and we are ready to share all information with any party to satisfy, to convince, to explain our position and again i want to express for clear position of nato and clear position of secretary-general personally, yesterday i had a chance to meet with eu leaders here in brussels and again i want to express our thanks to all nato allies, expressing the solidarity with turkey. thank you very much. >> first question turkey. >> secretary-general from turkey the prime minister has talked a little bit about it but there is a lot of separation in europe in russian press that turkey did not give the correct information about the flight, that there was no air space infringement et cetera and a lot of speculation on that, can you tell us if turkey was transparent enough

and really in the meetings in the past that all the members are united behind turkey, thank you? >> turkey has shared a lot of information with nato and nato allies and also had a special meeting of the north atlantic county where turkish ambassador went to all the information and all the details connected to the incident last week. and the information that we have also from other sources is consistent with turkish assessment about what happened last week and i think what we have seen under line sir and what we have stated several times and that is the concern related to all the increased activity and presence of russian military capabilities in syria

and of course to nato borders. turkey has its right to defend itself and turkey has the right to defend its air space and my message now is that a welcome all on any context between moscow and antara and the important thing is to calm the tensions and i think also the incidents last week or so under lines the importance of us focusing on the mechanisms to avoid these kind of incidents in the future and if this happens again to do what we can to prevent them from escalating and coming out of control. >> second and last question bbc. >> bbc question and first of all

prime minister president putin asked for an apology from turkey, will you apologize and question for secretary-general as a nato member do you believe there are grounds for turkey to apologize for the incident that killed the pilot? >> first of all let me say i found my government last week the same day when russia was the planes violated our air space. as prime minister of a nation which has dignity and as the prime minister of the new government which received 49.5% support during the last election which is a record i can say that the protection of our air space, land border is not only a right but for the government and no turkish prime minister or president or authority will

apologize because of committing and doing this. turkish air space protection with turkish air space and borders is a national liberty and our army meet their job to protect this air space but if russian side wants to talk and wants to prevent any future unintentional event like this we are ready to talk anything. if they want information from us which we have provided we can give any information regarding technical details of this incident. if they want to improve relations and normalize relations in all sense we are ready to talk but no country can ask us to apologize because of doing our job. i followed the news regarding economic sanctions and other measures declared by russia,

here i am saying that in the past we were all against economic sanctions and there during the previous crisis turkey had a principal position like today and russia was against economic sanctions themselves now, it is not consistent, it is contradictory to use the same measure against turkey and criticized by then when other countries are so in ukraine. economic relations is based on mutual interests. and any other new measures we will approach very calmly and we will not escalate the tension, we will never do anything which will be seen negatively by russian people, russian people is a friendly people to turkish people. they want for many of them it's

like second home. we expect russia and france to come to turkey in a friendly manner as tourist and turkey is home for russian tourists and for economic relations. we hope russia will reconsider these reactions and these measures which will be against our interest and at last i want to underline we are ready to talk and ready to share everything and ready to discuss for our future relations which is an asset for both countries but our military did their job when they protected our air space. it is our air space and our border is an issue of nation security and more an issue of dignity for us. >> so many nato allies and nato has expressed several times

concern about the increased military presence of russia in the region and what we saw last week is not the first example of violation of turkish air space by russian planes. and, as i said, the information that we have is consistent with the information i got from turkey but our focus now is on deescalating the situation and calming tensions and we would welcome direct context between ankara and moscow and, again, it is the sovereign right of turkey to defend its own air space and territorial integrity and we will discuss tomorrow at the foreign minister meeting in nato how we can strength and develop

to deescalate and reduce risks and to do what we can to prevent similar events to happen in the future and if they happen we have to do what we can to avoid them spiralling out of control and therefore our focus is on deescalation to calm the tensions. >> thank you very much, this concludes this press conference, thank you. >> 11 gmt these are pictures from brussels, nato and prime minister talking about turkey shooting down the russian plane last week and says he has no intention of escalating the situation further and he is ready to talk to prevent further incidents, let's go live to our correspondent bernard smith in istanbul and also listening in and turkey may be ready to talk to russia but hearing that russia is not ready to talk to

turkey. >> no, the kremlin we understand has said there will be no meeting with putin or erdogan the turkish president on the sidelines at the cop 21 summit in paris and they hoped to meet putin there but it's not going to happen and putin says he will not speak to erdogan until we got an apology and you just heard in the press conference there is not going to be an apology from turkey and they are saying we are not giving apology for doing our jobs and essentially support in that stance from the nato secretary-general, laura. >> also, we are hearing, we have been hearing the past few days bernard that the russians are going to slap sanctions on turkey and tell us what the sanctions involve and how we are seeing turkey react? >> well, the sanctions that

turkey faces are not going to come or put in place we understand until january so for the moment it's pretty much business as usual because the two countries, certainly on the economic and trade-in terms of fruit and vegetables that would go from turkey to russia, the gas that turkey relies on most of it is gas for turkey comes from russia and most already has been paid for and of course winter is just about arriving here in turkey so there is no immediate threat to the gas supplies to turkey. there are problems with visa restrictions now imposed on turks going to russia and there is also this threat to tourists, russian tourists coming to turkey and he is saying he hopes they come back and we are in the off season now and not immediate impact about it but it's the

summer season that everybody would be concerned about and this is a very, very popular destination turkey's coast very popular for russian tourists so turkey is worried about that but no immediate impact from those sanctions, they would start to bite if they go ahead from january, laura. >> fall out from shooting the plane rumbles on and thanks very much for the details there from istanbul. let's take you now to the top story of the day world leaders arriving in paris for the u.n. climate conference there at cop 21, it's the start of two weeks of intense negotiations that are aimed at forging a deal to limit global warming in order to prevent potentially dangerous climate change and have 147 heads of state and government attending the opening day today of the talks. in total 25,000 official delegates are hoping to secure a legally binding accord for every

country to cut their carbon emissions and means coming into effect 2020 when the current protocol run out and heads of states attending the talks include those from the world's biggest polluters and china and united states and russia. opening the conference and france asked to work together for a strong agreement. >> translator: i have myself visited countries most effected by climate change. i come back to the same conviction. we must ensure sustainable and equitable development without compromising limited resources of our planet, these are matters we need to deal together. >> nick clark is in paris and keeping across all the events that are happening there and nick it is a hugely significant

conference, can you fill us in why we are seeing the leaders arriving however at the beginning where normally they only come in at the end? >> that's right, that is a real buzz of expectation here and not a little hope because they really need this to happen this time and we go back to copenhagena disaster and failure then and do not want that to take place here and pulling out the stops and it's precisely to give it momentum and arriving all morning and due to start speaking any second now and are all gathering, president obama was supposed to be speaking right now and clearly a delay which is no surprise at these events and also hearing from the chinese president xi jinping and also modi will be focusing on and president putin from russia but all the leaders more than 140 leaders are going to speak

and relegated to three minutes and i don't know and the why things are going it could be some time yet before we come to them. what is at stake here and the aim is this two degrees celsius and we are not going to get there this time. what they are trying to do is get on the road to reach that target somewhere down the line. all the countries were 183 countries out of 195 countries proposed what they can do to reduce carbon e makemissions an it's not enough and have to ratchet it up and there is a question of whether or not any deal here will be legally binding and a lot of countries don't want it to be the united states for one and the u.n. climate chief yesterday said it's all about the legally binding mess of the agreement so it's kind of wavering, it's going to be a lot of debate over the next ten days or so. >> speaking to a lot of experts

there and none the least as david and give us an idea of what happens should temperature levels rise above two degrees celsius. >> well, it's already happening and arctic in 2012 was record year for retreat of the ice and glaciers are melting and at the last conference i was there and we did some filming high up in the andies and 5,000 meters and it will kilometer backup the mountain and extreme weather conditions are already apparent and nobody can pin a single weather event on climate change and has to be a trend but the trend appears to be more extreme weather events and like we have seen in the philippines and wild fires across the world. >> leave you there for a moment as the world leaders finish up

their family photo and crossing back to you if and when we hear obama talking and a number of world leaders there in paris today and nick did mention the philippines of being one of the front lines of climate changes, capitol manila on the coastal cities and suffer most should sea levels rise because of climate change and is in a tropical and sub tropical region and should expect storms, droughts and other extreme weather conditions, all of this will affect crops and therefore food prices as well as water and electricity supplies and we have more. >> over the last 20 years the philippines has seen the most number of extreme weather events of anywhere in the world and the country is a direct path of typhoons in the pacific and are saying that climate change is making them stronger and more unpredictable as it is more than 20 already on average strike the

country but for example in 2013 the strongest typhoon on record up until that time cut across the central islands and left millions homeless and also left more than 6,000 people dead, the country is still recovering from the effects of that typhoon. the president of the philippines is speaking in paris and not only asking for the more developed nations to cut down on their emissions but also contribute to funding that poorer nations like the philippines which are more vulnerable to climate change will need to help make communities here that are most effective more resilient to the even effects of damage through weather conditions. two israeli men accused of killing a palestinian teen last year have been found guilty, a third suspect and alleged ring leader was found responsible but court delayed a verdict for him unless they consider his insanity plea and 16-year-old

mohamed was kidnapped in east jerusalem and then burned alive and this is what the lawyer representi representing his family had to say after the court session. >> translator: we have to wait for the court verdict which has been postponed and israeli court could have easily responded to time to the suspect's plea of insanity. >> more from outside the court in east jerusalem. >> taken almost a year and a half for this partial verdict to be reached and two minors guilty of committing the murder but the main ring leader 30-year-old man his lawyers at the last hour submitted an insanity plea so the court is now saying a final verdict on his case will come on the 20th of december but a lot of disappointment here and spoke to the lawyer of the family who sees this as a manipulation and what he tells us is that at the time of the arrest ben david

actually went through how he planned and reenacted the entire murder so he says there was no indication that he was insane and a very clear, planned meticulous action there and also an issue here of course is how palestinians perceive this the street and very skeptical that any justice will be done to israelis accused of committing crimes against palestinians and we will will to wait how this all plays out and question how the two minors will be sentenced and recently a law passed effecting palestinian minors with maximum of 13 years and question is will they be treated in the same way, verdict of the minors january the 13th and if ben david the main ring leader gets sentenced it will happen on that date. pope francis brought a message of piece in the central african republic in the final stop of the tour and visited a divided neighborhood and urged both christians and muslims to

lay down their weapons and gerald tan reports. >> reporter: a highly symbolic visit under intense security, pope francis ventures into a volatile area of bongi to convey a message of peace and pk 5 neighborhood is surrounded by armed christians group and pontiff asked for it to end and said they are brothers and repeated the calls from sunday. >> translator: my wish for you and for all central africans is peace. great peace among you, live in peace. >> reporter: years of political division and violence in central african republic with muslim and christian malitias fighting each other and human rights watch says more than 100 killed in just the last few months. >> translator: all those who make unjust use weapons of the world lay down the instruments of death, arm yourself instead with righteousness. >> reporter: this is the pope's

final stop in the three-country african tour goes to uganda and despite security warnings from the french who have 900 troops stationed there and 500 soldiers deployed and 3,000 u.n. peace keepers on the visit. >> we need his message to facilitate the work and to bring people together, to repeal social coercion and to reveal a hope and also to call the attention of the words. >> reporter: this is the first time a head of the roman catholic church visited an active conflict zone and some call a chance for hope during troubled times. gerald tan, al jazeera. a judge in new guinea will decide if a prison set up for refugees is legal and the jail was used to hold people seeking asylum in australia and criticized the way detainees are

held and we report from manus island. >> journalists and cameras are ban but by boat you can get close to the manus island processing center. what is more accurately a prison for nearly a thousand men is right only the coast. the refugees locked inside want to talk and more have bribed cleaners and guards for phones, what do you think is going to happen? >> i learned there is not such a hope. this world is deleted in my vocabulary and have seen people religious before and are now atheist because if there was a god we would be saved by now because we are human, and not animals. >> reporter: it was a deterrent long with another for families in another pacific island country and people taking boats seeking asylum would be deported at sea or taken to poorer

countries with no prospect of living in australia and it worked and the boats have almost entirely stopped coming to australia but the legacy is people are still locked up in there more than two years after arriving on australian soil. we did manage to drive past security guards and through the facility, those we have talked to say conditions inside are terrible. in the past prisoners have sewn their lips together in protest and last year during unrest inside outsiders broke in and beat one man to death. about 50 men, the first assessed as genuine refugees have been released and live in a nearby transit center and it's still guarded but can leave and walk to the local town. but so far only one man has left manus island altogether and he was an engineer in iran and says he fled after uncovering corruption, australian friend bought him a ticket to the capitol and about to start a

low-paying job. >> i'm happy i could live there to here but i'm getting out of a terrible to a bad situation and at the moment i'm in a bad situation. >> reporter: too poor and too much crime and people on manus hope a legal course will go their way if they say the prisonment is unconstitutional. >> asking for release of asylum seekers back to australia and asking the australia government to compensate them. >> reporter: australia's government spent hundreds of millions of dollars for taking it refugees and has been worth it it says and the policy has been a success but those locked up don't see it in quite the same way, andrew thomas, al jazeera, manus island. european countries tighten their borders many refugees trying to escape the fighting in

syria are finding a new home in sudan and the welcome there is different than other parts of the world. >> reporter: story is similar to many who have fled syria. >> translator: in the morning we had shellings, my son a young man of 25 was sleeping in miss bed and the shell hit the front of the house and smashing the windows and glass fell on my son and almost died but god protected him. >> reporter: she made up her mind to escape aleppo and join thousands of others going to jordan but one of her sons said syrians don't need visas to go there and this is not her real name and doesn't want to be identified, in quiet kitchen she gets prepared for preparing vine leaves and chichen and sweets and most are suedenese and a

program to help people like her. >> translator: business men met and decided to set up the office and the fund to support the syrian families entering the country so for 3,000 or 2000 pounds per month and costs 3,000 we try to pay the extra 1,000. >> reporter: it's a sharp contrast to the reception they are getting in europe, fences, police and freezing winter weather. sudan allows syrians state healthcare and education and according to the u.n. the government estimating up to 45,000 syrians arrived since the start of the conflict, the u.s. is accepting 10,000. sudan has its own problems and tribal fighting continues in darfur but it's still better

than their own country. >> translator: they give you a picture as a backward difficult case and when we arrived at the airport we saw it's a civilized place with university and education, good communications, malls, a beautiful civilization. the u.n. says it registered around 1400 syrian as refugees in sudan since the start of 2014 but as the violence in syria intensifies the numbers may rise and that could put a strain on sudan's welcome, rob with al jazeera. people in the pakistan islamabad voting in local elections and the first time they have gone to the polls since 1979 and that means they will have local representation rather than being governed by the interior ministry and kamal has more. >> reporter: for the first time in the history of islamabad the people are coming out to participate in the local government elections. the last time such elections was

held were back in 1979 and that was only in the rural areas. back then the population of islamabad was under half a million but today it has grown to almost two million. the people will be electing their mayor and deputy mayors who will then sit on the islamabad corporation and means these people will have a greater say as to what happens in their neighborhoods and their localities. >> translator: the people here are contesting these elections and are people from our own communities who know better about our problems and can fight for our rights. >> translator: these elections are important because we elect people from within our own community and the people who are elected for national and assemblies do not know about our problems. >> reporter: importantly the political parties are also participating but the people of islamabad are experiencing a new

trend that they too will have a greater say in what happens within their city, this is after all a country which is deeply divided. something that you can see from the various political banners, but it is also a sign of strength that the people can participate in choosing their elected representatives to solve their problems. summit held in johannesberg to improve the cities and provided free housing for millions for years and a backlog of too little homes and forcing people to live in poorly built settlements and we report. >> reporter: one of hundreds of informing settlement dotting south africa's landscape and the shacks are the only housing option for many who cannot afford better here in the western cape. but this land belongs to the south african national roads agency which plans to build a

road through it. >> that bit of land was open, and when the people went to occupy the land, the city were supposed to have sent law enforcement or send our way or send authority itself. >> reporter: last year over 800 people e vicked from the property and housed in a local community ward and they temporarily returned about half of them to their homes providing them with water and some sanitation. but those not provided for moved back here illegally stretching already limited resources and 14 informal settlements just like this one in the area alone and residents say there is desperate need for housing and with no where to go and he and his yemily have been living here two