turkey and the e.u. sketch out a new plan for refugees but there's little hope for these people stuck at a closed border. you're watching al jazeera live from our headquarters in doha. also ahead, tunisia closes its border with libya after an attack. two years on and still no real answers. relatives of those mh370 mark a somber anniversary.

>> reporter: i'm in an illegal mine where the mine owner is still using children to extract coal turkey has made a bold proposal to tackle the refugee crisis in europe. ankara is offering to take back refugees stranded in greece in return for more money and the fast-tracking of its post to be a member of the e.u. >> reporter: finally at the end of a long day and night the break through they had hoped for. the european union has reached an agreement with turkey that they believe marks the beginning of the end of europe's refugee crisis. >> this is a real game changer. >> you the days of irregular migration to europe are over. >> our objective is to discourage illegal immigration

to prevent human smugglers, to help people who want to come to europe through encouraging legal migration. the agreement means that in future turkey will take back all those making the perfectly allows and illegal journey cease the sea to greece. for every refugee returned, one syrian refugee from camps in turkey will be resettled in europe thus opening a legal route of entry. turkey wanted more for the e.u. for the return of the refugees, double the 3.3 billion dollars. more cast-iron guarantees about the reopening of its e.u. membership plan and quicker access for turkish citizens to e.u. visas. none of these are promises made by the e.u. here.

there are crucial details and difficult ones yet to be discussed. there are key objections to be overcome within the e.u. there are concerns that turkey is using the refugee crisis is further its e.u. membership bid, vetoing any settlement of refugees. an agreement in principle only then. it is nevertheless an important milestone as european leaders outline their strategy to solve the refugee crisis, thousands of people stuck in greece is have been pleading in macedonia to open its border. the balkan state is only allowing in a small number of refugees to cross every day. thousands have been gathering at the border fence demanding to be let through so they can continue

their journey north. the french president didn't offer them much hope. >> translation: you refer to the refugees at the dor ber of greece and macedonia. first of all, you have to understand they will not be able to cross, so we have to speed up relocation and have some readmission for those who do not qualify for asylum. for the moment these people need to be supported and provided with aid. greece will be responsible for this and will be financed by europe to our correspondent who is at that border crossing. as that summit took place, how is that being seen by the refugees stranded on that border crossing where you are? >> reporter: a lot had the hope that the outcome of the meetings in brussels would mean that the border here would appear and all the other borders that lead them all the way to western europe. that did not happen and actually

this morning people with roaming around asking journalists and aid workers what exactly happened and what it means for their fake. it's not really clear from what came out of bruchls what would happen for those who already are in greece. from what we understand the greek government is preparing reception centers, about 15 of them, and that they're preparing to relocate these people to the reception centers. it is clear if they have to return to turkey, but many will tell you that is not an option. many use dram attic words what if you had to return to turkey. some are went as far as saying they would kill themselves on-the-spot because they have nothing left any more. they banked everything on this trip to western europe. for them this is a point of no return. we have to wait and see if the

agreement has to do with those who are making their way, who are about to arrive in greece or that also clues the 36,000 who are already in greece thank you for giving us that update from idomeni on the greek-macedonia border. we're taking you live to tunis. the prime minister is speaking on that attack which killed at least 53 people on the border with libya. he is answering journalists questions. let's listen in for a moment. >> what about the number of those people? >> translation: thank you. regarding those who attacked the camp, they were not in a mosque. they were in other places and they wrp waiting for a signal to start the operation and the

attack. they were near the camp and i want to make this clear regarding the policy of the government when it comes to following up what's going on in the mosque. we have done a lot in this regard and most of our mosque $now are not involved at all in such active terrorism. there is a relation, yes, between these type of mosques and terrorism but we have done almost everything. i have said before that this operation was successful, but we haven't won the war yet. we have won a battle. we have positives and we have negative aspects, but we need to evaluate in depth the operation from all its aspects from the security aspect, from the military aspect, from the

intelligence information aspect and how did they arrive to that place we have said we have now seven of them and the formation to be collected from them will able us to find more weapon stores appeared more information about committing such a crime, how many are the people involved. we have data, but we need some time to get more data. we know for sure that in principle there were around 50 people involved, but investigations are still underway, and regarding dead bodies and those who lost their lives and those who have been arrested, all i can say, there are more than tunisians and we

expect more elements there and we are following them. 36 have been killed and seven 6 been arrested and we have some data regarding some tunisian elements but also there are foreigners within this attack and within this operation. >> translation: mr prime minister, is there any relation between this operation and the mid-week operation in the same area? we thank the national army and the police for their quick response, but we cannot neglect and ignore any shortcomings. we need to know that. >> translation: as i said, the police and the internal security have been quickly involved in

this. they haven't been involved sporadically or without plans. they have evolved according to some data and information about this attack and the preparations of our national army are also going to face such attacks. we have information and we have gathered some information. we have collected information and it's all about working as one team/army of police. we have to be prepared and we have to be ready. we have to be on-the-spot, we have to be specialized and face such a threat. for example, the situation, show to you that we are ready according to some information that we have collected, and that thus the reflection was good

from our part and the quick response enabled our national army and the police to achieve victory on those terrorists and to be more in control. why, because we have informatioinformation that is the tunisian prime minister speaking about the investigation. he is saying is currently way after that attack that took place on the border with libya. he said they're under attack to establish a body. let's take a look at that. an armed group targeted security forces in the town of ben gardane. it is believed the fighters entered through libya. >> reporter: the people of ben gardane woke up to this, the

sound of heavy gunfire. the attack s on the town were coordinated on the national army and security forces. some local people report seeing dozens of fighters roaming the streets. authorities say they killed many of them, including this man who they queues of attempting to fire a rocket prepeld grenade at a police station. this was one of the targets in the heart of the city. what this attack shows is that there is an organized well-armed group operating in this region capable of hitting strategic targets. some call this area the wild west of tunisia, known for the struggling of nearby libya. tunisians have travelled to here to fight the groups like i.s.i.l. and many people think

i.s.i.l. is behind what happens. >> translation: they are dirt. we are not afraid of them. all the people here are in solidarity with the the government. i am a citizen. for us everyone hates them. they don't represent us. they don't represent tunisia. >> translation: of course i'm afraid. we're all afraid here because it is the first time that something like this has happened. >> reporter: one possible reason for this attack is revenge for a recent u.s. air strike on an i.s.i.l. camp in western libya. most of those killed were tunisians. it is thought the strike happened with the help of tunisian intelligence the. last week around a dozen armed fighters crossed the border attacking security forces, but this time it was a much larger group. >> translation: this is an unprecedented attack planned and organized and whose goal was to take control of this area and to announce a new emirate.

>> reporter: they recently built a barrier along the border to try to stops arms trafficking and fighters from crossing in. it clearly needs better intelligence to protect its borders. this fighting also shows a threat isn't just coming from libya. it is already within tunisia itself u.s. military commanders say a drone strike in somalia has killed more than 150 al-shabab fighters. al-shabab have confirmed that attack but says the u.s. are exaggerating the number killed. they were attack episode with bombs and missiles. al-al-shabab afighting to overthrow the sew malian government. al-shabab fighters are plamd for numerous bomb an gun attacks in east africa, including the nairobi shopping mall attack which killed 67 civilians in kenya. the white house says this strike

was a pre-emptive attack. >> the fighters who were scheduled to depart the camp pose a threat to u.s. and african union forces in somalia. the removal of those fighters degrades al-shabab's ability to meet the group's objectives, recruit i recruiting members here is what the somalia government had to say: there are conflicting reports about what exactly happened and how many al-shabab fighters were killed. tell us what woe know for sure. -- we know for sure. >> we cannot independently

verify what happened in the region of somalia on saturday around 5 pm local time. we know that region is under the control of al-shabab. we know it's very remote location. one of the things that we understand is there was no civilian casualties anywhere near where the air strike happened. the u.s. routinely carries out drone strikes targeting al-shabab leader ship. remember in 2014 the group's leader was killed in a u.s. drone strike. there is conflicting reports. al-shabab are saying there is no way 150 of their fighters will gather in such large numbers knowing that americans drones and helicopters are airborne in somalia. so there is conflicting reports. there is no way of independently verifying what happened, but what is more important is the

timing. ali velshi shab have recently stepped up their attacks in the somali capital and other parts. so the air strikes are seen as a reaction to al-shabab's action, recent actions put this in context for us. tell us about the wider significance of the strikes. >> al-shabab have recently stepped up their attacks here in the somalia capital and other parts. people here are looking at the air strikes as a reaction to al-shabab's recent car bombs in the somali capital. what we also know is that recently the european union cut the funding for the african union. this is significant because it was the african union backed by the somali national army that

pushed al-shabab from big cities and central somalia. so these air strikes are seen as moral boost for the african union and the somali national army. in september somali will hold elections. the government and the african union are trying to show a picture of normal position assumed in the country. the e.u. cutting funding, african union saying that it will affect its operation against al-shabab. also the government trying to plan for elections and here are al-shabab trying to show that they are a force to be rk onned with. -- reckoned with thank you. the search for answers to the biggest a -- aviation mystery.

plus graduates trying to find jobs in south africa.

the top stories on al jazeera. some european leader have agreed to panning turkey's proposal to stem the flow of refugees to europe. ankara has ordinary r offered to take back refugees from greece in return for extra funding and fast-tracking of its e.u. membership bid.

more than 150 al-shabab fighters have been killed in somalia. tunisia's prieople have been attacked. it is the second anniversary of the biggest ever aviation mystery that has the disappear appearance of passenger on mh370. families of the missing held a somber vigil. mps in the parliament stood in silence. in beijing families of the missing demanded answers as they protested out the a buddhist temple. many chinese passengers were on that flight. the plane took off from the capital bound for beijing on

march 8 2014. about an hour later communications from the crew ceased and it disappeared from civilian radar. military tracked it for an hour as it turned through vietnamese airspace then vanished from the radar. transmission $indicate it then flew possibly for hours towards the southern indian ocean following this arc off western australia which has become the focus of the search efforts. last week debris thought to the found. >> the first object was our teams were already there and we given the green light to collect the debris and the debris is in our custody now.

we the debris as soon as possible. we will work together with australia in verifying the debris. on 2 january we are waiting for the charging to decide whether to in territory. so we will follow along. we are waiting for the judges to make a decision on this youth unemployment is major problem across africa and it is expected to get twice as bad. around 400 million people could be jobless in the next 30 years. having a degree is not make itting it easier. reporter: this privately run job training center is teaching high school graduates basic technical skills such as computer courses. this center could help them find work. some have been unemployed for years. this man owns the training center and employs a few workers.

he said finding work for job seekers isn't easy. >> for the opportunity, you find yourself sitting with over 2,000 people coming to apply for that opportunity. many people are distressed and lost hope >> reporter: the official unemployment rate in south africa is at least 25%. the unofficial rate is thought to be much hoper. >> reporter: it is very high, more than 90%. many teenagers don't graduate. many who do can't find work. u.n. says more than four million young south africans were unemployed last year. >> reporter: having a degree doesn't make it easier to find a job. there are more than 600,000 unemployed graduates. students about to finish their degrees are worried. >> i might not get a job. >> reporter: the government has created some jobs but many are temporary and unsustainable >> they're probably missing the structure. people are wondering if they're going to work in low levels, but in terms of the aged pension, we get this shock of young people that are not going to be employed. >> reporter: rising unemployment levels is a challenge facing most african countries. youth unemployment rates are double those of adults. the continent has the youngest population in the world. almost 20 million people are between 15 and 24 years old. >> reporter: many teenagers don't graduate. those who do finish school can't find work. more than 4 million african $were unemployed last year. having a university diploma or degree doesn't make finding a job easier. the african development association says there are more than 600,000 unemployed

graduates. students about to finish their degree $are worried. >> i might not get a job created some jobs but many are temporary and unsustainable. >> they're missing the structure. other people say this they are every going to work in low levels of manual labor, but now that their the [indistinct] we get this shock of the people that are not going to be employed. >> reporter: rising unemployment levels is a challenge facing most african countries. the continent has the youngest population in the world, almost 200 pillion people are between 15 and 24 years old. that number will likely double by 2045.

most african economies are not going fast enough to give most of them a choice of employment three years ago al jazeera filmed children working in coal mines in the indian state. we have returned to see if the government ban on such practices has had any affect. >> reporter: this is a miner turned farmer. when the government banned coal mining here he and many other switched to farming. he makes less money now, but says he is happier. >> translation: mining definitely pays more, but if i'm to think about mine and my family's health and safety, then farming is better. >> reporter: we spot at least eight active mines around his field. the ban has had little effect. we investigate further and find pemba. he was filmed by us three years

ago when he was a child minor. he was rescued by a charity but is back to working in the mines. >> translation: people like me don't have an education. who is going to give me a job. all i can do is manual labor and rely on myself. >> reporter: he confirms mines here are still operational and that children are still being used as labor. he takes us to meet some of them. the smaller one is his brother. he says he is 13 years old. >> translation: coal is very hard. sometimes when i strike stones lining this in the mean it creates a spark. my pick axe has broken too. i'm not afraid of this. what scares me the most is ghosts down there. >> reporter: they make five times more than the poverty line. they have no protection and it is dangerous work, not fit for children. they also have to buy their own equipment. nobody wears a helmet.

this continues to extract coal despite the court order. it is using children. these kipdz and their families are caught in a cycle of exploitation because mining is all they've ever known. they don't know what else to do. >> reporter: coal that was extracted before the ban went into affect was allowed to be transported. all new mining had to stop. that was two years ago. yet the transport of coal from these mines going on. we showed the evidence to a local member of parliament who also used to own mines in the rae john >> so-- region. >> so many people have been fined. when you have been in the business so long, people are tempted. >> reporter: all the bans seems to have done is force the small mines to close down and the big ones continue to operate

unchecked. the children who work in them seem to have no other alternative. into just a reminder just a remind remind. you can keep up-to-date at aljazeera.com. [♪ music ] this week on "talk to al jazeera" - chef and restaurateur marcus samuelsson. >> being able to have windows into three, four different communities is something that i feel privileged to the swedish-raised celebrity cook was born if ethiopia but group in scannedan ava. he and his sister were adopted