facebook. come back, we'll have more of "america tonight" tomorrow. e.u. around turkish leaders prepare for a second day of talks with hopes of a deal on the refugee crisis. also coming up on the program a defiant north korea launches missiles into the sea. chaos in brazil. anti-government protesters return to the streets after a controversial appointment by the president dilma rousseff. there are new efforts to bring farming to pakistan's largest city and the obstacles some

growers are facing. the european summit enters a second day of talks. the turkish prime minister is expected to join the meeting in order to finalise a deal. it will increase aid funding as well as other political stipulations. one of the requests is to have visa free travel for sur kish citizens-- turkish citizens. lawrence lee reports from south-eastern turkey. >> reporter: this was a trading post on the silk cruise in the 16th century. this is a mixture of kurds,

turks and arabs. the deal between e.u. and turkey would allow them all visa free travel to europe. people have no idea about the negotiations. >> translation: why not go to the world. if you have no visa, anybody you ask, if they have opportunity and some money, they can go for a holiday. they don't have to pay 400 and they will have no difficulties to apply to embassy and wait for a visa. >> reporter: the deal has been criticized over allegations that the e.u. is so intent on keeping refugees out, it has gone into demands, but just for visa free travel but also fresh talks on the european union. it comes at a time that turkey is growing authoritarianism. so fortress europe could become

fortress turkey. many rights groups say sending refugees back here could break international law. the whole reason why so many refugees make the dangerous journey into europe is because staying in turkey means it is difficult for them to get their children educated and get a work permit. this would force many more of them to remain here. in return every single turkish citizen would enjoy far greater freedom of movements across the entire schengen zone of the european union. the refugees like these find themselves stuck in the middle of an extraordinary set of negotiations. the response of the european union to the refugee crisis has become an car road accident's most power bargaining chip and apples many know it. >> they feel corned let down, their rights not respected and maybe betrayed.

>> reporter: this could be on the outer edge of the european union. the fact that the e.u. is prepared to talk about it demonstrates just how far it will go stop the flow of refugees north korea has reportedly fired at least one ballistic missile which flew 800 kilometers before landing in the sea of japan. the launch comes amid heightened tensions in the region after the u.s. or u.n. imposed fresh sanctions against north korea. the reaction has been as swift as the missile's launch, especially from north korea's neighbors. south korea condemned it as another provocative act. >> translation: north korea should focus on improving the north korea people's quality of life. this action is not good for themselves. >> reporter: as with a similar launch last week, the missiles

were fired into the sea between north korea an japan. unlike last week, these are thought to have been medium-range missiles at least one reaching 800 kilometers. >> translation: we strongly protest to north korea. the government will do not work in close cooperation with international community and respond firmly. >> reporter: this latest launch tests the patience of neighboring china. in china there's growing alarm at the instability on the korean peninsula and frustration that despite its influence, it's ally and neighbor continues to conduct the tests. >> reporter: earlier this week north korean leader confirmed his country's determination to continue missile launches and soon conduct a nuclear war head

test. those threats followed a nuclear test and a long-range rocket launch earlier this year. both movts promising increased u.n. and u.s. sanctions. if the international community was wondering if those sanctions were deterring north korea, this launch seems to be the answer let's take this on. we can speak to robert kay who is a professor of political science and a specialist on korean security. he joins us live from south korea. what's behind all this? is north korea just pos dooring or is it demonstrating it is on the way to nuclear capability? >>-- pos toring? >> i think it is both. it has a communist party and it will be a large party congress soon this spring. there hasn't been one for many decades. this is a big deal. i think that's one of the reasons why there has been so much activity in the last few

months. also further, they need to test the programs. we don't want them to, but i think it follows technically from what they've done before they will keep on going before they can marie up a nuclear war head to a missile so much for the sanctions that the u.n. imposed. they're the strikest, aren't they? >> they are. i do think it's correct that sanctions haven't stopped the programs. i think it is also correct that there is a great deal of disappointment how sanctions have never prevented them. it could be worse. not a political joyful thought but it could be worse. i'm optimistic about the new sanctions. i think they expand towards north korean being shut down on certain things they can buy how does china's role play

into all this and, indeed, the u.s.'s relationship with china? >> i think everybody is really watching to see if china is going to lose patience with north korea any time soon. we hear about china has a lot of leverage over pyongyang. they like to tell us this isn't so, but it does. china has taken a great deal of heat in the global media as these things of since the january nuclear test. it is a question of whether they are going are run out of patience. i'm surprised they have put up with this much. they have the sense that the chinese are getting nervous. i don't think anybody wants to be neighboring north korea with a nuclear weapon. it is already dangerous enough but with nuclear weapons dwrits worse thank you very much-- it's worse thank you. over a dozen u.s. troops have been pushed for an air strike in

an air strike that killed 42 people in afghanistan. there were mistakes that led to the bombing of a doctors without borders hospitals. the u.s. military was helping afghan forces retake the city. obama apologised for the attack and the pentagon ordered an investigation to the conflict in syria now. we are entering a fifth day of talks in geneva. the u.n. special envoy says that the distance between the government and opposition is large. staffan de mistura did indicate the two sides seemed to agree on one objective and that is keeping syria together. he updated the situation on the ground. >> during the last three days, surprisingly calm, according to the report of everyone, including those who have access to additional information. there have been some incidents

and at least there have been flee people killed, sadly, and one life is lost as too many. when you comparing to what there used to be in particular in the last three days, this has been noticeable in the task force for syrian president bashar al-assad it seems to be business as usual. he and on state tv laying the foundation stone for a new housing project in damascus. bashar al-assad poke of the need to build in the face of destruction and wants damascus to serve as a model for the reconstruction of other syrian cities. vladimir putin says moscow's six-month military operation in syria has allowed bashar al-assad to reassert his authority. video has emerged of a man from the u.s. who travelled to iraq to join i.s.i.l. he eventually fled and was captured by the kurdish peshmer peshmerga. he recounts his journey from the

u.s. the 26 year old says he was taken under the wing of the armed group and he lived in a house full of foreign recruits. he says he found the lifestyle too strict. >> once we got to the place where we began the sharia to learn about the religion, i didn't really support their ideology and that's at that point - that's when i decided i needed to escape australia's senate has passed voting reforms following a lengthy 28-hour session. the prime minister can dissolve both parties of houses and call for an early election. there have been stalled key aspects.

the latest reforms will make it more difficult for small parties to enter parliament through vote-sharing deals still ahead on the program, piles of stretch piling in lebanon is a health hazard for residents. >> translation: when the border opens, will be like one tribe and one family hopes for greater security and economic prosperity for the people in south sudan. in south sudan.

welcome back. the top stories here.

european union leaders are preparing for a second day of talks over the refugee crisis. they're expected to meet with the turkish prime minister. with hopes of pushing a deal through to help stem the massive migration issues. north korea fires a medium range ballistic missile into the sea. this comes days after the leader ordered weapons tests for a long range nuclear missile. south korea says it is a significant threat and japan condemns the launch. talks on the syrian conflict are entering a fifth day in geneva. the u.n. special envoy says the divide between the government and the opposition delegates are large and both agree on uniting syria the political crisis in brazil is deepening. a federal judge has blocked the move by dilma rousseff to appoint lula da silva as chief of staff.

protests occurred outside of parliament also in other cities. they say it is an attempt to attempt lula da silva from being prosecuted. lula da silva is held in high regard for policies. dilma rousseff needs that to survive. that's one reason why she has failed to tackle the budget deficit. in turn gdp is expected to shrink by 3.4% this year after a similar drop last year. this would mark brazil's deepest downturn in over a century. the dollar has fallen more than 6% this week. it bounce slightly on the news of the judge blocking lula da silva's appointment. >> reporter: this was the moment

president dilma rousseff hoped would pacify the country and turn things around. her popular predecessor being appointed chief of her cabinet, but it didn't last long. >> translation: she didn't let the engineers get in-- jeers get in the way. she welcomed the embattled former president into her cabinet. >> translation: welcome, dear companion, lula da silva, minister lula da silva. i count on his identity, the identity that he has with this country, with the people thf country. i count on this. chief of staff of the civil house. >> reporter: outside the presidential palace anti-government protesters clashed with supporters. both sides frustrated and angry at the many different and contradictory turns the country's politics have taken.

the demonstrations are not limited to the capital. for the second day in a row thousands took to the streets in cities across the country. tired of corruption and their politicians. despite the massive protest, the president is determined to press on trying to keep the country running. she says the protests are part of a healthy democracy and she is just doing what she believes is best as brazil's duly elected president. members of the lower house plan to make it difficult for her to hold on to her seat fast-tracking peachment proceedings against her for fiscal mismanagement. the president had hoped having lula da silva in her corner would shore-up support in her corner. nothing is calming emotions here.

it is also suffering the worst recession in decades. people are unhappy and they're determined to be heard austerity measures have sparked anti-government protests in colombia. the recent privatization of a state-owned power company is also causing anger. >> reporter: this strike comes at a bad time for the government. the approval ratings have plummeted since the beginning of the year and the government is still struggling to finally sign a deal with the biggest rebel group in the country. there is a general sense of frustration among the people that decided to come out and walk here and other cities across colombia. a general sense of frustration in what they see as their inability to deal with the government dealing with an economic slowdown. that has been brought by a drop

in oil prices. the local currency here has been devalueated, food prices have sky rocketed and they're protesting against austerity measures the government has been putting in place >> translation: the great majority of people feel disenchanted with the government. we support the peace negotiation. the popularity of the government is falling over day. people are demanding real solutions for their problems >> translation: i want to tell him that we are sick and tired of his decisions. how can you sell public companies that belong to all of us and are profitable and then he threatens us with high prices and black outs. >> reporter: however colombia suffered less most of its neighbors from the economic downturn, it is clear that here two people are starting to mobilize and are becoming increasingly angry towards many government policies pakistan's former military

rule has gone to dubai for medical treatment. his fart ur comes days after the supreme court ordered the government to lift a travel ban on him. he has faced self-charges relating to his time in power. before leaving the former president said he will return to face all pending cases against him. people in one of the world's most popular cities are increasingly concerned about how their vegetables are being grown. many are trying to use new farming techniques to produce their own food. >> reporter: every day children at this school spend time in the garden. they interact with nature, learn and discover where their vegetables are coming from >> the basic idea is that every student should know how to grow their own food. they should be connected with the food cycle. >> reporter: in a city of an estimated 20 million people that is becoming increasingly

important. environmentalists say an increase demand are making farmers neglect environmental risks. this is what concerns many people, the banks here which carry most of the city's waste are being used as farms. besides organic waste, these streams carrying untreated hazardous chemicals from thousands of factories dotted along them. you can smell the raw sewerage and chemicals here that is being used to provide nutrients to vegetables like this. medical experts believe that using this war can attribute to diseases such as cancer. that view was shared by people who are trying to convince others to grow their own food within the city. this man turned 100. his urban farm tucked away between an expressway and high rises in over 60 years old. he says using apartment roof

tops can help in many ways. >> to produce organic food in small quantity for themselves at very low cost and the ability to consume their food in a much healthier way, then the whole picture begins to change. >> reporter: hundreds of people are already trying to grow their own vegetable patches. she says her roof top garden keeps her happy and healthy >> we have heard about pesticides and fetter liesers which are harmful to us. i thought if i want a garden, why not grow vegetables instead of plours and garden. >> reporter: with the planting of each seed, teachers are hoping the importance of food will also take root in the coming generations in france thousands of students protested for the second time in two weeks against

proposed labor reforms. in paris police used tear gas to disburse the demonstrators. it will make it easier for ploers to high and fire staff and change pay levels. they said it is need to fix the high unemployment rate. there has been an outbreak of bacterial infections in lebanon. the rubbish crisis in its eighth month. >> reporter: for the past few months his morning routine has been the same. first he organises the nine medications he has to take throughout the day and then he sprays the windows outside his apartment with insect repellant. it is all part of an effort to prevent himself from getting sick again. he spent three days in hospital earlier this year with a severe case of gastro. doctors hold him the stomach infection was caused by

breathing in airborne germs released by the garage dump that has been growing unplanned just outside his building for month. the trash filed here is several miles high and stretches for at least a kilometer. >> translation: it's so dirty and smelly it is like living in a graveyard. i'm moment the only one who is suffering. all my neighbors are too. they never recover from their illnesses. the trash crisis began eight months ago after the mainland fill reached capacity and was closed without a replacement site being found. health officials have been reporting a dramatic increase in gastric and respiratory infections. many are burning their trash often in residential neighborhoods like this one here. according to researchers at the america university of beirut. the air kon tam neckaches in

this-- contamination in these areas is 400 times that of the industrial zones. days gone, reeveners found that the air in nearby areas contained 2300% more substances capable of causing cancer. >> the cancer based on this, we found that the amount, the number of people who will be prone to cancer raised from one person per million to 18 people per million. >> reporter: lebanon's government has promised to closed the landfill site and set up two sites in a bid to end the crisis. progress may be slow amid general political inertia. the country has been without a president for over two years because of political infighting. measures are not enough activists said. they want a more permanent solution. any steps are welcome to this man and others as long as the

trash is taken away soon sudan's government has threatened to shut its recently reopened border with its southern neighbor. despite the tension, people living along the border are hoping relatives will soon normalize and trade can resume. >> reporter: just a row of rocks and tyres serves as a roadblock here along the border between sudan and south sudan. people walk back and forth to bring coal or to take a sick child to the hospital. despite lingering tension between the governments, there appears to be a welcoming feeling, a reminder that until 2011 the two countries were one. >> translation: our brothers from south sudan and sudan are completely inintegrated.

we have common tribes and friendships. >> reporter: when the civil war began 2013, bort der area became a kind of one-way humanitarian corridor allowing people to seek refuge in sudan. last year the two sides battling in south sudan reached a truce. then in january sudanese president began a push to normalize relations with their neighbor to the south. the first step to reopen the border. right now only people can cross. trade will follow. once the two governments resolve lingering disputes over border lines. >> translation: when the border opens, it will be like one tribe and one family. movement between the two countries will be easier for everyone. >> reporter: this port along the nile river has been dormant for about five years. boats are docked and only a small crew remains to maintain them. before south sudan became the

world's newest country, boats pushed cargo to the south. they're interest for work to begin for those who lost their jobs. >> translation: now we are sitting without doing anything. it is like being a sick man. travelling allowed us to communicate with the south sudanese. that helped maintained our relations. >> reporter: the opening of a border brings with it the hope of a greater security and economic boost for sudan. this marks the beginning of international trade between the two countries. it is believed sudan could export millions of dollars in goods each year to south sudan the largest remaining monument of the russian communist leader vladimir lennon has been taken down. it was removed on thursday. the statue first erected 60

years. the removal of hundreds of students are to be removed all around the country. that's it for this half hour of news. plenty of more on our website. aljazeera.com, all the news we've been covering, comment and analysis too. evidence of slavery on a massive scale surfaced in the remote islands much eastern indonesia. this is ambon, an indonesian island 600 miles east of australia.