to ignore what happened in history is to repeat the massacres turkey has condemned vladimir putin for calling the massacre genocide. protests on the streets of istanbul was attended by hundreds claiming it was a lie. it wasn't genocide. turkey accepts armenians were killed by ottoman forces but denies there was any systemic

attack. army commanders in nigeria say they have killed a notorious boko haram leader and that they're advances on their last known strong hold in the forest. the regional coalition forces recently recaptured several towns from boko haram. south korea's biggest union has organized a massive rally. it marks the beginning of a strike expected to continue for another week. some workers are angry after the government cut pension benefits making it easier for companies to fire employees. unions say the government should increase the hourly wage and have better working conditions. the ash cloud from the volcano in chili has now reached

the capital of argentina. the situation should get worse they say. the density is actually going to increase in the next two days. the volcano is still suing ash after erupting wednesday and thursday. spew . >>reporter: you can see it's still huffing and puffing behind me. the real question is if it's going to blow anymore houses down like this restaurant behind me. it's not just ash. some is stones. everything here is covered in ash and rock. everybody in this town about 4,000 people have been obliged to evacuate. in fact authorities allowed some of the people to come back throughout the course of today to check on their animals and try to clear the roads to their

houses. it's really quite amazing the scene here. this ash is very very thin. you can't see it right now but it's in the air. most people are wearing masks like this to try to -- to avoid breathing disorders. that's one of the things that authorities are most concerned about. but the real problem is we don't know when this is going to end. this explosion, there have not been anymore major eruptions but the sizeeismologist s say another could happen at any time. . >> and now to london. >>reporter: skeletons of romans living in london nearly 2,000 years ago found by archeologists working on a tiny square of europe's largest construction project.

experts are not sure exactly how the skulls ended up here. possibly slain gladiators from a nearby arena or washed up in an ancient river. archeologists have dug through four layers of london history. they put up walls and then found houses. went further down and found a massive burial ground. >> we worked our way down from that period which is the 16th and 17th centuries in london through the medieval period through the post roman period where the area was covered with a huge area of marsh. down as we are now standing at the roman level pretty much where roman street level was 1,900 years ago. >>reporter: once the bones and tools and bits of leather and coins are carefully unearthed from the site they're taken to the museum of london archeology labs where the signist at thiseses there further study and catalog them and learn all sorts of things about history. each skeleton goes through the

processing protocol. after pressure washing, they're put in a drying room for a few days and then cataloged. because the site cemetery yielded so many skeletons, more than 3,000, there are plenty of samples to look at to figure out how somebody lived and died in 1569. >> i want to see if they can identify people who maybe died from the plague and look at the path general itself from the teeth of these individuals and hopefully find out more about you infection diseases evolve. visitors are welcome. >> being in london you don't get to appreciate the history around you and it's right here. >>reporter: under the roman clay lies prehistoric gravel. there are not be human remain there is. that's when they make way for an

even bigger dig. to build a rail way ticketing hub creating another layer of london history. get more on that and all the global stories if you go to our website, aljazeera.com. the eviction of hundreds causes drove. plus, online black markets are making a come back. the hidden corners of the dark web, and then. >> the hidden meaning of cereal selfies. what it means if you are constantly posting self-portraits. >> welcome to the stream.