with over forty thousand people killed under his rule it took twenty five years to bring him to a court of law. but why for so long with such a brutal dictator considered an ally of the west who here reporting to the congress and to the press they were engaged in a clandestine al-jazeera unravels the history of chad's notorious former president the same habit a dictator on trial at this time on al jazeera. was the end of an era celebrations in zimbabwe as president robert mugabe resigns after

thirty seven years in power. flowing down jordan this is al jazeera live from doha also coming up lebanese prime minister saad hariri returns to beirut more than two weeks after announcing his shock resignation in riyadh. dramatic video of the rescue of a dog korean soldier who was shot while escaping across the border into the south. and a verdict due at the war crimes trial of bosnian serb leader right come luggage used of genocide against muslims and. we begin with the resignation of zimbabwe's president robert mugabe who stepped down after thirty seven years in power it sparked scenes of jubilation around the country with large crowds filling the streets in celebration reports in the capital harare. jubilation on the streets of had already across the country that robert

mugabe rule for thirty seven years while. maybe even days. news demagogy was stepping down came as both houses of parliament sat in an extraordinary session to debase the president's impeachment to speak at the speed of the session and told m.p.'s that he'd received a letter. if. mugabe wrote that he was resigning with the media's effect voluntarily in order to facilitate a smooth transfer of power. to the crowds outside those who was many thought they'd never have ever since i was born i have never heard this day i'm so glad for thirty seven years we have been our fathers were there when my father the war

veteran you went to war. went to perry. well listen to him mugabe's departure comes an emotional week off the minute she first took to the streets intervening in party politics over his succession it likely means that this man. will become zimbabwe's interim leader i had of elections in. the exuberant now some a cautious about any person who's been proven by where you live to listen to people simply what you see what. the people are now with when you only get one listen. and politicians like for you to hold we have supported them along to trouble me a couple through these demonstrations and words from god was to play the game fairly if it is not well to play the game fairly we will touch him on you also we

are sick and tired of the sun look here soon. go ahead for decades been a faithful mugabe lieutenant described as a president's in close to the army and nicknamed the crocodile if you will. described as a democrat. many a right to wonder but there's an era will be much different from the past on this night and for now though not mean ok. or that whatever it. was. was. no one knows what's going to happen next it's a new dawn for the country for a people who have only known one leader since the one nine hundred eighty s. . had an al-jazeera as paul brennan takes a look now at the life and career of the veteran zimbabwean leader there will never be eighty. years there will always be.

in control that was two thousand and seven. ten years later when the people let their views be known opiate encouraged by zimbabwe's military robert mugabe ignored them and then surprise them when he didn't announce his resignation and widely predicted t.v. address i thank you and good night after thirty seven years in control mcgarvie found it hard to let go he's made a career by deftly apa new for potential rivals one of the first to be sidelined was joshua como a fellow liberation fighter and comer was leader of the zapata party gabi merge them with his son who p.f. party their alliance was uneasy i don't cum i was relegated to the figurehead role of vice president. at the turn of the century the gobby started seizing farms owned by whites to a peace supporters angry at the slow pace of land reform the economy shrank by

a third unemployment soared about eighty percent. out of this economic turmoil another rival emerged we must have given it is sounding defeat morgan chander i formed the movement for democratic change it became popular enough to risk defeating mugabe in a presidential election runoff in two thousand and eight. i was beaten up frequently arrested and intimidated dozens of his supporters were killed allegedly by zanu p.f. thugs and the m.d.c. leader withdrew from the election worried about the stability of its neighbor south africa forced both men into a coalition or i became prime minister but mcgarvey retain control of the police army and secret service and with that the real power of gabby won the election four years ago by a landslide supporters said voter registration lists were manipulated critics said

mccarthy was just as ruthless at dealing with rivals in his own party war veteran and vice president joyce mature and was fired in two thousand and fourteen accused of corruption and plotting to assassinate the gobby this time a gabby's wife grace was seen as instrumental in engineering mature its downfall it was the clearest signal yet the mcgarvie was now not only protecting his own position but also laying the path for his wife to succeed him the sacking of emerson made that obvious the vice president nicknamed the crocodile had been in pole position to succeed mugabe firing him cleared the way for his wife. but this time the ninety three year old president had gone too far when a god is close to the military leadership and they stepped in. after thirty seven years robert mugabe's days of exercising unchallenged power well over. well reaction from a god by his resignation has been coming in from around the world tanya page looks at the international reaction. as the news that robert mugabe had resigned hit the

streets of johannesburg there were celebrations relief that one of africa's strongman had gone we don't want to. listen to this it now it's night. this is just so many years that that was just a. few. of. these are a fraction of the hundreds of thousands perhaps millions of zimbabweans who lift their homeland in a desperate search for work and some who fled political persecution a sense that a profound change has taken place was echoed at the united nations secretary general and his predecessors have made clear that we expect all leaders to listen to their people and from britain's foreign secretary this is a moment of hope for zimbabwe and for the people of zimbabwe the state department

was also looking to the future we look forward to and hope for free and fair elections he was a disport to some but remains an influential figure in african politics many zimbabweans believe countries like neighboring south africa helped to keep him in power by approving elections some thought a questionable since about was military intervened south african president jacob zuma has encouraged a negotiated settlement but it was thembi as president go along the who took the lead reacting to magog his resignation saying it's time for the army to return to their barracks so zimbabweans can focus on cohesion and unity a call echoed by the main opposition in south africa the democratic alliance another opposition party the economic freedom fighters said zimbabwe's should at vannes and promote. mugabe's land reform program that stripped white commercial farmers of property placing it in the hands of black people and state the use of

robert mugabe's legacy in this region will be mixed many people supported his idea of but not the way they were realized and for a long time many people have forty should step down that would be glad it's happened peacefully but not that it took so long tony a page out as there are. to lebanon now on the return of prime minister saad hariri he's arrived in beirut two weeks after announcing his shock resignation while in saudi arabia a river is expected to attend lebanon's independence day celebrations on wednesday president michel aoun has refused to accept the prime minister's resignation believing it was done under duress alone previously said harry was being detained by saudi authorities riyadh has denied the accusations in a hardass of this update from the lebanese capital. heavy day back in beirut for the first time really since his father resignation on november for sudden resignation which was delivered in

a televised address from the saudi capital riyadh it raised a lot of question a resignation that it might take a crisis two weeks really of a lot of uncertainty not just surrounding his resignation but about his circumstances while in taba arabia many in lebanon believe that in one way or another had really was being held off really now back in beirut definitely. like i mentioned those mysterious circumstances there was a diplomatic turmoil over his fate but the. crisis is still there lebanon really is not immune to political crises or political instability and. people were worried because you found it really at the center of. the wire very between saudi arabia and iran. is very nation was in saudi arabia move against hezbollah hezbollah being an ally of iran the law being

a member of. government they wanted to curb the ones. who move let's say backfired because the lebanese came together from across the political divide. by the fact that the prime minister. was practically a hostage that is the feeling here of course saudi arabia denied this. the country came together but how long will this unity last because the differences are still there and the question remains will insist on his resignation or is he going to withdraw it we understand is that the president is going to try to dissuade him from resigning. to to try. over a period of a compromise your father had we were looking. to come here and al-jazeera including increasing concern in the search for an argentine submarine missing for almost

a week plus. we had a great. u.s. president donald trump talks on his phone conversation with his russian counterpart the war in syria topic number one. there's plenty more rain on it's way for some of us in north america it's been in the northwest of our mark where we've seen the wettest of the weather recently and that cloud is still working its way towards us a more heavy rain and snow is expected for the northwestern parts of the u.s. and the western parts of canada this is only slowly edging its way eastwards as we head through thursday plenty more cloud and rain following it so still staying very very wet meanwhile towards the east is actually drawing up for some of us here

pretty waterlogged at the moment in some parts of it but it should be joyous over the next few days it won't be warm though our maximum temperature would just be around three degrees for the towards the south or for his phone you know we've seen plenty of planning plenty of rain over the last few days here's that area of cloud with this now it is beginning to move its way northward though so force in the dominican republic and for haiti does look dry on wednesday instead the wetter weather will be a reports of cuba and stretching down through jamaica as well and that's really where we're expecting the wettest of the weather on thursday to meanwhile office out for america plenty of rain over rio over the past few days and that showing no sign of moving anywhere in a great hurry so this system search is still down through rio more wet weather still to come to the south of that is actually not too hot in the sunshine but twenty seven. captaining a leading used team at sixteen years old takes determination. to that staying on

top of your game at school. the whole family bands together and shares the sacrifices necessary for a son to have a shot at becoming a professional footballer. my tunisia home game at this time. welcome back a quick reminder of the top stories here on al-jazeera zimbabwe's president robert mugabe has resigned as the country's leader after thirty seven years in power it sparked scenes of jubilation across the country with large crowds filling the

streets and celebrations. lebanon's prime minister saad hariri has arrived in beirut two weeks after announcing his resignation from saudi arabia lebanon's president previously said i really was being detained by saudi authorities which they denied. that north korea is accused of violating the korean war armistice agreement by chasing a defector across the border between the two countries this video shows the defector being chased as he crosses the military demarcation line he was rescued by south korean soldiers who dragged him to safety on the south side of the front here the defector also a soldier remains in hospital following surgery. the key findings of the special investigation team are that the k.p.a. violated the armistice agreement by one firing weapons across the m.t.l. and two by actually crossing the deal temporarily you can see personnel at the j.f. say notified k.p.a. of these violations today who are normal communication channels in panmunjom and

requested a meeting to discuss our investigation and measures to prevent future such violations kathy novak has the latest from the south korean capital. the c.c.t.v. footage released today shows the moments last week when a north korean soldier drove his vehicle towards the south korean side we see north korean soldiers noticing this is happening and chasing the vehicle at a certain point that vehicle becomes a stuck and we can see the north korean soldier exiting the vehicle and then running on foot towards the south korean side at that point we see other north korean soldiers firing at this defector that is the point at which the united nations command says that north korea violated the terms of the armistice that governs that joint security area on the border between north and south korea the u.n. see says because of north koreans soldiers fired across the border and one actually also momentarily crossed into the south korean side of that demonstrates

a violation of the armistice and they have brought that up with the north korean side later in the c.c.t.v. footage we see that the north korean soldier is lying on the south korean side and then forces from the joint south korean and u.s. command crawl towards him to bring him to safety he has been in a south korean hospital since that incident last week and we understand that he has regained consciousness though he remains in hospital one of the other things that we learned from the doctors operating on this north korean defector is that he had parasites inside him that the north south korean doctor says he has only ever seen in textbooks and he says that gives some insight into the kinds of conditions that north koreans are facing and indeed the kinds of conditions that at this north korean defector would have been fleeing. now a verdict is due on wednesday in the war crimes trial of the former bosnian serb

military leader iraq come let it he's accused of conducting a genocide campaign against muslim civilians and crimes against humanity during the war in bosnia in one thousand nine hundred ninety five a warning this report by david contains images that viewers may find disturbing. it was in the siege of sarajevo the world first heard of ratko malachi he ordered his serbian troops to kill mutilate and terrorize the civilian population. this is his voice on the intercepted radio communication directing his serb artillery guns to open fire on a muslim suburb because he said not many serbs live there. the artillery rounds grenades and sniper fire killed and wounded thousands in the city one thousand six hundred one of them were children. cameras recorded some of the

atrocities the scenes they captured are still almost impossible to watch let alone describe such was the scale of the barbarity. the memories haven't faded nor the names of the victims. yet my dear friend i mean it she was thirty nine died on this day she went house to the market to buy food for her child my friend. died. the most serious charges of genocide and crimes against humanity relates to the town of strieber in the south. when lodges troops overran the town they hunted down and killed more than eight thousand muslim men and boys. in this previously unseen archive film he's seen threatening the town's muslim leader. do you want to survive or do you want to vanish when you.

lost two of our sons in the campaign of ethnic cleansing she had to wait nearly two decades before their bodies were recovered and identified them as the news and. they did all sorts of terrible things to us killed and slaughtered rape girls in front of us in the middle of the street this is where one of her sons was killed a bomb in a nearby village twelve hundred men were slaughtered here and their bodies bulldozed into mass graves not even i was there. i would like it most if not a shirt front of a firing squad assassins are gone then let him be gone as well this cemetery a few hundred metres away from shore his house is the final resting place of two of our sons and many but not all of the other victims from the surrounding valleys their dates of birth are all recorded this man was eighty five alongside

a boy of just thirteen they all died in july one thousand nine hundred ninety five a poignant poem was composed in their memory may justice become revenge may the tears of mothers become prayers that. will never happen again to no one and nowhere. al-jazeera. syrian president bashar al assad has held talks with his russian counterpart vladimir putin in a surprise visit to russia on monday the meeting came ahead of a summit in sochi where putin will host the leaders of turkey and iran and a syrian opposition conference in saudi arabia growing challenge reports from moscow. ahead of a crucial few days for syria may putin put on a last minute show with political stage management a surprise visit by bashar assad to russia and a meeting with the military top brass who prevented his government from collapse.

and he knows and he told me today during our talks of the thanks of the efforts of the russian army syria has been saved as a state much has been done to stabilize the situation i hope that in the very near future we will reach the final point in the fight against terrorism and probably the other coming out of this will be thanks to your efforts and the efforts of our allies many syrians could return to their homes and i would like to express gratitude to you for what you have done on behalf of all the syrian people. their meeting proceeds two events both beginning on wednesday and opposition conference organized by the saudis in riyadh and a summit in sochi where putin is due to greet presidents of turkey and rouhani of iran. russia iran and turkey have forged what some would say is a curiously durable partnership they support different sides in syria and have different goals every couple of months for nearly a year now the three have co-sponsored talks with syria's government and opposition

forces in the kazakh capital astana by hosting this negotiation by actually spearheaded them russia shows its growing influence in the region is that russia's back after the soviet collapse it shows that russia is not a powerful player probably as powerful and united states at least as we must want to present itself negotiations have resulted in four deescalation zones in syria though often violated and much criticized by the opposition zones are male achievement of the estimate talks russia turkey and iran say that fighting has reduced enough to now push ahead with a political settlement in geneva balancing their different priorities isn't easy russia wants to. protect its regional interests turkey is still saying that. it is now primarily concerned with confronting the kurds and iran wants to finally crush all those saudi backed sunni rebel groups those disparate groups are facing

pressure both on the battlefield and from their backers saudi arabia's opposition conference is an attempt to instill unity and perhaps some more flexibility before any geneva talks on monday one of the oppositions most and voices quit. head of the high negotiations committee said his decision was forced after six years of conflicts the syrian war as foreign stakeholders appear to be looking for a. way out and asaad is looking more secure than he has in years to reach our minds how does iraq. meanwhile u.s. president donald trump pounds on him and putin agreed there is no military solution to the conflict in syria and pledged to develop what they called an ultimate political solution the leaders spoke on the phone following putin's surprise meeting with the syrian president in sochi can really help it has more from washington d.c. the call between vladimir putin and donald trump comes on the heels of their very

informal meetings along the sidelines of the apec economic summit in vietnam and while the two in this latest call did not discuss russian meddling in the twenty sixteen u.s. election they did talk syria with both leaders agreeing that the way to resolve the crisis is diplomatically. we had a great goal with president bush we're talking about syria very of course we're talking about north korea we had a poll that lasted almost an hour and a half we just put out a release on the polls but we're talking very strongly about bringing peace to syria what donald trump did not answer however when asked by reporters is whether it's his view that the future of syria includes. remaining in power now this is a very stark contrast to donald trump's predecessor barack obama not only did obama come close to ordering air strikes on syria following a two thousand and thirteen chemical weapons attack but he also made very clear his

view that there was no future for syria with bashar assad in power to germany now in the collapse of coalition talks as if the country in political limbo all the major parties appear to prefer being in opposition while chancellor angela merkel said she isn't opposed to holding another election dominate kind reports from berlin. her mandate is from the president not parliament and so for now angela merkel remains as chancellor in a chamber where she has no majority and where four parties now say they prefer opposition to government with her this is uncharted territory for modern germany which was previously so used to stable coalitions. in mind so. we have a common responsibility for our country and we don't only have this responsibility for our country but for europe which needs a government that is capable of acting their reactions from abroad show that europe and other countries in the world awaiting for us are challenges of big as much as

we need strong neighbors our neighbors need to trust your partner at their site. one person whose role is very important right now is the occupant of this building . president frank miles roll is normally a figurehead for germans but if no realistic prospect of a coalition emerges he would have to call new elections and he says all parties must be ready to try at least to talk about forming a new government tuesday saw a succession of leaders come to meet him among them leaders of the green party who had appeared ready to make serious compromises to enter government for her part angela merkel has said she believes coalition talks were not destined to fail but that she and her party will not shrink from another general election. if new elections are called a word to be called i should say then it wouldn't be what the vote is but then we

would accept it and i do not fear anything to be honest and yet her party's performance in september's election was considerably worse than the polls had predicted and while publicly her colleagues support her as their leader some suspect she is nearer the end of her career than the start one analyst says if there were a new. elections there's no guarantee a similar ampas might not happen again we might end up in the very same situation and nothing has changed so polls from yesterday showed us there are no movement in the polls or parties there was not a single party you would gain more lost more than one percent three democrat leader christiane lynn helped broker a deal with angela merkel's party in his home state in the spring. he has scuppered a national deal with her in the autumn if new elections do come constitutional experts say it would not be before next april dominic kane al-jazeera

berlin and u.s. aircraft searching for a missing arjen time submarine has spotted white flares over the southern atlantica but the argentinean navy says they're unlikely to be from the vessel of the jewel took place and when i was i was on tuesday for forty four crewmembers on board the air a san juan which went missing last week more than a dozen international vessels have joined the search rough seas and strong winds have made rescue efforts difficult but conditions are expected to improve over the coming days. c.e.o. of online taxi service says the company failed to disclose a massive security breach in twenty sixteen stole personal information like names email addresses and phone numbers from around fifty seven million customers the thieves also took the license numbers of six hundred thousand drivers it's being reported that the payback is one hundred thousand dollars to keep the breach secret .

all right a quick recap of the top stories here not just here as in bob noyce president robert mugabe has resigned as the country's leader after thirty seven years in power the new spot scenes of jubilation around the country but large crowds in the streets in celebration. yes. we are here in november. then. we had. lebanon's prime minister saad hariri has arrived in beirut two weeks after announcing his shock resignation while in saudi arabia lebanon's president

previously said i really was being detained by saudi authorities riyadh has denied the accusations north korea is accused of violating the korean war honest disagreement by chasing a defector over the border between the two countries this video shows the defect of being chased as he as he crosses the miniature demarcation line he was rescued by south korean soldiers who dragged him to safety on the southern side of the front of the defect also a soldier remains in hospital following surgery. the key findings of the special investigation team are that the k.p.a. violated the armistice agreement by one firing weapons across the m.t.l. and two by actually crossing the temporarily personnel at the jail notified of these violations today who are normal communication channels in panmunjom and requested a meeting to discuss our investigation and measures to prevent future such violations to u.s. aircraft searching for

a missing submarine spotted white flags over the southern atlantic but the argentinean navy says it's unlikely to be from the vessel a vigil was held in but as the forty four crew members on board the sun one which went missing last week well those were the headlines used continues on al-jazeera. that's what the head of the september twenty fourth national election survey showed us a satisfied with the state of their economy this is easily the start his biggest tech success story the company was bought by microsoft in two thousand and eleven we bring you the stories to the shaping the economic world we live in counting the cost at this time.