147 heads of state gather in paris for the u.n. climate change conference. hello. this is al jazeera live from doha. also ahead we report on the devastating impact of industrialisation in china's most polluted city. an israeli court convicts two israelis of killing a palestinian teenager. a third has entered an insanity plea. the pope gives a message of

peace in the republic of africa. world leaders are gathering in paris for the oft n climate conference. it is the start of two weeks of intense negotiations aimed at forging a deal to limit globe app warming to 2 degrees c. 1477 heads of state and government are attending the opening day of the talks. in total 250 thousand official delegates are hoping to get a binding accord for every country to cut emissions. this needs to come into effect in 2020 when current commitments to the kyoto protocol cease. why are heads of state attending the first day rather than the end of this conference? >> reporter: that's all about boosting momentum because the spectre of copenlagen hangs over everyone here.

there was so much hope and expectation for that to secure a deal but that ended in failure. nobody wants that to head here. normally they come at the end, but they're coming at the beginning to give it a boost. president obama will be talking and also president xi jinping because they could be potential spoilers in this climate deal that they're seeking to try and find. we're looking at this target of 2 degrees celsius. we're not going to get that here. 183 countries out of 195 have submitted what they're prepared to do to reduce emissions. it's not enough. it's going to hit 3 degrees. so they need to try and ratchet those commitments up and figure out a way of getting the temperature down to the 2 degrees level. also there's a big deal here on climate finance. it's 100 billion dollars a year was promised to come into effect

in 2020. there's no sign of it yet. that has to be sorted out. wrapping this thing in a legally binding agreement, lots of countries don't agree that that is the way forward. the u.s. is one of those. finally, a lot of people want to sisi zero carbon by 2050. a lot of people don't want to see that. there will be debate about all these things in the coming day thanks for that. now to beijing in the chinese capital. >> reporter: it has been the most polluted day here so far this year. the government was forced to issue an orange pollution alert only red is higher. the air quality here has been truly appalling today. it has exceed world health

organisation safety limits by some 15 times. the air quality index, as measured by the u.s. consulate here in beijing, shows a reading of more than 500 right now, more than a 100 is considered dangerous. so the air quality at the moment is rated as hazardous. the reason why it has been so bad today as it is the onset of winter now, people have been burning coal to heat their homes. this is still a country that very dependent on coal. the great challenge for china at these climate talks in paris is how to get the balance with its dependence on coal and the promise to reduce pollution here. a few days ago i went to a city with an ununenviable reputation, now the most polluted place in china. balding in north-east china is a grim place in winter. more so now because the air

quality in this industrial city has just been ranked the worst in china, which makes it among the worst in the world. in the first five months of this year it had just 16 days when the air quality was considered goodbye the country's-- good by the country's environmental watchdog. >> translation: the air was very good before. when hoofs a kid, the sky was very blue. now the smog is very serious-- i was a kid >> translation: in the old days, the winter was cold. you could see the sun and now you can barely see it >> reporter: the sun was struggling to shine on the day we visited. government leaders have this year declared a war on pollution and have already made some painful decisions here. >> translation: the central government shut this factory to curb pollution because we produced a lot of waste water and emissions. now we have to find a new

location for the factory >> reporter: more than thousand men and women lost their jobs when the government ordered this plant to close back in may. it had been one of the biggest producers of polyester, but it was also one of the biggest polluters. pollution in this city is a sensitive issue. there are signs that balding is trying to clean up its act and revent itself. it has been designated a low carbon city, a hubs for low greenhouse emitter. >> translation: we have made a great contribution to the economy. we have more than 20,000 employees and have created many working opportunities for local people. >> reporter: the technology is not totally clean thousand because solar manufacturing needs coal fired prayer from the

grid >> translation: we still need electricity to make our products. the electricity is still generated from a traditional energy like coal, but we are a responsible enterprise. we properly handle the waste water and emissions. >> reporter: a start has been made here for china's transition to a green economy is likely to be a long one well, china's pollution problem, of course, has been linked to hundreds of thousands of deaths every year. this is the world's biggest emitter of greenhouse gasses. china says that it hopes that those emissions would have peaked by 2030, but that still means we're going to have many more days like the ones we had experienced today. china is investigating a-- investing a lot of money in renewable technology. it has spent more than 115 billion u.s. dollars on solar and wind power it says. that is a huge amount of money

and it says that by 2020 it hopes that 20% of this country's energy needs will come from renewables. it's a start, but it's going to be a very long journey many thanks. adrian brown live in bray ginning two israeli men accused of killing a teenager last year have been found guilty. he was kidnapped in east jerusalem and then burnt alive. with the latest on this awful case. give us the details that's right. the session has now ended. the two minors involved in the killing have been found guilty. the main ring leader ben david, his lawyer at the last minutes submitted an insanity plea. he was found responsible by the judge, but his sentencing his verdict has been delayed until

20 december to review this. of course, that is controversial here when you speak to palestinians on the street because he is seen as the main man and they also never feel that any israeli who is convicted or makes a crime against palestinians is ever faced justice. this is causing some issues on the street. at the moment this is what we know. it's not really welcomed here, even though the two minors have been found guilty, they haven't been sentenced yet. the main ring leader no verdict as to his culpablity in this plea. some people will say they submitted it incredibly late. it should have been submitted during the trial. it has been almost a year and a half to get to this point. there's a lot of anger certainly at how things have played out today many thanks there. i.s.i.l. is executing 7 syrians a day aon average according to a

new report. more than 3500 prisoners were killed since the group took control last year. they were accused of offences such as homosexuality, many were beheaded, stoned or burned alive. europe pean nations tighter their borders, many refugees trying to escape syria are finding a new home in sudan. the welcome they receive there is different to other parts of the world >> reporter: this store of this man is the same as many who have led syria. >> translation: in the morning we heard shelling. my son, a young man of 25, was sleeping in his bed and a shell hit the front of our house smashing all the window and the glass fell on my son. he almost died, but god protected him. >> reporter: she made up her mind to escape aleppo and join thousands of others heading for jordan, but one of her sons who

were working in sudan said they didn't need visas to go there. in this quiet courtyard kitchen she gets paid for preparing traditional syrian stuffed vine leaves, chicken and sweets. most customers are sudanese. she gets food parcels and financial support from others. >> translation: syrian businessmen in sudan met and decided to set up this office and the fund to support the syrian families entering the country. if they earns 2 or 3000 pounds a month, and it costs 3000, we try to pay the extra thousand. >> reporter: it's different to other areas. sudan allows syrians to state health care and education.

the sudanese government estimates up to 45,000 syrians have arrived since the start of the conflict. the u.s. is accepting ten thousand. sudan has its own problems, tribal fighting continues, but for many syrians it is still better than their own country. >> translation: they give you the picture of sudan as a backward difficult place. when we arrived at the airport, we saw that it is a civilised place. it has universities and education, good communications, it's a beautiful civilization >> reporter: the u.n. says it has registered around 1400 refugees in sudan since the start of 2014. the numbers may rise and that could put an extra strain asudan's welcome still to come on the program, more than two million south africary cans are living in temporary government shelters despite a promise of sustainable

housing for all. we will tell you why. plus we're live in plus we're live in burkina faso where they're counting the votes of the election.

>> our american story is written everyday. it's not always pretty, but it's real... and we show you like no-one else can. this is our american story. this is america tonight. hello again. the top stories. 14 p world leaders are gathering in paris for the u.n. climate conference. it's the start of two weeks of intense negotiations to forge a deal to limit global warming to 2 degree c. two israeli men accusing of

killing a teenager last year were found guilty. the third has a claim of insanity. monitors say that i.s.i.l. has executed more than 3500 people since it took control of syria last year. they were offences such as homosexualsity. many were stoned or burned alive. votes are being counted in burkina faso. hundreds of thousands of people turned out to cast their ballot. blaise comparore was ousted after 27 years in power. the results are beginning to trickle in. what are they indicating? >> reporter: the results have been trickle in from burkina

faso over night. they're tallying those results. they have put together a tally for a little besanko than 50% of the votes and they have declared so far roch mark kabore, a former prime minister here, has taken a lead. he is closely followed by a man who used to be the finance minister of this country zephirin diabre. mr kabre seems to be taking a lead. any one winning in the first round has to get 51% of the votes. that is being determined right now is it fair to say, it

doesn't really matter who wins the elections, what's more important here was the fact that people were able to vote in a free and fair election for the first time in a very long time. >> reporter: yes, bead. that might seem like nothing to many people across the world, but for the people of burkina faso it's a huge deal. these people have never seen this in their country. there have been six coups since 1960 and for the first time people will be seeing a peaceful transfer, democratic transfer of power, and this is a huge deal for the people of burkina faso. elections are also going to bring to an end the transition of position that was put in place by blaise comparore.

there was a coup in september that pushed back the elections from october to now. people feel that the economy of this country, which has been poor to begin with, suffered under this transitional period, and that the elections will herald a new era people are confident that whoever wins this election, it will have brought about real change in burkina faso? >> reporter: yes, indeed. what gives them a lot of hope is the absence of an incoming president, blaise comparore, who has dominated politics in this country for the last 27 years. a man who had done almost whatever he wished in this country. so what the people - some of the young men we've been speaking to

in the last few days says they don't care who comes in as president, as long as the will of the people is respected. they say if the government doesn't serve the public, then they know that they have something to turn back to, something to fallback on to which is people power and they can easily remove whoever comes into power reporting live, thank you. pope francis has brought a message of peace to the central african public on the final stop of his tour. he urged muslims and christians to lay down their weapons. >> reporter: a tight schedule, but security was only as tight as the roman catholic leader would allow. he made a point of getting up close and personal with people in the country torn by conflict and poverty >> translation: at first we thought it was a dream, but then

it became a reality. we're all happy about his arrival >> reporter: he has visited some of the youngest and sickest in the hospital. >> translation: my wish for you and for all central afterry cans is peas, great peace among you. live in peace. >> reporter: years of political issues with lots of fights. more than a hundred people have been killed in only the last few months. >> translation: all those who make unjust use of weapons of the world, lay down these instruments of death, arm yourself instead with rateeousness. >> reporter: there r900 troops stationed there. 50 local sol soldiers deployed

and 2000 peacekeepers to watch over him. we need to facilitate the work of - to bring people together to rebuild social cohesion, to rebuild a kind of hope and also to call the attention of the world. >> reporter: thousands of muslims are stuck in the pk five neighborhood of bongee surrounded by armed christian groups. the pope plans to visit them too later on monday. a final push for peace at the end of an african tour more than five thousand people are attending a summit in johanesberg to make the country's more living. there is a backlog of two million homes.

>> reporter: this is one of hundreds of informal settlement dotting the country's landscape. these are the only housing option for many who can't afford many in the western cape. this land belongs to the south africary can agency which plans to build a road through it. that piece of land opened, not fenced, and when the people went to there land, the city were supposed to have sent settlement, or supposed to have se sent. >> reporter: last year over 800 people were evicted from the property and housed in a local place. they have returned to homes providing with water and some sanitation. those who were not provided for moved back here illegally stretching already limited

resources. there are 14 informal settlements just like this one in this area alone. residents say there's a desperate need for housing and as long as they have nowhere to go this is where they will stay, despite facing eviction. >> reporter: this man and his family have been living here for almost two years. he has been told he will be relocated to a new site this month. they have broke promise. they promised to put electricity here. they didn't do that. the only promise that they kept, they put the trailers which is less than that for their promise. >> reporter: rapid urbanisation means houses for the poor are not being built fast enough. according to the housing development agency an estimated 1.6 million households in informal settlements. after 20 years of investing

in 2 to 3 million hourss around the country, they realised that the model of building one house at a time is not sustainable. the other constraint is the private sector hasn't worked out a model. >> reporter: the government has promised to build 1.5 millions homes. we need descent houses, water and sanitation. >> reporter: he is just one of millions of south africary cans waiting for their dream to come true in the newspapers and on the web, unmanned drones could soon be delivering your shopping. that's not just a fanciful idea. the online retailer amazon has a proceed toe type at a can indeed deliver small parcels and it can fly for up to 24 kilometres. u.s. aviation officials are

going to allow drone use over the next 12 months. wall walmart as well are developing drones to deliver small packages the government and opposition have agreed to support a deal that will eliminate tariffs on 73 billion dollars worth of south korean aexperlites to china. india is trying to convert massive amounts of gold held privately in temples and people's homes into cash. it began issuing goldbach bonds on monday which seem to be selling well, but the indian public doesn't seem to be buying into some of the government's other gold schemes. >> reporter: gold is big business in india. it is used in daily life and on special occasions. as security and a sign of

prosperity. now the government wants some of that wealth to be put into the financial system. it has created several new mechanisms such as depositing gold in exchange for interest. but people here will need some persuading to hand over this most precious of metals, even those who think it's a good idea >> translation: it sounds good, but most people don't know about it. we will only put our gold in if we believe our family will difficult from the scheme >> reporter: gold holds a special significance in indian culture. it is far from being a mere commodity. >> translation: here they want to be able to touch and feel gold in their hands and be able to see it. it's not just gold, it's the god es. people care of their gold. there's a tradition of mothers apassing on to their daughters. >> reporter: that's why some of the gold programs haven't caught on. getting indians to part with

their gilded hasn't been easy. less than 500 grams have been collected so far. with the other gold assessed having had a luke warm reception. the government is still pushing to push gold into money for the economy because of the potential benefits. >> reporter: indian temples and homes hold an estimated 20,000 metric tonnes of gold words about 800 billion dollars of the analysts believe even a fraction of that if put into the financial system will make india one of the world top economies. they say the government program isn't working. >> translation: the regular bank deposits rate is between 7 and 8 paras.but the government's gold deposit rate is 2.5%. that's too low. if it was higher, maybe the scheme would be successful. the government also wants people to convert 22 carrot aaron meant in 20 carrots.

the labor charges are being born by the government. the government has-- may the customer. this is why it is not working >> reporter: any gold being deposited would first have to be melted down and proceed saysed at the owner's expense of the that along with widespread ignorance about the gold programs means most people aren't able to weigh the programs benefits to themselves or to the country finally a memorial has been held for the man see as the first rugby super star, new zealander. his all black team mates honored him with a traditional h a.k. aa. thousands of people gathered in auckland's stadium for the service. he died on november 18 at the age of 40. he was the star of the 1995

rugby record cup. due to his combination of size, speed and power, that same year he was diagnosed with a kidney condition which is thought to have contributed to his death. much more news from al jazeera at our website, aljazeera.com largest oil and gas producer, in part because of what's happening here in north dakota, where advances in fracking have unlocked crude oil in the bakken shale formation in the western part of the state. north dakota is now producing more than a million barrels of oil a day. ten years ago there were fewer than 200 oil-producing wells in the bakken. now there are more than 8,000. >> they call it boomtown usa this is where all the money is. it's crazy the amount of money you can make here. >> this rapid pace of development and the flood of workers coming here, has given north dakota the