market. allen schauffler, al jazeera, seattle. >> the news continues with randall pinkston. >> thank you. here's a look at tonight's top stories. the city of brussels remains on lockdown as 16 suspects are arrested in raids as part of the paris attacks investigation. plus, the french tragedy has some members of the european union rethinking their opposition to fences and walls separating their countries. also, taking the war against terror to the internet. a fertile ground for groups like isil to recruit and raise money. the topic of tonight's week ahead. and in new orleans a gunman's weapon pointed at the head of a med school student misfires safe the life of good samaritan who was trying to help a robbery victim.

we begin in belgium where authorities announced the rest of 16 people as hundreds of police continue their search for an accomplice for the violence in paris. french investigators say they're keeping a suspect in custody for a fifth day. after that authorities will have only 24 hours to either harj him or set the man free. the brussels government thinks a similar attack is possible in belgium. they're on lockdown through monday and possibly longer. paul brennan is there with more. >> reporter: it's extremely tense here for the past few days and past few hours in brussels itself. it has been extremely tense. there's police cordons placed all around the grand place area. they've been removed and essentially what we've done is concentrated down to the main central police station there. for three hours unmarked police

cars with blue lights flashes racing up and down the cobbled streets. you can see the town there. that is the town hall of brussels, so right in the center. extraordinary state of affairs. but the announcements on sunday by the prime minister that the state of alert was going to stay at 4, that the metros will be closed on monday, that the schools also are going to stay shut on monday gives you an indication how tense people are here. the authorities are on a high state of alert. they're convinced that there are people such as salah abdeslam and potential accomplices that have weapons and access to explosives and are taking no chances whatsoever. to france where one city imposed a curfew in a largely muslim neighborhood in sens outside of paris. it's the first community to impose a occcurfew as the state emergency continues.

adam raney joins us with more. what can you tell about the reaction to the curfew? >> reporter: randall, we were down in that city just a few hours ago. there's some mixed expressions of emotion. some people said security is key and that they want to make sure that their city is safe and france is safe. they said it's a good idea to have a curfew after evidence was found in a lockdown mode. many people in this neighborhood that is largely made up of muslims are starting to feel targeted by authorities and don't have anything to apologize for. this is what it looks like in that city about an hour's drive from paris. this is what a state of emergency looks like. the past week hundreds of raids have been carried out across france. police are looking for suspects from the paris attacks and trying to thwart other plots before it's too late.

the city of sens just an hour south of paris with latest front in this battle. the mayor put a largely muslim neighborhood under curfew after police found false documents and illegal weapons there. many sens residents support the measure. >> i think french people are ready to be surveilled and to lose a part of the freedom, you know, to be more sure or more secure. >> reporter: many lives in sens' muslim area itself say it's necessary. there were no signs of police activity when we visited, but with the night curfew everyone feels they're being watched.

>> reporter: there are troops and police on paris's streets but no curfew. under the state of emergency france is dealing with a new reralt where local authorities can put people under house arrest, and conduct warrantless searches and place a whole community under curfew. they can carry out the powers for her the next three months. sens is the first community to impose a curfew. other towns could follow imposing their own measures that could deliver nor security but increase suspicion and division. so what we have there is local authorities acting under this state of emergency making decisions to have a curfew there. of course, local authorities, local police can now search

people's homes without a warrant and put people under house arrest without a judge's order. so far we don't hear that, but there have been hundreds and hundreds of police raids since the attacks here in paris numbering nearly 1,000 now. as we saw in belgium, there's raids over the border, too, just 19 today along in the belgian capital. we're in a totally new era after the attacks where peoples' rights are compromised as authorities look to root owl the people plotting attacks and could continue to inflict major, major damage here. >> it was interesting to listen to the people that you talked to. they were curious about why they are being placed under curfew when the attacks happened in paris and the community where that raise occurs is not under curfew. do you have any insight about the thinking of some being under

curfew while others are not? >> reporter: that's interesting, randall, but basically it's up to the discretion of the mayor of that city. now, whether or not she thinks it's logical or not, we were unable to speak to her. that's the crux of this issue. local authorities can now make these decisions despite the logic according to some people that, yes, maybe they found some evidence here, but curfew lockdown to this extent when the attacks happen to the capital and now it's driving north, why aren't they under curfew. they feel targeted and this small city where it's relatively peaceful is targeted because at the whim of this mayor she's put them under curfew in this community. of course, we couldn't confirm exactly why, other than that on the website for the local community they said they found fake documents and prohibited weapons, unauthorized weapons. now, to be sure, there's a lot of raids going on across france right now where such evidence is being gathered, and not all

those communities are being put under curfew. so it shows you how arbitrary these decisions are right now. we might see this continue as towns decide to make their own decisions about what type of enforcement operations to make in the coming days and weeks. >> adam raney in paris. thank you. the paris attacks put americans on edge. today president obama tried to reassure the nation that the islamic state group can't strike a blow against the u.s. because it will be destroyed. >> we destroy isil on the battlefield, and we will destroy them. we will take back land that they are currently in, and we will cut out their financing and hunt down their leadership. we will dismantle their networks and their supply lines, and we will ultimately destroy them. >> the president spoke in malaysia where he was wrapping

up attendance at regional summits. in a few minutes terror and social media. how isil uses it to recruit and carry out attacks. a topic expected in the week ahead as french president francois hollande travels to washington. in the aftermath of paris, there are renewed calls for tougher policing of the u.s. -- the eu's border, but any change to the rules could undermine the free movement of the eu. laurence lee has more from the crow wait ya and slow vena border. >> fences, the european union for years campaigned against them. in northern ireland's divided communities, in the occupied palestinian territories. now inside europe itself security just like every where else is trumping high morale talk of human rights. greece has a fence. macedonia is currently making one.

hungary had already fenced itself off even more liberal slovenia has been buying the barbed wire. all this is calling into question what the european union's greatest supporters said was the greatest achievement, border-free travel, otherwise known as schengen. schengen turns 30 this year. in 1985, when it was created, the soviet union was about to collapse and academics were writing books called "the end of history." a sort of boring but safe state of affairs in which nothing really significant was going to happen and conflicts were a thing of the past. what a long time ago that now feels. the question really is whether a europe without borders and security checks is really such a good idea in such a violent world. so the populist right in any number of countries said it is schengen, and the lack of border controls that ail allows for attacks in europe. increasingly they say we told

you this would happen. >> schengen is not working because it must be like it was once 25 years ago or something like that whether you have to show your passport. it's no need to make such a strong border, but i think it's important to show on each border your passport and then the origin must make it controlled. >> reporter: the dutch government is proposed going back to the original mini schengen, open borders with just it, austria, germany and the other countries. this will leave the newer europe union countries out, countries like slovenia, notice a major refugee route under threat. liberal voices sa it's an economic and social disaster to r them. >> i'm afraid we're in a state

of disinterrogation, and this will be lead by right wing politicians predominantly so they will impose a europe that will be more and more authoritarian. >> the real doomsday is not the end of not just schengen but the eu. potential economic collapse and free trade movements, the unpicking of wounds between countries which two generations ago were at war. that would be a victory for isil. laurence lee, al jazeera, on the edge of schengen zone in slovenia. jason rezaian has reported been sentenced to prison by oon iranian court on charges of espionage. authorities there have given very little information or even the length of a sentence in a case veiled in secrecy from the start. paul is here with more of the story. have the officials in iran said anything? >> aside from the statement on the website of iranian tv, no. this is the latest twist in the case. jason rezaian's arrest, trial

and conviction and now the details of the sentence have been kept largely out of view from the beginning by iranian authorities. news about the fate of jason rezaian came on send in a brief statement on the website of iranian state tv. the spokesman said only that rezaian and that the sentence is not yet final and sunday his brother slammed the confusion and lack of transparency surrounding the case saying, quote, my brother is an innocent man and a well-respected journalist as our family gathers for thanksgiving we remain hopeful that jason will be reunited with us. the foreign editor said as least part of the reason for all the secrecy is because rezaian has done nothing wrong. >> if they had evidenceance

jason wouldn't drag out the case and verdict or sentence for many, many months without disclosing what he did. >> rezaian and his wife were both arrested at her home in tehran in the middle of the neat in 2014. she was later released on bail and rezaian was convicted of espionage and other crimes in october. she and rezaian's mother went to the revolutionary court to learn details of the verdict but you were turned away. rezaian has been in prison far longer than the americans held during the iran hostage cries crisis in 1979. as they negotiated a deal over the nuclear program this summer, rezaian and other americans were repeatedly discussed on the sidelines but with no resolution. >> we're working really hard on it. >> we certainly would have hoped that at that juncture, at any juncture that iran would have done the right thing, shown it's humanitarian concern, released jason given that there's no evidence against him.

>> many believe rezaian's case is caught up in iranian internal politics. >> skras jason was reporting on iran and writing more about the people and life stiometime. nothing that arouses the sensitivities of the authorities in any way. >> he's been a victim of the collision in iran between more moderate forces and conservative ones. >> the victim in a case that even as a sentence is handed down remains shrouded in secrecy. neither rezaian's family, his lawyer or the state department say they've received any official word about this sentence. "the post" calls the case a sham and says every day he's in prison is an injustice. he's been there now for 488 days. >> thank you, paul. it was a year ago today when a cleveland police officer shot and killed a 12-year-old boy who turned out was carrying a toy gun. this morning parents of other

police shooting victims joined a community's call for action. the live report is next. plus, a gunman aims his if gun at a good samaritan. the hero survived. later on tonight's week ahead, taking the war against terror to the internet. social media, a major tool for recruiting and fund-raising for groups like isil.

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shot and killed a 12-year-old boy in cleveland. tamir rice was waving a toy gun. a year later still unclear whether charges will be filed. we're live from cleveland where a candlelight vigil took place today. andy, cleveland is one of many cities where vigils like this one have been held in the past year. >> reporter: right, randall. the family of tamir rice is trying to send a message with these candles that this case is far from being resolved, but we asked other supporters today if some of the words they're using might be going too far. this raucous church service in cleveland didn't just focus on the shooting death of at that mere rice. the 12-year-old boy was shot by a police officer as he played with a pellet gun with a park one year ago. it also included mothers who have lost relatives in

police-involved killing in other cities and included a phrase routinely tossed around this weekend by members of the community. police terror. are you worried that that is going to draw people against you? >> i don't think it will draw people against us. people are beginning to take a serious look at what police terror is, and i think that they're beginning to understand you can live in a community in the united states where people are commits terroristic acts. >> this police officer says it doesn't bother him. >> there's certain things that happen that look terrorizing. it's what they look like, and you can't change that. if you treat people the way you want to be treated, you wouldn't have the same situations that we have. >> he was on his way home from visiting a friend. >> andre pennick smith lost her

son 17 years ago in oklahoma. she never sued and never had anyone rally around her cause. legally she just let it go. >> if he was murdered now, i would have had the support. you know something? those who killed my son will pay for this before they leave this earth. i promise you that. >> and she has no problem calling it police terror. >> it is incindiary because we're at war. >> she and other mothers will go on tour this summer. >> what's the next step for the rice family? >> reporter: well, all they can do is try to demand that the prosecutor in this case recuse himself. they say he's biased and he hasn't done anything and he's tried to hide behind the grand jury. so they're going to deliver

petitions tomorrow with hundreds of thousands of signatures they say demanding that he resign to his office. randall. >> thank you. we're reporting live from cleveland. in new orleans police announced they have identified a suspect in the shooting of a good samaritan, all caught on surveillance camera. they're looking for 21-year-old yurik cain who police say dragged a woman down the street early friday morning. when a tulane university medical student stopped to help, he shot him in a stomach. he points the semi-automatic pistol at the student's head and pulls the trigger twice, but the gun jams. >> anybody that would do that is a really upstanding citizen and student. i'm glad to say that i went to school with him. >> this is about somebody that made a conscious decision to commit harm to this woman and this man stopped to help. we're proud of him for being able to do that. >> police say are confident they will capture the suspect. the student, 25-year-old peter

gold, is still hospitalized in critical condition but his family says he is improving. a vote sunday in hong kong could be a litmus test of the political mood in the city. there were 867 candidates on the ballot vying for 363 council seats a year after sometimes violent pro-democracy protests gripped asia's financial hub. they demanded free elections without influence from beijing. argentina's opposition leader has won a historic run justin verlander -- runoff election to be the new president. we have live pictures of mauricio macri celebrating his victory a short time ago. lhasa -- teresa bowe covered the election. here's her report. >> reporter: this looks like more like a party than a political rally. there's balloons and people dancing and singing. they're saying that for 12 years they've been waiting for the opposition to win, and this

sunday that's what happened. mauricio macri defeated the ruling party canada. this is between the government and u.s. hedge funds that are suing argentina for the debt. the relationship between venezuela and argentina will explain that. so it's going to be a radical change for argentina. he's promising free trade and many of the people are waiting for that. >> teresa bowe reporting from bun airs. next, terror and the social media. the internet is now a valuable tool by groups like isil, just one of the concerns whether french president hollande lands

in washington. the topic in tonight's "week ahead." later, cafe orders in paris determined to preserve their rich, colorful culture. a culture threatened by gunmen nine days ago.

welcome back to al jazeera. belgium has arrested 16 people around the capital city. hundreds are out searching for an accomplice.

brussels says a similar attack is imminent there and has the city on lockdown through monday at least. president obama today assured the american public that the destruction of isil will prevent the group from striking a blow against the u.s. the president's words come as isil has vows to stage terror attacks in the u.s. the president spoke in malaysia where he was wrapping up a regional summit. in iran jason rezaian has been sentenced to prison for espionage reportedly. he was arrested with his wife in april of last year. she was freed on bail. no other details released today including the length of the sentence. it's you understasunday nig for the rec regular look at the week ahead. french president hollande travel to moscow and washington this week. it's to stop potential attacks by isil like the one that killed 130 people in paris a week ago. security experts say the task is

getting more complicated as groups like isil become more tech-savvy using social media for everything from recruitment to fund-raising. it's forcing security officials to look closely at all possible threats no matter the source. officials say social media has become a key component of isil's strategy and that the armed group has taken to twitter and facebook to target those who might launch attacks on its behalf. al jazeera has more. >> reporter: this month's attacks in paris were planned to a certain extent by using the internet. experts say terrorists are using encrypted communications on the so-called dark web, a part of the internet not accessible by everyday users. but the open internet is also being increasingly used as a major tool to recruit members, coordinate attacks, send funds, and spread propaganda. with tens of millions of messages being sent over the

internet daily, authorities are faced with following up on a growing number of threats, even ones that appear to be pranks. in 2014 a 14-year-old dutch girl tweeted a threat to american airlines. soon after the team said it was a joke, but she was still located and questioned by authorities. not a laughing matter when one considers the time and resources taken away from investigating credible threats from groups like isil. there are many of them. the brookings project on u.s. relations with the islamic world released the isis twitter census. during a period of two months in 2014, at least 46,000 twitter accounts were identified that supported isil. almost 60% of those accounts were created just last year. to put it in perspective, twitter's user base grew by 20% in 2014. the number of new isil supporter accounts nearly tripled during the same period.

>> we were also surprised at the high volume of content coming from a tiny subset of this overall supporter base. so 1,000 to 2,000 users were publishing hundreds of tweets a daypro moating islamic state content. >> twitter habben shutting down accounts, but isil supporters are boldly striking back using social media to tliten jack dorsey and employees. one account posted, imagine the scene while one of the twitter employees is out at a nearby bar drunk and it's dark. a lion waiting jumps and cuts his throat. >> there are naturals, kind of digital signatures of individuals whose behavior has changed in the project of being radicalized. we can identify people before they cross the line. >> compare those messages to ones sent on logic yack by a

19-year-old university of missouri student. i'm going to stand my ground tomorrow and shoot every black person i see. police say the suspect told them he just wanted to rattle students. as more people around the world turn to social media deciding which threats to investigate could end up being the difference between life and death. >> that's really like finding a needle until the haystack. >> joining us live from washington, d.c. is patrick tucker, technology editor at "defense one" magazine and he's the author of the naked future and from nut to know, massachusetts, j.m. burger, nonresident fellow at the brooks institute and also the author of the isis twitter census. first question to you, mr. tucker. about five months ago there was an internal state memo leaked which declared that isis is winning the social media war versus the u.s.

a coalition of u.s. and key allies couldn't agree on the message or methods even. what do you think of that assessment today? >> i'd say it's in line with what a lot of people have been saying. even under secretary of defense michael lumkin says a lot of efforts that the dod has a component in terms of reaching out on social media to combat the isis message, right now they're thinking to the turn away campaign which is the state department's sort of social media response to isis. that has about 25 people that the entire office that that comes out of is just 65. about 5 people come from the dod. you compare 25 people whose job it is to have some affect on the situation on social media versus, you know, perhaps 46,000, perhaps as many as 90,000 different people that have been counted on twitter alone that have pro-isis

perspective that are able to carry that message, and it begins to look incredibly lopsided. importantly they're very limited in terms of what they can say. whereas different jihadist radicals or cad cal sympathizers can reach out to people individually and have conversations and engage in social media communication. the state department is limited in terms of who it can tweet out and what conversations to get involved in. there's a sentence if you talk to a lot of people they're sop lopsided manning here. as big as it is to combat isis, it's not -- >> mr. tucker, i'm sorry to interrupt you. let me interrupt you there. our other guest has done extensive research on that very area that you're talking about, the methods that isis is able to use and how they're getting their word out. a question to you, mr. berger. in general terms how important is social media and the ability of isil and its organizations to

recruit followers, and tell us something about the sophistication of their work. >> well, the importance of social media really is directly inversely proportional to the distance from isis territory. so if you're in north africa, for instance, you're much more likely to be recruited in person on the ground. there's often a social media component in the united states or canada, it's more important. the efforts are sophisticated. they have a consistent playbook and use sharp tactics to get around somebody when somebody expressing an interest in isis and is exposed to the propoganda. they will circle that person and interact with them heavily to create a sense of community, and then slowly they push them to isolate themselves from their regular community, from the mosque in the neighborhood, from

their family and friends. eventually they'll push that onto a encrypted platform such as what's app or kick or one of several different apps they use. to try and encourage them to do something. >> this suggests that someone or some people in isil who are very well haf -trained with a lot of skills. any idea where that technical expertise is coming from? where is it based? in the middle east or europe? where are they? >> the center of gravity is in raqqa, syria, but the actual people who are doing the work are frequently distributed around the world. so we've seen arrests of people in the united states, for instance, who are very much involved in this recruitment network. also, there's a very heavy presence of people from indonesia and malaysia in the english language recruitment networks. >> so back to you now, mr. tucker. government and private industry, as you've written and others,

constantly monitoring the web looking for the source of the messages, but here's a question. how in the world are they able to pinpoint the source given that they are millions of messages that flow through the web every day probably? is it sort of looking for a needle in a haystack? >> well, to a certain extent. so this is the duality of xhuking with people. you have a propaganda job and messages job or a public clnl to distribute that message and be effective and engage with new recruits. you have to find some secure way to communicate with potential recruits. so you really are doing both things. this is why you see the popularity of services like twitter, but you also see the popularity of encrypted communication methods like what's up and things like that. having said that, there are aspects of isis that aren't

entirely media savvy, too. there's given to mistakes of the platforms than anyone else. back in june one isis sympathizer was in syria. they put on social media a picture of themselves in front of a particular headquarters for that region. hank carlisle, lieutenant head car kyle of the air force said they used that to target that facility within 24 hours. this speaks to the duality of the effort on behalf of the united states government. we want to counter the message, and on the other hand social media and open source social media, which is to say the messages that isis puts up there is a great source of intelligence for us. >> hold that thought. let's look at the slickly produced videos through social media to help recruit new members. if the images and themes appear to be familiar, there's a good reason for it. let's watch this report from our science and technology course

dents jacob ward, and then we pick up the discussion on the other side. >> the techniques that isil used are drawn directly from contemporary media. this is video that they put out in 2014 that captured a jordanian pilot. later they go on to exut him. i won't show you that. it's too horrible. we wouldn't do that. in the lead-up to interviewing him they do graphics and set up the story. later on when they're actually talking to him, there's this sort of affect where they are both interviewing him and zooming out on certain maps above him. it looks very familiar, and that's because you see it all the time in video games, for instance. here is 2009's call of duty. it's one of in a series of games, it's one of the popular video game franchises of all time. it's the same effect, that flashing in on the map. it's worth noting here that later in the game you're called upon to basically shoot up an

airport and execute civilians, a whole crowd of t them. isis is doing this stuff. their propoganda mirrors what we put out in you're media. >> your brookings twitter census identified some 50,000 isil-related accounts in just a t two-month period. what is isil's ability to reach its followers and also to find new followers? >> what b we know about how social media works, you can make a big difference on social media. twitter is user based, monthlily active user base with 228 million people.

40,000 is not much in the scheme of things. when you get into 40,000, 50,000, 60,000 zone if you have people working in concert, they can push a hashtag and make a trend. they can put their mess an message out. what we've seen is there's suspension of acts by twitter and their ability to do that kind of broadcast and that kind of outreach is limited now. they're more talking to each other and it's an echo chamber these days. >> i'm wondering if they think it's beneficial to shut them down or beneficial to keep them open to allow surveillance. >> i think there's a mix. people act liekt like it's all

or nothing. both my research and common sense say there's a middle ground here. at this level they find it difficulty to achieve the objectives nept to achieve. they've become more aware of the operational security and the drone strike that was referenced previously. so, urn, you know it's not a title line, but there's a lot of intelligence to be had there. it's worth managing the activities and keeping them down to a certain level. i think their presence there has operational advantages for us. >> mr. tucker, you have talked about something called docsing. hopefully you can simplify it for viewers like had me? what is it?

>> it's something that hapted recentedly to the head of the cia. it's a revelation of personal information about someone online by somebody who found a record and found some document orbit of personal information about that other person and made it public for everybody. this is something that the isis cyber caliphate, it is an affiliated supporter group. we're not sure how formal their relationship with isis is has toon against u.s. service people. it wasn't hard to do. it didn't involve a breach of a firewall or anything like that. it's just that u.s. service people, particularly some people involved in air strikes, they're regular people like everybody else. they use telephones. they sometimes appear at places and their names get onto lists of people that might show up at a certain place or they have social media accounts. isis was able to use that and publish a list of highly sensitive and not classified names and addresses. this is a new form of war father in the 21st century.

it's startling when you think about it. it's an interesting contrast to the way we now interact with isis in terms of the u.s. military where we're beginning to understand how to target individuals by name and can develop a deep understanding of who they are sometimes before a strike happens and we're going to see that on the on the side because in the 21st century wi create all the data all the time and it's incredibly useful. >> you talked about -- i'm not sure whether you could address this, mr. berger, categorizing different kinds of isis people. they are status seekers, identity seekers, revenge seekers and they're all put in bins and trked in that fashion. is that a fruitful area of enterprise for government officials trying to track them down in. >> i think so.

>> one of the things is twitter is particularly good at this. it simplifies social tractions. there's a 140-character format and you can go in and create types of interactors. the categories were in another piece of research. i wouldn't say you can find that on social media. you can find recruiters and people that are trolls and disseminating information and people who are operational planners so that the belgian sleep sleeper abdelhamid abaaoud killed last week in france had a robust social media presence and we were tracking him in february. you can see how he used social med media. >> j.m. berger and patrick tucker, technology editor at "defense one" magazine, thank you very much for shedding light on a very complicated but important area in the new era of

warfa warfare. thank you for joining us. >> thank you. before we go, let's take a look at some of the other events coming up in the week ahead. french president francois hollande will be in washington on tuesday. he's meeting with president obama about the fight against isil. in belgium after being on trial for almost a month, the church of scientology could be banned from the country this week if it's found guilty of charges including fraud and running a criminal organization. also on tuesday, secretary of state john kerry visits israel and the west bank. the secretary will talk with leaders there about the threat of isil and the recent violence betweens palestinians and israelis. tonight at 10:00, tune in for an al jazeera special presentation, "enemy of enemiee. of the the rise of isil." there are new concerns tonight about a toxic mudflow in

brazil. more than a dozen people are missing and environmental issues are mounting. that story is next. the snow may be ending, but we have other problems. take a look at video that's come in from parts of michigan. with all of the snow up to 17 inches in some spots, and the next problem is going to be the cold air. that is moving down towards the south where warnings are in effect for monday morning.

a toxic mudflow reached the atlantic ocean. it's been flowingdown stream since storage dams burst earlier in month. 11 people died and at least a dozen more are missing. concerns are now raised about its long-term impact. >> reporter: the river turned a murky orange for as far as the eye can see. the change in color is caused by mining waste unleashed after two dams collapsed around an iron ore mine. in two weeks the thick sludge has traveled more than 500 kilometers through southeastern brazil and into the atlantic. >> translator: all we expect now is the death of the river. all of the logistics going on here will not solve our problems. we need a solution. >> reporter: the mine is owned by an australian and brazilian joint venture, which afwreeed to pay more than a quarter of a billion dollars in compensation. the company continues to insist

the mud is not toxic, but those in communities along the river say they're already feeling the effects. >> translator: i'm catching just one or two fish a day now. just recently i was cashing seven. >> reporter: i can't save anything now. you can't throw that water on the cocoa plant. it will dial. we don't know what's in the water. there's nothing we can do. >> reporter: biologists are working to contain the damage. it won't be easy. an estimated 60 million cubic meters of mud was released. >> translator: our objective is to reduce the environmental damage, the negative impact to mitigate the most we can. with regards to who is to blame and other legal proses, that's for the kurts courts. >> reporter: brazil's environment minister said it could take up 30 years to cleese up the basin causing it the country's worst

environmental disaster in history. it looks like it may be a white thanksgiving around much of the midwest. temperatures remain well below freezing in places like chicagoland where a storm dumped 11 inches of snow. that is the biggest november storm to hit the region in 120 years. this weekend nearly 500 flights were canceled at o'hare international. there was lots of shoveling in southern wisconsin where 20 inches of snow fell. those who did not have to shovel, like -- well, he's shoveling, but this guy isn't. they enjoyed the early blast of winter. quite a storm with snowfall stretching all the way from south dakota to michigan. we have more details on the rough weather out there. >> that's right. a lot of snow out there. just the other night chicago had five-hour delays with all those cancellations as well. of course, now we're coming into a holiday weekend, and we have another system we're going to talk about very, very quickly.

let me turn this on. >> you want to use my mic, kevin? >> yeah. give me that one. >> kevin, they cannot hear you. can you pick him up from my mic? okay. try that. >> okay. >> tell you what, kevin. we'll come right back with the weather, which everyone wants to know about. stay with us. we'll be right back after this:

we're going straight to the weather. the system that caused all the snow across the great lakes and northern plains is pushing through. this is additional video out of michigan. this is what it looked like as people were trying to deal with so much snow in some time frames 1 to 2 inches per hour. really causing very slick and dangerous conditions on the roads. because the temperatures stay so low across that area, we don't expect this will melt yan time soon. come back to the wall. this is what the temperatures look like right now. chicago is looking at 23. when you talk about michigan, you talk about 20 or into the high teens in some locations there. overnight it's going to get even colder. the big problem is that cold air is sinking down here towards the south. jackson, mississippi is currently at 38 degrees and we have freeze warnings in place all the way across the gulf coast. this includes just to the north

of lake pontchartrain as well as biloxi and gulfport where temperatures are expected to drop down to 28 degrees this evening and omaha is 31 degrees. now, dallas you saw your coldest air this morning. those temperatures are coming back up. take a look at thanksgiving day. you're going to see thunderstorms with a temperature of 71 degrees. now speaking of all of the travel, we have another system in the making. it doesn't look bad across the east. out west it's a thatsy travel day, and on thanksgiving we expect major thunderstormings here in the central plains. randall. freeze warning on the gulf coast. the weather is upside-down. thanks, kevin. when gunmen attacked restaurants and other targets in paris, they tarnished one of the staples of french culture. the cafes in france are a dream destination for many. parisians are determined to keep that image alive. adam raney has more.

>> a normal site at paris' business troes these days. empty chairs. the drop in traffical at local restaurants worries owners and led to a social media campaign. everyone to the bistro. five restaurants were attacked on friday night. it seems the simple act of being with friends on a terrace made one a target. that's a risk some parisians are willing to live with. >> you know that we love sitting on terraces and we love or life and going out drinking and keep doing it. this is freedom. >> some say the return to old ways will happen but tentatively. >> translator: we're going to continue to live our lives, but taking our time and picking up our habits bit by bit. >> reporter: this american opened this restaurant four years ago. he's seen a major drop in business since the attacks. last tuesday night he had 57 reservations. now tonight a week later, only 17.

he employs 28 people and buys from local farmers. >> we have less people to serve, and there's less money coming in. all of that is going to be affected. >> tuesday we visited a bartha sits across the street from one of the restaurants attacked on friday. the owner was promoting the bistro campaign. his regulars were back, too, and a nearly full house. it's important for the owner of the restaurant to have it full of people and life he says, because just four days ago a block away 19 people were shot dead while having dinner. hard to believe such a grizzly scene played out just steps away. >> if we are closed, life will stop. >> reporter: he seemed to prepared to make sure that doesn't happen. adam raney, al jazeera, paris. thank you for joining us. i'm randall pinkston in new york. i'll be back with another hour of news at 11:00 p.m. eastern.

stay tuned for fault lines coming up next and keep up on aljazeera.com. >> on august 3rd 2014 us and afghan special operations forces deployed to charkh district about sixty miles south of kabul to clear taliban from the area. there's nothing unusual about this. us special operations forces often accompany afghan soldiers on these sorts of missions.