>> the global fight againstclim. more world leaders than ever are in paris to discuss it but will they deliver on their promises? hello there, i'm julie mcdonald, this is al jazeera live from london. also coming up: turkey's prime minister tells nato allies. his country was right to shoot down a russian jet. a court no israel delivers verdicts against two israelis

for killing a palestinian. hello there, a very warm welcome to the program. the u.s. president has used his speech at the start of the u.n. climate conference to call for a meaningful deal on climate change, saying the next generation is watching. world leaders have gathered at the conference known as cop 21. they will take part in two weeks of intense negotiations, they're aim, of forging a deal for global warming and hopefully avoid disastrous climate change. in total, 25,000 official delegates are hoping to secure a illegalllegally binding accord.

coming into 2020, when currently commitments from the kyoto protocol pla play out. nick clark is there. plenty more optimism is an. >> reporter: there certainly is, a mood of expectation in the back of people's minds, what happened in copenhagen in 2009, there was a lot of speculation, that collapsed in abject failure and nobody wants to have that happen here. that's why we have seen the world leaders arrive at the beginning, because at the copenhagen conference, seeking that eloou elusive climate deal.

getting 147 world leaders to sit down to record the moment for posterity is almost as hard as getting consensus on how to battle climate change. this time there is a sense things could be different. >> parties must mark a decisive turning point. we need the world to know that we are headed to a low emissions climate resilient future and there is no going back. >> reporter: all the leaders took the floor. before long, u.s. president barack obama was at the podium. >> i've come here personally, as the leader of the world's largest economy and the second largest emitter, to say that the united states of america not only recognizes our role in creating this problem, we embrace our responsibility to do something about it. >> reporter: whoin china was thchina was thevillain in 2009,n

provision ves been made. >> translator: it is important to respect differences between countries, in domestic policies, policy building. legitimate needs to reduce poverty and improve their people's living standards. >> reporter: this time questions are being asked about india's role. negotiators there fear accepting a climate change agreement could impact the nation's prosperity as it brings millions out of poverty. >> strong carbon footprint and the world's billions at the bottom of the development ladder are seeking space to grow. so the choices are not easy. >> reporter: so the preliminaries are drawing to a close. we've had a number of grand

political statements by the leaders, hope is, they will be backed up by their negotiators. there is still much to be done. >> we want our political leaders to recognize that they have dragged their feet for too long. too many lives have been lost, too much of fertile land has been destroyed, too much drought acknowledge and they have to play catchup now. >> reporter: long days and nights ahead as now hard work begins. well, let's get a view of what's been going on today. we can speak to sylvia holton and world vision works in countries all around the world as well as the effects of climate change. we'll talk about that in a minute but first of all, what where today's speeches? how did you sense they went and what they amendment? >> i must say i'm a bit optimistic. because the speeches in the end were very positive. and i think heads of state have recognized that climate change has a big impact.

and has a big impact on their population. so i really hope that there will be a strong agreement. but the thing is, we can't force them to do what they have said they want to do. so it's an obligation. it's a moral obligation to do. >> do you think in a sense that they've said all the right things but it is the case of getting them implementand making sure the countries do the right thing. there this is just the peak. i think the most important time is coming after paris. we see the impact of an issue right now on the ready, but the government has to act and have to do really strong action. >> reporter: what's your sense, you say you're optimistic, again in two weeks time do you think we'll move ahead with a deal? >> i think because they already see the impact in their

countries, people are suffering, with children already dying, and el nino has an impact in out of africa in the east of africa in asia, in america, yeah, so we see the impact with our own eyes. so that's why i'm really optimistic that they really start action. >> will you be applying pressure as an organization to try and make things happen? >> we are always talking to the politicians. so we have a strong advocacy department as though we are always talking to them and putting pressure on them. but the pressure also comes from the situation in the country. if we don't act now, we will see 200 million people fleeing from their home cubs because you can't live there anymore.

>> huge number, very troubling indeed. good to get your perspective on this. day 1 is nearly done, the real business startle on tuesday. starts on tuesday. >> turkey is refusing to apologize for the shooting down of a russian plane on the syrin border. but it has reiterated its desire to talk with the russians he says turkey was protecting sniflt shootinprotectingitself e plane. >> on 24th of november, clearly does not rest with turkey by any means. we have no intention whatsoever to escalate the situation. we are ready to talk at every

level in order to prevent further similar cases on turkey's syrian border, i'm underlying, this is turkish syrian border. not the border of any other country. >> well nadim baba has more now from brussels. >> reporter: these comments are really the first time that an american official has gone on the record and so explicitly stated that the u.s. has data backing up turkey's version of events on november 24th, saying that the russian plane had in fact entered russian air space. until now they had not been so forthright, although they offered turkey their full support. just before the ambassador spoke, there was a k between the two countries and there, did say

clearly that all nato allies fully support turkey's right to defend its territorial integrity, and air space, at the same time welcoming supplement of direct negotiation. they seem to still be pretty much severed right now. >> two israelis have been found guilty of killing a teenage is suspect. a third is yet to be located.

>> a last-minute guilty plea. the two minors were found guilty of murder but authorities need to assess ben david's state of mind at the time. >> we're surprised with this last-minute insanity plea. the suspect's lawyers have delayed his final verdict. it's manipulation. you can't get away with this crime which he enacted in detail for the police. we do not believe he was insane. >> the three israelis took mohammed abu hidar, they beat him and burned him alive in the forest. after arrest they said they did it in retaliation for the murder of three teenage settlers in the occupied west bank a month before. the murder i ignited the

palestinian street. spiral of violence that many believe sparked israel's war against gaza last summer. security was tight but kept the verdict being reached and how will the two miles an hours be sentenced? >> politicallians say they have very little faith in the system. hardly ever held to account. the final verdict for the ring leader will be announced in three weeks and the sentencing for the minors will follow in january. but whatever decision is reached it could have a direct impact on an already tense situation on the ground. stefanie dekker, al jazeera, in occupied east jerusalem. >> still ahead on the program. russia is blamed for an air strike in syria which has cilgd does of people.

killeddozens of people. and remembering the best rugby superstar.

>> a reminder of top stories on al jazeera. world leaders gather in paris for cop 21. intense negotiations to enter into a deal.

turkish prime minister has refused to apologize for shooting down a russian jet over turkish air space. last minute insanity plea. more than 44 people have been buried in a syrian town. activists have accused russia of carrying out the attack. attacks by syrian and russian jets continue. a warning, you may find some images in osama ben javad's report disturbing. >> reporter: people in the town had to bury multiple bodies after dozens were killed on a

raid on sunday. they had to use an excavator to dig a hole large enough. >> we put three to five bodies in each bag. >> reporter: the main market was packed with shoppers when it was bombarded repeatedly. people here blame the russian he for attacks. >> the russian air strike left about 44 people killed and more than 70 injured. people here are breadwinners and want to make a living. there was a large gathering of people from the country side as they came here for shopping. >> wasn't the only place hit. this father in duma was looking for his daughter who he said was studying in the house. another air strike. >> it's not clear how many first responders were killed or injured in the second attack. the syrian opposition and its

allies accuse russia carrying out the attack to support bashar al-assad. targeting i.s.i.l. but many other civilians are also being killed. these business are from raqqa. activists say more strikes and barely bombs have hit. back in idlib, syrians have become university to picking themselves up after attacks but many born during this conflict are still too young to understand why grown ups can't stop fighting. osama ben javad, al jazeera. a car bomb has killed 13 iraqi soldiers in the city of fallujah. five civilians were also killed by shelling blamed on the iraqi army. telling residents to leave immediately, trying to retake

city from islamic state of iraq and the levant. imran khan has more from erbil. >> iraqi forces say they have entered the outskirts of ramadi. connecting supply route between ramadi and fallujah, a bridge, managed to take that bridge and that means that i.s.i.l. are effectively cut into two and cannot reinforce their fighters in ramadi. so now what iraqi security forces are doing is going into neighborhoods very slowly very methodically. those air strikes have been key in recent days, however they've weakened i.s.i.l. forces and allowed iraqi security forces to go in. now what we're also being told is any civilians still trapped

in ramadi are able to leave if they wave a white flag. we have not seen any white flags. if ramadi is taken in the next few days it will be seen as a very key victory against i.s.i.l. particularly in anbar province. the new administration of burkina faso will take over ma m the government put in place earlier this year. mohammad adow reports. >> proarcheprovinces of burkinao far they have declared the results of nearly 50% of

election constituencies in burkina faso and those polls show a lead for rock kabore, a former speaker of the national entry under president blaise compaore who ruled the country for 27 years before he was removed in a popular uprising last year. these elections are crucial to this country. for first time in its history there will be a peaceful transfer of power. and also, it means burkina faso will return to democracy. this is a country that has mainly been ruled by military heads of state and also, the elections will bring to an end the transition of period of one year that was put in place after the fall of the government of blaise compaore. pope francis has wrapped up

his three-nation african tour. spent his last day in a divided neighborhood. gerald tan has the details. >> under intense security, pope francis ventures into volatile neighborhood of bangui. both communities to unite. >> translator: christians and muslims have lived feasfully for years, together we say no to hate red. >> the pope's visit is important, descended into a conflict that's divided communities along religious lines. the violence has forced nearly a million people from their homes. >> translator: god willing if central africans listen to what the pope says for is he a

servant of god, if we listen and work with that, peace will return. >> reporter: this is final leg on a three country african tour, which has taken pope francis to kenya and uganda. underscoring the need for reconciliation. >> to all notices who make unjust use of weapons of the world, lay down these weapons and arm u yourself with weaponsf righteousness. >> some regard it as a chance for hope during troubled times. gerald tab tan, al jazeera. >> china's yuen, is expected to be being included in the u.s. dollar, japanese an yen and boon

european euro are included. >> milestone in a journey that will continue indeed and will include certainly more reforms that will add to the existing reforms that have been decided by the chinese authorities in the last few months. >> india is trying to convert massive amounts of gold held privately in temples an in people's homes into new funding to issue gold-backed bonds but the indian people don't seem to be buying it. fez jam ilexplains georgia jami.

>> the government wants some of this wealth to be put into the financial system. it has created several new mechanismmechanisms such as depg gold. but the indians will have to be convinced. >> it sounds good but most people don't know about it. we'll only pull our gold in if we believe our family will benefit from the same. >> reporter: gold holds a special significance in indian culture. it's far from being a mere commodity. >> here they want to be able to touch and feel gold in their hands and be able to see it. it's not just gold. it's lachshme. >> that's why others believe that some of the new gold programs haven't caught on.

getting indians to part with their gold hasn't been easy. less than 500 grams of gold deposits have been collected so farr with the other gold programs at best having had a lukewarm reception. but converting the gold wealth intoing the economy for the potential benefits, indian homes hold a are total of 20,000 metric tons. even a fraction of that put into the financial system would make india one of the top economies and could finance roads and buildings. but even officials say the government program isn't working. >> reporter: the regular bank deposit's rate is between 7 and 8% but the government's gold deposit rate is only 2.5%. that's not high enough.

22 karat ornaments into 20 karat. this is why it's not working. >> also any gold being deposited would first have to be melted down and processed at the owner's expense. that along with widespread ig noshes abouignorance of the gol, benefits to the itself or to thing country. fez jamil, al jazeera. global superstar at the rugby world cup 20 years ago. carly flynn reports from auckland. >> reporter: a big sendoff for abig man. coffin is broad to new zealand's home of ruk by.

rugby. >> there has never been a player like jonah and will never be one like him. >> the former all black player died a few days ago. it's believed a blood clolt on his lung from the long haul flight contributed to his death. >> a fitting sendoff for someone that probably personified a lot about the values of rugby. >> youngest ever all black when weighs 19 years old. he was a powerful force on the field which. >> to try to stop the ball getting to jonah, that was a hard thing to try, but when he got the ball in his hands it was devastating. if you are 6'five" and 120

kilos. >> first ever global superstar. >> there is no doubt that jonah's performance at that rugby world cup, and his huge popularity. >> he was diagnosed with a rare and serious kidney disease. despite his illness lamu played 63 all black tests in the number 11 all black jersey. joined thousands of mourners for public farewell. which was lifted by heart felt performance of students from lamu. leaves behind his wife nadine and two young sons and a sporting-mad nation who will

sorely miss him. jonah lamu now leaves for the final time. family home for a private funeral. carly flynn, al jazeera, auckland, new zealand. >> you can find out more from aljazeera.com.