and we show you like no-one else can. this is our american story. this is america tonight. >> death and torture. >> the mass of scale of deaths of detainees suggests the government of syria is responsible close to a crime against humanity. >> the new u.n. report accuses the assad government of brutally killing syrians. >> the leaders of turkey and

jerm strugglgermany struggle toe issue. >> taking action. the u.s. and south korea plan talks on antimissile systems in response to north korea's rocket launch. signs of hope. more survivors including an eight-year-old have been pulled from the rubble three days after an earthquake hit taiwan. good evening, i'm antonio mora, this is al jazeera america's international news hour. tonight we begin with new allegations of atrocities in syria. the new u.n. report says the

syrian government subjects its citizens to unmitigated acts of violence. assad's force he are moving forward with their fight against aleppo. germany and turkey to vow to end the fighting in syrian. german chancellor angela merkel said the issue in syria left her appalled and horrified. kristin saloomey reports. >> systematically in syrian detention facilities amounting to war crimes. >> the mass scale of deaths of detainees suggest the government

of syrian is a crime against humanity because these deaths have brought about in pursuance of the state's policy to attack civilian population. >> reporter: the report is based on documentary evidence as well as interviews with more than 600 people. people like imad, arrested with his father after taking part in anti-government demonstrations in 2011. >> because i wasn't dwifg them m any information they can, my father was there and they started to torture him in front of me and the guy was like hitting my father. he urinated on him. >> denied wrongdoing in the past, syria's u.n. ambassador did not apply to al jazeera's

request for a report. idlib province executed the government soldiers who had been exoourd alive. in the armed opposition groups and in the armed extremist side they found that people had died in those groups' custody but there was not the same evidence that it was widespread and systematic. >> the authors of the report are calling on the u.n. security council to impose sanctions on the government officials behind these policies but they've stopped short of naming names. russia has blocked punitive action against assad government in the past defend is its right to protect itself from what they call terrorist groups. that makes action here in the future unlikely. kristin saloomey, al jazeera, united nations. >> the syrian army said it made significant advances today helped by iranian and russian support, russian fighters are pulling back because of the

bombardment but opposition forces still control the northern city of aleppo. forced out more than 30,000 civilians and members of aleppo's opposition are bracing for battle. zeina khodr has more at the border with turkey. >> there is a fuel shortage in syria so the people are beginning to ration. there is a possibility of siege. already supply license have been disrupted by the government's defenses, fuel is needed on a city that relies on pumping wells for water. >> there's been a rise in the price of basic goods because, roads are cut and merchants are appropriate of profiting. we don't have enough supplies, what we have is only enough for a few days. >> reporter: it is not known how many of the 300,000 people in the east have left but there are some that are so poor to

even pay for a ride out. a siege would only cause more suffering in a city devastated by years of war. the syrian government and its allies have still not managed to lay siege to the rebel croaltd controlled east of the aleppo city, coming under heavy air strikes. russian air power has also allowed the government to advance towards the border with turkey. they have expanded their control entering town after town as they try to reach the main rebel stronghold of tal raffat, on many fronts they have had to withdraw because of heavy aerial bombardment. they have started to leave azaz the main place of refuge. azaz is a ten minute drive to the border. but there are those who have still not lost hope. activists return to the streets from where their uprising began

to demand the creation of a united aleppo army. >> we are calling on commanders and those unite unite in aleppo, otherwise we tell you we remove you from power. >> reporter: they also had another message. the people of syria don't wand bashar al-assad they chanted. it was a clear message from the heart lan land of the opposition that winning on the battlefield won't lead to peace. zeina khodr, al jazeera southern turkey. >> 27 syrians died when their boat capsized off the coast of turkey. the turkish coast guard set they took off bound for the island of lesbos. turkey and germany are vowing to stop the violence in aleppo. the refugees plight was the

focus of three hours of talks. stefanie dekker reports. >> the german chancellor came here with a clear message for turkey. stem the refugee flow into europe but turkey is not expected to do it alone. >> translator: if illegal means are reduced or stopped we have to find legal means to achieve real burden-sharing, a way to find a common task. >> how it can be done remains uncleared. in a joint press conference with turkish prime minister davutoglu. at least 30 syrians died while making that same crossing. humanitarian crisis close to turkey's borders pop tens of thousands of syrians are fleeing, backed by air strikes to take back the vital city of aleppo.

the border with turkey is closed. the turkish government is building tebts an tents and prod to the growing number of refugees just a while away. >> i swear i saw people sleeping on the roads. they are hungry, no help at all. >> reporter: that solidarity was highlighted by prime minister davutoglu but there is a bigger issue to be addressed. >> translator: we will stand by our yurns brother syrian bro. >> turkey already hosts more than 2.5 million americans, keeping its border shut for now but all this talk may prove pointless as the violence in syria conned to escalate, thousands of desperate people will have no choice but to

leave. stefanie dekker, al jazeera on the turkey, syrian border. major general vincent stewart says the pentagon has witnessed more siel attacks likely to become more severe. the canadian government has flounced it will end air strikes against syria and iraq. prime minister justin trudeau has said that canada is still committed to the fight. promising over $awn $aingd $800f humanitarian aid. controversial measures were approved today as part of an amendment proposed by the government after the november

paris attacks. it would allow the declaration of state of emergency for over four months. but anything over 12 days would have to be approved and renewed by parliament. north korea is celebrating the launch of a satellite into space. the united nations condemned the move and is considering additional sanctions. the united states says it's ready to bolster its defenses in the region. jaiment has thjamie mcintire ha. >> the u.s. is making some prudent military moves, to counter the growing threat that north korea will soon be able to threaten its enemies by nuclear tipped missiles. work earth observation satellite in orbit, pentagon said the satellite dubbed

lodestar, says it's tumbling out of control, but the rocket launch was a clear success. the second time since 2012, pyongyang has demonstrated a missile that could reach the united states. additional missile defenses for south korea as soon as details can be worked out with seoul, a move president obama has approved. >> what we are doing is consulting with the south koreans about more missile capabilities to prevent any possibility that north korea could reach u.s. facilities or u.s. populations. >> the system is called thad, mobile interceptor missiles designed to shoot down media

intermediate missiles. >> we think adding thad would improve the reinsuranc reinsure. reassurance measure. >> had it been aimed toward the united states the united states would have had to decide whether to attempt to shoot it down with missiles based at fort gre greer ae dwrvetionis cruisers in the sea of japan. after this month's missile launch the u.s. has to take

seriously north korea's claim that it can put a nuclear warhead atop a long range missile. talks about beefing up missile defenses will begin within days and pentagon officials say the thad system could be employed in a matter of weeks. antonio. >> jamie mcintire in the pentagon,. an eight-year-old was rescued from the rubble of the apartment building, her rescue gives hope to over 100 families whose loved ones are still missing. rob mcbride is there. what is the latest on rescue efforts? >> reporter: that's right, the authorities here the rescue teams have been grappling with the difficult question of just whether or when to bring in heavy equipment. they have now decided to do that.

the heavy equipment has started their work on the site behind me. only afte extensive negotiatione concern for the rescue teams is they believe they've searched the upper parts of the structure behind me and really they need to get down to the lower more crushed parts of this building that literally toppled over on its side. and they have to bear in mind the wishes of the relatives of the people who lived in the lower apartments. it is now over three days, and the calculation is that people will not survive beyond three days unless they will have food or water. the authorities are making the difficult decision of getting access to this lower part. >> temperatures have been dropping down to the lower 50s at night. we have seen places that people have been rescued well beyond three days.

have they seen any sign or heard anything? >> reporter: that's right, i mean we talk about three days being the optimum limit but somebody is meant to be able to survive trapped in a building like this. but of course this is an apartment building. it's full of water mains, water pipes, there are kitchens and larders, source he of food and water, it could be that people are trapped inside the building and keeping themselves alive. this is an earthquake prone zone, 1999, they had two and a half thousand people die. older workers will tell you from their experiences that people if they can find a way to sustain themselves have live far beyond that. tragically we have not had any survivors pulled out for the last 12 hour or so since that eight-year-old that you mentioned. rescue teams are inside the

building, they saw signs of life, it turned out to be a woman and her baby. by the time they got through to the two people they had unfortunately expired. it goes to show you that yes there are still people potentially alive but time is certainly running out antonio. >> and lots of questions about the construction of that building and whether it was built properly. rob mcbride reporting from tainan, taiwan, thank you. new questions about a hole ripped in a commercial airline. >> and european union faces a potential of exit by great britain. growing resistance to open internal borders. pl

for tonight's in context segment, wk at the growing tensions within the european union. britain is not alone in contemplating membership. jonah hull has more from paris. >> in a matter of months britain is expected to hold a referendum to decide the country's future alongside its chief trading partners in the european union. successive waves of crisis battering the eu have bolstered

skeptical poirn on both sides of these borders like the u.k. >> it's gdp is diminishing, it's whole share of world trade is diminishing. there is an enormous and exciting opportunities for countries i'm talking about britain outside the eu. why should you shackle yourself to this declining area? >> no one could accurately predict the consequences of brit answer's exit from the eu. it could be an economic blow for both sides, it could snag a scottish referendum. it could be an encouraging sign. not the least of which is the

france's front nationale, and the netherlands, imoperation and terrorism into one. >> translator: since the terrorist attacks last year they have a new public. which includes the young who vote for the front nationale simply because they are afraid of radical islam and its ability to kill. >> reporter: a best selling cartoon satire imagination marine la pen becomes president and few believe that day will become soon she and her party are no friends of the eu. >> translator: we are made up of nations. there is a french nation. there is an english nation an american nation a brazilian nation. that's how things work best, and

in that context, the european project is bad. the euro is bad and above all, the destruction of borders both within europe and that its outer edges is a very bad thing. it is a view that resonates with 1 in five french voters, the ukip push to break up the eu the national front works from within to degrade its policies and institutions, together they undermine the eu's historic mission of ever closer union, jonah hull, al jazeera, paris. >> joining us from washington is david o'sullivan, the european union ambassador to the united states. ambassador it's very good to have you with us. is there any doubt that anti-eu forces are on the rise not just

in britain but on the continent? >> i wouldn't say they were on the rise, the election of a number of people who were very skeptical about the future of european integration. there is a body of thought, who are expressing those views as they are entitled to do in any democratic society. >> just this weekend, anti-refugee, anti-islam protest broke out in the netherlands, czech republic, the list goes on. posters with a picture of donald trump saying he was right. what do you say to some european analysts who argue there are only weeks to save the schengen zone, europe's free travel zone? >> well, i think that firstly it's very important that people are allowed to express their democratic opposition to policies which are being pursued. this is the normal way in which

democracies function. i don't think these views represent anything like the majorities in individual countries or croot europe as a whole. >> how serious is the situation? you do seem to be forcing multiple whammy, weakened economy, the terrorism crisis and countries like britain threatening to leave the eu. >> i agree it's an unfortunate confluence of a lot of issues but when you unpack these issues and look at them individually i think they ar meanable to solutions, solutions which will ultimately result in the strengthening of the european union and we have faced these kinds of crisis in the past, some say this is different, they may be right, they may be wrong, i think the european union has shown great resilience and a capacity to find solutions to the challenges and to go forward and i continue to believe that that is what will happen in the

coming months. >> reports today say that turkish president erdogan threatened in november to flood europe with refugees. did that happen, and if it did, did this recent deal where european countries and other countries including the united states agreed to spend $10 billion to help countries in the region including turkey, has that called him down? >> well, we have been working very closely in particular with turkey which has had to receive a very large number of refugees. and we have indeed offered financial, substantial financial assistance to turkey, in order to help them adequately house and look after the refugees who are in turkey. on the understanding that they will then make i.t. more difficult for people to cross illegally into greece. we are the largest donor to all of the neighboring countries, lebanon jordan and turkey, to

the u.n. hcr and to the world food program and have consistently been the largest donor in their efforts to help the syrian refugees who have fled syria into the neighboring country. this is part of our consistent policy to make sure the displaced people in syria take refuge as close as possible to their home, that once we achieve peace and stability in syria people can go back. this is what we have done since the beginning of the crisis several years ago. >> so all in all you're optimistic? >> look i don't want to be polyannaish. but working with our neighboring countries and with the international community to try to put an end to the violence in syria and stop the root cause of this refugee crisis. it's not easy, it's complicated,

it's a bit messy when you're dealing with 28 sovereign countries in the european union. but i believe that we have identified what needs to be done and we are slowly but surely in the process of putting that into action. >> u.n. ambassador to the united states, david o'sullivan it's very good to have you join us. >> thank you. >> frightening word to the pandemic. world health organization's inquadcies could leave millions of people at risk. >> to mock the serious issues the country faces, from a steep recession to a multibillion dollar corruption scandal.

>> the nation's first primary, and a critical next step on the

road to the white house. >> republicans, democrats... >> stay with al jazeera america for comprehensive coverage that's... >> welcome back to al jazeera america, i'm antonio mora. coming up in this half hour of international news a power vac nooum haiti avacuum in haiti ast steps down without a successor. but first a look at the stories making headlines across the u.s. in our american minute. the cdc is now at its highest level of alert prepare for zika virus in the u.s. president obama is asking congress for almost $2 billion for zika research.

the first primary for the 2016 race for the white house is about to get under way and the latest polls suggest that the race for second place, donald trump has a strong double digit lead over the rest of the gop field and bernie sanders has a similar lead over hillary clinton. two powerful storms are pull elg the east coast right now, new york and new england and more snow is predicted for new hampshire, the bulk of the snow would arrive early tuesday just in state for the primary. al qaeda in the islamic maghreb hassing claimed responsibility for a raid in mali. the al qaeda affiliate has been behind several recent attacks that have killed several in the region including in mali and burkina faso. reporting from timbuktu, mali.

>> the sun falls on timbuktu and the night arises, al qaeda exploded a car bomb outside one of its bases. the u.n. police provide support to its local counterparts. >> translator: when the residents thought suspicious behavior strange things. they immediately call us to verify what is going onen. >> the city is in permanent lock down. no vehicles are allowed in nor out after 6:30 in the evening and there are constantly power outages. so normally, this is one of the most important morvegz. wmosques. we can't see anything because there are no lights. they are still proalg, the patry are scared to do this when there is no electricity. the u.n. is helping stabilize the country, the mission is one

of the most dangerous of the world. 60 of its soldiers have been killed since its creation in 2013. >> it is dangerous to operate, we are fully equipped, good equipment and training. >> swedish have replaced some of the risky reconnaissance operations with drones. timbuktu's glorious days of gold markets and merchant care vans arcareaadvancecaravansare gone. peace deal was signed between the government and the coalition of separatist rebels. al qaeda linked groups were not part of the deal. >> translator: if there is no development there won't be peace. what are these young men armed with kalashnikov supposed to eat? you know there is nothing more than sand in this desert.

>> blue helmets also keep an eye on the ports outside of timbuktu. police commander augustine says she is aware that the u.n. mission is a target. >> translator: we say hello and explain what they are doing here. we also ask if they need anything and get their feet back. >> reporter: an ambitious goal for an international force that has to maintain peace in a theater of war. monica villa mazar, al jazeera, timbuktu, mali. >> somalia officials say the suspect hid the bomb inside a laptop, this video appears to show airport workers handing the suspect a briefcase. president obama held a closed door meeting with italy's

president at the white house. the president thanks sernlg yoao matarella, exploiting a power vacuum. >> we discussed the joint efforts of italy the united states and other of our partners in helping libya form a government. that will allow us then to help them build out their security capacity and to push back against efforts by i.s.i.l. to gain a foothold in that country. >> also discussed the refugee crisis in europe and trade negotiations between the u.s. and the european union. the plight of a detained palestinian journalist prompted rallies today against israel, gaza and the west bank.

imtiaz type reports. >> reporter: calling attention to a -- imtiaz tyab reports. >> a plnan journalist who has been on hunger strike for nearly 80 days. he's refusing food to protest against his detention without charge. a measure allowing prisoners to be held indefinitely, something israel is often criticized for. >> this taste of initiative detention. administrative detention ruins your life, keeps your life on hold. >> reporter: several rallies have been held across the gaza strip. protest outside the offices of the international committee of the red cross turned violent, protesters tried to storm the building forcing it to close.

it has since been reopened, but supporters continue to demand the icrc and other organization he to intervene for his case. a group of palestinian israelis also rallied in solidarity. >> translator: with protests across israeli the occupied wangs and the gaza strip gaining momentum and mohammed still refusing to suspend his hunger strike, there are no other legal channels for his case to be heard, i leaving it up to the government or the military to intervene. >> i think they are both concerned with the implication of end manage al gek's administrative detention, that could lead others to hunger

strike as well, they are more concerned for mohammed al dwvmentek's life and wouldn't want to see him is die. >> his lawyers say he refused out of principle. standoff between mohammed al gek and authorities continues, the prospect of him dying is becoming very real, and while israel wants to avoid that its leaders are left with two choices, freeing him unconditionally, or letting him die. imtiaz tyab, al jazeera. >> mountain michel martelly of haiti stepped down from office on sunday without a successor. natasha guinane reports.

>> reporter: adrian paul and her family have been struggling to survive on this mountain for three years. the 2010 earthquake destroyed their home. with no other options they came here to the outskirts of port-au-prince and built this ramshackle shelter clinging to the mountain side. >> i don't feel good here. i can commit suicide as you know but as you can see it's art to live in these conditions. >> reporter: six people are crammed into this room. adrian and her neighbors don't have running water or electricity. her husband earns $50 a month. they often can't pay their son's school fees. wind and rain constantly threaten to demolish these houses. by one estimate, 160,000 earthquake refugees are now in camp canan. >> since we've been here, not

one official from the government has visited. we feel like leftovers. >> michel martelly took office in 2011. during martelly's farewell address to the country he counted the outcome after the earthquake as one of his achievements. >> the only thing the president last built is the stadium in front of us. it doesn't mean anything. >> reporter: we didn't find nerch planning to vote in the presidential elections scheduled for april. what people want is any leader who will make changes that might actually improve their lives. adrian says each day she physically feels pain about the way her sons are growing up. natasha guinane, al jazeera, port-au-prince, haiti. many revelers in brazil are using the festivities to launch

protests over their daily lives. lucia newman reports. >> reporter: carnival in brazil, not everyone is forgetting their problems. like niva silva who came dressed as a box of basic foods and dws, measuring the cost of living. >> buying goods is so expensive, inflation is high and the poor suffering. >> reporter: indeed this street party is loosely titled what a mess, the good times are over. an opportunity for revelers to make fun of their ruling class. >> translator: the wife of the president of congress is accused of hiring a tennis champion for $59,000 for private lessons. with our money. so we're dressed up as her.

>> reporter: at another street parade we run into president dilma rousseff being ruthlessly mocked. >> i'm a billionaire but i have no idea where i got the money. >> cost of living is going up 60%. >> reporter: the president is fighting to avoid an impeachment process. finding their standard of living drop. >> they are going tobacco where they were ten years ago because of the rise of unemployment, because of the rise of inflation, so that's whap what's lapping in brazil -- happening in brazil, it's going to be where it was ten years ago.where. >> reporter: even carnival is being downsized.

other parts of the city and the country many traditional street parades are having to be cancelled because for the first time they can't afford it. brazilians say the year doesn't begin until after carnival but regardless of when they start counting it's a year that doesn't bode well for their economy. lucia newman, al jazeera, rio de janeiro. >> jam an's nikkei stock index is down nearly 5%, after a bad day in u.s. and in europe. amid fears of a global economic slow down. london's foolondon's ft.london'k stock marked dropped, bank joint morgan stanley was down 5% and

goldman sachs dropped 6%. most tech stocks got hammered. volkswagen says it will offer compensation packages to its u.s. owners, an overwhelming majority will probably accept the offer. compensation funds for 9/11 attacks the bp oil spill and the gm ignition switch crass crash crashes. volkswagen has not decided whether to offer buy backs or compensation packages. the world health organization is so unprepared for a sudden outbreak of disease that thousands could die, this comes as authorities scramble to contain the outcome of the zika virus. the ebola outbreak in west africa killed more than 11,000 people. the whr world health organizatis

emergency response capability are woefully inadequate. lawrence gostin is the director for o'neil institute for the national and global health law in georgetown, also a special advisor to the united nations. doctor very good to have you with us. the u.n. report also says this is last opportunity to ensure that the w.h.o. is empowered to build emergency response capacity. my question is, why hasn't that already been done? >> well, it's a very good question. i mean i think that the u.n. is right, that this is a once in a generation time to reform the world health organization. after ebola, the u.n. panel is now the fourth global commission to have deep concerns and scathing criticism of w.h.o.'s

emergency response capabilities.you know, part of it is the kind of the political problems within and the bureaucracy within the w.h.o, but other parts of it is that they're just pitfully funded. they get about a quarter of the amount of budget of the u.s. centers for disease control which is only one country. so they're really pitifully underfunded in the job they are required to do. >> can we be confident that if these alarms sounding now that they will be? >> well, i mean that's -- another very good question. yes i think they're more likely

to be implemented now, already the world health assembly has accepted tho throws swine flu recommendations that were made then. but the question is whether we'll find truly fundamental reform. with zika the w.h.o. did act more quickly than it did with ebola by calling a global health emergency but we haven't seen a well funded action plan and thus far, we can't be sure that we're going to get the kind of rapid response, leadership and accountability that the world desperately needs from w.h.o. >> and what is the danger? the report says there's a high risk of a major health crisis and that that risk is widely underestimated. what are we talking about? because with all the medical progress that's been made over the past 100 years, can we still see something like the spanish flu of 1918 that might have

killed 5% of the world population? >> i think we could. the chances of us having a major pandemic are actually higher than they were in 1918 because we've got all of this rapid international travel, you can get anywhere in 24 hours on the globe, there's intense interchange between animals and human populations, we've got hyperurbannization and over crowding. these things are rep mes -- >> for disaster i would imagine. >> i've got one final question in for you. does more need to be done on the vaccine front? we had known about ebola for decades but a vaccine wasn't developed because it want profitable. could there be an effort to expand vaccine preparedness. >> there is, i was a commissioner on the global

health risk framework commission which was organized by the national academy of sciences, and we said that we needed an additional incremental $4.5 billion annualized, in order to deal with research and development for vaccines, global health preparedness and the like. so for a little money we could save a fortune. >> let's hope they're listening, dr. lawrence goston, advisor to the united nations. thank you for joining us. my pleasure. thank you. >> several people were hurt when a leopard walked into a school, the process to turn the animal to the wild. technical advances are changing the way the chinese celebrate the lunar new year.

>> a terrifying scene in india as a leopard mauled people after wandering into a school in bangalor. it took ten hours before animal officials could tranquilize it and release it back into the wild. no students were in the school at the time.

now to our global view segment with a look at how news outlets across the world are reacting to various events. is deutsche welle, says evidence of how effective governments are of stopping events before they happen. we should be vigilant, but not alarmist and afraid. the japan times, says the next president of the united states, the north is now armed with nuclear weapons and ruled by rational calculating and recovering that the old will not work in the future. the paper argued athat the current ambiguous, international community. the paper concludes that israel

must take an effort on moving forward with a two state solution, taking steps toward peace. chinese they year is known for its fireworks, but the new economy can be changing the way people celebrate. adrian brown reports from beijing. >> reporter: beijing's annual explosive il illumination. still a dazzling spectacle but perhaps not quite what it was. fireworks sales in the capital are down by half this year. the reasons: pollution concerns or possibly just fading interest in a country that prides itself on having invented gunpowder. >> the economy isn't good. it's more difficult to make money nowadays, only business people can spend money buying fire works, only ordinary people can buy fire crackers.

it's too expensive. >> reporter: red envelopes are exchanged between friends and relatives, an ancient ritual that technology is now changing. smart apps allow people to send eempt money. now this is also a time to spend. at least the government hopes so. a beijing wholesale market popular with shoppers. but where there's an air of desperation to the sales pitch. people are spending, but very carefully. >> of course i'm cautious now, i have to look around and duet the best value for money. >> retailers say turnover remains strong but that's mainly down to discounting leaving smaller profit margins.

economists say consumption has to be sustained to prevent the downturn worsening. superstitious chinese are flocking to the temples to pray for good luck. after a year of natural disasters and financial turmoil. but the predictions are for more of the same in the year ahead. don't despair, though, depending on your zodiac sign, the year of the monkey is also a good year to give birth or to look for love. adrian brown, al jazeera, beijing. >> that's its for al jazeera's international news hour. up next, new hampshire voters will start voting in the first in the nation primary. we'll have a preview and how the results could shake up the race for both parties. i'll be back with more news in two minutes. utes. ew hampshire

good evening, i'm antonio mora. this is al jazeera america. >> i care about making a real difference in your life. >> we have to get away from the politicians, and we have to bring sanity to this country. >> the only way we bring about change is the way that real change has always occurred. >> i hope you want a president that accepts responsibility and accountability. >> appealing to undecided voters, the issues and mud slinging candidates are using in an attempt to win the new hampshire primary. winter whether could be a factor, and offshore mother nature turned a leisurely cruise into a