a society's progress is dependent on the quality of its experts more on finding professionals a top priority is to why do you wait in your generation to study find new teaching methods are infusing thai students to become the agents of change taking them out of the classroom to solve problems in their local communities level education inspiring sight time line at this time on. whether someone is telling. the truth i think it's how you approach and if it is a certain way. about

us in india how the top stories on al-jazeera donald trump says u.s. officials have held high level talks with north korea to try to arrange a summit with kim jong un has been confirmed trump's nomination for secretary of state mike pompei you met north korea's leader in pyongyang president trump's been speaking during a meeting with japan's prime minister shinzo. japan and ourselves are locked in we are very unified on the subject of north korea we will probably be depending on various meetings and conversations we'll be having meetings with kim jong very soon it'll be taking place probably in early june or a little before that assuming things go well it's possible things won't go well or we won't have the meetings and we'll just continue to go along this very strong path that we've taken but we will see what happens. as

a matter of fact the united states has the overwhelming military power in the world and by using this strength you have effectively applied an overwhelming amount of pressure against north korea and also as the u.s. and north korea have a summit meeting which will be held for the first time my hope is that there will be a tangible progress towards resolving the outstanding issues of concern this includes nuclear issues as well as the abduction issue which is a top priority for the japanese syria's ambassador to the u.n. says chemical weapons inspectors will enter duma on wednesday if it's safe enough he says a u.n. security team is at the site and will make a decision on access for the investigators they'll look into the suspected chemical attack on april the seventh but they won't assign blame so in a holder has more from beirut. now the russian government and the syrian government have been criticized for what they called preventing the team from entering western nations said that the team was not given access now the team arrived in the syrian

capital damascus on saturday both the russian and syrian government cited security concerns and that's why there has been a delay now the o.p.c. w.'s mission is to determine whether or not the chemical weapons attack actually happened its mandate does not a portion any blame now the united states and other western countries like france for example believe that the proof or the evidence could have been tampered with because when this alleged chemical weapons attack happened the opposition was in control of they then surrendered russian military police entered duma and they carried out their own inspection and declared that they did not find any traces of chemical weapons that were used now the o.p.c. w. it's still not clear when they're going to release the findings but we have to make clear that western nations are not waiting for the results because they already carried out retaliation they carried out attacks on saturday targeting syria's chemical weapons facilities so the findings are not going to trigger another

response but definitely if the o.p.c. w. finds that indeed a chemical weapons attack actually happened it will be damning for the russian and syrian government the un's new special envoy for yemen is working on a plan for talks to end the three year civil war martin griffiths will outline his proposal to the security council within two months he says all sides are prepared to negotiate and the funny thing. anti-government rallies have intensified in our media monitor the vote a lot of the former president to become prime minister tens of thousands of people protested in the capital yet avan in other cities accusing says circassian of a power grab he was president for a decade and i media's new constitution is giving more power to the office of prime minister police in nigeria have fired tear gas at hundreds of shia muslim protesters in a boucher demonstrators want the release of their religious leader even humes exactly who's been jailed without charges since december twenty fifteen u.s.

investigators will examine the engine of a southwest airlines plane after it exploded mid-flight smashing a window and killing a passenger the seven three seven jet was traveling from new york to dallas with one hundred forty nine people on board and made an emergency landing in philadelphia former u.s. first lady barbara bush has died aged ninety two the wife and mother of two former presidents was in hospital several times this year barbara bush was often ranked in polls as the most popular first lady in modern history and those are the headlines the news continues here on al-jazeera after the caliph. the caliph. a form of rule in a slam. that lasted for almost thirteen centuries.

from the death of the prophet muhammad. to the overthrow of the last ottoman caliph in one thousand nine hundred twenty four. the arabic ten for twenty eighth twenty five which actually in essence simply means a successor or at deputy. the ruler of the islamic world would call himself a confederacy. success so ultimately. through the centuries. the title of scholar is a term that has been used. on the time of use. in june two thousand and fourteen. a militant group calling itself the islamic state in iraq and the levant or i so. declared the establishment of a caliphate. they call rejected by most muslims around the world.

i still took root and expanded in iraq and syria. two countries flung into violence by the political turmoil and foreign intervention of recent years. the turmoil revived sectarian differences that go back ten centuries between sunni and shia almost. to the will to be done at them is us yes you are nuts and if you did what. in the sun i just miss not talking for all to study all the talk is a little bit about the problem that you know as a human you know. this is the story of the great split within islam. of how the split a rose from a dispute of who should succeed the prophet muhammad.

this is the story of the common. the by our mosque. outside mecca and saudi arabia. that a delegation from the town of medina made by on a pledge of support and shelter to the prophet muhammad.

shortly after he left mecca. and mcgrady to medina with a group of followers. over the next ten years muhammad built the first islamic state. but in june sixth thirty two the prophet died in his capital medina. leaving the young state without a leader. there's a tradition that says that the muslims on that day were like sheep on a rainy night they were frightened and huddling together and it's not clear whether

or not the prophet had made any plans for his succession. within hours of the prophet's death senior figures in the most and community came together to choose a successor to the prophets a caliph. the debate was long and intense. it was the emigrants from mecca was afraid. i will be was chosen to be the first caliph in islam. and it was so with that i will leave him alone what about the muscle fear. the knee. that a belly and with no food while home their men the value to him and how

they were. but though they were from his tribe. not the immigrants from the prophet's close family the hashemites. the descendants of muhammad's great grandfather passion. at that time in arab society the family was understood as a much larger unit lateral lines uncles brothers cousins and so long all considered to be part of the clan. sr among the hashemites was a. muhammad's cousin husband of his one surviving don't fall to mom and father of the prophet's only living grandson has. undone hussein. but when the decision to choose the caliph was taken i was busy elsewhere.

at the time of the prophet's death we know that he was early who was in charge of the payroll arrangements. to do two full respectful son and the cousin was caring for the prophet's body. the next day in the medina mosque a walk was given by on the oath of allegiance by the majority of the muslim community. ali however was not one of them. what happened that day which saw the seeds of a political divide that would gradually evolve. into a deep religious. the division of a slam. into sunni and shia.

if you ask a sunni or shia muslim about that moment of mohammed's death and the decision about the leadership you will get two very different aunts as the sunnies suggest that he hadn't actually made any clear plans for his succession eyes death the shia would say that he had and that he was to be succeeded by his first cousin and son in law ali. three months before his death. the prophet muhammad made a famous speech here and he had the home. an ancient resting place on the route from mecca to medina. a speech that has been interpreted ever since in two very different ways. all people of forms whoever i've been mustered. i think he has to be his master.

or. be the support of whoever supports him. and then enemy of whoever opposes him. and they feared that the fact. there's this moment where if your silly you believe the prophet. gave to ship of his family if. you believe he gave the leadership of the family but also the whole community. the profit speech is celebrated by shia to this day. each year a feast is held on the anniversary to commemorate what shia see as muhammad appointing ali to be his successor.

but the mainstream majority the sunni have no such priests. and no doubts about the legitimacy. and the caliphs who succeeded him. shortly after becoming calif. i will buck faced his first major challenge a tribal revolt against the islamic state. in this moment of peril. chose unity over division and gave the oath of allegiance to the calif. in an alley early sell em back there at the caffeine with that in more i.e. enter says shell i'm ok send it in a film s.l.

or somewhere that she had mostly mean. the whole theater the harbor. fee was she had a kettle in the kind of slam and the whole. the better part. of a box room lost it just two years. as he lay dying he nominated almost as a successor. ten years later and six forty four. on the second caliph was assassinated. while leaving dawn prayers in medina. on his deathbed it dictated how successor should be chosen.

six of the closest companions of the prophet. would confer together and choose one amongst. of the four days of deliberation last month was named the third caliph. once again ali chose. passed over by. and then for him the man when he's. in favor of. the new caliph came from a family of the christ tribe called the oh-my utes. the founder of always coveted the leadership of christ. standing in his way was his uncle hashem the patriarch of the house you might see. this rivalry but would fester through the centuries. how that's roots in mecca

decades earlier. in the pagan years before the birth of the slack. in the year six ten. in this cave outside mecca muhammad received the first revelation verses of the koran which set him on the path of prophecy. the emergence of a prophet among the hashemites antagonized the oh my it's. and their leaders. have been a step another now been as a been man of one. and them

a lot of that with a muzzle on. darwin a noble one of the men i know then. for twelve years the maids led a campaign of persecution against muhammad and his followers in mecca. persecution which culminated in their emigration to medina and six twenty two. but when the prophet returned to conquer america. and realized resistance was futile and joined slammed. by six forty four. the rising islamic state had expanded into a vast empire. and the caliphate that come into the hands of an almighty.

off months. with man was a genius but he employed far too many of his young cousins to me odds where they are stick rat of mecca and they'd been great leaders the pagan resistance and soap or making these characters who were his lovely cousins was also you know a bad political position. a rebellion erupted against off man's alleged nepotism. in six fifty six. and after twelve years as kind of. he was killed in his house in medina. a selfish deed what was it then him and the nest the half of that in a how when and. how when and where that can be either that it was had and than its let me. and yes that she.

was yahoo has you all know when saddam. almost a quarter of a century after the death of the prophet. the hashemites ali finally became the fourth kind of. who are bashed out of fear. the n.r.a. you know about it with mine have been a fan that a problem. within my been abused. a sham. many of off minds relatives were hostile to all his leadership i'm always demanded that all the hundred of the killers. the dispute quickly escalate. and to strengthen his position i removed the

capital from medina to his own power base in kuwait from iraq. because nomic state was now divided into. the east under hushing my calif and the west under an oh my you gov. the you should benefit in which. she and the well the shia. it was no it wouldn't you know lost and that could limit she. meant that mo had done when the american that had. his ship forwarded what is it put. in six fifty seven. march his army into syria to crush the mob yes

mutiny. off to days of bloody skirmishes and on the last day of the bottom. the army of malia was on the first shock defeat. in my mind and i'm also that famous malia. malia. there that it can. kind of ingestion of i don't. know who was. kind of slots and another to have. water when the heads up when i can hold a company that well that it can color that it's little enough. cover the months akin that the whole month of the tat they have got to be met and then the cut to. these dissidents from ali's on me that's how it is fixed on the roof this way to bring an end to the struggle.

the moment it was chosen fresh dawn prayers of the twenty seventh of january sixth sixty one. the seventeenth day of the holy month of ramadan. three assassins made their way to three different places to fight for ali damascus for. and forestall to egypt from. a over the last saw the finale of his look at the wall of the serpent saw the finale to be a force that he could help with teddy especially when that. wobble. not just in iraq. a holy place to she almost lose.

they believe is buried here. for them he is more than a kind of. he has any man. imbued with religious authority that could be passed on only through his bloodline. so on ali's death the caliphate passed to his older son. but he would not be long in the post. can the system to fifth know where they can and no lame kinda cool in iraq. a joy there's a lot while we have there's a lot to be yeah what the fuck are hyla and yet the nazareth has an even highly and he would be laughing well camera has a and i do with

a one at the as john our focus yes uma. damascus thirteen centuries ago oh my you capital. though the caliphate remained in the chorus tried. it had passed from the hashemites to oh my yes. and there it would remain for the coming century. the crunch point really comes late in not always rain when he designated his son. as his successor and this was a real touch point for generating controversy and opposition. is each succession on the death of ma we are in six eight. triggered the series of

events that resonate to this day. in a defiant show of opposition hossein younger son of ali refused to pledge allegiance to his ear and set off towards mecca on pilgrimage. on the way. he began to receive messages asking him to come to iraq. where his supporters plan to install him a scallop. he gathered together his family and decided to move to confront his father's. former capital. unfortunately for sane his plan got to the a myatt governor of iraq and he was able to block his route to the city of kuta and so hussein was trapped without substantial military support at

a place called tabbouleh. and it was at karbala in october six eighteen that hussien and his small band of supporters met their bloody fate. about the makati team let in middle of folly when the. hammer through a. yanni of the math war well how the heat at the. bottom of the us would in the measure see that. he and his entourage many of his family were massacred and his head was sent to his ied into mask. each year on the anniversary of the battle of karbala. around the world marked the event

in public displays of penitence and. extending sometimes even to ritual self punishment. to atone for their forebears failure to support the whole scene. it's really seen as the great tragedy of his law from the she respective this is vic the great disaster is that the prophets family didn't get to take kayla fate into leeds muslims. but seventy years after karbala. the revolt would finally succeed in bringing the caliphate back to the family of the prophet. the hotshots. the scene for us where on line what is american sign in yemen that peace is almost

possible but it never happens not because the situation is complicated but because no one cares or if you join us on sat there people that there are choosing between buying medication and eating this is a dialogue i want to get in one more comment because this is someone who's an activist just posted a story join the global conversation at this time on al-jazeera fast furious and sometimes fatal mongolia's child jockeys are risking their young lives writing to women are they being exploited in the name of tradition one of the nice investigators on al-jazeera. i'm rob matheson in doha the top stories on all jazeera donald trump says u.s.

officials have held high level talks with north korea to try to arrange a summit with kim jong un who confirms trump's nomination for secretary of state michael pale he met north korea's leader in pyongyang president thomas crew speaking during a meeting with japan's prime minister shinzo operator. japan and ourselves are locked in we are very unified on the subject of north korea we will probably be depending on various meetings and conversations we'll be having meetings with kim jong il very soon it'll be taking place probably in early june or a little before that assuming things go well it's possible things won't go well or we won't have the meetings and we'll just continue to go along this very strong path that we've taken but we will see what happens. as a matter of fact the united states has the overwhelming military power in the world and by using this strength you have effectively applied an overwhelming amount of

pressure against north korea and also as the u.s. and north korea have a summit meeting which will be held for the first time my hope is that there will be a tangible progress towards resolving the outstanding issues of concern this includes nuclear issues as well as the abduction issue which is a top priority for the japanese syria's ambassador to the u.n. says chemical weapons inspectors will enter duma on wednesday if it's safe enough he says a u.n. security team is at the site and the investigators will look into this month's suspected chemical attack but it won't assign blame. the un's new special envoy for yemen is working on a plan for talks to end the three year civil war martin griffiths well outlined his proposal to the security council within two months he says all sides are prepared to negotiate an end to the fighting anti-government rallies have intensified in armenia off of votes allowing the former president to become prime minister tens of thousands of people protested accusing says how julian of a power grab he was

a president for a decade former u.s. first lady barbara bush has died aged ninety two the wife and mother of two former presidents was in hospital several times this year barbara bush was often ranked in polls as the most popular first lady in modern history. those are the headlines the news continues here on al-jazeera after the caliph life. at home i'm a southern jordan. in the eighth century it was a settlement of one of the two major branches of the hashemites. the prophet's own

family of the christ droid. known as the bus its these were descendants of an eye bus one of muhammad uncles the other branch where the islets descended from. the prophet's cousin and son in law. in seven sixteen abdulla one of the eyelets arrived in and how my mother with a strange story. had i thought any been at be thought it. must be i live almost eliminate up to many of them a who had. you know what i shall be and i'm modeled so. who some minister they met. our beloved

died in and my mom. but in his final hours he confessed to his a busted cousin. that he was the head of a plot to topple my it's. not a do. is be a living i'm a little luck of the and the only min and me in the living into someone that even if you thought of in a. home a limb you really know me and then i'm going to do and then a walk in the my living realize i'm gonna shout and our own free b. day live we have the men and the mom that. over the next thirty years this message persuaded many islet she has to join the bus it goes. in seven forty six. the

secret movement turned into full blown revolution in the eastern part of the islamic empire in what is today the shia state of iran. it's very very hard to say whether the abbasids used the attic. they certainly wanted to accrue as wide a support base as they possibly could and they were certainly wanted those who supported and k. live to join them movement. within three years the a bus it's had captured coup for the colorful capital of ali. it was in this mosque that the name and identity of the caliph in waiting were finally revealed. they proclaimed a man

a scale if called abu allah. and he was a descendant of one of the prophet muhammad's uncles and he based his claim to the kayleigh faith on that kinship with the prophet mohammed. in seven fifty. yeah bastards entered damascus capital of the mighty mighty it states. the largest empire yet. but in the years to come they would struggle to maintain the unity of the vast state they now controlled. by the mid century. bussard said seize control of the caliphate but did little for their cause. a sense of betrayal to cold and fermented among the

islands. in a bold and dangerous move they declare the rival caliphate in medina. and a busted army was rushed to the city. its roof to sleep crushing the rebellion. in the midst of the but deluded enough but she and the others and. the moment they let the assault. and they had led the coup in a minute little damage the libby. as she had been at low enough she. the sun now buzzards consolidated their dominance of the center of the state from their newly built capital but that.

but they had failed to exert the same control over the provinces of the far west. in seven fifty six and all made fugitive prince called abdul rahman reached under new c.e.o. . only six years after the collapse of his grandfather's caliphate. he succeeded in reviving you know my youth in a state with go to. as its capital. and i'm up as a moment over that will all sons of the will you want to be done is not

a hold of the defense if you must come up obviously done on your own don't you know a number. one and i bet you no more to support it i felt when i was on the other had the i'm not enough of a clown doesn't fit out of that if he's there me or me buffet and that was. the old maid and the written under sia was the first to break from the caliph it. but it would not be the last. soon another states at the western edge of the muslim world and the magic would break away from their bus routes. and this time it would be their own cousins the islets. but at the canal of the sort i don't know if. and when it's it must look in the event i don't because they don't have enough of

it after i thought let's. just say no and. i'll be. in seven eighty eight degrees and alledge fugitive arrived here in the moroccan city of my will a decent room. a city that now carries his name. recognizing him as a descendant of the prophet. local burma tribes were quick to offer him their oath of allegiance as ruler of the region. and so was born the at the recent emirates the first independent state. that is how. you'll get a little bit. of a sense of. what. if. i

did and. the. end of that may have been a bit of money. but with the new and expanding state just three years old is to be nice guy. he was laid to rest here in the city that still bears his name. it priests had allegedly been poisoned on the orders of harun al-rashid. the most famous soviet bus caliphs.

the statue of shanghai auto and shot i said in back that. the two main characters of one thousand and one nights. legendary stories inspired by the opulence of her own little sheets court. the golden age of the a bus in calif it. but that a spot but you know to do nia then who had it in bed you know you had. for that the to bobby how could all of the island work with a few. could not. or could one hundred sea island or could all the bad island weather that excitement here on the. under or she'd scholars began the great task of transcribing and translating the

cultural and scientific works of former civilizations. encouraged and supported by the abbas of caliphs. muslims began adding their own scholarship to the stock of human knowledge. laying the groundwork for europe's run of songs and centuries to come. in siena or the west gnosis and the center had written not only philosophical texts but also a very important treatise and medicine was translate into latin became the standard textbook for european medical schools for centuries. but the golden age of the a bus its was destined to be short lived. in eight thirty six the eighth a bus that kind of a not awesome moved this capital here to some era in iraq.

it was also to be a military base for the caliphs new army. an army of turkic mercenaries. toughened by life on the steps of central asia. an army. that would soon erode the power of the caliphs. but that i'm sort of out of me yet it died she and she and i must sign it all more if we don't you know. how you like that martha sim milat that iraq was wow home. and new when at eighty. in eight forty seven here and some era turkic army commanders installed a motto or kill as the tenth bassett calif to.

do. and for a century to come. they would effectively route the caliphate. appointing deposing torturing and even killing a string of twelve caliphs who were little more than puppets. yanni. me was sherry at. the above us but you know what's even worse what. about. the caliphate really had become a symbol and had no effective power anymore and in the muslim world we had a multitude of different political regimes in the various reaching from the us today spain to this continent often this period is seen as a period of decline because of these political divisions. but it wasn't

just a matter of the slow fracturing of the state. as its western edge and new threat was on the rise. match day. the small town on the two newseum coast would soon emerge as the seat of a rival caliphate. and this new caliph would not be sunny. but she. iran heartland of shia islam in the modern world. today shia make up around fifteen percent of the global muslim population of more than one and a half billion. in their belief it is the title

of the man and not caliph that confers the right to rule. the vast majority of shia in the world are known as twelve years. they follow a hear read to terry line of twelve immense descended from the prophets cousin and his wife fatima the prophet's daughter. a line ending with the last eman al mahdi. the twelve or she belief holds that are maddy disappeared in some era and eight seventy four. he will reemerge at the end of the world as the ultimate savior of mankind. you know she has been e in the mimic them oh you mean yes she is. yoga does he lay shit with us here the clue to look. here with if he should

live that a shrewd maneuver that he for people whom. were bit dirty feet in the in you. for the better will. be well a ship with a tease. but this holy commandment was no protection against the deep divide the belief. of cause i'm a mosque that. the shrine of the man who marks the division of she has him into two strands. it is the tomb of the seventh of the twelve years in man's. who died here in the year seven ninety nine. of those however dispute his status. they consider the real seventh to be his

brother it's my. they came to be known as this my. the two over. which additionally. not interested or did not strive to take political power because they believed that they were waiting for the return of the man the so that at that point the righteous regime would be installed and anything in between. heaven to rule and in this land. but for the ismaili shia. there was to be no waiting for the return of the man. by the late ninth century. there preaching the taken root among the berber tribes in north africa. a new movement was on the rise. with this roots firmly in the shia tradition. added an outward i.

had a. definite. hole i'd been a couldn't sleep i'm not often. gotten for assess how dekha there it was. but the balance on have a what. bait. in the year nine hundred the nine in cairo on tunisia. all by the law a man claimed to be a descendant of a smile was declared the caliph of the first ever shia caliphate. it would be known as the phantom in. after the fall to my daughter of the prophet muhammad. an ancestor of all the men.

the concept of the ismaili caliphate is completely different from the abbas that kind of thing because of the claim to divine inspiration and divine guidance which the fatah movements put forward they certainly developed institution which was theoretically completely different from the abbas that. the fatah meds now began to expand their state westwards into the market. but this would lead to a clash with another major muslim power. and soon the islamic world would find itself in a surreal position. yeah

. by nine hundred twelve they all made emirates in under sia was over a century and a half old. ruled from cordoba by the eighth m.e.u. . the third. after crushing all rebellions. and uniting under the sea and he looked towards expanding southwards across the mediterranean. yes starvation and of the fucking caliphate what is know. we. meant a big threat for the my yes terms of the political control of the better but is that texas to india.

to strengthen his position. in one twenty nine. abdurrahman declared the undersea an emirate an independent oh my god caliphate. three centuries on from the founding of the title the islamic world was now divided between three colors. to sony and one. the ultimate result of that really was a decline in the value put on the notion of the caliphate itself so it leads to huge rifts politically speaking within the community as well as the religious differences that these different caliphate signal. in but that the suffering of the abbas of caliphs continued under turkish military

domination. but by the mid tenth century a new force had emerged. a persian then a city. but an end to turkish control of the caliphate. but no boy was home shia while my baloch i'm assuming. lives and all that will live though are shia in a manner in that i'm old and look at the american on a well known level and of the i have the sunni when i'm out in the them going to become clear we're going to. we're still what's to come for the our bassett's. and nine sixty nine a phantom it on me captured egypt. three years later the forefront the macallan and moyes abandoned his capital match the tunisia and

headed east. for the next two centuries the newly built city of cairo which serves as the seat of the shia. the fatah it's considered that caliphate universal so ideally they wanted to expand that palace from their original base in north africa back into each it on into syria and ultimately to encompass the whole islamic well they weren't able to achieve that and will instead happened in the tenth century was the islamic world became divided between a number of different caliphate. meanwhile in the west. a storm was gathering. christians uniting under the banner of the cross. were looking eastward to

conquer the holy lands. the approaching struggle could not have come at a worse time for a divided muslim world. and for the caliphs were at their weakest point as they turned to face the crusades. a story fourteen hundred years in the making. a story of succession and leadership.

a jazzy tells the story line of the mists and the end of an empire. the kind of episodes three. hello a lot of the vicious and non seasonal weather in the us encounters gone away but not all of it not by a long where this here was still effectively wintry in nature but we've seen big

contrast in temperatures disappear so we haven't got a storm problem at the moment we've still got the remains of snow to blow through eastern canada and another lickers snows running through the midwest if you want to be in chicago yes yourself do i want to stay here for the rest of the month because this is looking disappointing four degrees snow quite possible in northern illinois is somewhat more fertile in the east coast so nice and warm day in new york after the dismal last twenty four hours and the pacific coast is increasingly cloudy with rain or even some snow inland tejano says all the way down south look at from san francisco up into the hills you might see in white once more at the same time there's more white spreading across to new england chicago even the sunshine can manage no more than five degrees so we haven't exactly turned the corner to summer yet just quietened down a bit in fact active weather could be seen now and recently in the caribbean the last the big shots disappearing through cuba caught a few decent downpours in the restaurant tilly's and they could be repeated i think

in the next day or two. a society's progress is dependent on the quality of its experts we need more in finding a functional is a top arity is to wide awake in your generation to study find new teaching methods are infusing thai students to become the agents of change taking them out of the classroom to solve problems in their local communities level education inspiring science in thailand at this time on al-jazeera.