the collapsing empire when the british had to draw a line they pulled his servant who had never been to india before al-jazeera examines the violent birth of india and pakistan and asks what the future holds for these nuclear neighbors partition borders of blood at this time. you stand the differences. and the similarities of cultures across the world. al jazeera. i'm sorry is a diamond with a look at the headlines here on al-jazeera now samsung ad j. wiley has been freed from prison a south korean court suspended his five year jail term for bribing the disgraced

former president the appeals court upheld parts of the conviction but used his discretion to release its executive and just hired reports. leaving the sole detention center a free man if you would have predicted samsung's electronics vice chairman. would be released when he arrived at an appeals court just a few hours earlier on monday. again i feel sorry for not showing everyone my bayside and it has been a really precious time for you reflecting on myself i will throw and do my best the forty nine year old had been in prison for more than a year on charges arising from what's been described as asia's biggest corruption scandal that exposed the close ties between korea's family run conglomerates and its political leaders it's a scandal that eventually led to the removal of president park yun havey a lower court convicted be in august for bribing the former president for her help in strengthening his control over samsung electronics one of the world's biggest technology companies he was also convicted on embezzlement and other charges now an

appeals court has reduced the original five year jail sentence by half and suspended it beez release is already being felt by markets samsung share prices spiked on monday a sign that investors are looking forward to seeing him back in charge but there are political consequences to his release south korea's current president in one office by campaigning to clean up korea's powerful corporate sector and many will see the court's ruling as effectively a get out of jail card for leaf that goes against everything the president stood for. al-jazeera. the groups hundreds of thousands of syrian refugees are at risk of being forced to return home despite the ongoing war a joint report by six leading agency says neighboring countries as well as european and u.s. governments of putting pressure on refugees to go back. legoland is the u.n. humanitarian advisor on syria and the secretary general of the norwegian refugee

council he believes it's premature to start sending syrian refugees home. the pressure across the middle east and in europe and elsewhere is to tell syrian refugees now you should return this is the time to go back and not consulting them not informing them and especially not looking at the real conditions in syria we the humanitarian organizations that are on the ground in syria and in the neighboring countries we call this report dangerous grounds for the simple reason that these women children and men have to be informed of the conditions and we have to assure that it is voluntary when they go back and then we have to assist and protect the return at least eleven people have been injured in a suspected chlorine gas attack in syria's rebel held it live province activists video shows people being treated in the town of set up the airport at

a foul smell following a raid by syrian government jets. u.s. forces have begun withdrawing their troops from iraq in iraq a government spokesman says the move began after a declared victory of i saw last year us troops have assisted in the battle since two thousand and fourteen. i will factions of south africa's ruling party of scuffle during demonstrations outside the party's headquarters in johannesburg becomes the head of an urgent a.n.c. meeting to discuss the future of president jacob zuma after talks failed to secure his departure. now the only surviving suspect from the paris attacks in two thousand and fifteen is on trial in belgium so i have this is charged with attempted murder of a trying to kill police during a shootout in brussels in two thousand and sixteen the belgian born frenchman was arrested with another suspect four days before bomb attacks killed thirty two people in the belgian capital. parliament in the mold the is now under military

control the president says it will be closed indefinitely opposition members wanted to go inside to file impeachment motions against four government figures including the attorney general and defense minister who are back now with the struggle of the nile. the novel. the world's longest river. a seven thousand kilometers a lifeline for almost four hundred million people.

flowing north the nile runs through ten countries from the highlands in the heart of africa to the shores of the mediterranean sea. a source of sustenance but also one of tension even potential conflict. the nile is the key to a geopolitical rivalry in the region. at its heart is egypt. with suspicions about former enemies. and tensions with an age old civilization and reveal deep seated fears about water scarcity and losing control of the river nile .

alexandria egypt's main city on the mediterranean. here. in march one thousand nine hundred three the founder of political zionism disembarked on a special mission. theodore hurt souls goal was to secure a homeland for the jews. one year earlier he had petitioned for such a homeland to be allowed in palestine then part of the ottoman empire. the request was rejected by sultan abdul hamid the second. so hurtful took a contingency plan to egypt. a country then under british occupation. some british officials floated the idea and tercel even initially toyed with the

idea of accepting a small temporary jewish. entity zionist entity in northern sinai around l r e should the zionist said well it's a step from there to palestine so it brings us closer to the homeland. the plan involved the first phase settlement in the sinai of some twenty thousand jewish immigrants to be followed by successive numbers to total one hundred thousand. there was plenty of space in the sinai desert but the area lacked one basic element of life water. however proposed a remarkable solution to divert some of the nile waters to the desert region. yeah this settlement was going to need water. plan was for the water to be carried

from a branch of the nile via pipelines under the su is can now as the water would then travel over one hundred fifty kilometers to the settle. the british high commissioner in egypt. rejected her proposal. egypt at that time was the main source of cotton for the british textile industry. irrigation engineers warned that diverting the nile waters would damage egypt's cotton production and therefore affect british economic interests. the idea of a jewish homeland in the sinai was never implemented. but over seventy years later plans to divert the nile waters reemerged. in november nine hundred seventy seven egyptian president anwar sadat arrived at tel aviv's ben gurion airport.

to visit mark the start of peace negotiations between so that and the israeli prime minister menachem begun. israel was in a strong bargaining position occupying the sinai jerusalem the west bank gaza and the golan heights. wanted the arab land back but had fewer bargaining chips. he definitely wanted a prince of peace but i think two things. affected that is. big in a very devious policy. the past you know he. and president was under pressure. in the ongoing negotiations said that aware of israel's water needs knew he held at

least one strong card the river nile. in december one thousand nine hundred seventy nine the egyptian magazine october known to be a mouthpiece for sadat published a sensational report the headline on the front page read the nile to reach jerusalem. they article reported that sadat had ordered blueprints prepared for the construction of a canal to carry the nile waters to israel in exchange for a comprehensive peace agreement in the middle east. where there were these dreams about you know egyptian israeli cooperation and peace will be prevailed in this region and you know people's thought that. there are no limits or. some people start thinking in these terms you know that there should be use for sinai peninsula and also to israel.

and the people of. the two countries made peace but any plan to divert the nile to israel never materialized. to this day many gyptian is believe the reported offer was more a negotiating ploy than a meaningful proposition. that. this was a good trick played by said that. he gave the israelis false hope in order to secure the signing of the peace accord was a time he did but he never planned to implement the nile offered by economics. but the nile waters were eventually diverted. in january one thousand nine hundred ninety seven so that successor. officially opened a tunnel carrying nile waters under the suez canal. the waters flowed into the

so-called peace can now extending into the sinai some egyptians suspected israel might be the ultimate destination of the canal. at the inauguration ceremony mubarak seemed to address such suspicions. possibly. at dinner dish had. now how did it i am under much analyser. today the peace canal runs eighty kilometers eastwards into sinai. it allows for the irrigation and development of farmland reclaimed from the desert . the idea of diverting the nile to the sinai first proposed by theodore heard seoul is now a reality. just

one hundred fifteen kilometers from the end of the canal and across egypt's international border is the negev desert. forming over half of israel's total land area. the negev is a land thirsty for water. these railways of salt to manage their limited water sources and deny the need for the extension of the peace canal saying it would be surplus to requirement if you're talking about the relation between the now and the. relations and we don't see that we are going to use these water in the future we solve our own poems in the negative in the cells and has no connection with the night. faced with a water shortage and keen to reclaim the desert israel has needed to find innovative

solutions. israel is the world leader in official water use in agriculture more crop per drop using. say drip irrigation other technologies that techniques and that they can all or g.'s that are here are being utilized elsewhere in the. south america africa wherever you go you will find israeli technology basically use in agriculture. that are now i am. israel's ambassador to kenya called kinder arrives to a warm welcome from local farmers in the village of garroting on the outskirts of nairobi he's clear on his assignment. their idea the basic idea is to assist the communities of farmers to achieve much more you much more crops with less labor with less water and even with less fertilizers and

pesticides as. these women farmers are beneficiaries of this assistance. by passing on its know how and donating equipment israel is empowering local communities in africa and winning friends. we're so impressed me them. because they identify the ends who go right down to see the needs of the people and so for us in this village we are very happy with them. but others in africa believe that israel's presence there particularly in upstream nile countries like kenya has more to do with politics than aid. is that. israel is not a charity. it seeks to harm egypt there was nothing new in that

the mist says it it's the nature of israeli politics and if it didn't operate in that way. then it would not be easy. since its establishment in one nine hundred forty eight surrounded by hostile arab neighbors israel has sought friends where it can. in africa israel build relations with newly independent known arab states. egypt grew increasingly concerned about israel's activities on the continent. they suspected the israelis of trying to politically outflanked egypt by befriending countries that could influence the flow with egypt's lifeline the river nile. am i however historically the most important relationships israel built on the african continent were at uganda and kenya. and it's no coincidence

that all of them are upstream countries where the nile originates they did build relationships with other countries but the river nile was the major factor behind the formation of israeli policy and strategy. the. president master of the united arab republic involved in style i got all these how much meeting in morocco neutralised. african leaders. but israel faced tough competition for friends in africa. egyptian president jamal abdel nasser was also building allies of his own in the region. his struggle for independence and non-alignment resonated with many africans. in one thousand nine hundred sixty three egypt became one of the founding member states of the organization of african unity.

following the one nine hundred sixty seven war the organization condemned israel's occupation of parts of egypt and other arab countries and demanded the withdrawal of israeli troops from all occupied arab territories. the african view of israel as a small struggling country that posed no threat began to change. israel was very weak for and clearly it couldn't do anything about egyptian role in africa. shortly after the arab israeli war in october one thousand nine hundred seventy three the majority of african countries severed relations with israel. nasser successor anwar sadat failed to capitalize on africa's strategic shift away

from israel. didn't want to just follow in nasser's footsteps he wanted to blaze his own trail. he chose to focus on building relations with the west and securing peace with israel he turned his back on the pan-african policies nasa had pursued. almost going to. egypt once played a commanding role in africa but in the one nine hundred seventy s. egypt neglected this role and who wouldn't this resulted in the bush drop of egypt's presence in africa countries there started to think egypt had abandoned them. or barak followed a similar strategy to his predecessor. in one thousand nine hundred five an event took place that would set the seal on mubarak turning away from africa.

in june of that year arriving in the ethiopian capital addis ababa to attend an african summit. mubarak's motorcade was ambushed by islamist militants here on the airport road. mubarak's bulletproof car saved his life his body guard shot dead the gunman. following this attack and for the rest of his term in office mubarak chose to send ministers or delegates to african summits rather than attending himself with egypt's friends in the region believe this presidential absence was a strategic error allowing israel to once again gain a political foothold in africa. as a poet once said document our enemies did not break through our borders instead they crawled like ants through our weaknesses.

by the nine hundred ninety s. many of the upstream nile basin countries had reestablished diplomatic relations with israel. and reopened their embassies in tel aviv. today israel. it's building on these relations here on the outskirts of tel aviv these trainees from africa learning innovative agricultural techniques to take back to their countries. the. training is sponsored by the center for international cooperation known as much a part of israel's foreign ministry you know. what we are focusing and most of our work is really in africa probably about forty percent of our resources and

mostly towards food security guard showed water related issues. beyond training programs in israel. also takes its aid overseas. back in the kenyan village of karate women farmers grow fresh produce in a greenhouse donated by musharraf. the greenhouse which enables the women to earn a living was officially donated to them by israeli foreign minister avigdor lieberman. lieberman arrived in africa in september two thousand and nine at the head of a large entourage even suited five african states including three of the upstream

nile basin countries kenya uganda and ethiopia. the minister came with a big economic delegation representatives of more than twenty of the biggest israeli companies we had business seminars with business meetings and we see a very very big follow up in terms of business the. opportunities for investment. lieberman was the first israeli foreign minister to go on an african tour since the one nine hundred sixty s. thank you i mean the sight of lieberman making friends and doing deals in the nile upstream countries around concern in egypt. egyptians were once again worried these rallies were meddling in their backyard in a region holding the source of the nile. the

african countries lieberman visited dismissed egyptian suspicions stating the visit was strictly business. and. not the dictating. government foreign minister has a paid. visit come here not to to us wanted to reduce. it to give to simple it is a government through government business and i think. but egyptian fears were not so easily appeased. lieberman's visit coincided with a particularly tense point in egypt's talks with the other nial based in countries to reach a new agreement over managing the nile waters you egyptian suspected israel was behind the renewed pressure egypt faced to make concessions. so. that they start a year israel has had a clear strategy center was established so it focuses on having

a presence in the upstream countries to create problems for egypt on the issue of water to encircle egypt and create internal difficulties what you are going to definitely because if egypt has a water crisis then it will have a development problem and a national security issue it will not be able to guarantee a better life for egyptians and therefore it will be preoccupied with internal problems that is israel's goal. for their part israelis reject such notions that they are plotting with african states to outmaneuver egypt. i think this is another one of those arab conspiracy theories which unfortunately there are so many of them going around sometimes in while i can't stop myself laughing from what i read in an arab internet sites about all kind of conspiracies which describe as the israelis as dead people who.

come up scenarios that the craziest screenwriters in hollywood couldn't even think about. in early two thousand and eleven egyptians took to the streets in open revolt against the government of hosni mubarak. on february eleventh egypt's vice president announced mubarak's resignation from power ending thirty years of rule. was. egyptians were exultant their complaints had been many. among them was criticism of mubarak's failure to engage in constructive diplomacy with the other african states along the nile. egypt has been absent from the

city and illness of. these ten states are supposed to be members of the same family the offspring of one mother which is that of a night. study came out the i'd like brothers sharing the same life line in the. book we should have engaged with them. that then with the u.s. europe or asia as of the states should be the closest to us because they shared the same life and the same fate as thought nazi which wow yeah. significantly. the first foreign trip of egypt's new prime minister after the two thousand and eleven revolution was to sudan. some sheriff led a high profile delegation of egyptian ministers. the visit signaled

a new diplomatic drive for egypt in the nile basin. but the struggle over the nile will not easily be resolved. it goes back thousands of years. egypt and another of africa's oldest civilizations. seem to be locked. into an increasingly bitter rivalry. but didn't have been fined for this raid on the shores of paradise progress for some can create a living hell for others challenging his government and big business one man risked his life to save the community he cherishes didn't want to be someone.

the opposition a witness documentary at this time on al-jazeera. when the news breaks when people need to be heard. like it a good thing is. my brain and this story needs to be turned just largest catholic country is witnessing a dramatic rise in teenage pregnancy al-jazeera has teams on the ground to bring the mood winning documentaries. and live news on air and. i'm sammy's a down in the how they look at the headlines here on al-jazeera now samsung vice chairman jay wiley is now free after being detained for nearly a year the south korean appeals court reduced and suspended his five year jail

sentence he was at the center of one of asia's biggest ever corruption scandals his lawyers say they'll launch an appeal to dismiss other charges against him. well the little girl again i feel sorry for not showing everyone my bayside and it has been a really precious time for you reflecting on myself i will throw a check and do my best. groups are warning hundreds of thousands of syrian refugees are at risk of being forced to return home despite the ongoing war a joint report by six leading agencies neighboring countries as well as european and u.s. governments are putting pressure on refugees to return. to. kurds in lebanon and protesting over the mistreatment of a female kurdish fighter in northern syria or accusing turkish banks syrian rebels of mutilating then filming the body of. she was a member of the kurdish group the white e.g. fought in the u.s.

backed campaign against i saw. in iraq the u.s. forces to gradually withdraw their troops in iraq a government spokesman says the move follows the defeat of ice a last year us troops have assisted in the battle since two thousand and fourteen rival factions of south africa's ruling party for during demonstrations outside the party's headquarters in johannesburg it comes ahead of an urgent a.n.c. meeting to discuss the future of president jacob zuma after talks failed to secure his departure. the only surviving suspect from the paris attacks in two thousand and fifteen is on trial in belgium. is charged with attempted murder for trying to kill police during a shootout in brussels in two thousand and sixteen a belgian born frenchman was arrested with another suspect four days before bomb attacks kill thirty two people in the belgian capital in the parliament in the mall these is now under military control the president says it will be closed indefinitely opposition members wanted to go inside to file impeachment motions

against for government figures they blame them for not following the supreme court order to release nine opposition politicians. those are your headlines we return now to struggle over the nile stay with us. ethiopia. the blue nile flows on its long journey toward sudan and egypt. the ethiopians call the blue nile that are by. a word carrying a sense of reverence and admiration. the name of a by its beak father as a father and that is source that provides that is very heavy but it was back that way then it.

should be be lives in the village of some close to they have by all blue nile. with a family of nine to support bench collects firewood the sole source of energy. that's it and we don't have electricity my head has stemmed from black to gray giving in this land we just burns this wood and some could have seen from like through an exam on. the edge of bench like more than eighty percent of ethiopians the very thought of a light bulb is a dream. but it's good that you know you will celebrate i don't know when i'm meant to die in that did not have but for so long burning wood and if i get light was just a click i will die

a happy person. the nile could help realize the dreams of ethiopians like actually bench. acing the fast flowing river descending from the ethiopian highlands would generate electricity reducing the country's chronic power shortage. but to date the full potential of the river remains untapped. decades of civil unrest and war have hindered ethiopia's ability to develop. instead it remains one of the world's poorest countries. melyssa know we assumed power in one thousand nine hundred ninety one. he

champions him self as the builder of a new ethiopia. billboards around the capital addis ababa herald a brighter future. with the construction of dams and hydroelectric power stations. the projects will quite literally bring power to the people. one of the crystals we have been a few days that i. saw the government patient. south and it go one reason for coming by gives. beneath these hills is the time of the less hydro power station. this tunnel will divert the nile waters over turbine to generate power.

the station will eventually produce over four hundred megawatts of electricity annually. reducing ethiopia's power deficit by thirty percent. the water exits from tunnels to continue on its way downstream. no water is taken out of the river a point the ethiopians a particularly keen to stress. what we are doing is we are today but. we are not changing anything. any operational. station does not affect the nile's discharge. this is the crucial factor. egyptians say they would regard any attempt to reduce the nile flow to their

country as a hostile act. so ethiopia treads a fine line between exploiting the nile for its own development while not incurring the wrath of its downstream nial neighbors. we are here. not to reduce or not to damage it we are going to utilise what our economic development as well because a. poor country now trying to come out of that poverty. by utilising it is resources and that is one of our thoughts. despite ethiopian assurances egypt is concerned about any reduction in its sole source of water. nine hundred twenty nine agreement

between egypt and britain the colonial power at the time gave egypt a veto power on any project upstream that would affect or decrease the amount of water reaching egypt. egyptians are keen to ensure this agreement is up held. in other egypt needs to manage the reverse discharge of the agreement states there must be prior notification this must be adhered to according to international laws governing the use of rivers running through many countries upstream states can use the waters on the condition they don't harm the downstream countries welcome to. you are obliged to notify me to notify egypt so my interests are not harmed you can satisfy your interests but just don't harm might have missed. but it gyptian interests what challenge. the other to us is here with me. is that. meant on the

river basin bridge and from what in may two thousand and ten at a meeting of nile basin countries in the ugandan city of entebbe six upstream states including ethiopia signed a new nile agreement. the agreement enables upstream countries to implement irrigation and hydro power projects without egypt being able to exercise the veto power it was given by the nine hundred twenty nine agreement. egypt you know. be able to stop if you appeal from building down on the nile that is history and that is not going to be part of the solution if you appear in willing to use its own resources to build dams on the night the way forward is not for egypt to try and stop the unstoppable. the prospect of upstream countries building dams alarms egyptians especially if that

country happens to be ethiopia. only fifteen percent of the nile waters reaching egypt originate in the great lakes region yet eighty five percent come from the ethiopian highlands from three main tributaries the sabbat blue nile and the barra. any dam built in ethiopia would pose a serious threat to egypt's water supply. the likelihood of such a scenario is creating tension between the two countries. the transparency and consultation was not happening between the two countries. because of because of suspicion because of. fear i think but fear.

only be probably addictions because the water is coming from the air from ethiopia . such antagonism is exacerbated by a long history of rivalry. egypt the land of the pyramids and the ancient civilization of the pharaohs. ethiopia a land described as the birthplace of mankind. and the demand of great temperatures who ruled the country for centuries may. remain a between these two civilizations has always been centered on the nile. the rivalry dates back some three thousand years to the times of ethiopian emperor the first

minicamp away in pull up full of harsh emperor men aleck the first of ethiopia used to threaten egypt we had made a need the us fulfilled the whole saying that he would divert the course of the nile to the red sea away from the mediterranean and that the only evidence we applied symbol to these threats were made and all the rulers of egypt from the time of the pharaohs used to send gifts and gold to the emperor to stop him from diverting than i'll. religious differences have added to the historical tensions. in the fourth century ethiopia became a christian nation making it one of the oldest christian states in the world.

from the seventh century egypt emerges the heart of the arab and islamic world. as the two countries adopt to different faiths power politics over the nile continued down through history. by the time mohammed ali began to rule egypt in eighteen zero five many threats had been made by the if you open emperors to stop the water reaching egypt. the cut in the air. most were just empty threats but somewhat valid. every time there was a new ruler in egypt they would threaten him and blackmail him so that he paid gold to the if you'll be an emperor lena guess should have one hundred ali considered how to eliminate this threat which was damaging to egypt's prestige and letty to his us. muhammad ali's response

was to expand egypt's borders southwards to command the headwaters of the nile. in eight hundred twenty he conquered the territories today known as sudan for the first time egyptians and ethiopians when now face to face across a common border. in the eight hundred seventy s. muhammad ali's grandson ismail continued his grandfather's expansionist policy. seeking to increase the size of his realm over the course of the nile. how it's named the man who. could give ismail tried to conquer a few opium or canada so he dispatched a large army he thought it would be an easy mission but he failed that has he met in one of the egyptian army was crossing eight hundred seventy six and had to retreat. the rivalry between egypt and ethiopia

continued into the next century. by the one nine hundred fifty s. it had taken on a more personal dimension. despite the smiles and handshakes the two countries were led by two larger than life leaders with two differing political visions. egypt's president jamal abdel nasser was a revolutionary idealogue of anti imperialism. ethiopian emperor haile selassie was a monarch and bodying imperial governments. both men saw themselves as africa's primary leader. yes here and yet there's been a lot written on ethiopia because it's a country with a great civilization like egypt. delhi almost and so there was always a feeling that it was equal to egypt but egypt was always more important ethiopians

never had the same role. in nine hundred fifty nine egypt and sudan agreed on dividing the rivers waters. ethiopia was neither invited to the negotiations nor included in the agreement. that we get there was nothing could was able to stick by the ethiopian made it through or that having one's own on site or did was going on. was very much opposed to that exclusionist policy. in the one nine hundred seventy is political changes in each country raised tensions further. egypt's new president anwar sadat abandoned both the leftist ideas of his predecessor and relations with the soviet union instead he turned to the west.

egypt's new political leaning was indorsed by an official visit from the us president richard nixon who received a rapturous welcome in cairo in june one thousand nine hundred seventy four. ironically a few months later ethiopia would go through a political turnaround of its own. in september one thousand nine hundred seventy four emperor haile selassie was overthrown in a military coup which turned ethiopia into a communist country. and. the two countries were right back where they started in a political standoff on different sides of the cold war. once again the river nile was at the center of this tension. said there are a lot of mileage. egypt's relations with the soviet union deteriorate the soviets in coordination with responded by planning to build dams in the ethiopian highlands

to stop or decrease the water flowing to egypt president sadat answered back saying egypt would launch a war and destroy any downs built on the ethiopian plateau that affected the amount of water reaching egypt. today the ethiopians continue for the time being to tread the fine line between developing their country and deferring to egyptian concerns but this could change. but the one. in april two thousand and eleven ethiopian prime minister. announced plans for a new project on the blue nile. called the grand bologna and dam it is forecast to produce over five thousand megawatts of electricity a year. it will be the largest hydro power station in africa.

and will solve ethiopia's chronic power shortage. ethiopia is aware of egyptian concerns. that people when they go to mentors are not the enemy off and give to the people so what we. see on. the government and the politicians. caring a part of the people and their lives. as we are to caring for them wonderful. as populations increase and economies develop. demand for the nile waters is intensifying. the nile may be

the world's longest river. but it carries a relatively small amount of water compared to other rivers around the world. who are bottom and in the uk the nile is on your discharge totals eighty four billion cubic meters this is insufficient for any of the knob facing countries as for egypt it's simply not enough egypt's need for water is growing greater day by day. the scarcity of water in the nile basin is creating fear suspicion and tension. such sentiments are exacerbated by the uncertainties of mother nature. the nihilists formed from rainfall but its points of a region in the ethiopian highlands and the great lakes region. the gift of nature is proving increasingly erratic. right now with a claim made their way the forecast is unpredictable even this so-called rains

which we used to have in plenty it is no not on the regular not on up would be terrible. but i'd say that with higher temperatures you obviously have the potential warmer holds more moisture you have the potential for bigger downpours so if that does prove to be the case then the flooding will be an issue but the result of a limited amount of water out there in the atmosphere so flooding in one area will inevitably lead to drought and another. averting. such catastrophe will require cool heads calm words and regional collaboration. following the revolution in egypt in early two thousand and eleven egyptian diplomacy was refocused on the region. enough to be headed out of them behind we need to cooperate and they need to cooperate we want to continue in a mood of consensus not conflict then no one does because all the nile basin

countries are here to stay no one is going anywhere so few other. there is no basis for fear against each other there is no reason to fight. i'm there is no reason that one country one of the water sources whether and upstream or downstream. from the great lakes of east africa. and the highlands of ethiopia. through the swamps of the sued. the arid desert to the sahara. the fertile valley in sudan in egypt. flowing out into the mediterranean sea. millions living along the river nile

dream of a better future. oh and you're going to come as the city looking to determine who it is a natural resource or and i'm sure you've you know to do it is a gift from god. and we must all use it well you know just like our forefathers were clearly going to lose and she's going to see. it with anything has no one living beside denial can ever stray from it if he does he will feel lost and she's isn't. going to know when i've lived long enough i dream of a better future for my kids. a lot of what i've got is only god is sustaining us god provides everything is good god's blessing is all around us in the cabin of the. home as longer there

is no war and we are living in peace with sleep easy to be intimate that. what courtroom with my job. i don't like it very much not this big but this big. the river nile unites worlds of mountains jungle mosques and desert. but in the manmade world of nation states. asserting patriotism in politics. the river has become a source of discord. the nile basin countries face a stock choice. set aside fears and tensions and cooperate.

or run the risk of confrontation and conflict. the nile will do. a continuing struggle over its waters can only spell ruin. for all those who live on the banks of this great river.

from cool brisk knows in few weeks. to the warm trying to this of southeast asia. hell are still wet on the ground in bolivia this to some flooding but from the point of view of showers they seem to have moved away the satellite gives evidence as bolivia has lived past anyway and the clouds move to the west so the concentration rather more usefully is down through the eastern side of resume right down to rio and in fact not far from sao paulo's where you would walk the rain because the arc does go back almost towards ecuador surtees it was pretty believe is not reports any rain recently lima rarely does but as you might remember last month certainly did so the line for the next two days saturday told stars and warm

so you have a sense young thirty two in buenos aires typical summer heat on the high side maybe there's not much going on now in central america from the satellite pictures seeing nothing at all but there is actually some low level clouds just running off the coast of nicaragua up towards honduras nikkei tional shall show themselves up in hispania otherwise it's that quiet time of the year as you might expect in north america particularly in this eastern side of cat and now in the plain states of the real deep cold talk that you might get an idea of this shape from the clad give you right to think that the temperature in chicago is maximum maximum temperature minus seven and it's going to snow soon. the weather sponsored by cats are always. facing the realities of growing up when did you realize that you were living in a special place a so-called secret city getting to the heart of the matter why ease activists to

live in jail just because she expressed herself hear their story on talk to al-jazeera at this time. on the hills of northern greece the places in turkey where refugees hideouts before trying to cross easy to see the crossing countries means crossing the intimidating everal strava more and more refugees are attempting this route even though they know how dangerous it is even outside the risk of drowning or dying of cold in these huge empty spaces any number of refugees have told us that confessions can forcibly turned around by greek police acting in coordination with frontex the european union for the agency. this eighteen year old syrian was in a smugglers' boats with his younger sister. the police came up to us in that boat they told us you can cross they made us turn around the police who previously given us access to their fence and border patrols gave us a statement denying that they turn any refugees around think claimed their priority is human dignity. but human rights advocates say they know pushbacks happen all the

time and accuse the greek government of breaking international law. it was auriol upon which modern day venezuela was established. for over a century this lucrative resource has divided the people both less than cursed with the world's largest reserves. charting the impact of industrialization and the legacies of its prominent leaders we shed light on the troubles afflicting venezuela today the big picture the battle for venezuela at this time on al-jazeera . lol this is al jazeera. hello i'm sam he's

a dad this is the news hour live from doha coming up in the next sixty minutes a free.