grimy and disgusting. the former brazilian president desilva is detained after his house was rated as part of a corruption inquiry. >> welcome, you're watching al jazeera live from doha. e.u. leaders say russia is committed to upholding a fragile ceasefire in syria. the u.n. reports a sharp rise in allegations of sex abuse by its staff in 10 different countries. >> i'm rob mcbride in the philippines on the trail of a dying language that is only a

fee speakers away from dying out altogether. police in brazil raided the home of the former president desilva as part of a corruption inquiry into pet pro brass. investigators questioned him but he denies wrongdoing. dozens of exception and politicians in brazil have been implicated in this long running inquiry claiming fraud took place at pet pro brass. it's being called the most politically explosive development in the corruption investigation to do with a state-run and owned oil company. hundreds of armed police raided different locations across three different states in brazil, including rio and sao paulo and one of the homes raided is that belonging to the former president desilva.

he was brought in for questioning. he is not being arrested, police clarify, but has been brought in for questions. he is expected of being involved or having information or indeed knowledge to do with corrupt practices at petro brass, including the time that he was still president. now his protege is currently the president, she as opposed to him is rather unpopular. desilva still considered one of the most popular presidents brazil of had is credited with lifting millions out of poverty. as he was brought in by police, his supporters took to the streets to show that they are standing with him. they are not the only ones that came out. those that stand against him and they are thought to be growing in number have come out as well and the streets are clashing in the streets of sao paulo, both wanting to be heard. this is just a reflection of a deeper political turmoil that has been paralyzing the brazilian government over the past years.

this corruption case has been dragging out since 2014. >> r.b.i. is committed to upholding the fragile ceasefire in syria. representatives from france, the u.k., germany and italy spoke to vladimir putin by phone today. they say the truce must hold to humanitarian aid can be described. >> cessations of holes tilts must be everywhere. the only initiatives would be against isil and al-nusra. we saw that was our common intent and in the field, that was what was generally observed. >> it was important that the four heads of state and european head speak by telephone with the russian president vladimir putin. i want to emphasize that the commitment to respect the ceasefire is an important

message that was confirmed by the russian president today. it's aim to go restrict everybody to attacks against isil and al-nusra front. we have asked russia to use its i influence on the assad regime and we drew attention to the situation in aleppo. >> paul brennan joins us live from paris. the fact that the two leaders emphasized for the ceasefire to be comprehensively observed, does that mean it hasn't been particularly well observed up until now? >> it certainly does, peter. in advance of the leaders meeting and having that telephone conversation with vladimir putin here, the foreign ministers also got together here in paris earlier on friday morning. they said quite exapplication sitly that the ceasefire was not holding in all areas, that there was room for vast improvement in the quality of the cessation of hostilities that has been agreed for nearly a week now in syria.

what germ chance angela merkel and french president hollande did was speak to him and emphasized the role he can play in all of this. after all, he is a close ally of the syrian president, bashar al assad. we know from reports on the ground that the government forces appear to be continuing to military too fast in syria and there is concerns that those military offenses are not just targeting isil targets and al-nusra front targets. what the leaders are impressing upon vladimir putin was whether he could bring some pressure to bear against his ally, president assad, to bring the syrian army into line in all of this, because as far as the european leaders are concern, they are going into a monday summit of e.u. leaders, together with turkey to look at the overall crisis in syria rewarding military action and indeed

refugees. the crucial crux of all this is to reduce the amount of conflict that's on going. once the conflict starts to subside, humanitarian aid can get in. once humanitarian aid can get in, the need for refugees to flee their homes is reduced. it's cause and effect, consequential. the whole thing is consequential. the whole thing of bringing the cessation of hostilities is vital to the process. >> if we've learned one thing from vladimir putin's behavior over the past few months, it's that mr. putin will do what mr. putin wants to do despite what the other countries ask him to do. >> certainly that's the track record, i suppose we could describe it, of the russian for the purpose policy, certainly in recent years. we've seen the issue of ukraine

raised and that is an ongoing issue. there was a meeting in paris thursday in relation to the on going unrest in ukraine and the political uncertainty in eastern ukraine. so russia has its foreign policy stance, and the efforts of the european union leaders is to try to align their foreign policy as closely as possible with russia's in the sense that trying to push for a common good. it's not always going to happen. there are vast areas that the foreign minister's have said many times where the two countries or the russian side and the european side simply are poles apart. that said, there are refugees, syrians who depend on a resolution of this long standing conflict in order to try to either return to their homes or resume some kind of normal life. >> paul, thanks very much. staying with that idea of

the refugees that paul was touching on there, the u.n.'s refugee agency has put forward a six-point plan to e.u. leaders to help deem with the escalating crisis in greece where tens of thousands are still stranded, looking at setting up e.u. centers in each country to take responsibility for the refugees. they'll then register people and resettle them accordingly across europe. the u.n.'s high commission of refugees is asking for 10% of syrian refugees to be resettled in other countries outside the region. as we've been hearing, many thousands still stuck on the greek macedonia border because the police won't let them cross and continue their journey. we have a report from there. >> we are not prisoners, she says. we are humans. we escaped from isis and we came to you. they have become more desperate as the days go by. if there was any hope that the

bottleneck at the border would be involved in a few days, it's now all but gone, replaced by despair, anger and frustration and an overwhelming state of confusion. access to macedonia is restricted, but no clear guidelines have been given as to what the stranded here need to do. information spreads by worth of mouth and often, it's wrong. >> every day, there are new rules. i'm afraid that when my time comes, they'll tell me i can't get in because my jacket is brown and they want it to be black to get through. >> any semblance of a unified european system has completely broken down. many of the registration papers issued by greek authorities are not valid anymore, macedonia and balkans now require a new stamp. so many stand in queue for hours, even though there is no

guarantee it will end their plight. >> another requirement is a turkish stamp on passports. like many here, this man first stopped in turkey to earn enough money to pay the smuggler. >> in turkey one month, can't get into macedonia. >> what does that mean for you? >> for me, it's terrible. life is very hashed. you come all this connection, long way and suffering without sleep and food and then you hear like you hear on news that you can't get into mack doan i can't because you have been in turkey one month. >> greek police are struggling to keep order. they have been organizes refugees into numbered groups of 50, but with so many conflicting rumors. few are willing to wait it out. >> the queue has spread all the way to the borderline. even those moo managed to reach the crossing point have to wait for a long time with the uncertainty of whether they're going to be pushed back or not.

>> that's what happened to him. he made it across on wednesday only to be back in greece by the evening. >> i went through this morning and was pushed back. they say the signature on my registration form is fake. i'm not the only one in this situation. >> faced with such hardship, tempers often flare up. there are scuffles. people push and shove, but perhaps what's most difficult is the humiliation for the refugees here who are begging their way for the sake of their children. al jazeera, on the greek macedonia border. >> the united nations has report add sharp rise in allegations of sex abuse by its staff. u.n. missions in the central african republic, the democratic republic of congo, ivory coast and mali accounted for the majority of those claims. >> united nations peacekeepers were supposed to come to the

rescue in central africa republic. instead, they're accused of sexual exploitation. a new u.n. report said allegations of sexual exploitation or abuse against its staff reached 99 last year, compared to 80 the year before. the report says: >> the report further names all 21 countries whose nationals are allegedly involved in sexual abuse. the united nationsion has been criticized for not doing enough, prompting the secretary general to speak out on the issue next year. >> i believe the disturbing number of allegations we have seen in many countries, but particularly in the central africa republic in the period before u.n. peacekeepers were deployed and since speaks the need to take action now. enough is enough.

>> it was in 2014 that allegations are wrongdoing in the central african republic first came to light when french troops were accused of sexual misconduct. the mission is made up of 10,000 personnel from 45 countries. the u.n. said it takes time to investigate such accusations, but sexual abuse by u.n. personnel i also not new. u.s. soldiers in haiti were found to have sex in exchange for food and medicine. the then secretary general promised swift action and a policy of zero tolerance. the most recent report calls for the establishment of an an site court martial proceeding when allegation little amount to sex crimes and calls on member states to help. so far, it doesn't seem to be working. >> there needs to be improved vetting so troops i am applicanted shouldn't be sent on u.n. piece keeping missions. there needs to be improved training and the structure of

accountability needs to be reformed. >> reports from central african republic say women and girls are raising babies who were allegedly the children of u.n. troops. al jazeera. >> still to come here on al jazeera, a step closer to a cure for cancer. scientists make a startling discovery that it all comes down to genetics. >> an artist behind a --

>> welcome back. brazilian police have questioned the former president desilva after raiding his house as part of a long running corruption inquiry. he has denied wrongdoing. e.u. leaders say russia is committed to upholding a ceasefire in syria. representatives from france, the u.k., germany and italy spoke to vladimir putin by telephone from paris where they've been meeting. the u.n. reported a sharp rise in allegations of sex abuse by its staff. a new report cataloged 99 allegations from 10 different countries, up from 80 a year before. 69 of those were against u.n. peacekeepers. a car bomb and rocket attack in southeast turkey happened close to the border with syria. 35 people are reported to have been wound the in the explosion. further south, the police have fought with fighters from the p.k.k., the kurdistan workers

party. fighting forced businesses to close and many to leave the area. we have a report from the city. >> this is the old quarter, any giving date, this place would be buzzing with people, shoppers and tourists bustling and coming through here. it's not the on going clashes between the kurdish military and separatist fighters. checkpoints have been set up. anyone coming through is searched. there is a constant sound of gunfire taking place. one of the effect of these on going clashes is that shops and businesses have been forced to close, which has had devastating impact on the local economy. now, there are at least six neighborhoods which are still under constant curfew because of these clashes. the government says it's trying to chase out the p.k.k., which are considered terrorist organizations, there are those locals who are angry with what

is going on and blame the government for what's happening. authorities have been forced to put up dozens of families, in fact, hundreds of people in hotels and other places have been forced to flee their homes. you will see that there's a constant flow of military vehicles going through patrolling the streets, trying to restore some sort of order they say in trying to root out those militants. this conflict has gone going on several months now, ever since the peace accords collapsed around a year ago. it appears there is no end in sight, however the government and officials say that they will not rest until they defeat these militants. >> now, the republican race for the white house has turned ugly. front runner donald trump was branded a fraud and a phony by his rivals in the latest t.v. debate on fox news. the barrage of attacks was at times crude with time running out for the party establishment to stop him from winning the

nomination. >> fewer people on stage, more affection and insults. donald trump on the offensive straight away. the first offensive from former republican presidential candidate mitt romney. >> a failed candidate, he worked have beaten president obama very easy. he failed miserably. >> from texas senator ted cruz, the suggestion trump did not have the experience or talent to be president. >> this is not about the insults back and forth between the candidates. this is not about what attacks we can throw at each other. >> marco rubio won only one state on super tuesday, but insisted republican voters didn't want donald trump, who won seven as their candidate. >> two thirds of the people who have cast a vote have voted against you. they do not want you to be our nominee. >> then there was this bizarre comment from donald trump. >> look at those hands, are they small hands? and he referred to my hands if they're small, something else

must be small. i guarantee you, there's no problem, i guarantee it. >> on this exchange sums up a lot of the evening on the republican contest. >> don't worry about it, little marco, i will. >> let's hear, big donald. >> don't worry about it, little marco. >> gentlemen, gentlemen, you've got to do better than this. mr. trump, may i ask you -- mr. trump, i'd like to ask you a question. >> he tried to nail down the candidates on specifics and asked if his position on immigration is playing to fantasies. >> i'm playing to the fact that our country is in trouble, that we have a tremendous problem with crime with that the border is a disaster, like a piece of swiss cheese. >> when asked about torturing captives. >> if i say do it, they're going to do it. >> there are a lot of people out there yearning for somebody

who's going to bring america back both at the leadership level and in the neighborhood where we can begin to reignite the spirit of the united states of america, and let's stop fighting. >> another republican debate that was all about donald trump, he took the majority of the attacks and dominated the air time, and despite all the efforts to derail and decry him, he still dominates the polls and the race. al jazeera, washington. a prison fire killed 16 people in guiuan in a's capital georgetown. inmates set fires to protest over crowding and it created a riot. north korea's leader kim jong-un told his military to be ready to fire nuclear weapons at any time. he made the announcement while supervising a military drill. it comes less than 24 hours after pyongyang fired short range projectiles into the sea of japan. wednesday, the u.n. imposed new

sanctions on north korea. japan has suspended construction work to relocate an american air base on the island of okinawa. the u.s. has 26,000 soldiers based there. the government wants to move the base to a less densely populated part of the island but people there want it closed down. we have this report from northeastern japan. >> this on the face of it would appear to be something of a concession by the japanese prime minister and the central government in tokyo in its long running battle with the governor of okinawa, the island far south of mainland japan. it centers around a u.s. marine base ride in the middle of the island, in the middle of a residential area. the japanese government calls it the most dangerous such air base in the world as a result of that. it's destined to be relocated to northeastern okinawa main side in a bay there, very close to a

current u.s. military base, but there has ban long running protest by the residents of okinawa saying it is an environmentally dangerous thing to do to reclaim the land in that bay. also, they say they simply bear too much of the burden of the u.s. military presence within japan and they want to see or many of the residents and government certainly of okinawa wants to see that base taken out of the all, potentially outside japan. there's ban legal challenge by the governor's decision to revoke the permissions given for that work by his predecessor brought by the japanese government. now he will smith to a court mediated pros and drop their legal challenges and try to come to some kind of peaceful settlement. he said there is no alternative except this plan. that is still being a hard line from the chinese government. the real core of this issue

still remains as it was before this decision. >> the philippines has 184 languages and a number of them are dying out. rob mcbride traveled to the region to visit the community with what's considered to be the most endangered language in the country. >> it is a remote rice growing area of the philippines, but not remote enough for its local language to survive. >> it is only spoken by a few. the leader of this indigenous community is one of them. when she wants to hold a information, using it, she has to seek out a neighbor. in her 50's, she is one of the young evident speakers left. her son can't speak it, and at the school in which he and others from his community attend, tribal languages are not taught. >> i am sad we're losing this connection to our ancestors and i would pretty much if the

younger people would want to learn about it. >> to get a sense of how remote the language is becoming, it is first translated into the more widely used tongue, then english and back again. when the villagers moved down from the volcanic mountain from which the language takes its name, their language started to die. >> there are different standards of the language spoken and there's more people have married outside the group. it has become less pure. >> it is one of 15 languages identified in the philippines as being as risk. the others may have not be as endangered with more speaking them, but the fear is they could go the same way, taking with them cultural heritage which will be lost forever. >> with the rich diversity of languages across the philippines, interests are vital in preserving them. capturing words that are in danger of vanishing from every

day use. >> of course we're concerned if a language completely goes away, that there is no record of it, not only for linguists who are interested in that sort of thing, but for the people whose ancestors who spoke that language. it bottoms important as part of their cultural heritage. >> with the increasing pace of development, for some, that task is becoming more important than ever. rob mcbride, al jazeera, the philippines. a ground breaking discovery into the genetic makeup of cancer tumors could allow scientists to explore new ways to fight the disease. it may mean more personized cancer treatment harnessing the immune system. scientists are excited about the discovery. earlier, i spoke to a doctor who is a specialist with cancer research u.k. she said researchers hope to make cancer treatment more effective and precise. >> it's exciting new research,

giving us information about how we can better taylor i am mine now therapy treatments we already have and identify which patients to give them to. what the researchers found is that within each airport tumor, the cancer cells have a unique plaque that it presents to the system to show that it shouldn't be there. a certain type of immune cell called a t. cell is already there that can recognize this flag. by boosting the number of these immune cells, t cells that recognize the flags, we can make treatments more precise and effective. it's important to remember what this research has show is that we already know each individual person's cancer is different, so each individual's flags will be different. the large patients they looked across, they found patients did have these unique flags or hallmarks and each patient had their own fingerprint, unique

like a snow make. >> we have a story on the number of pandas left in the wild. >> these pandas have been flash mobbing their way around the world. they'll be popping up at various locations to try to raise awareness about the plight of their real counterparts. according to a survey carried out by the world life wildlife fund response sparring this exhibit, there are more than 1400 pandas alive. they are still rewarded as one of the most endangered bears in

the world. >> you can keep right up to date with all the top stories, including our top sphaer there today, the students calling for freedom in india, as well as the latest on our headline story this afternoon out of brazil about mr. desilva, the former president. do stay with us. >> the last person that hillary clinton wants to face is donald trump. that i can -- >> let's move on. with all due respect, we have questions. >> verbal assaults and sexual innuendo steal the spotlight at the latest republican debate. >> the latest jobs numbers show more hiring last month. if you can find a job, you might not be paid as much. >> an alabama police officer faces murder charges for shooting a black man believed to be unarmed.