the latest proposal to replace health care legislation approved by president obama mccain says the bill is being rushed and he's demanding more details on what it would cost and how it would affect the insurance premiums senator bernie sanders praised mccain for using his conscience instead of following party loyalty those are the headlines. germany is varian now. where stunning scenery is playing host to europe's latest arrivals. separate in origin. they share a common roof and together dream of a german future. welcome to germany café vald loft a witness documentary this time on ounces zero. the centenarians of italy one hundred years old and counting. but what's behind their extended life spans scientists identify

a blood fire and often seems to protect their organs from the effects of aging but why techno expose the science of the blues and regions where people live it stream live long lives. this is a show about face change night. we're going to the intersection on the planet doing what he says show about science by science. liar and welcome to techno from southern italy. this is an absolutely beautiful part of the wild but it's also a giant birch tree the scientists this is one of the wild so-called blues are in an area where an unusually large percentage of the population live to one hundred years or more and that's exactly what attracted a team of international scientists to find out exactly why.

this is all children of. a village where time seems to stand still. long enough for people like i'm twenty of the solow and mina for duno to grow old he's one hundred and ninety three she's the younger woman than marriage and have been for more than sixty four years. and you are not. and you're not even boy and girl. these days if you stroll by the seaside apartment you're likely to capture a glimpse of the newly minted celebs. it seems that becoming famous for growing old . i think i'm tired here has been waiting so long for his lunch do you have lunch at the same time every day. they say that they have like

our time table regularly and i have it they have lunch at trav in the morning and they have the five invading every time like that since sixty four here's a girl. just a few doors down. at ninety five years old he's also active and independent enough to freely work the streets of the village. he lives alone on the top floor of this villa. he has no trouble heading back downstairs to show off his garden. in most places just antonio and mina would turn heads but a part of

a robust community. is the unwinding right leads to one of the many villages that all scattered along the coast of china town and they all share something very unique and special and celebrates a thing in common and that's that every village has at least one and sometimes more centenarians living there. according to research is from rome so pm so university and the university of california at san diego in archer only one in every sixty residents is at least ninety years old. by comparison according to statistics from canada one of every one hundred sixty three canadians was at least ninety. ninety five years old grazed the in his garden. must be hard work. to give these. i can hang they've been telling me i can take these to say hopefully

this will prolong my life. the temp lose owns was first established by two scientists gianni pests and michael who used blue lines to chart demographic data inside their two thousand and four landmark study identified sudden use neuro province as a region with an extraordinary high concentration of male centenarians denoted by their blue lines since then scientists have expanded the blue zone concept from sudden to include a canal in japan nicoya costa rica icaria greece and loma linda california the question what can be learned from the high concentration of centenarians living in archer running. actually as part of what's known as the challender coast of italy situated one hundred four kilometers south of naples. is a rugged picture perfect region that features mountaintop villages that spill out

to the mediterranean sea residents spend a lot of the time outdoors here working the land and walking nearly all the time. the region has become synonymous for good health rich in fresh produce passed on of oil and rosemary. this is where the so-called mediterranean diet was first scientifically studied by american scientists i'm sold here it's keys landmark seven countries study found diets and it's only in greece protective against heart disease it's now about to become the focus of twenty first century science. get outta here. with a tough century castle as an impressive backdrop a decidedly twenty first century team of researches descended on the heart of chile and had to announce the results of their preliminary study of the region. first of

all i think back to the. very early longer than me. would you rather be embedded in one of the met. when you talk with people like these and you reason these you think that you are abusing a person with seventy five or seventy in the main they they talk with you the man at the head of the study on the italian side is dr salvatore a disarm a professor of medicine and imagines the medicine director at university he explained what happened the first time blood samples from the centenarians were tested when we sent these a sample to san diego university we found that. it is starting probable in jeopardy when a supervisor to see that they found some a protein longevity lincoln in days a subject they never saw in a million so somebody said what does that mean you've you've discovered proteins in

the human body that has never been so excited this means a lot that we don't know enough. to get a proper glimpse of the centenarian population of. we headed up into the hills in a hurry to reach our destination before the sunset. we arrived at this home high atop the mountain village of cod in one of the village centenarians lives on the second floor turns out we didn't have to worry about the late evening hours one of. the. giovanni average arrow was awake and spending time with her family one hundred years of age this is one incredible woman a face shows a lifetime of experience and grace. she greeted me warmly this is a very nice place to live it's nice to have your independence through translator she told me she does sleep her life and i have family is close by her daughter nor

lives downstairs and is always there to help. we didn't speak the same language it wasn't long before she began to hold my hand in hers. so this is your husband. and how long ago was that thirty five years thirty five years ago wow bella. her husband died just last year at the age of one hundred in one they were married seventy five years a life now exists around the next three generations of family including her five month old great granddaughter giovanni like most centenarians in the study moves around easily scientists say is unusual for anyone over ninety to walk around without a cane or a walker research is also observed the centenarian strong cognitive abilities

sharing almost no signs of dementia or alzheimer's disease this was measured in terms of what is called functional status the ability to prepare food for themselves and move about on their own what's her favorite thing to eat what's your favorite. everything it's like they. didn't. significant the team of scientists she of honor doesn't wear glasses for her eyesight nor does she need a hearing aid and they see you in hay without any aids that's interesting. they say finding no one of these need for glasses. though while no news was needed to be cited for. that let's say i never see people the end of ninety leaving we don't have. the idea behind the research project is to determine what factors contribute to the centenarians good health and if they can be replicated magically

all through diet and lifestyle the pilot study was conducted over six months starting in the spring of two thousand and sixteen scientists took a close look at a select group of eighty one centenarians and their families they focused on physical cognitive life style family diet and genetics they drew blood samples from both the centenarians and their offspring. tecno was given access to the duran a laboratory this is where the majority of the centenarians blood work was taken for analysis technicians charted basic cholesterol levels monitoring both good cholesterol h.d.l. and the bad l.d.l. levels. they measured triglycerides or fat levels and major organ functionality. in this writing. was one. hundred one years old now you've probably.

heard the director of this lab is getting so excited about the results of this one hundred and one year old woman because of that is somehow big meat donated and uses the words bambina carmelite is like the blood of a young girl an interesting picture began to emerge from the lab centenarians showed some of the typical signs of aging. what makes them unique researches say if those factors did not result in heart disease hypertension is a problem with the centenarians in the area but oddly not sickening of the arteries how does that work together. subjects'. they ever station some of these expected because all the people of the age more than eighty five and ninety as increase on brother pressure due to the fact that there is a kind of a stiffness over the us to realize that makes the level of pressure increased but

that we would not be able to follow the same consequence here we see this this official so we see people of the age old and i think. without that faith. so in times of peace or pathology. we've means that although these people have got the vast risk that covers the nation they seem to be protected they seem to be protected or with the something that is going to interfere with the process of what they will put not a moment of the heart. it took a team of scientists from germany to starts one battle the mystery they began by measuring specific biomarkers in the blood of the study of chance with blood so and this is the authority read how good or how bad someone is from my own marcus affair because they the blood is telling you anything going into nor almost everything you need to know about healthy or eccentric. and drays backman and the to kill on

a small biotech company in germany both hold doctorate degrees in biochemistry they supply to test for hormone and join imagining they say is able to predict the health of the micro-second later e system the vast blood supply network to supports the body's organs the signal was . concentration of hormone which is named reno manually in this home or in controlled the microsecond nation so and if the micro circulation is very good there's no need of this home on it's very low and if it's a bad micro circulation it's up and very low when used in the centenarians. this was a surprising finding so you know lois very young so when we saw that these people have a micro circulation like very young people we couldn't believe it this blot told us that the micro circulation is much better in the centenarian than you would expect

if you look at the audience because the audience have a normal process of aging and strong contrast there too it seems that the micro circulation of these people has never aged the company's reports results made it even clearer since all of the eighty one subjects sampled were related comparing generations was easy one conchoidal process of future struck by a child as if it is fair to our younger relatives are fifty very old people and day had. good kids their function eighty percent of them had a kid their function ninety percent i had got heart function hundred percent of them had good micro-second lation and in addition to neri and i just was more striking to see that almost all of them had better kidney eighty percent had a weak heart or a stress cardiac function but all of them got micro-second lation so that was the

common factor between old and young good markers circulation it was a common factor and it seems that they have maintained their good microcircuits over long lifespan for that what i hypothesize how surprised were you at your findings because it really surprised me to normally you have. given you make an hypo to the generating that you didn't seek nerve with you must. confirm that in one thousand two hundred ten cells and subjects but here you do not need to confirm anything that strong that there is no question about the future show what we can find here in the chalange two that makes these people. so extraordinary bill because if you look at them they smoke as well they have a high up take off for difficult in restaurants to see that they have no diets at all except that they have to mediterranean food tear but you don't have to

impression that they are trying to live a healthy life they have just one so really thing and that's a hypothesis that maybe here is something in the food in the plants in the her whatever in the microbiome that headstone to maintain this x. and micro circulation you come into this region where there is no story for things that no make donitz no burger king so they have the smallest shops mainly selling and productive producers into the region therefore i think we have an extraordinary chance that somehow big part of the history of lifestyle and nutrition is preserved in this region on says could come soon the next more advanced phase of the study will focus on actually east diet i must say i wonder how they can eat all the for all the things that they smoke

a lot and they drink more than the average in people and in italy so they have more you know risk factor us if you will from from lifestyle point of view but they must have something which helps to help them to control their microcircuits then there is i must say it's to the speculation you know it may be this specific a nutrition in this area whether this something scientifically notable to the diet or even in the soil actually residents say that it has been a long part of the lives of the region. the subpoena family runs hotel in the playa one of the great waters. resorts this sitting on the shore of the mediterranean sea. while they don't have a centenarian in the family that was their grandfather he saw the importance of the region and made sure to connect this generation to the land the food.

the menu at the hotel features fresh ingredients shooting portuguese grown locally they own a farm just a few kilometers up the hillside. there's something about this area that. is helping. of life and i wonder if it's in the food that you're growing here i mean organic here is not a trend here is i mean is is what you have i mean they would not eat tomato in your samberg because they know there are no tomato in december did it represents our next generation but on how far they still go the traditional crops including rosemary scientists from the study team tell technique the looking closely at the rice me grown here because it may hold such benefits they don't yet know why but say on the surface it is more intensely flavored than very sweet cultivated outside the region everyone here have their own garden and know how to

grow stuff and know how to eat seasonal but not because they choose it as a because it's health here like we do it's because that's what they have because even this piece of men i mean i've just never smelt men like this before the thing is that here still and it's kind of virgin i mean here for example before the farm there was nothing there was nothing even not even someone like growing stuff so there is no danger that someone would have poisoned the herd or you know any the plants or anything and there are no industry here. all the land here it's not you. because you have heard it like fear it's yours because it was yours from your great grandfather then left it to your great father and your father and then you may still be alive telling you how to cultivate it yeah they don't have to hear and

although they are eating and. smoking and so on so there must be a secret. finding the answer to that could be the key to no one can i want saying so i think it might be an important factor of might be one of the key but i think life is using more complex the research team also cited the importance of another lifestyle factor the family multiple generations provide support as does the community at large. there is of course all these psychological factors and that you live in a social environment live in your family that you talk to people every day that you train your brain you feel responsible for you know all these factors you may call it soft factors as in town parton to research is also looking at other psychological factors in this study centenarians are resilient group they survive

two world wars famine and poverty when i visited antonio and mina i os was a single event in his life time was most important the centenarian spoke of hard times during world war two when he was stationed in north africa. one might think that unknown life involves a lot of comforts and. ease of living doesn't seem to be the case here from antonio what i'm understanding is that he's been through a lot in his hundred years and all of that has given him the strength of character . one hundred year old giovanna expressed similar sentiments during our evening together she often reflected on hard times she became emotional what describing life in this village a generation ago. life hasn't been easy working barefoot in the countryside certainly tough for anyone but that kind

of resilience that we see it's clear that she has a real strength of character. many different facets of life being examined mental health experts like the scales are studying the impact of psychological factors on the longevity of this unique population. the interesting thing is that there were only one point six percent. of the centenarians depressed versus four point seven percent of the group control depressed so the younger the children were more depressed then. the centenarians their. their fathers or mothers but this is just a pilot study and the younger generation may live to one hundred we don't know if it's genetic we have yet to find out but what's your prediction of people suffering more from depression. well because i work

a lot with the lessons. i can see there are more stressed there are more and they're getting more panic attack. centenarians don't even know what it is a panic attack. facing difficulties and traumas i've lived through two worlds analysts exactly so i'm really wondering. no saying what will happen to the younger generation. no one knows why just yet that will be for the longer term study with the clues of their the world has discovered. bringing outside influences to this quiet waterfront community the younger generation is finding reasons to leave leaving two largest cities like right still as the sun sets over a small group of seniors gathered at the local church for a saturday night press religious say this something special about the simple way of

life that they say cannot be measured by a blood test or a biomarker i don't sing at the end of the day you will get a pill and if you have to peer down and worry about anything else that will be too easy i guess. on never forget one hundred year old wishing me a life longer than hers as we parted and that could be a reality for all of us is the results from the research is happening in this region and it could significantly influence or even change the way we think about diet health and ageing in the future for technology i'm dr shinee so mara it's really see you next time. water scarcity is a serious problem when used more than probably you need to why is your with impact if their plants aren't demanding as much water you don't need to irrigate as much

as the age old head of collecting water tap water just came out of the air and we'll compare that to some tough water which could provide a solution to the problem of global water theft you know at this time zero. the streets is quiet the signal is given. out yet so it's safe to walk to school last year there are more than thirty metres in this community in one month the police say this area is a red zone one of several in some townships in quetta children sometimes a court in the crossfire when rival gangs fight so parents and grandparents have started what they call a walking bust to try to take the violence i lost my. way limbs years ago i also lost my but there are more than one hundred fifty volunteers working for several walking busses teachers say it is working class it in it has improved the volunteers also act as security guards. are

a break. away blanket coverage follows experts from politicians offer platitudes arm soundbites strong and stable leadership trying to play the media and shape the message in an age of simplistic narratives the listening post critiques the mainstream response today of the two hundredth day of this administration exposing the influences that drive the headlines at this time on al-jazeera. the top stories on china is imposed.