iran's foreign minister says there's le agreement on peace talks in syria. so this is al jazeera, live from doha. i'm folly bah thibault. vote in a election that could see paul kagame's third term.

>> nato is planning to send air defenses to turkey along its southern border with syria. by helping turkey patrol its air space, it is hoped that incidents such as the downing of a russian jet last month could be avoided. as rosiland jordan reports there are major obstacles to overcome. >> reporter: the civil war in syria is nearly five years old. in new york city, diplomats will try to create a definitive plan to stop the fighting and restore the peace. the russian president said he's on board. >> basically support the u.s. in drafting a u.n. security council resolution on syria.

it is the blueprint of this resolution that the u.s. secretary of state arrived in usc mo. moscow. >> but putin is a long time supporter of bashar al-assad. the u.n. can't decide who will run the country, he says. >> translator: it is clear i.s.i.l. and jabad el nusra are terrorist organizations. they cannot be part of the meeting. i hope we can all agree. >> the opposition which recently met in riyadh, says he has to leave before transition of pow power. kerry says that is not predetermined. >> that is not position of the international syria support group. it is not the basis of the

geneva communique or the basis of the u.n. resolution. >> but the u.s. is doubling down, telling syria it won't agree to a ceasefire unless assad goes. >> the issg may have or has a different sense of what a political transition might look like than the group of opposition groups. so what does that tell you? that there is still more work to be done. >> analysts say that unless the assad situation is resolved, there will be a waste of time. >> as long as people feel unrepresented by their governments then you'll have a constant insurgency until you get a political solution. >> while there is a sense of urgency to end the civil war there is a reality that the parties may not be ready to do so. rosiland jordan, al jazeera, washington. >> to get a sense of the

upcoming talks, mohammed javad zarif was spoken to. >> where foreign minister from some 17 countries will be arriving to try and kick start the peace process to try very ambitious goal of trying to get a ceasefire in january and talks between syrian government and the syrian opposition. but i have been speaking to one of those taking part, iran's foreign minister, mohammed javad zarif. he has some doubts as some of the names he's hearing as attendees. >> we believe that card carrying members of al qaeda do not satisfy the conditions that we set. for members of the opposition in vienna. i believe opposition should be serious, and it should be inclusive so that they could engage in a serious talk. we have supported this process,

we actually suggested a national unity government a long time ago and we hope that this can in fact become a serious exercise including various opposition groups, not just one inclination within the opposition and at the same time, should seclude people with official affiliation with either daesh, jabad el nusra, or other al qaeda affiliates. >> of course one of the other things they have too discuss is the thing that has really been the central sticking point in the last five years of bloodshed in syria and that is president assad whether he can be involved in the future of syria or any transition process and there's no agreement on that whatsoever. >> the number of people forced to leave their homes this year is likely to exceed all previous

records, according to the united nations report. number of people fleeing the countries has now past 20 million with fighting and wars especially in the middle east, a a number of people internally displaced has jumped from 2 million to 34 million. world displacement will reach a record high of nearly 60 million later this year. countries taking in large number of refugees. turkey alone has taken in 1.5 million refugees mostly syrian. omar al saleh has this story. >> parents want to take him and his four siblings to greece. they know the risk and they can all die. >> we have no other alternative. no chance to live here or in afghanistan. we can't stay here. we have to go to europe.

we want to go to germany. >> entire families of refugees are waiting here in the turkish coastal town of chesarie. waiting for a call from the smugglers they have to be ready all the time. outside there are more children and adults. they sit and wait. it's cold here and the winds are strong. all determined to cross the aegean sea to get to greece which seems close but remains out of reach. >> why we are coming here we have lots of problems with afghanistan. in order to learn something, we cannot guarantee our life. >> reporter: every morning they hope the sea is calmer. greece is a short distance away. but crossing the aegean sea is risky. the journey to the greek island

of kios could take hours but this is a dangerous journey. the international organization for migration say more than 650 people have died this year trying to cross from turkey to greece. many of them were children. and in the last two weeks at least 15 children have drown in the aegean sea. the human rights group say the number of refugees who have died has rieche reached 2900. on the coast as the right moment came, the first overloaded dinghy sets off. happy to leave but risking it all. while others wait as their smugglers prepare more boats. at the small shop, volunteers

rely on donations to feed the refugees but they feel helpless to persuade them not to take more risks. >> a day ago they were really hot and they all sick. and one day, after, they will die in the sea. they drown. >> back on the shore, those who didn't make it this time feel disappointed. waiting their turn to seize their chance between life and death. omar al saleh, al jazeera, on the aegean sea. (t) african union says it plans to send 5,000 peace keepers to the burundi. the united nations say it will investigate violence there. when pierre nkurunziza sought a third term in office and went on

to win. in neighboring rwanda, a referendum is on, whether allowing president paul kagame can run for a third term. kagame has ruled rwanda since his ethnic tutsi ended the conflict in 1994. tell us what the turnout has been like so far this morning? >> that's right, we are at a polling station in central kagale where president kagame is expected to vote at any moment now. this isn't a regular polling place, people have been very quiet lining up coming in and

voting. president kagame himself hasn't said whether he will stand for another term or not yet. he says he is going to wait for the outcome of this referendum so he can gauge the will of the people as to how much they want him to run again. this is a slightly contentious issue while supporters say the reason for this referendum is the will of rwandan people can be realized. opposition leaders of which there are a few in the cupt, th. they say the lack of freedom of speech means that this can't be a free and fair referendum. but the government says and the government supporters say this is an expression of the people's >> so what kind of result malcolm is expected? with the president seeking a

third term, causing many problems in the continent in burundi for example, what is the risk if kagame is to run for a third term? >> everyone is expecting a high percentage of changing the constitution to allow president kagame to run again. his supporters say because he's so popular, critics say it is not a free and fair process. in terms of stability, it is not like burundi or neighboring congo, slipping towards what many people are calling a civil war. here the police and the army have a very tight grip on everything. we are not expecting to see anything even like too street protest. analysts say if kagame becomes president for life, in the long term that is going to be arrest

me for instability. in the end if his opponents or critics can't challenge him in a democratic forum, that could lead to more instability. that's the will of the people that's why they are holding this referendum and this in fact is a democratic process that will keep the country stable. >> okay malcolm, live for us in the country's capital. u.n. admits its response to sexual abuse conducted by its peace keepers was seriously flawed. >> reporting studio trying to launch more african art onto the world stage. rld stage. the only way to get better is to challenge yourself,

and that's what we're doing at xfinity. we are challenging ourselves to improve every aspect of your experience. and this includes our commitment to being on time. every time. that's why if we're ever late for an appointment, we'll credit your account $20. it's our promise to you. we're doing everything we can to give you the best experience possible. because we should fit into your life. not the other way around.

>> "inside story" takes you beyond the headlines, beyond the quick cuts, beyond the soundbites. we're giving you a deeper dive into the stories that are making our world what it is.

>> welcome back, a reminder of our top stories here on al jazeera. iran's foreign minister, mohammed javad zarif says there are still obstacles to overcome in peace talks for syria. whether or not to change a constitution in rwanda, meaning president paul kagame can run for a third term and possibly stay in power until 2034. the u.n au says it intends o send 5,000 peace keepers to

burundi. en. the head of the u.n. investigation in the central african republic found the organization failed to act on gross international failure. gabriel elizondo hats more fromm the u.n. there center in new york. u.n. failed very people they were sent there to protect. according to a highly anticipated over 100-page-long independent report commissioned by the u.n. secretary-general comeuban ki-moon, instead of following up on the allegations of child rape the claims went from desk to desk, inbox to inbox across multiple u.n. offices with no one willing to take responsibility. >> the lack of coordination

between policies leaves most victims unattended and vulnerable. >> reporter: the scathing criticism reaches high u.n. officials around the world. from the former top u.n. official in the central african republic to the current high commissioner of human rights in jeefningeneva. >> ban ki-moon has been presiding over the united nations for nine years, he says he has zero tolerance for sexual exploitation and abuse, and this report shows us that's more slogan than reality. >> at u.n. headquarters, a spokesman for ban ki-moon, says the secretary-general accepts this report and apologize he for

not responding properly. >> to ensure that it is also sooner very much through the lens of human rights violations. not just of misconduct by troops that we need to align the two mandates. >> reporter: the problems and shortcomings of the united nations have now been laid bare for everyone to see. as the report itself states, if there is no follow-through or action it can only exacerbate the concerns for some, that the united nations is only concerned about rhetoric than action. gabriel elizondo, al jazeera, united nations. >> review by the british government concluded that links to the muslim brotherhood, group banned in egypt where it originated but would not be

banned in the u.k. jonah hull reports from london. >> the long awaited review into the workings of the muslim brotherhood in britain has concluded that its members an associates be considered a possible follower of extremism. continuing to refuse visas, links to those in the muslim brotherhood in the u.k, are not used directly and to intensify scrutiny of the muslim brotherhood in the u.k. and in the past. in the past, a statement from the muslim brotherhood in egypt says the forfeit's review unfairly condemonstration millions of muslims around the world. while lawyers for muslim brotherhood in the u.k. have called it deeply misguided and

wrong. >> there is no right to apply for my client and we didn't have notice of the public works of the reportpublication in therep. >> the muslim brotherhood is now banned in a number of countries including egypt, saudi arabia and the united arab emirates. all are major trade partners and investors in the u.k. economy which has led to allegations of undue outside influence on the british government. >> the guardian as we know published details about the pressures applied by abu daw db. abu dhabi. therefore apply the counterpressure and here you see, that may be or not be

reflected in the outcome of the report which stopped short of banning the organization. >> the government treads a careful line with this review. foreign affairs committee says it may start an inquiry, and whether or not this is the end of the matter may well depend on responses to come from britain's heavy weight business partners in the gulf and beyond. jonah hull, al jazeera, london. >> news just in, a dutch court has found that oil giant shell can be found liable within the netherlands for the action he of its subsidiary in nigeria. in 2008, four nigerian farmers filed the lawsuit. they want shell to clean up its oil spills and pay compensation. the appeals court finding opens up other potential legal action against shell in its home country. the head of the

international monetary fund says she will appeal against an order to appear in france. allegations stem from when she was finance minister in france. lagarde could spend a year in prison if convicted. >> reporter: the executive board of the imf says they express confidence in the current the leader's ability to govern. lagarde herself who served as finance minister in the government of nicholas sarkozy, essentially involved a compensation payout to a former

minister and former and very prominent businessman bernard tapis to the sum of $440 million, coming out of public funds, and lagarde is accused of referring this to an arbitration panel which found in his favor. this sparked an outcry in france because of the huge payout of public funds. jetting across cities in the u.s. and cuba. 12 months after the former cold warren miss announced a normalization of relations. andy gallagher reports. >> more than 50 years of strained relations between cuba and the u.s. drastically changed. prisoners were released. the u.s. embassy in cuba hoisted its flag over havana and the processing of a normalization in

relations officially began. in the months that fold, diplomatic ties have been established and travel restrictions eased. for some meaningful change is still out of reach. the cuban activist known as el sexto, jailed for almost a year for criticizing the cuban government says things have got worse ton island. >> if it's a negotiation you are supposed to give a part to cuba and cuba gives their part but i haven't seen much progress with respect to that. only more repression, more detentions and immigration. >> and some say the improving relations has been the driving force behind the recent spike in cuban migration. in the last year alone more than 40,000 cubans have made their way to the u.s., fueled by the fear that the so-called wet foot dry foot policy will soon come

to an end. during the last few months cubans and cuban americans have witnessed many things they thought they would never see. despite that many remain cautiously optimistic about the future. rick herero believes a policy of engagement will eventually bring rewards. >> we are fighting 50 years of severed relations, deep dwight between the united states and cuba. but we have made some significant strides over the last 12 months. >> few doubt that the beginning of long and complex process, while some deals have been made, the economic embargo remains firmly in place. many remain quietly optimistic that long lasting change will

eventually come. andy gallagher, al jazeera, miami, florida. beijing has released a emergency warning against air pollution. now, a musical haven to upcoming bands and choirs in south africa. the downtown hub in johannesburg, offers a world class recording studio at affordable prices. tanya page has been lending an ear. >> this is misca thrvetiontican. christopher works at a factary during the day but at night, is present at the best recording

studios in the country. >> now, as we workin working wie guys i'm working with the professional people today. >> reporter: the building which is home to the hub, the government bought it seven years ago with the idea of making world class recording facilities accessible to the general public and at a cheap price. the renovations aren't quite finished but the studios are busy with budding artists. >> from its inception it has always had a developmental agenda and access has always been a core issue. so our aim really is to keep our prices at a level where anyone can come through and record their music. >> reporter: this building has housed a music studio for decades. during apartheid, it was one place black musicians could come to record, it's full of memories. magnified by the first inclusion

of music museum in south africa. >> he is really an icon in the area. >> their music was among thal buments banned by the aparthei m bums. albums. >> for everybody to hear and so i think it was really a very important vehicle. >> u2 and dolly parton has recorded in studio one, but now a collaboration played possible by dedicating opportunities for south africans and their unique sound. tanya page, al jazeera, johannesburg. >> here in qatar, celebrating a

national day. a military parade has been made in doha, crowds that included the emir. qatar declared its independence from britain in 1971. i'll ask a democratic member on the house homeland security committee. on the panel is there a right way to respond to mass shooting, and why fear is great business for the n.r.a. this is third. >> americans fear fresh attacks from i.s.i.l. after the massacre in san bernardino. republicans say efforts by democrats to restrict gun sales will not make the country safer. >> not one of the proposals of this administration would have stopped the killings in