it does her insurance and endurance are the only things keeping her alive. and a reminder you can keep up to date with all the day's news and developments on our website. aljazeera.com. day in court of the a system overload turns the dream into a nightmare. and the skill shortage having men countries hiring workers. there is no other way to describe a u.s. immigration system in desperate need of reform from top to bottom. republicans and democrats agree on this one. tricky.

the majority of tension, money, is focussed on the issue of illegal immigration. passions are routinely inflamed on both sides. armed vigilante militias patrol the border, millions of protesters demanding an end to deportation, and talks about a reasonable debate, about a sensible bipartisan sol lugs has been drowned out. president obama has been sclamed as the deporter of chief because of a sharp decrease in deportations. he tried to push through an executive order seeking to shield up to 5 million illegal immigrants from being sent home. that got nowhere, and after a series of lawsuits, further efforts on that front are on hold. bad news for the near half a million case backlog jamming up immigration courts.

as loud and emotionals as the debate gets, the folks leading a push to be competitive are begging for commonsense. politics aside, mark zucker bird, melissa myer, bill gates and other tech titans came together to demand immigration reform, the focus not on the southern border battle but an immigration fight. students come to america, educated by the greatest university and are forced to leave before they can work for the u.s. companies. a broken system will not distinguish between the high-skilled workers, and unskilled workers waiting in line to enter the country. more on that in a moment. back to the issue of what to do with millions of undocumented workers. americans are clear, they say let them say. according to a pugh center survey three out of for respond

saying undisputed immigrants should be allowed to stay legally if certain requirements are met. that would be welcome news for judges and lawyers, drawning in a backlog of cases jumping 30% in the last year alone. it's not me or you, it's immigration systems being broken. and judges working the cases say it. j is this happening? enforcement on the borders is fighter, we are catching more of the people wh risk their lives, little money and attention is paid to the courts that process and adjudicate the cases of those who are caught of the. >> over the last few years cases kale in but rare go out. i approach hundreds of cases. >> jacob deals with people from

other countries seeking asylum usually from war-torn nations. they wait years, and now the wait is longer. congress mandate that immigrants get requirement in court, bump, beyond. >> since the government is paying for the people to be detained. it wants to move the cases and the government is concerned that drawing the cases out will create an incentive for more people to come into the united states a high of 445,000 cases waiting to be heard in immigration courts. it's the highest ever. an increase of 163% since 2003. >> it's due to various things. number one, there's money going to custom enforcement. they are funnelled there. more and more people are being apprehended and put into the immigration justice system. that means going before

immigration judges. there are not enough judges to go around, and not enough money to help the courts keep [ chanting ] money going to border enforcement increased 105% in the last 12 years, to 18 by 7 billion. immigration court spending has rich, but not as much. it's up 74% to 350 million. it's an issue that divide, but it's the one thing that both sides agree on. >> it's a system that is broken that needs fixing. work. >> today our immigration system is broken. >> last year president obama announced an executive order to allow undocumented workers without a criminal record who lived in the united states for at least five years to play to stay in the country legally. >> you can come out of the county.

>> some said it was amnext for law breakers, and it was struck down by an appeal court. it's not the last of the president's attempts to alleviate some pressure. as border enforcement beefs up, immigration judges are fed up. >> we have been asked to do more for less. when you do that, your reward should be to get more. it's an incredible amount of burnout for the judges. >> immigration judge heads up a union representing immigration judges across the u.s. the 250 or so judges handle each. cases. >> there's so little hiring that over half the immigration judges are ellingable for -- illageable for retirement. we are concerned that they may

implode in the near future for look of new hiring. >> in july president obama idea 3.7 billion in fund toing deal with the surge of children and america. >> that's what a large chunk will be directed towards. hiring judges and officials addressing the backlog that has cropped up the money never made it to the courts. the department of justice 2015 budgets includes money to hire 35 immigration judges, and asked for 55 more next year. >> we believe we need more than that, double the amount, at least the start. and the problem is this - the hiring takes so long by the time they get more judges in, it comes out as a watch the judge is speaking on

behalf of the judge's union, but in a surprise interview, her boss, the head of the executive office of this review told a local n.b.c. affiliate the same thing. the immigration is broken. >> the budget system imposed in 2011 resulted in hiring freezes across the deposit which, for us, were a disaster. >> but the disaster stands to get worse. half of all immigration judges eligible for retirement and financial relief in site. >> it is the perfect storm. right now, knock on wood, the numbers on the border crossings are lower. we are surviving. we get another huge wave of numbers like that, it's hard to enjoy we'll be able to come up for air. >> next - technology companies changing the world. here in the united states they say they can't find enough high skilled workers because of lack of visas.

some say don't believe the hype coming from republicans, democrats, tech companies. is there a conspiracy against the american worker? we'll be right back. >> my name is imran garda the show is called third rail, when you watch this show you're gonna find us being un-afraid. the topics will fascinate you, intrigue you... >> they take this seriously... >> let me quote you... >> there's a double standard... >>...could be a hypocrite >> you're also gonna get a show that's really fair bold... never predictable... >> the should be worried about heart disease, not terrorism... >> i wouldn't say that at all... >> you'll see a show that has an impact on the conventional wisdom that goes where nobody else goes... >> my name is imran garda i am the host of third rail and you can find it on al jazeera america

>> after six weeks of fighting >> you must make you're voice be heard... >> struggling >> it's very scary... >> dreaming >> we're actually working on that as we speak...

>> where are they now? >> nothing was given too us, we had to earn everything... >> see how it all ends.. >> all of the other families they give us hope... >> i know that keeps me going... >> we just have to keep doing what we have to do... >> an honest look at the american dream... >> this definitely gave me an opportunity to grow up... >> you just don't give up... >> hard earned reunion only on al jazeera america backlog of cases yummying up the courts, it's the work visas that silicon valley and others rely on to hire workers they say they need to maintain america's competitive 'em. there is a shortage of workers in so-called stem veelds, science, technology, engineering and mathematics is accepted as gospel by everyone. the obama immigration insists there's more than half a million job openings in information technology fields like software development, network administration and cyber security.

that is in tune with numbers put out by the information technology foundation. that's a high-tech think tank. it cites 545,000 technology jobs, that go unfilled every year in the united states. both the white house and silicon valley think the solution is to let in more skilled workers, and keep foreign students, with advance degrees, in the united states again. what remains maddening about the lack of reform is an opportunity for a rare bipartisan compromise. it's not just democrats who think the system of work visas need to change. republicans, including former presidential contender mitt romney things so too. >> if you get an advanced degree here, we want you to say here. i'd staple a green card to the diploma

of someone here there's note ag detractors, like the h1 b visa, thinking it's a conspiracy to bring in cheap foreign labour to displace american workers. talk of a skills gap or a shortage of workers is overblown. this is despite an estimated 65,000 petitions or applications for h1bs, for tech firms and others. this is more than the entire years allotment manned dated by congress. ron, of the economic policy institute is one of those detractors that warns about the supposed dangers of immigration. i'm willing to bet you think that a government lottery of worker visas was nothing to do with labour shortages, and everything to do with sticking it to higher paid.

one of the conditions of the h1 b visa programs is that foreign workers failed to see pay that americans get. does that make you change your mind? >> no, it doesn't. you are using or prevailing, and the prevailing wage is set by congress, it's below the market wages. the h1 b programme is used for cheaper workers and many places to replace the american workers. >> here is a graphic version that i want to show our viewers that the white house put out, it shows that of the 5 million job openings in america, there's more than half a million in it. i showed our viewers that, that is more than an occupation. you say the programme is based on a premise that there's a shortage of american it workers. where do you get that from?

>> it's simply, all you have to do is look at the data. the most simple is wages. if there were a shortage, you'd roof. that is not the case. wages have been flat for 15 years. so you don't have a shortage. plus, we see many cases like the disney case reported last week, where american workers are training foreign replacements on h1 bs. let's talk about this. you are talking about wages. i want to look at studies. the brooking institute says every prominent h1 b category saw wage growth stronger than the national average from 2009 to 2011. that suggests that there's upward pressure in industries that are populated by immigrants. how do you explaining the findings. you have flat or declining wages in every other occupation.

you have essentially flat wages in it. what they are saying is you have stronger growth in i.d. than the other wages. that is because the economy is not creating enough labour demand. you are comparing against a baseline that is really a terrible labour market. >> growth and it wouldn't suggest to you. if your argument is that we are finding immigrant workers because they are cheaper than if your wage growth was flat. you'd see less than flat, you'd see negative in it. but you are seeing positive. >> well, there's labour demand from the loss of different places. i'm not saying there's no demand for low t labour. there's not a shortage of labour, there's a lot of americans that could be filling the jobs, who are trained in it and should be training for it. what companies are doing opting for cheaper.

>> i want more from the brooking study. finding average wages for workers in the computer industry. average wages for people in the computer industry in 2010 were between 5 and 61% higher for immigrants, than for u.s. born workers. the immigrants we are attracting in computer industries are earn between 5 and 61% more than american-born workers. >> this is - unless you don't like brookings or want to discount the study. immigrant tech workers earn more than americans. >> yes. we have to be careful again, immigrant can be naturalized citizens. they can't look at guest workers versus people who were - came as children, right. foreign born include a lot of people like my brothers. my elder brothers coming in as foreign born.

we have to be careful about how to look at the data, and the conclusions we draw. i would call into question the brookings motivation. there's a lot of flaws. microsoft. >> can you question the fact that may be brookings is bias. you have microsoft, facebook and the obama and you have a republican congress and a republican presidential candidate. they are in this together? >> well, there's a huge money on this side, and it's the conventional wisdom. facts. if you look at unemployment rates, employment growth, wages, nobody can say that they were spectacularly grow of course, it's flat and growing a little bit, and only growing in certain sub areas. >> the employment rate is lower than the national average.

that's meaningless. you have to compare the it. >> how could everything be meaningless. every number i give you a meaningless. >> you are misinterpreting how to look rates. >> i know what i'm talking about here. >> well, the unemployment rate is 1%. are you saying we don't have enough lawyers based on that? >> the market adjusts. we are importing. it's a different story. we are workers. rate. than what we have in the national average. >> no, it doesn't tell you that, you are misinterpreting. you have to look at the unemployment rate for the computer occupations and all managerial and professional occupations. it's not lower than people with college degrees. you are

comparing apples oranges. you are including people would are high school drop outs, people working in construction, you have fictional unemployment, comparing the occupations to the national average, it is meaningless. it doesn't tell you enough. what you compare it is what the i.d. oppositions are. it's not all that great. and you should compare it to lawyers, doctors, engineers and it isn't doingville u than the other professions. today. come back and we'll continue the conversation. one day i'll find something that you'll trust me on. good to talk to you on. thank you for being with us. >> thank you ron an associate at the policy institute and howard university. i'll continue this conversation with ron. before i do that, i want to go to. the average unemployment rate

for computer and mathematical occupations fell a full percentage point in 2014 to 2.7%. that's the unemployment rate for them. that is low, but ron argues that computer and mathematical occupations have reached their so-called full employment until the employment rate hits about 2.2%. and he says that proves that there's no widespread shortage of tech workers. >> my point is that if the unemployment rate for the workers is 2.7%, that's almost 3 full percentage points less than the unemployment rate of 5.5% for the entire workforce. that's what it was in 2014. and to me that proves the labour market is tighter than it is for the overall job market coming up next, we'll take a different look at this. we'll get to the bottom of the skills gap by talking to someone on the front line. right now.

napped... >> this is what's left of the hospital >> is a crime that's under reported... >> what do you think... >> we're making history right now... >> al jazeera america hire enough skilled computer engineers and want congress to expand the number of visa given to skilled foreign workers, including the h1 b visas, critics say there's no shortage of tech workers and h1 b visas

are a way for companies to save money. the c.e.o. of reputation.com joins me. he's been hiring h1 b workers on a visa and areas use that there's no shortage of tech workers is - his words - a deeply stupid point of view. not one to mince words. >> you wept straying to the -- went straight to the juggure lar. view. here is what we experience in silicon valley - the wages for engineers, really good engineers, have gone up between 40 to 100% in the last few years. above all it could be a sign of an apocalypse, it's supply-demand. it's an accrued problem in america. there's reasons for it. we are not educating enough, not

having home-grown engineers in our retraining programs. we should support that. another is that the great suppliers, smart people that want to come to america from overseas - russia, china, india, other places that want to come to america and practice their trade - we don't let them in. there's a lot of problems with the h1 b visa problems. there's farms, companies with large populations and don't treat them well. that's a problem. >> for those that don't know, and if you are an american citizens, you have no reason to know or care, it's restrictive. if you hire an h1 b. they are stuck working for you on your term, they don't have the same freedom. >> that's the second problem, which is h1 b visa holders are in some ways a second class citizen. i had breakfast this morning with an h1 b candidate, a

terrific engineer. he can't leave between 6-18 months to join a start up because he has restrictions, which means he can't leave until hitting a certain milestone that is present in the regulatory framework. our country's economy grows on the back of gifted people. immigrants, the back. top 1 or 5% contributors. they create wealth, we can argue how it is distributed. we can argue about how it's realized, but clearly, we are a nation that is the all-star team of the world. the programme, which by the way has a huge amount of power. across both aisles, there's a lot of support, we can't make it happen. mitt romney, he wanted to staple a green card to the diploma. here is the thing.

collude. he cites - you and i talk about apple and google's deal, not to poach each other's engineers. what is your response about why we shouldn't believe ron's perspective that it is in the interests of tech companies to argue that there's an - a shortage, and if ron is right, keep wages down. >> it's a fair question. i am sure ron is smart. he has a lot of acumen. there is collusion in the large companies that have been court. clearly, if prices are doubling for employing someone, it's a sign of a shortage. the broad back of the economy, maths or computer workers, as far as we understand it, it

includes data entry workers. we are talking about the tip of the sphere, the global economy over the summer. that kind of - which we den fit from. we should allow many to come to the country. and give them freedom. they, then, start their own companies, and hire more people. for every tech job, three more are created. it's only good for us if we allow more people in. we pay a higher price. we fight over a smaller group of people. it's a supply and demand. >> i bet the price is higher, reasonably higher if we had 100% margin. we are talking about apples, and oranges. whether they are from our universities or overseas. we support both. >> michael - the founder and

c.e.o. of reputation.com. i want to talk about a passion you and i share. you are taking the time to watch the show, and assure you you take the trust. if the state of the strit concerns you as me. head to the facebook page or twitter handle where i posted a column that a colleague and i wrote for linked in. a diagnosis for what ails tv news. i want to know if you agree or have solutions to ensure a robust future for quality journal. >> that's our show for today. thank you for joining us. i'm ali

>> torture, brainwashing and intimidation. the people of mosul have been living under i.s.i.l. control for one year. hello there, welcome to al jazeera, live from doha. i'm shiulie ghosh. also coming up, displaced by the war in yemen. some people forced to live in desperate conditions a u.s. court blocks the release of a prisoner held in solitary confinement for more than 40 years. and the challenges faced by one of the most peaceful