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and i welcome to the al-jazeera news hour live from our headquarters in doha with the end of the problem coming up in the next sixty minutes. preside over it. which must not be prepared. the president robert mugabe remains defiant despite a monday deadline for him to resign or face impeachment. a special session of the arab league criticizes iran and the lebanese army hezbollah accusing them of destabilizing the region. conservative candidate sebastian pinera takes an early lead and chile is general election. and will take a look at some of the challenges facing refugees and aid groups on the greek island of less.

we began in zimbabwe were a march anticipated speech by president robert mugabe has failed to meet the expectations of people seeking his alster mugabe ended a televised address to the nation without announcing his resignation he defied expectations by pledging to preside over his zanu p.f. party congress next month and that is despite the ruling party sacking him as its leader earlier in the day his wife grace was expelled from the party former vice president. who gabi dismissed two weeks ago will be the new leader the party has now given mugabe and ultimatum to step down as president by monday or face and pitchman and that comes five days after the military seized power and placed him under house arrest him it also reports from her body zimbabwe's president robert mugabe insists he's not going to resign speaking from state house flanked by army generals he said he will be at his on the p.f.

conference in december. for him. preside over it. which must not be prepared. by any act. to undermine it all to compromise the outcome in the eyes of the public. the ruling party removed him as leader on sunday but he still as a party member of the party has given with our banter midday on monday to lead. the students through. they were expectations he would resign after massive demonstrations are saturday calling for him to step down these are uncertain times for the country a lot can happen in the next few hours days or weeks president mugabe is using to

go he insists his fate should be decided at the december party conference. the army seize control earlier in the week and confine the country's leader to his private residence in harare zanu p.f. has reinstated him as a man and god where the former vice president who mugabe fired he is now head of. grace magog has been removed as head of the party's women's league and fired from zanu p.f. . is a master tactician he has survived assassination attempts and out of what it is enemies in the opposition and within his own party president mugabe has made it clear he's not going down without a fight. as an elephant was watch closely around the world especially bars and bob boys neighbors tanya page has moved from johannesburg. this much anticipated speech by zimbabwean president robert mugabe would have been watched by many south africans and of course the many of them barbarians who now call this country home having left their own because of political persecution and

many of course for economic reasons the fact that it didn't turn out how many people had expected with a resignation really shows us how fluid and dynamic this evolving situation is and that is perhaps why we saw a lot of his that and see on behalf of officials on sunday to comment on events unfolding there so south africa's government said it didn't want to say anything until monday that's when the deadline is for coast to be reached piers was criticized for the president to resign or else face impeachment and the southern african development community or said it also didn't want to make any comment until after its emergency summit and choose day luanda angola south africa has played a leading role in trying to reach a amicable solution to what to what south african president jacob zuma describes as a political impasse he sent on voice to zimbabwe which have been photographed in these negotiations but i think on this day those negotiators really played

a backseat role one of the things that really stood out for me and president mugabe's speech was this line he said that the country has a legacy of resistance and i think he is really living up to that legacy if you like and holding on resisting this really unprecedented amount of pressure for him to step down. right let's get more on this now we're joined by chief there an assistant professor and political science at his college and she's joining us via skype from ad pissed in massachusetts very good to have you with us on al-jazeera are you surprised by mugabe's defiance the seeping. i am surprised they can take most him but i expect him to be right but it is one of the. and yes that particularly that is all i expected him to keep a very strong speech i thought it was an meet the where you know i am heading will

however i wasn't sure but i did expect each week the similar language that's used today it's not the same of the revolutionary ideals on reconciliation remember his face the death sentence that wretch failed to him and made the whole point in that with him was the speech of the c.-h. and so he bore it so well that he addressed me challenges so only an old it was a speech that stayed all the right things but none of the things that people wanted and isn't it too late for the speech i mean he says he isn't going anywhere the party has made up its mind that given him on too many day on monday to leave some what happens now. well i think what we're seeing is a constitutional rights we're in legal battles and others feel as if this is a power play. so over the last week it's been about who's got the most powell who's

got the most support and the generals who will likely be to call when they see that this wasn't a military coup the moment they say that it wasn't a military coup so on one hand a military coup each illegal but the rules of engagement they are quite different than military generals what we outside the jurisdiction of their powers and putting a president and a house arrest that would have been a treasonous. act and also a arresting civilians as they mentioned that they had arrested members of the g forty according to the zimbabwean constitution if somebody has been arrested is supposed to come up in front of the court in forty eight hours in that didn't happen so which they had to put that we can't even say is i know you did some things that we illegal but we're not going to talk about that right now we're going to come together and move forward so i think that was his by getting cheap this

that's about what people don't realize that's what weighs very strong institutions so when you connect strong institutions with big men quality explain what's been a challenge in your hand that we didn't anticipate is there any chance to you think that he won't be allowed to see out his term on tone for the next election. what really depends on how impeachment goes tomorrow so on one hand then appears would it be had the members for impeachment if they had not just isolated a lot of the g forty people today so those people are still eligible to vote even though they've been fired from the party they're not fired from their positions as m.p.'s in parliament it is that statement has not been made by the president the vice president was fired from the party but he remains the vice president and the only viable successor to robert mugabe is should the president impeached so if robert mugabe's impeached tomorrow. the president would be that is in

a hole so then it would take quite a lot of elect sort of course the traditional maneuvering on the part of that appears to then say and remove this in a way in which emits a leg up and so now it comes down to the game of nappies and if we've seen anything over the last thursday of in years is that religion that it plays well when it's about numbers at the same time the opposition has about seventy members combined in senate and parliament and the question is are they willing to give some of the of holds true with the acosta function and what are they going to ask for it so what backing chip do they have so now that the president has given this speech which it number of things are in play now. and there it is great to get your thoughts and your insights. into the situation and we thank you very much for your time cheaper than barrett joining us live from ann hurst thank you. let's move on to other news

now an extraordinary meeting of the arab league in cairo has agreed to condemn iran and hezbollah calling the lebanese group a terrorist organization or saudi arabia request of the meeting to discuss alleged violations committed by iran in the region and that heightened tensions between deion and pair on and smith has more on. the egyptian secretary general of the twenty two nation arab league suggested they all shared concerns about fears iran is attempting to influence life across the arab world from yemen to lebanon to iraq and to syria. the whole region has suffered for the past few years the results and consequences of this dangerous iranian policy so dition violence fueling sick tarion divisions attacks on embassies actively supporting outlawed militias attacking legitimacy the list in reality is much longer saudi arabia's foreign minister told the meeting but his country's frustrations with iran go back decades

all the way to the iranian revolution in one nine hundred seventy nine in night if you will any leniency towards iran's hostile policies will encourage iran to continue with their hostile enterprise that's why today we're required to stand up genuinely and honestly with our people and governments to a dare to the charter of the arab league and international laws and to stand up to these privilege or its policies of iran. as they are oblique held its meeting iran's foreign minister was in southern turkey for talks on the syrian civil war tweeting from them a hammer javid zarif said he was working to build on the ceasefire iran helped achieve in syria he added that the irony is that the kingdom of saudi arabia accuses iran of destabilization while itself fuels terrorists wages war on yemen blockades catarrh and foments crisis. in lebanon yemen iran denies accusations but

it supports the rebels fighting the saudi led coalition which is fighting on behalf of yemen's internationally recognized government in syria iranian backed fighters of help shore up forces loyal to president bashar assad saudi support opposition fighters and were accused of allowing their citizens to fight for eisel and lebanon's prime minister resigned while in riyadh citing a radio interference in lebanese politics the saudis were accused of forcing zada hariri to step down bernard smith al-jazeera. so it's get more on this now we're joined by sanish hart a professor of middle east studies at the university of oklahoma and he's joining us via skype from norman oklahoma mr shot a very good to have you with us on al-jazeera so the arab league has issued this statement condemning iran and hezbollah nothing new there we know how to sell these figures at least about iran about hezbollah but what does what does issuing the statement mean what does it do. well it's largely symbolic it doesn't do very much

the arab league as a regional organization cannot do much and has not been a very powerful or regional organization even compared to other regional organizations there is one measure however that is quite practical and it's a small measure and that has to do with arab telecommunications satellites no longer broadcasting iranian financed television stations that's really the only immediate practical implication of this so this is a largely symbolic gesture on the part of the saudis and on the part of the arab league on all members of the arab league would have had support from all members to thank no that's not the case as you know the arab world is very divided and with regard to this particular meeting the arab league lebanon's foreign minister did not attend they of course would not have endorsed something like this hizbollah

being part of the government but that being said there of i would have misgivings about condemning iran or even hizbullah too strongly oman for example which has good relations with iran iraq which has relatively good relations with iran algeria also which is more neutral and and of course other countries so the arab world is divided and i think that's reflected in the arab league as well and what does that mean then that division for the sort of proxy war that we talk about so often between saudi air arabia and iran that seems to be very heightened at the moment. yes well it means that it is not certainly the entire arab world versus iran saudi arabia and the core elements behind in saudi arabia the quartet as it were the saudis the emraan t's the trainees and the egyptians outside of the gulf now are the primary players in this conflict and sometimes egypt has

a tapes with regards to some issues like for example syria but yes the herbal does divided and i don't think and as we've seen many other countries in the arab world including morocco for example tunisia algeria are fully in the so d. camp with regards to iran or with regards to other issues that divide the so does and there are iranians like the g.c.c. qatar prices for example let's decide how to as always it's good to get your thoughts your insights on this and to the some ashoka joining us live from oklahoma thank you. now and israeli cabinet minister says his government's had contact with saudi arabia to discuss their concerns about iran energy minister yuval steinitz made the disclosure and radio interview the first time a senior israeli politician has confirmed such contacts are taking place steinitz was asked why israel is keeping its ties with saudi arabia secret and he says times with muslim countries are often hidden because that's what the other country wants

. to chile now where votes are being counted in the presidential election conservative billionaire and former president sebastian pinera is the favorite but analysts say he may fail to get fifty percent of the vote that's the number needed to avoid a runoff next month socialist contender and former journalist. yet his main challenger chileans are also electing senators to deputies and regional council members and the latest numbers from the next two agencies show with fifty percent off the ballots counted panetta has an early lead he so far won thirty six point six six percent of the votes. got twenty two point six three percent well let's get more on this now we can cross to our national editor lucien newman she's in the chilean capital for us so i believe results as we as we're expecting lucy are.

not at all elizabeth in fact at this point there are more than sixty percent of the votes counted we don't expect the tendency to change very much this is a very disappointing result indeed for the former conservative president who had better in the polls had bet that he would get in the mid forty's in other words that it would be a done deal even if he didn't win the first round he would win the second hundred a journalist who is an independent running on the center left coalition has scored more or less with what was predicted twenty two point six percent but the big surprise here is bad. she's another journalist she represents the more of the left wing very much along the lines of bernie sanders she has galvanized the disenchanted left wing and so she and together and some of the christian democrats could very very well be. in the second round which will take part four weeks rather

four weeks from today this is something that the polls have not predicted as. we're seeing more and more these days the polls are wrong very interesting to see and why do you think that is in this case why hasn't been able to do is why as was expected because of the popularity of the other candidate candidates and the sort of disenchantment there. it's very clear that there is a disenchantment with the current center left government otherwise. would have done much better the left wing coalition that has governed for almost all of the last twenty seven years would have been united but they were split in this election but what it really shows is that more people are disenchanted or as many people are disenchanted on the left as on the center and the center right and you know as i say the polls have been getting it wrong all over the world recently and they just don't quite understand that there are many more people that wanted to protest but not necessarily in favor of a former president who had

a lackluster term back in two thousand and ten and who also is. dogged by accusations of impropriety and abuse of power while he was in the government so people are tired of corruption they want clean government but they also want results from their their leaders not necessarily the ones that they already know but somebody new very interesting to see i thank you very much for that sound latin america and it had to see a new human joining us live from the chilean capital where she is keeping track of the election results as they come in. we have plenty more ahead on the news hour including the search continues for an upbringing for. protests and. try to. help you did.

police in kenya rather have used tear gas to break up a demonstration by supporters of opposition leader a during. the protests broke out of the ofter a number of people were shot dead says at least thirty one of his supporters have been killed by police and militia since he returned to the country on friday or during a successfully challenge the reelection of president hu kenyatta in august he then boycotted a rerun saying it still would be a fair race well kenya supreme court is expected to decide on monday. as to be sworn in for his second term or if they will be another round of elections fahmy the men of reports from nairobi. the now familiar scene for kenyans as the country's political fate is decided in court the supreme court has received two

petitions that want to invalidate the october twenty sixth presidential run a former member of parliament says fresh nominations for the presidential candidate should have been held before the rerun while human rights activists say the election should have been called off once the only other main contender opposition leader raila odinga withdrew from the race but the electoral commission says the election was legal and kenyatta his victory should be upheld president elect rikan yatta who won the rerun with ninety eight percent of the vote insists the petitions are a waste of time legal expert julius came boyce's kenya's facing a historical process with potentially the results of a second election being thrown out this is a consolidated petition one is challenging the manner in which. i can deliver on his mandate so that is a legal issue the other one me. going on i mean it's based on the twenty thirty in

decision of the supreme court saying once the not a presidential candidate withdrew they should have been freshman emissions so one is more technical the other one deals with the substance. the stiegel challenge to the election result is the second in just months two months ago those courts a nod to the presidential election it said there were irregularities in how the electoral commission counted the final result and a new election should be held with just the two main contenders taking part that time around the core challenge came from the main opposition the national super alliance this time though political parties have stayed away and kenyans appear to have little interest in what's happening in court this certainly is a level of fatigue as many kenyans look forward to the end of months of election campaigning voting and legal battles and unfortunate but some say a court ruling either way won't immediately solve the political crisis brought on

by political economic and ethnic divisions this winner takes it all presidential system. has failed us and i think it's failing many other african countries as well . perhaps in. very diverse us. nations like like libya we need a hybrid parliamentary system that. the little station but don't have the citizens . with everything all citizens should feel included in government and for a second time kenyans wait patiently to learn if they should prepare for new elections or a presidential swearing in within the week for me to al-jazeera and i wrote. to syria now where the news agency is reporting that government forces have again taken full control of a welcome our near the border with iraq control of the city has changed hands

between syrian government forces and their allies and i saw in recent weeks the city was the last significant area that armed controlled and syria. now representatives from three leading nations backing the so-called deescalation zones in syria have met in the turkish city of ontology are russian turkish and iranian foreign ministers gathered ahead of planned talks by their president on wednesday osama bin job vade reports from tanya. this was a preliminary meeting between the three foreign ministers ahead of the meeting that is going to take place in sochi in three days time where the heads of state of russia iran and turkey will be leading about the situation inside syria what we heard from the russian foreign minister was along the lines of expanding the be escalation zones we've already heard would be limiting that was held between the russian and the american heads of state that there might be the possibility of another deescalation zone on the border between syria and jordan are also under

discussion was the inclusion of kurdish fighters who are operating on the border between syria and turkey if we heard the turkish foreign minister told al jazeera that the issue of president bashar al assad's future was not discussed here but will come up in sochi and he said that turkey's position about this has been clear . today we have discussed issues which have not been fully implemented from the istana talks we also discussed monitoring posts within and outside italy but turkey will be inside and outside there will be russia and iran also ahead of wednesday's such summit our chief of general staff and other security personnel will also meet so the three sides have come to an agreement to go ahead to sort to discuss the situation in syria to try and avoid civilian casualties come up with a roadmap to a permanent solution which includes the geneva road map that was laid out by the

united nations and they will be discussing contentious issues that are including not just the kurdish fighters the future of president bashar al assad but also the situation in the fighting continues. argentine officials say a satellite signals detected on saturday did not determine the location of a missing submarine the defense ministry had said that it detected seven sales satellite calls that may have come from the sun on raising hopes that the forty four crewmembers could still be alive contact was lost on wednesday. reports from the submarine base and martha platter. it's been more than four days since the argentina thora his last communication with the air a san juan satellite phone signals were detected on saturday giving course the hope . we had seven call attempts of a few seconds each possibly with very low signal which didn't complete that

information is still being checked we're confirming it so we can squeeze what we can out of that information to get firm data to localize it a huge search and rescue operation is underway with all of argentina's available resources being deployed along with assistance from a number of countries including the united states with these multi-mission search planes and specialist underwater rescue vessels so that's the desperation that back to hope again all here know the south atlantic is a cruel and unforgiving sea and with each hour that passes without contact being made without a sighting the anxiety is rising argentina is holding its breath hoping praying for a word a sign of life from the forty four crew members. i also pray for the crew members of the argentinian navy submarine who have gone missing. in the air a san juan one of three argentine navy submarines was built in germany in one

thousand nine hundred three and has since been refitted to serve another thirty years it was on a ten day voyage from the southern port of wire to its base the model platter when contact was lost the weather is not helping but the search and rescue operation continues unabated. argentina. still ahead on the news hour. on world toilet day i'm rob mcbride in cambodia a country dealing with a universal problem. i'm going to take stadium on that score. how i we've got stormy weather pulling away from the eastern seaboard of the u.s.

at the moment eastern policy of canada to be replaced by clear crisp sunshine bright skies coming back in behind behind a very a cloud of rain but still he's out into the open waters of the northwest pacific. in new york modestly the top temperature there for on the chilly side some snow. and some snow over towards the west around the rockies pacific northwest of the u.s. seeing some rain sleet and snow a fair amount of cloudy and i just think a little further south which as we go on through chief they say quote adult life and much of california. just around the eastern seaboard but inland takes days further north it shouldn't be too bad some bright sunshine coming back in thirteen celsius in new york talk to me around seven degrees there. having to back up by choose day afternoon back to across the great arrived today we have got some cloud of rain just pulling away from hispaniola pushing towards puerto rico there's a lot of cloud one that will bring some very heavy downpours into colombia and into

where panama event is way to get a few showers there into dominican republic and also for haiti want to still looking for jamaica. transport measures employed to tackle pollution in one of china's showcase cities the thing that my twenty twenty on the tax efficient but to me only like. and how environmental grassroots campaigns are joining forces in the us there is a global connection that is happening and we're going to utilize that power to make change not only for today but for future generations as well. this time on al-jazeera. the story that had the greatest impact on me would probably be the. thirty four miners died and we were there were no very few television things being

right on that time to dismiss some of that story out of the story and films and stuff like that tonight i want this to viewer in malaysia like al-jazeera english because the news is not sent it and you didn't miss any of the news or any of it because you can watch it on my. good to have you with us. these are our top stories president robert mugabe has stepped down despite pressure for him to resign and rest of the nation he said he'll stay on to. party congress next month that's.

given a monday deadline to resign. and the arab league has condemned iran and hezbollah at a meeting and hiero calling the lebanese armed group a terrorist organization saudi arabia requested the meeting and that heightened tension between india and. lebanon. percent of the vote has been counted in chile's presidential election conservative and president sebastian pinera is leading with thirty six percent. contend yet has more than twenty two percent. let's return to our top story now on the political turmoil and zimbabwe and better president robert mugabe has the country for thirty seven years and is the only most zimbabweans have ever known a hero of the independence struggle. and maintain a firm grip on it sonia looks back at his often.

he was perhaps the most infamous ruler in africa who destroyed a promising country through his determination to cling on to power adored by some but despised by others in zimbabwe although widely admired across africa as a hero who stood up to the west. one thousand nine hundred five rhodesia and even smith's white settlers declared independence from britain an event that defined robert mugabe's life. the black majority resisted racist rule in the cities and out in the countryside where a vicious bush war raged for years robert mugabe a teacher turned activist emerged from prison as an articulate leader of the independent struggle we started the war in order to give our country then we haven't got our country. they did get their country at lancaster house in london in

one nine hundred seventy nine and when zimbabwe celebrated independence gobby the overwhelming winner of elections was in power and soon showing the rival liberation fighters what do to keep it to be learned in the early one nine hundred eighty s. the opposition crushed thousands killed in ethnic massacres atrocities that were barely noticed abroad. but there was also much to admire robert mugabe brought education and health to millions of the vile vians. although later the economy declined and the invasion of white farms in two thousand were turning point this time the world did notice. people said progress was going to happen of course going to turn into a bloodbath turn into another congress maybe this is it. we're going to get out of it was a chaotic destructive process but mugabe said he was correcting an old injustice.

please it's not the business of britain used to tell us. not whether those who were given members of my by my party is relevant to britain. by now the opposition was growing despite torture murder and manipulation many zimbabweans are ready to throw mccarthy out. they had a new hero morgan chang he said robert mugabe's early achievements will always be overshadowed by the years of oppression. as the great liberator or. as somebody who has betrayed the liberation. i think. was i think. the legacy built. at one stage the two rivals ended up in government

together although mccarthy made sure he kept the real power and chang later returned to a position by now his wife grace forty one years his junior had emerged as a political player and gobby well into his ninety's seem determined to go on and on he liberated zimbabweans but he also left them his room as a legacy so you go al-jazeera. even channels mugabe's biographer and he says this is the end of the zimbabwean leader's time and. this is simply the old man going down with all of his guns firing. blank shots however because they can't have any real effect he's a gentleman who's going to have to reinvent himself he does not have the world's kindest past if i can put it this diplomatically is possible but i think he will try to reinvent himself so he can reconnect the country globally the task is very

very much to forge some kind of economic base so the country can come out of great inflation come out of non-productivity come out of a past where everything was maad four decades back and try to take the country into a future of stability it will take a long time before we can take it into actual prosperity i think three hundred percent inflation by christmas and i don't think you can reverse that overnight just by a new president this is going to take months of very very difficult work to even lay the foundations for reinvigoration of the economy and in fact there's no foundation except that foreign countries such as china for instance would pump some liquidity into the economy there's no production base that makes commercial sense of this moment in time. there's been a new wave of anti-government protests and togo demonstrators are calling for an overhaul of the political system and an end to the void in the us and by families fifty year grip on power of the president ashong little interest in vacating his

seat on a honda reports. the government put the figure at twenty thousand the opposition says there were ten times that number the discrepancy over how many were out on the streets of togo's camp is a long way on saturday gives some insight into just how far apart the opposition and the government and how little interest they have been each other's views protesters want a president for missing baby out and a two term limit on who will take his place but the president is resisting sidestepping proposals that would see him go. fifty years is too much for one family we're sick of this you'll see we're sick of this. for three months people have been calling for an end to the political dynasty togo is the only country in west africa

that doesn't and he had to presidential term limits that's kept than a single family in power for half a century first missing by a demo for thirty eight years and then his son who took over in two thousand and five when his father died president full pledged in late september to hold a constitutional referendum but the proposal for a two term presidency is not retroactive that means missing by could stand again even twice potentially keeping him in power until twenty thirty as tensions rise the president has called for loyalty from the armed forces protesters have responded by handing out flowers to those seemed to keep the pain was. a flower for each member of our armed forces the army is ours we want the armed forces to take the lead in the struggle and finish it with us the government was having none of that. no no no our armed forces are loyal to our institutions that

is final nothing beyond that. the situation appears to have no clear resolution in sight both sides blame each other for violence that has killed sixteen people of the last three months was difficult and members of the african union have stepped in to try to get the two sides talking but until that delivers meaningful change these protests does insist that will keep matching. al-jazeera. at least fifteen people have been killed and five others injured in a stampede and morocco the incident happened in the village of. an essay where a province food aid was being distributed at a market most of the victims are women aid groups and boys are struggling to cope with the number of refugees heading there by land and sea official foot is up to two hundred people a arriving every day many end up on the island of less balls which has become

a popular landing home for about a million refugees since two thousand and fifteen john vause reports from their. omar is trying to keep his costs from climbing he's borrowed this warehouse from a fisherman to store donated clothes a dozen volunteers have come from all over the world to help him. has spawned a number of volunteer run groups in the past two years what makes his different is that he is himself a refugee who once spent fourteen hours in these waters swimming from turkey to greece yes i meant them by boat but they swim and they know where the how i feel in the sea and they know what the people feel and they see when the i feel i know how and with that that everybody the great coast guard recently called on help when a group of refugees landed their rubber boat on an uninhabited island off us and refused to leave when a spot where within. twenty minutes or it's been four of them. what we do here

believe me we were. there and we were held. and the river came also helped to clothe and feed these afghans who arrived overnight less of us has been the european landing for more than a million refugees since twenty fifteen as this life jacket and rubber raft graveyard attests and the island continues to receive the majority of arrivals in greece which is why it continues to need volunteer organizations refugee for refugees manages to scrape together three to four thousand dollars a month in donations from britain spain and the united states it's a small operation but increasingly important european funding for n.g.o.s on the aegean islands ended in july leading many of the larger groups with corporate salaries and overheads to pull out the government is calling on those who can support themselves without public money to take their place. we don't even

require an organization to be an ngo five friends can come and declare that they will teach french to the refugees on mondays wednesdays and fridays solidarity we depend on it. also karl was an ambulance driver in syria helping to ferry the sick and wounded to turkish hospitals for treatment he's still essentially doing the same job but this time for free jump al-jazeera on the north shore of lesbos. the united nations marked world toilet day on sunday it's part of an effort and spa action to tackle a global sanitation crisis and says four point five billion people live without a household toilet that safely disposes waste eight hundred sixty two million people going to the toilet in an open space in the bushes or in the water and that means one point eight billion people use a source of drinking water that could be contaminated it says improved sanitation combined with safe water and good hygiene could prevent around eight hundred and

forty two thousand deaths every year where cambodia is one of the country's worst affected but it is working hard to implement a new program to get people to install and use toilets rob mcbride reports from kampong spew province. in the center of this cambodian village the ngo watershed has organized a sales pitch for the toilet people are asked how many don't have one the answer is most. instead of getting a donated toilet the idea is to make it something to aspire to and value. has just got one she used to go into the field at the back of her house it's now she has pride of ownership and her friends want to. my neighbor says when her daughter sent him money the next time she'll buy one. simple concrete pipes sunk into the ground she got her toilet from contractor poissy pie who started making

them two years ago. it's good business i'm now selling about fifteen to twenty a month creating a demand that leads to a market that solves a problem for women and girls especially going out at night in remote areas carries with it the risk of attack a lack of toilets in rural cambodia also does significant harm to the development of children it's estimated a third of under five year olds suffer from stunted growth when children are exposed to feces in their environment they repeatedly get bouts of diarrhea so all the good things that are going in coming straight out in the capital phnom penh a regional conference considered solutions it's addressed by dr. a pioneer who developed a strategy in bangladesh based on peer pressure that's now adopted worldwide if you were not allowed to drink in the open by the community use your french toilet or

unity started getting different communities to come up with solutions to a shared problem rather macbride al-jazeera companies spew province cambodia. now more than thirty thousand vandals have taken part in the half mouth and the indian capital despite health warnings from doctors about some via pollution levels is that he has been blanketed and talks like small wakes the indian medical association is calling it a health emergency. we have this false news still ahead on the new zeland as a dramatic end to the season on spirit into details coming up with peter and. the new era in television news. it doesn't say that it's

a tough to do things in secret that i miss we had actually victims who had survived torture detention and saying this was the cause or my arrest if you could. just stay there but we did still got this conviction that everyone has a deep reservoir accountability if you give them the opportunity and wonderful things start to look at the actual distance there's at least twenty thousand for him to refugees who live here we badly need at this moment leadership and so there's an interesting about that as well as i don't know if trump is going to be the next president retaliation with the other guy. actually saying this is a subset of it best if we're going to be if you're getting anywhere there's good record that. he achieved something that never happened before.

and your exhibition showcasing award winning photo journalism is getting people thinking about the world's most pressing issues don estabrook want to take another look and washington d.c. in the u.s. capital a city known for making headlines visitors are going underground immersing themselves in some of the year's most gripping news stories from around the globe the world press photo exhibit at the dupont underground gallery features the best in visual journalism from the uplifting to the unnerving curator robert mind says photos such as that capturing the assassination of the russian ambassador to turkey are among the most compelling it's a photograph of contrasts you have

a exhibition space where everything is very controlled you have the man's finger in a safety position on the gun and yet you have that extreme anger in his face. the exhibit in an abandoned trolley station features two hundred fifty photos by press photographers some are projected onto the walls they cover a broad range of topics from the protest of a pipeline in north dakota to the war in afghanistan it's an amazing image it reminds you of peotone after that to the impact of fishing on sea turtles there's a green area around the turtle and the more you look at it the more you realize it and that. mine says photos humanize the story in a way the written word doesn't it explains in a single image so much about an issue in the complexities behind the issue it gets people thinking this exhibit is in the heart of washington embassies universities and think tanks so the idea is that people come here and take a look at these pictures and maybe begin talking about them and potentially

influence public policy. codea loven and veronica pharaoh's said the exhibit forced them to rethink stories and consider the people behind them you hear sometimes in the news but you're not really confronted with these things on a daily basis we also have discussed the ethical dilemma of the journalists and of the photographers who see it what is what is their role in responding to it are they just there observing and documenting or are they ethically obliged to follow through with something the exhibit is scheduled to one hundred cities around the world with four million people expected to see it curator robert minds hopes it will help people confront issues that make them uncomfortable or they may have forgotten diagnosed or broke al-jazeera washington it's time for sports now has. thank you very much the big four in men's tennis may not have been in action but the final day of the a.t.p. season did not disappoint at the world to a finals in london grigor dimitrov came of age to be to have

a golf fan and win the biggest title of his career the top eight players in the world start of the week at the o two but it came down to a battle between golf fan who don't forget beat roger favoring the sameas and dimitroff the bulgarian had defeated go often in the group stages earlier in the week for the loss of just two games this was a much closer affair but the results the same in the end as dimitroff triumphed in the deciding set the twenty six year old is the first player to win the european showdown on his debut since alex put richer back in nineteen ninety eight will move to a career high ranking of three in the world on monday. in the doubles final in london there was a second consecutive year in the crown for henry continent and john king is the finish australian duo defeated top seeds lucas and co bots and marcella melo six four six two it's their first title of the season and their first pay to win back to back titles at the world to a finals since the bryan brothers won in two thousand and three and two thousand

and four. to be honest good i thought every match and fight here were my better and better as the way it's gone so it's nice to actually come back and defend the title . and there he was going to go on as after winning despite his loss in the last four of the world tour finals roger federer has had a standout season winning two grand slam titles five other events and climbing back to number two in the world rankings now earlier we spoke to the director of the sports science agency john mccarthy and got his thoughts on why the swiss is still able to be at the top of his game at the age of thirty six there's no number of number of reasons why he would form a socially level. perhaps the first one is the fact that he's not just accepted that he is getting older and he's able to change a trainee recovery stronger if you look at what he don't issue he's actually reduce the number of games it is played on twenty five percent compared to when he was in his late twenty's or early thirty's there's

a lot of things that change first also and probably was supposed to last fall's woman probably the most dramatic change is that the hormones associated with muscle development and maintenance begin to. begin to slow down and not affect se particularly from an hour or. two so it's quite relevant in tennis also we see the quality of connective tissue drop and that can lead to a lot of injuries to tendons and ligaments because if you get injured more than you can train it's much i'm not going to have an impact on you forms in golf the european tour has reached its conclusion with both the season long a race to dubai and also the chairmanship title decided on sunday and then pick champion justin rose had looked poised for a third straight to a victory and second order of merit crown after the shooting for much of the final round but three bogeys on the back nine ended his challenge that meant the lucrative race to dubai title went to another englishman tommy fleetwood fleetwood

finished in a tie for twenty first on eleven under but with two two of victories in abu dhabi and france this year that was enough to see him end the year as european number one for the first time meanwhile the season ending event was won by spain's john rom the twenty three year old who only turned professional in twenty sixteen finished on nineteen and for a second victory of the season. those amazing. units are hard to believe it's going to be a couple days because they're going to go by till i realize that i would have done well a couple weeks to realize what i've done this year and you know. it was difficult because. when i you know i got anything going and you get to the twelfth thirteenth hole and i was looking at leaderboard and he was doing well and then it becomes difficult just makes it to you watching what he's doing i wonder how it you know what's happening and you still got concentrate on your game and that was difficult really towards the end of the round and then once i finished. completely out of my

hands then which is the oddest thing to watch and i just sat there being held to do nothing. so it was along our house and now this one is only for the bravest marathon runners and there's a marathon run over several days this one taking place right now in oman sunday's stage consisted of twenty kilometers of soft sands high dunes and small portions of hard aground with some grass along the way to. beatty of morocco when the second stage but that is only as far as the men are concerned the moroccan trails overall race leader in the title of a rusher by thirty seconds in the overall classification more than one hundred runners from fifteen countries are competing in this event spending one hundred sixty five kilometers of six stages across the oman desert it will finish on the shore of the arabian sea. had to learn. they didn't today stage was very hard with a lot of jews in the first ten kilometers but the remainder of the race was flatter thankfully i finished in second place behind the world champion from the desert to

the snowy slopes of italy with the freestyle skiing big a world cup continued big error is said to make it a limping debut at the winter olympics in pyongyang in twenty eighteen so with less than three months to go that it's not surprising that there was an all star field in milan for this event switzerland's alias triumphed in the men's competition after receiving a maximum of one hundred points for this eve effort and the aptly named the colleen ballet bears was victorious in the women's contests frenchwoman also tops the world cup standings. i bring spain well rail and a vertical madrid slip further behind barcelona in la liga standings after they draw on saturday valencia have taken advantage and are now six points ahead of the madrid duo but for behind barcelona valencia were aware espanyol on sunday and goals from jeffrey kahn dog and sente mean wrapped up a two no win for them and finally supporters of the dutch football club have made

a moving tribute to the late son of their australian goalkeeper bread jones saturday marked six years since the death of jones's five year old son luke after a battle with leukemia the entire ground joining a rendition of you'll never walk alone while lighting the stadium with a mobile phone. and that's all the sport for me another update coming up again later and that does it for the news hour but i will be back in just a couple of minutes with another phone on the. it

. was. it's the end of the breeding season as we take a ferry through the straits of magellan to magdalen island today the island is a penguin colony sanctuary with access to tourists accompanied by foot nine percent penguin expert cloudy a lawyer we learned the penguin colonies in south america are under threat climate change is one reason it is well documented that changing rain patterns or spend was to abandon flooded nests warmer ocean temperatures have diminished the quantity and

quality of fish for the penguins who were swim further and further away to feed their young overfishing and ocean contamination especially plastics are also killing penguins i am taking historic steps to lift the restrictions on america without regulation profit tax policy on health. and the environment was a surprise. that some of the havard of big pharma protection is going to take their. life down the cost of the. toxic wall of this time on al-jazeera. preside over it. which must now.