possible but it never happens not because the situation is complicated but because no one cares or if you join us on sat. between. eating this is a dialogue i want to get in one more comment because this is someone who's an activist and has posted a story join the global conversation at this time on al-jazeera. al-jazeera is a very important force of information for many people around the world all the cameras are gone i'm still here go into areas that nobody else is going to talk to people that nobody else is talking to and bringing that story to the forefront.

of them are a colander how these the top stories on al-jazeera several palestinian protesters in gaza have been injured as the israeli army fires live ammunition and tear gas at the israeli border and people in gaza have renewed protests after at least twenty one were killed over the past week more than one thousand four hundred injured half of them hit by israeli gunfire the u.n. has not to use excessive force and says firearms should be used as a last resort. catalonia. has just been released on bail from a german prison rejected a spanish extradition request judges ruled the rebellion. faces in spain is not a criminal offense and germany could be extradited on a lesser charge of misusing public funds he's wanted over his role in the illegal referendum for catalonia is succession from space. from a south korean president park geun has been found guilty in

a corruption scandal and sentenced to twenty four years in jail the court and so also fines are more than sixteen million dollars after convicting him bribery abuse of power and coercion and court for the verdict which was broadcast live on television. as. were revealed one by one a mess of chaos to the order of state of fears were brought and led the impeachment of the president which was unprecedented in our constitutional history pocket buz to presidential power and trusted by the people and abandon constitutional responsibility and choice to use parks power and pursued private interests are responsible for the situation kathy novak has more from outside the courthouse. where the prosecutors had been asking for thirty years the judge gave her twenty four it still must be said this is a hefty sentence against this former president who was swept up in really the biggest corruption scandal to hit south korea this really captured the nation's

attention months of mass protests in central seoul and these proceedings were televised live for the first time because the court found there was enough public interest in doing so and that this was a significant case packin hey was found guilty of sixteen of the eighteen charges against her including abuse of power and bribery and leaking presidential information to her longtime friend. cher did not have any official government role but was said to be meddling in state affairs and also used her presidential friendship to worst major companies making massive donations to to corporations to foundations rather that she ran and that is where the bribery accusations came in part was found to have accepted bribes from major companies including sam's. and this was a very convoluted set of cases chess and she'll herself was sentenced to twenty

years in prison over this scandal separately the head of the defacto ahead j. wiley was sentenced to five years because of the bribery allegations and then later released on appeal so this really as i say captured the public's attention and people were angry at what was seen as these links between the most powerful companies in south korea and the president so those that had been protesting for months as part of those candlelight protest i imagine would be satisfied with heavy sentence against parkin hey a corruption case against south africa's former leader jacob zuma has been a money laundering fraud and racketeering charges relate to a multibillion dollar deal for almost two decades ago so in the denies any wrongdoing is challenging the decision to prosecute the case. brazil's former president luiz inacio lula da silva is considering his next move after a judge issued a warrant for his arrest supporters of the metal workers union building in sao

paulo has retreated with some of his political allies. sudan's foreign minister says talks with egypt in ethiopia on the controversial ground. have failed the project was originally slated for completion this yeah. you had last week back with another news update on al jazeera after the calla. the caliph. a form of rule in a slam. that lasted for almost thirteen centuries. from the death of the prophet muhammad. to the overthrow of the last ottoman caliph in one thousand nine hundred twenty four. the arabic ten to twenty eighth twenty

five which actually in essence simply means a successor already adapted to. the ruler of the islamic world would call himself clifford resort and not for success so ultimately. through the centuries. the title of caliph is a term that has been used. at the times abuse. in june two thousand and fourteen. a militant group calling itself the islamic state in iraq and the new bands or. declared the establishment of a caliphate. a call rejected by most muslims around the world. by so proclaimed its leader of the balkans baghdad. a caliph.

the men know love with the. appropriate thing a title imbued with a religious and political significance. and costing a dark shadow. over a rich history. discounted by god in the since destroying attempting to destroy much of the legacy. scaly ifs i want to preserve and to to foster. innocent in with us and he said methodists. let us unlock the thought and. the cooling. not the kind of out and. this is the story of a tied to the originator one thousand four hundred years ago. that spanned one of the greatest empires the world has ever known. this

is the story of the count of. medina saudi arabia. last resting place of muhammad. the prophet of islam. it was here in june of the year six hundred thirty two. that he died ofter a brief illness. the prophet left behind

a young and fiber to samik state uniting most of the tribes of a arabian peninsula. with medina as its capital. amman plan while the assessment value in the safe on the net be in the main and something wrong with what sold as many. of them in the us yet there is a mob and has to fight them. but. look at the hondas. and that's the senate and who would lead. the. ten years earlier mohamed and a group of his early followers would come to be known as a more headroom or the emigrants had fled mecca and persecution by the pagan

leaders of their own try for a huge. oral the prophet and the emigrants were given shelter by the citizens of medina. with their off to be cold alone song. meaning the supporters. together these two groups formed. the close companions of the prophet the successor would come from one of them. and i would be in the home and he had been led to and i that when he then he can have him and yet i would rule that bad none of us would. be in a humble building but used to stand on the sights of this public gone. but the

supporters gathered to decide which of them would be the prophet successor. but two of the leading emigrants. and almost interrupting their deliberations. i will add you know when i did go international at the end i thought i cannot be allowed in our hands on the land in islam and i was in the navy that it. gannett in more how many are less as. after hours of heated debate. the claim of the emigrants was judged to have precedence. of. a done while a. bad numbers would. go by yak in that it. had a historic. land the band and barry are almost. fed

by out. in a humble building in medina a new age had begun. a new title written into history. a title that would ring down the ages. the first caliph of a slam successor of muhammad was to be a book for city. the following day a box position was confirmed when the most in community gave. an oath of allegiance to the new caliph.

o.-p. put a pick task has been assigned to me. now it is beyond doubt that i have been elected european. but though i'm not better than you. as long as i obey our laws and his prophet. when i disobeyed him and his. prophet. than obey me not. above was the first of four would be known as the russia doing the right to god it kind of says. they were zero people who had been very close to the prophet muhammad during his lifetime as his companion as those who had converted. to islam and had dedicated in sounds to the formation of the community the spreading of the message

in that for in eighty campaigns and internet of the prophet mohammed in a way. i didn't create out well out. what the have a less sure. that all the body of rome out of the last. five years to. over have all your time even with me and well you know that been a struggle ok valdemar. mean that not to come and be a two month. i will book was a profoundly spiritual and modest man. but when some of the arabian tribes rose up in rebellion refusing to submit to the new caliphate he was quick to act. as a much to someone who knows a hell of a rate that he knows all the tribal details the genealogies the clowns the

weaknesses the strengths who could be employed against whom and he transformed himself into this extraordinary powerful man. a buckra declared war on the rebel tribes and after a year of heavy fighting. he emerged victorious. his attention was now turned to the territory of the two superpowers of the era the sussan it's in persia. and the by sun times of the east and the roman empire. in an old day shift move taking on both empires at once he launched the muslim conquests. but crucially he gave his men orders to preserve.

destroy. many have the. usual look and. well you will see. ballet i thought a little in the set. of the looting with a day guinea and every man i bid him. a box commander in the east. made good ground in iraq fighting the sustenance. of the four armies sent to attack by them in the levant meeting heavy resistance. on the order. which he moved his men across the desert to the west of the front. and oldest six thirty four on the fields of here in palestine. the

most i'm on he's gathered to take on the might of done to you. the most. wicked and the. one the. ultimate. in. a human didn't pull me. out. so how some of the mob. but in the wake of victory it as that the. enough to just to use this kind. of a book. and in a just sixty one. there's no moment where there's an

election or a council and we just have this placement as it were like a vice president coming on to the throne of the kind of what of the comes out. over the next ten years almost. the second right he got it kind of. would show himself to be a great strategist and state bill. a few days after he became kind of. almost on this once more underfunded conquered damascus. but. was soon to be stripped of his come on.

obama i mean who you'll see him in one to say that. what obama said that you know might have bought a lot of the of the law and the how did file a new war and. the and the men had run out of the bob in them until suddenly well i'm the lab you're almost went out. after two years the caliph would recall this brilliant commander to the battlefront once again. this time here in northern jordan in the tranquil valley of the yarmouk river. in august six thirty six this was where the by sun times army clashed with muslim forces underfed. once more victory to the muslims. of whom about the.

infancy out. of the off the hook and the heavy handed and miss with the new to any of them we didn't fit the bill. unless we. about. the muslim conquests moved on words in all directions capturing the rest of the live on. great cities. finally they laid siege to jerusalem it's so. often making the list and i do so. yeah. well you. see he lists this. jerusalem significance lay as it still does today and its position as a holy place for the three great monotheistic religions judaism christianity.

and islam. only for jerusalem was almost prepared to make his first and last journey a scholar if. not . home often to small who has them. give him a d.n.a. again a dollar on. the whole does well what a slum oh a levy yet about life. and death and. down. the line i'll us all well i'll tell ya.

sophrony is the peach and welcome to mon given the keys of the city and then told them to come and pray in the holy sepultura the holiest church of christe and. who said no i will not pray here and when the patriarch asked why not because if i play here then after me muslims will come and want to pray here take this church from you and i want you to have this church. a instead almost prayed just outside the church. in later years on the exact spot. this mosque was a red. herring the caliph's name. to this day a copy of the pledge that almost gave to the christians of jerusalem can be seen

hanging on the walls of the smalls. this is an assurance of peace and protection given by the settlement of a lot of money commendable to believe this to the people of jerusalem. he gave them an assurance of protection for their lives property cherish and crosses as well as the sick and the healthy only strictly just. it's a wonderful journey and so many stories about omar about the puritanical commando but his journey jerusalem he's at his best he is sorting out the faith traditions honoring them in a city that can be shared by all faith communities. with the muslims now in full control of the lip balms they moved west and conquered egypt. in the east the caliphs armies triumphed over the

sustenance that called to say. an advanced on their capital. test before. yes. at the time the largest city in the world. all that remains today of tessie form. is the arch of course. once the throne home of persia and grooms. you have to remember the two great superpowers of the. assassin it had screwed the world for the last four hundred years they were. putting it in a modern parlance it's

a bit like the eskimos taking on the united states of america and russia. in october six forty four at the height of his powers and while leading the feds don't prayers almost was assassinated by disaffected persian slave. i'm going to leave that. that it is them who has a lot to visit many. who are. black and you sissoko i did it. yeah i need to stop the and. if you have your arm out of the cut up for you why says that in the idea. that it did see has yes see i'm why you feel. that the minute i let go when.

the leadership of the muslims now to a man with a markedly different character. became the third day of the russia doing the rocky guided caliphs. shrine in quite a one. resting place of one of the sahal. the prophet muhammad's close companion. was killed in the early attempts to conquer the area during the reign of the color

. of the law and. often you know. the what i can change how any shooting and. what has a. bizarre. at first successful the campaign soon run into problems over the division of the spoils of war. effort with homos i don't on that i'm afraid i'm not a fan but the shia and get it home with some hamas. that can be. a hold off man that i've about canada and i want to go ahead and ship but how many

c.f.c.'s the. how and the settling on that. the ruling elite of this empire were ruled the right from hundreds tribe to tribe of koresh these people have become the rule is a very very wealthy empire and they also have laws that have been drawn from across the peninsula and now we're being settled in garrisons in egypt and iran and so i think the politics and the economics of the situation who are almost inevitably going to drive conflict. in six fifty five mutinies broke out the against the kind of uncalled for and bustle. and in the garrison that's a stall in egypt. a year later on gravels marched to medina and took up positions around off months house calling

on him to step down. he broke a disease has tended to see things get ugly but she's broken into and he's assassinated killed and it's said that so. full symbolic moment he was meditating reading the koran the company one of his wives and the blood of the third kid of the spilt on the cross to the got the emblematic moment when the word of god is splattered with blood and it's as if this community will never know peace again. once again a caliph had been assassinated. but this time the killers were muslims. less than a quarter of a century after the death of the prophets. in

recent years the sawhill of north africa as witness the so-called war on terror. but is this official narrative. masking a larger battle. a battle for the earth's natural resources. shadow war in the sahara at this time on al-jazeera. it's impossible to underestimate the size and scale of the economic crisis it's not just about the billion trillion dollars of debt it's not just about the banks it's not just about the government's real.

hello again i'm retired and are these are the top stories on. israeli fire has killed a palestinian joy and border protests for protestors in gaza have also been injured as israeli army fires live ammunition and tear gas at the gaza israeli border people in gaza been renewing protests after at least twenty one people were killed over the past week and more than one thousand four hundred injured half of them hit by israeli gunfire the un has urged israel not to use excessive force and says foreign should be used only as a last resort. has more from the border totally the number of people who actually pushing closer to the fence has increased over the past few hours as you see the whole lot of tires at the moment the hope is to create this smokescreen that will stop the visibility of the israeli soldiers who are just where that sand berm is there also of the protesters are also holding mirrors in the hope that they could

blind this snipers who are deployed was stationed all across all along the border fence there. catalonia is formally to push him or has just been released on bail from a german prison a court there rejected a spanish extradition request judges ruled the rebellion charge that faces in spain is not a criminal offense in germany he's wanted over his role in the legal referendum for catalonia succession from spain. the time for dialogue has arrived we are demanding that daily from the last that she hears and we only received a violent and a representative response now seeing the form of that response it's time to do politics there is no excuse for the spanish authorities to a start a political dialogue with the catalan political leaders in order to find

a political solution of our demands not by criminal oh. and from a soft ground president park geun hye has been found guilty and a corruption scandal and sentenced to twenty four years in jail the court insult also find a more than sixteen million dollars after convicting have bribery abuse of power and coercion that i had lines way back with more news after we were tending to the college say with. the year six fifty six. just a quarter of a century has passed since the death of the prophet muhammad. and the foundation of the caliphate. the third caliph of man

has been murdered by a group of rebels in the capital. baghdad as money of your loved one gonna live the dean who are your will for one. that's the way can you help when i mean i mean. what in the hell you all i could million my duty and one stop. ali cousin and son in law of the prophet yielded to the pressure becoming the force of the russia doing the right he guided caliphs. he needed his plunge fall from being a spiritual sort of lost philosopher a poet theologian he's plunged into having to cope with a very very much political waters.

iraq. bedrock of support for the new caliph ali. abandoning medina he moved this capital here in the face of a growing threat coming from close to the prophet himself. calling for the punishment of off months killers. one of the prophet's wives and two of his closest companions. and his superiors gathered an army to do battle with the new caliph. it came to be known as the battle of the camel. they set the scene for violent conflicts between moments for my companions he was victorious and taught him so badly defeated are you sure withdrew from public life

after this defeat. the islamic state had fallen into its first civil war. the first but not the last. damascus the syrian capital. and six thirty four and after almost seven centuries of the roman rule. the city was conquered by muslims. an army commander was appointed governor of the mosques and later the entire

province. he had been abused and look as if he shot me well and good as an incentive but honest and that's where you are i mean a home with ideas at the n.c.i.c. who are let you lay a pile a him. some high level below. or evaluate a show me your own shadow be on them while we are well as law in a. while yet came from the same family of the correct strike the oh my yes as the murdered calif. he refused to give the oath of allegiance to the new caliph. many of us mons relatives began to mom but only hand over those killers for justice and the center of a myatt resistance to ali was syria which was governed by a member of a finance family his second cousin michael olea. and six fifty seven

ali marched northwards to quell malia's mutiny. they met a battle called prophecy feed which was inconclusive and they agreed to negotiate this proved to be a canny decision on the part of malawi because it's split elise support some of his supporters felt that he shouldn't be negotiate. a thing as the if he should just fight until he does stop missed his power. in january of six sixty one. the dissidents in ali's army decided to try to wrest power from the elite. they plan to assassinate. and as i'm a arm the governor of egypt. but their conspiracy ended with only

one victim ali the cut. off to three decades the first chapter. of the russian doing the right to god. was. going to say that they never do it. would mean i still. really need it the nia will lay in the shelves that he is c.s.e. while we have been answered yet when at the end the c.s.l. now. i will assure you that at the. law we emerged triumphant establishing the almighty caliphate. a new dentist no longer primarily religious. the caliphate now begun

to look more like among. in the ruins of anja in eastern eleven a. once thought to be by some time roman the city was in fact my domain. they had adopted the architectural style of the vice on titus along with the structures of imperial rule. but under all the numbers is a see a busy water one hundred can all of the and one of them and hawkman dissolve the wood and put out the lead but this is

a for the one in the main the hut they have no design will see definitely but there's a much finer food and the woods is abundant. with or on it good enough to where solid insert. under maja the caliphate changed its form. and as a king would have done he named his son yes he has a successor. the only caliphate was not dynastic people were chosen by being designated by fact trade assessor or by groups and he consulted amongst themselves so it was if you like elective in the least this possible sense of the word and that's how the first full caniff switch chosen by for a consensus of the only muslim community. became

color from his father's death in sixty eight. his rule was to plunge the states into another civil war. medina the first captive powerful figures in the muslim community were beginning to build strong opposition to his ear. particularly important examples are abdullah the son of the bear who were challenged ali in the first civil war also who is sane the son of ali who had been kailash during the first civil war he also resisted the call for a pledge of allegiance to his ear. to signal his rejection of years each kind of. scene left medina for. from there he set off for coup for former stronghold of his father.

but in october sixth eighty here in karbala iraq has its forces trapped and killed her same and most of the members of his family. nonetheless opposition to a maid rule was far from over. done remains a pair refused to pledge allegiance to the scene he described himself as the one who seek sanctuary in god's house and went to mecca sought refuge there easy decided to send an army against up to ribbons are bad but i've driven as a bear was saved by the premature death of years and at that moment in six eight three he proclaimed himself. meanwhile in damascus ma you know the second son of yours he was installed that's the third kind

of of the my dentist. but within a few weeks he died leaving no son no successor. a power vacuum seized on by the rival caliph and. co yet the model that. let the. eleven exhibit such as that i will bother to cover a lot of the. iraq. welcome back i need. to see. a man the jordanian capital. city overlooked by the remains of a bison tynecastle. and the palace of the main government. the tribes of jordan were the last to stay loyal to the mites. in

six eighty four a tribal gathering held here chose marwan as the new my youth callous. and it was his son malik who would reunite the islamic state under the firm rule of the almighty it's. the dome of the rock. jerusalem's most recognizable lung. built on the odors of the in my youth caliphs optimistic this is the third holiest sites in islam. but at the time the two most holy sites the mosques of mecca and medina lay in the

hands of the almighty its rival calif it was obeyed. in six ninety one as a judge a ruthless a made general set off for islam's holiest place with a powerful army. sent him to besieged mecca and defeat even sabbat perhaps because i'm dumb i can self didn't want to be too closely associated with the damage to the shrine. of the sinners. and a desperate miserable. shelter in the slums most sacred shrine. the kaaba. but the hijazi was not to be deterred and bombarded it with a couple. after eight months of determined resistance.

if mr baird was killed in last ditch fighting. was stopped by the medic when my one and you were eight though he did know that mia mother left and jenny that was a new age she as if he had been checking in a lot why barack at the foot when when jack can see about that said yeah the medic when the one minute at the one out of the. after two decades as callous. demanded the legacy of stability to the sun. and that foundation. would build a still great and park. the

capital of modern morocco. it was here in seven zero eight that the armies of the m a u calif. reached the atlantic coast. after more than fifty years of fierce resistance by local berber tribes the muslims had finally conquered the whole of north africa. got our way before i don't mean that far when and the south when his i met the crowd water avoid a shut up where the shade harder for. having been conquered the berbers discovered that this land had much to offer and began to convert and assimilate. one of them. was about to write his name in history. jumbled thought.

the mountain of thought. gibraltar. southern tip of the iberian peninsula. it was here in the spring of seven hundred and eleven torics army of berbers landed after crossing the mediterranean. inside three years he had toppled the visigoths rulers. and secured almost total control of the peninsula turning it into a colorful province known as under lucio. power about me when i can all mostly gone public with the army doesn't f a did india did. the other thing a division did not follow. along with the great

conquests in europe there was more success in asia. muslim armies began advancing towards what is today pakistan afghanistan and the central asian republics. within ten years they had reached the borders of china. had built the biggest empire yet no. as you know has iemma entity marconi a command to the roman military i mean us. commander general. we necessary command to their fullest coverdell minister thirty. meanwhile as well you're outta here.

unlike the traditions of earliest. the walls of foresight ombre in the jordanian desert are painted in a by sometimes style. here is depicted not as a religious figure but as an emperor. in just ten years he had made himself the most powerful man on earth. but the successes would struggle to retain that power. the peyronie's. the don't sing natural barrier between spain and france.

in seven thirty two under the command of up the russian monitors off of the governor of under lucio. muslim forces across these mountains into french territory . seemingly unstoppable they advance north capturing one city after another. woman left the unity and it's look it's easy for a forty. to be hugged. for take. a look at the unknown. illness had the unsolved talk of these to me here. in a kind of a new i mean. look. on this field to the north of the french city of what you. did france and troops were

stopped by frankish army under shop mocked as. the muslims were defeated and their commander up to the hamas kill. muslims remember this battle of the martyrs dog. but european history knows it as the battle of tool a victory that stopped the northern spread of islam and saved pristine europe. it then came to symbolize for later historians in particular for the great english historian edward gibbon he saw it as a decisive turning point in the battle between europe and the muslim world and he famously said that if it hadn't been for. charles martel and who are we would now be preaching the koran in oxford.

this defeat in europe in the reign of the tenth of may it caliph a sham brought an end to a my youth invincibility. and just as his palace in jericho palestine lies in ruins today. is shams death and seven forty three through the whole state into chaos. after almost two years of all made family infighting over the caliphate one the second emerged as the fourteenth and last in my youth calendar. for my javelin few in my one. gun a. well i guess that day and the arctic. absolved by his

efforts to contain trouble at the heart of the state the new caliph was oblivious to grave events unfolding in the east. a rather mysterious leader whose remember by the name of a muslim was calling for pledges of allegiance to the prophet's family and he managed to draw a substantial following from eastern iran into an army to oppose a mind to rule. the rebel army marched westward and captured coup folks in iraq. in november seven forty nine here in the city's mosque by on the oath of allegiance was given to the first a bus in calif. they proclaimed a man as called abu allah. and he was a descendant of one of the prophet mohammed's uncles and he based his claim to the

caliphate on that kinship with the prophet mohammed. in january seven fifteen. on the banks of the zab river in iraq the oh my it's led by their kind of what i want for their last battle against the us at all. after a heavy defeat marwan escaped westwards. that summer of the year seven fifty he was killed by the a bus. after nineteen years in power you might caliph it had been brought to an end. why the mayans lost power and what exactly happened in the aussie revolution is a difficult question but it seems to be related to this ongoing sense that the

prophets family had a right to rule the kayleigh fight and this was a problem of the a my it's never really successfully contained. some muslims believe that the caliphate should always have remained strictly within the prophet's bloodline. this belief would lead to the biggest splits in the history of islam. a split which is still exploited to this day. the centuries old divide. between sunni and shia.

a story fourteen hundred years in the making. a story of succession and the leadership. as jesse that tells the story of dispute and division of the hall of an empire. the caliph episode two on a jersey. binny's pink skies by the taj mahal. or is this some sense in the city of angels.

however with the rain clouds gathering for what a seris at the moment a little area cloud sliding away from santiago drifting across the ad days and pushing over towards of a plate then this area cloud will bring some lava live down posing through the cold saw friday twenty one celsius the top temperature at this stage further north you can see the showers containing a few showers up towards rio they still push through that wet weather across the white also pushing for as we go on into us as day temperatures bouncing back to around twenty three degrees that's where the system that will make its way it will santiago for the early part of next week further north right across the amazon basin the usual lively showers coming through they'll be a few showers to come across the caribbean lots of fine and wild weather for the nice part having said that but to see want to see showers beneath this area collapse into hispaniola showers perhaps gathering a little more research go on into saturday houseware generally foul weather clap plenty of sunshine kingston getting up so very pleasant thirty degrees celsius

meanwhile we've got some very heavy rain pushing into the western side of the u.s. we could see record breaking april rainfall coming into california as we go on through the next twenty four hours or so we've got snow into central areas and heavy rain to the south. the weather sponsored by qatar raise. the scene for us whether online what is a very nice time in yemen that peace is always possible but it never happens not because the situation is complicated but because no one cares or if you join us on sat there are people that are choosing between buying medication and eating basis is a dialogue i want to get in one more comment because this is someone who's an activist just posted a story join the global conversation at this time on al-jazeera.