>> the death sentence give to egypt president mohamed morsi is upheld bay higher court. hello again, i'm felicity barr and this is al jazeera america live from london. also coming up, russia's president said that he'll modernize the country's nuclear arsenal. we'll tell i couldn't nato said that it's dangerous saber rattling. plus the u.n. said it must change a bit to live up to today's challenges. and concerns that some of nepal's famous temples and monuments are operating too soon

after april's earthquake. >> hello, the united nations secretary general ban ki-moon has expressed his concern after courts in cairo upheld the death sentence. it could have a negative effect on stakeout in egypt. they called it moley motivated. we have reports on the trial. >> death by hanging. this judge upheld his court's previous verdict against egypt's deposed president mohamed morsi. >> the court has ruled firstly that first and with consensus of opinion to punish each of the following defendants by execution by hanging. >> morsi along with other top leaders of the muslim brotherhood were sentenced over

a mass prison break during egypt's revolution. the muslim brotherhood say that the case is politically motivated. >> this is a shocking one. in a separate case members were sentenced to life in prison on charges of spying for hamas hezbollah and iran. but many question the judicial years decision. some say that the case is the

trial of the 2011 2011 revolution. >> these trials are not delivering the justice we are truly hoping for. no one should be above the law but what is happening is a form of political revenge and this will complicate the crisis even further in egypt. >> egypt designated mass trials and death sentences were handed out to hundreds who support the group. rights groups, the u.s. and e.u. have condemned the sentencing and questioned its credibility. egypt's president el-sisi said that the judiciary is independent, and he can't interfere. egypt is divided. many support the muslim brotherhood but many others support using the iron fist against the outlawed group. >> now a legal adviser at the international commission of

jurists, she explained why they believe the convictions are unsafe. >> the icj has condemned the decision of the cairo control court for violating the fair trial rights and the right to life of the accused and we have said it does violate international role for a number of reasons. many of the accused were held in detention. they were detained without legal council, without access to legal council. the decision was not based on substantial and credible evidence of the builds of each individual accused and under the egyptian law there is no review of the conviction of the accused.

>> russia plan called dangerous saber rattling. >> forces will be able to overcome defense systems even the most technically advance ones. >> this new nuclear saber rattling of russia is unjustified. it's destabilizing and it's dangerous. and this is something which we are addressing, and it is also one of the reasons why we are now increasing the preparedness

of armed forces. >> rory challands has what this could mean. >> in recent months moscow and washington have been accusing each other of violations of various world war. it has violated a 1987 treaty by a particular type of cruise missile. moscow says that washington is stepping over boundaries by planning on stationing tanks and heavy weaponry and it's intermediate range missiles in eastern europe and it says that nato is pushing russia into a new arms race. it will be give to see what putin has announced anything other than a direct response to that. there are some suspicions or suggestions that maybe these

inter continental ballistic smiles he announced today are not new missiles but replacements of older systems. you russia is in the middle of a vast expensive upgrade procedure at the moment. across the whole of its military by 2020 wants to replace 70% of all its hardware. that's going to cost a lot of money. and it's worth remembering what happens to the ussr. in essence it was bankrupted and ruined by an arms race which it could not win against a much richer west. >> almost 20,000 syrian refugees entered turkey since sunday. the kurdish forces captureed an isil town giving kurds control on the turkey-syria border.

it is something worrying the turkish governments. we have this report from southern turkey. >> a few people left are head to go turkey. they'll join the 20,000 who have already escaped the three-week battle for control of the strategic border town. fighters from the syrian kurdish are now in charge. only last week black cloud isil fighters were here in the same place trying to stop people leaving. but a three-week assault led by the ypg forced isil out. airstrikes from the u.s.-led coalition were an essential part of the battle plan. now the kurdish flag flies above. that makes the turkish government nervous. >> we going into the west is unfortunately positioning terrorists members of the dyd

and the pkk in their place. >> turkey sees the ypg and syria as an off shoot from the turkish pkk. it's a separatist group that's fought a 40-year battle with the turkish state. the syrian kurds have now added this area to their list of self-declared independently ministered regions in northern syria, but uniquely that town is the majority arab, however the kurds say it was once custodyish before they were forced out firstly by the syrian governments by the 1980s and more recently i by isil. the turkish government and the group of anti-government groups have accused them of deliberately displacing arabs and tush men from the--tur "x-men." men--turk men. we treat all cities equally.

we invite all the arabs who would like to come back. anyone can come here to verify what i'm saying. >> for isil the loss of the area is their most significant defeat since they swept through northern syria two years ago. the kurds now control the road to raqqa bernard smith al jazeera, on the turkey syrian border. >> the united nations peacekeeping forces often have too few resources to make a difference. that is the conclusion of a panel which was asked to review the effectiveness of u.n. peacekeeping missions. it says that too much bureaucracy and lack of leadership. finding released today after a separate report accused u.n. peace keepers of routinely carrying out sexual abuse and exploitation. well chairman of the independent panel which released the latest report on tuesday.

he told us sexual violence by peace keepers would not be tolerated. >> immunity under international law, the convention that regulates the immuneity is applicable only as the functions of the individual. sexual violence, sexual exploitation it has no immunity whatsoever. so if a particular u.n. staff somewhere in the world is involved in sexual violence, and there is credible evidence to that effect, the authorities of that country have the right to immediately initiate legal domestic process against an individual regardless of his status in the mission. so he has no immunity to protect him if he's involved in sexual violence or sexual exploitation. but at the same time in our

recommendations in relation to peace keepers, that falls under a different category. yes, they do have immunity. the u.n. or international immunity apply to them. but it does not mean that they don't have responsibilities. it is their own country in their own legal system that they have been persecuted. >> and to look at other stories. the 17 people were killed when a passenger train collided in tunisia. it happened during rush hour on tuesday morning. tunisia's transport minister has blamed it on a lack of a crossing barrier. the u.s. is confirmed it

carried out an air strike that killed an al-qaeda leader. there has been no let up in the fight in yemen. thousands of kilometers away representatives of the houthi rebels and allies of the former president ali abdullah saleh have arrived for an u.n.-brokered meeting. they said they'll only start talking when the saudi-led airstrikes have stopped. we have reports from geneva. >> these are the houthies, allies of the deposed president ali abdullah saleh. they're in geneva for crucial talks aimed at stopping violence in yemen. the united nations has called on all of the parties to agree on a two-week humanitarian truce. >> the fighting on the ground is an issue. the biggest problem is the saudi-led airstrikes.

the different sides can agree on a cease-fire but we want the u.n. and international community to put pressure on the saudis to stop the airstrikes. >> the houthis and forces loyal to ali abdullah saleh have the upper hand on the ground in certain areas. they are recently taken new areas on the border with saudi arabia. >> yemen has been destroyed by all sorts of weapons. children and the elderly have been killed. this is why we want the borders to stop and the blockade to be lifted. people are starving. there is no medicine. no fuel, and no food. >> the ongoing fight something raising concerns of more instability. the u.s. is monitoring the talks in geneva. it's been fighting al-qaeda for many years. now, it's concerned al-qaeda might take advantage of the ongoing political divisions to expand across the country.

the u.n. has been for now the chances the government and the houthies meet face to face are unlikely. they remain largely divided over the future of yemen. the united nations have been trying for years to reconcile differences between yemens key players. that didn't work. it's hope now is to start a new process based on a cease-fire as a first step followed by houthi fall out from and then negotiate a power-sharing deal, but that might take years. al jazeera geneva. >> still to come on the program why the suspension of a border agreement between german and austria are leaving thousands of migrants stranded in italy. and food for thought how a daily dose of the delicious coo help you live longer.

>> hello again. a reminder of the stop stories on al jazeera. a court in cairo has upheld the death sentence given to former president mohamed morsi. now it will be reviewed by egypt's highest appeals court. vladimir putin plans to put 40 inter continental ballistic

missiles in place by the end of the year. the u.n. commission reports has found that there are too few resources to make a difference. germany and austria have lifted a three-week suspension of the agreement which allows people to move freely around europe. the suspension was imposed during last week's go g-7 meeting in germany. many migrants are stranded. >> on a train to europe, this is one of the most northern train stations in the italian alps. beyond that is austria the bait way forgateway for many migrants who hope to build a new life. most migrants are stopped from

border boarding the train. those who manage to sneak in are escorted off by custom guards. and the few who make it across the border are escorted back by austrian police. >> these people are traumatized. they runaway from their countries. and after an exhausting journey they're forced to get off here and they don't know where they are. they just can't understand why they can't move on to another european country. >> this is what these migrants wait for. one of the six trains that stop at the train station every day. a few manage to get past police. the rest just wait for the next train out of italy. this is not the only italian border where the agreement is put to the test. on tuesday italian police forcebly remove tens of migrants who are camping out on the rocks at the border with france. in the past few days they had staged protests and went on hunger after police refused to

let them in. france protected it's right to stop illegal immigration. there are thousands stranded in train stations across the country. about 400 migrants have camped outside of milan station while they wait to the side which way to go. hundreds more are stuck in rome where train stations increasingly look like open air refugee camps. these migrants say they will stay here despite the rain, cold and border controls until they manage the catch the train to a better life. al jazeera. >> the president at the european commission has accused the greek government of misleading voters. he said he has had no contact with greece since sunday because negotiations are going nowhere. well shares on the greek stock market fell for the third day in a row.

he said that he's still pushing for deals that will put the end to greece leaving the euro zone. >> the time has come for europe to talk seriously not just about greece's future, but also the future of the euro zone. when it insists on leading a country and a people into humiliation and poverty or do they want to pave the way to solidarity and democracy. >> in south korea mers is effecting many businesses and many tourists are afraid to visit the country. >> trying to balance the books and pay the salaries. it's ban difficult month. this small boutique has seen a 90% fall in tourists and 50% fall in sales compared. the period. shoes and clothes are sitting on

the shelves. the mers scare has seen his main customers, japanese tourists, today away from south korea. there is no solution but to hope that the measures outbreak could be under control as soon as possible. there is nothing we can do but wait and see. >> businesses from department stores hotelings are all feeling the effect of mers. while some tourists and the public venture in the capital shopping districts many are taking precautions. it seems that those who are going out are doing so out of necessity and are careful about who they come into contact with. >> people seem to be more careful about having contacts or coughing in public places. that's why i feel uncomfortable to go out in public. >> the tourist season will begin at the start of july and seems like this is supposed to reduce any worries of visitors. south korea was hoping to attract as many as 16.2 million visitors mostly from china

japan and hong kong. that seems unlikely now. the government is offering those visiting after the 22nd of june full medical expenses and complimentary health cover worth $3,000 should they catch mers and $90,000 if they die. government officials are eager to reassure everyone at home and abroad. >> support for the tourism industry reeling from mers can never be efficient. we're taking two emergency measures. one is to provide assistance and the other is to assure visitors that south korea is safe. >> some of those visiting the country now are not bothered by the situation. >> not at all. i think the catches of actually being infected of mers are tiny. i think there is more of a media scare than an actual possibility of getting the disease. >> the government said it will provide up to $64 million in loans to tour operators, travel

agencies and hotel who is are experiencing mass cancellations. south korea is weeks away from its peak tourist season, and the country is behinding it as a hard sale as a safe tourist destination. >> let's take you to nepal in kathmandu they have reopened for the first time since april's earthquake. 700 temples and other unesco world heritage buildings were damaged. and many are concerned that these sites are opening up too soon. >> back to business. that's what the government is saying as a country opens up it's heritage sites damaged by april's earthquake. more than 700 monuments were damaged by the quake. 33 of them were here in kathmandu. on tuesday among dignitaryies it was declared officially.

>> since the earthquake tourism in nepal has come to a standstill. many sections have been deemed unsafe and have cordoned off. the government said that people should come to visit the heritage site not only to see the monument but to learn about disasters. tourists have to pay $7 to see these ruins and an expected $117 million will be needed to rebuild the heritage sites of nepal. >> we have to put on helmets, we have to. >> conservations say that the government's decision to reopen these areas might be premature.

unesco has issued a statement telling the public to be extra careful. artifacts are still being salvaged from some of the sites now open to public. raising dangerous from theft. director general of department of archeology if there is pressure from the business community. >> this is our duty. >> only 14 of the 75 districts of nepal have been effected by the quake. but over all tourism has dramatically decreased. the government hopes that opening these heritage sites would be a symbolic gesture to bring tourists back to nepal. >> finally we have some great

news for chocolate lovers. scientists in scotland have found that eating up to 100 grams of chocolate a day can lower the risk of stroke and heart disease. >> so decadent, so delicious and not as bad as we thought. it seems that eating chocolate every day is linked to a lower risk of heart disease and stroke. looking at the eating habits of 21,000 people over 12 years researchers at university of aberdeen have discovered those who ate chocolate wed less, exercised more, less obese and lower risk of type two diabetes. they're not saying that it makes you healthier but there is no need to give it up because it protects your heart. >> eating chocolate seems to be safe in terms of cardiovascular events.

therefore, we can't say this is because of chocolate con punch. >> the focus focused on british a nation of chalk chocoholics. with. >> with the higher percentage of chocolate you tend to get a better payoff. >> this is one the highest quality of chocolate you could buy. the studies were not eating just dark chocolate but mass produce ed bars like this. and there was still 11 11% pave. >> it is still high in fat

calories and sugar if you're going to try to lose weight a lot of chocolate is not going to be good for you. >> before you head to that chocolate bar more research still needs to be done. >> for more on our stories go to www.aljazeera.com. james patterson one of the worlds best selling authors. >> first book thomas berryman number was rejected by 31 publishers and i still keep a list of all the editors who rejected it. >> patterson's books have sold more than 300 million copies. the prolific and popular author responds to critics who say he relies too much on ghost writers... >> i do work with co-writers and sometimes people -well