structed from saving their family. as the crisis in yemen worsens some have fled the horror of war only to be entangled in bureaucratic limbo with their lives and dreams of the future caught on. fault lines explores the all too real effect of trumps immigration policies. between warring on the ban on of just. zero. every.

i know that. these are the top stories on al-jazeera after several delays and have finally been given access to the scene of a suspected chemical attack that took place in syria two weeks ago the syrian government on its ally russia deny responsibility for the attack and an alleged cover up is back to. blame only be trying. to place. reports. the wait is over inspectors but the organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons given access to the area of the alleged chemical attack in duma samples were collected but delayed access to the site is raising questions about the quality of the evidence and whether syria or russia cleared the scene the visit comes a week after o.p.c. w. inspectors first arrived in syria the u.s.

and france have accused russia of blocking the investigation to buy time for mr lavrov who is who is a master of making these type of arguments i mean he would get up and stand in front of you for hours and tell you that well it could just as equally be you know borsch and learning from a flying saucer you don't know that and you know it's the kind of logic which says you know if they offer an alternative explanation which you can't prove is wrong. tends to you know whittle away at the more dominant or many more than forty people reportedly died in a suspected chemical attack on april seventh the u.s. france and the u.k. retaliated by bombing several syrian government sites russia and syria have denied the use of chemical weapons they also deny hindering the investigation once the samples of the suspected chemical attack are analyze inspectors will submitted their report to the states parties to the chemical weapons convention depending on

the findings and inspectors could make a second visit to duma. young al-jazeera saudi arabian security forces say they shut down a toy drone near the royal palace in the capital riyadh are. video posted online appears to capture the sound of gunfire in the area officials say king solomon was out of town at the time of the incident and an investigation is underway yemen's if the rebels have previously tried to fly bomb carrying drones into saudi arabia. western powers of welcomes north korea's announcement that it will suspend do clear and missile testing us president donald trump said it was good news but japan is more cautious saying it must lead to concrete action the family of a palestinian engineer who died in malaysia says he was assassinated by the israeli intelligence agency mossad and palestinian media reporting that fatty al butts was

close close range by two motorcyclists as he walked towards a nearby mosque in kuala lumpur a massacre that was a loyal member of its posse who made important contributions in the energy field then sascha a committee of the red cross says one of its workers was killed in the yemeni city of tires on saturday. dies after a gunman opened fire on his car it was in charge of the organizations detention program and was on his way to visit a prison when the attack happens india's government has approved the death penalty for people convicted of raping children under the age of twelve it follows widespread protests over a number of attacks and doing the rape and murder of an eight year old girl in kashmir. armenia's new president has personally intervened in a public demonstration as anger continues to grow over his predecessor's attempts to stay in power. sarkisyan spoke to opposition supporters many of whom are calling

for a prime minister's son c.m. to step down. became prime minister after a decade as president positions says with his new expanded powers he's now effectively become. a life. and us president donald trump is accusing the former f.b.i. director james comey of leaking classified information in his new book has been promoting his memoirs in which he portrays trumka as a quote ego driven liar komi was fired by trump last year as the f.b.i. investigated alleged russian meddling in the election. there's other headlines the news continues after college. the caliphate. a form of rule in islam.

that lasted for almost thirteen centuries. from the death of the prophet muhammad. to the overthrow of the last ottoman caliph in one thousand nine hundred twenty four. the arabic term for caylee's eighteenth twenty five which actually in essence simply means a success at all or a deputy. the ruler of the islamic world would call himself resort to law the success of god's message. through the centuries. the title of color is a term that has been used. in the times abuse. in june two thousand and fourteen a militant group calling itself the islamic state in iraq and the levant or ice or . declared the establishment of

a caliphate. i call rejected by most muslims around the world. i saw reached into the past to appropriate the title of caliph. the group claimed its leader abu bakr but that. as a descendant of the prophet muhammad's own tried. to walk into an article put a shoe on him a can of one out of a flush. that could have been offered and out of a flush usually they have shabby out there would be maybe if you'd have a look. this is the story of how the title of caliph began in the prophet's tribe. and how nine centuries later the title was used by people of a different race. of different dynasties rosenfeld. ending with the decline of the ottoman caliphate.

this is the story. of the calif. saudi arabia. the holiest city islam. is here in the spring of the year five seventy one but muhammad the prophet of

islam was born into a family belonging to a tribe called what you. will waste land and be more covered less as i am of the just a lot of me you know how to just get out of me. what i can that. modifies the as well be that then i will be what i use gonna die if not i'm going to gamble up up. sixty one years later. my homage to medina the capital of the new islamic states. with his death in the problem of who should be successor. one thing seemed clear. new kind of how to come from the prophets trying. they had the in front of a milk the i that i love being in a lefty had the. lack in how the us and the other to have

a shot of your own womb is a man a listener any other than a feeling what it once was and again i don't but i must go buffy and all of that evil is them. for three hundred years after the prophets death the caliphate remains strong. but by the mid tenth century. the most of the road had from. divided now between three colors all three descendants of koresh. and centuries to come one by one each of those three kind of fits would crumble and fall.

out of the spain. competition of the under the sea into my youth kind of. this is the way you did esteem the druid from the mask. in the seventh and eighth century. the death of the second caliph. in the hof a century of chaos among members of his family. and ten thirty one the ninth and last minute callus the shan. was forced to stand down. to the most of the most. a look

on the board in the levee with us out you know but you know yes you know you've got it under those and said i'm going to answer any and. you know full well. that out of. the eye of. the. across the mediterranean the phantom it's in cairo also fell victim to better inform. in ten twenty one zero six colors but how can. mysteriously disappeared in the cut them hills outside his capital. his death almost certainly at the hands of his own family. would be the start of

the fact that it's long claws. from the late eleventh century onward farting in calif is increasingly losing control of affairs and that the political and military elites are starting to take over the state difficult. in baghdad. bassett's are suffering a similar thing. by the middle of the eleventh century mrs jewkes a rising turk in a city that seize control of the caliphate. and the government is allowed to has certain i love the moon what go on in but out the lack in the eleven via let me have a dollar why in the am i gonna shout son but law. me was sherry.

the subject rulers were the first to take the title so tong. and arabic words meaning authority. and in the trials to come the defenders of islam. would be sold thongs of non arab birth. clad them all fronts. the statue of pope urban the second pointing east. in november tenth ninety five from the city. he launched a christian campaign to recapture jerusalem and the holy land from the muslims.

the crusades. there more was lent by the pope to. be with you really so that his authority to declare war. and attend ninety six. the crusaders set out on arduous overland eastward journey. after three years of demanding travel and fierce battles. they finally reached their goal. and delight ten ninety nine kristie and it's captured jerusalem. there's a major massacre muslims died jews dead even some eastern christian. to the pins

and recognizes christians died and the chroniclers from the crusaders perspective present this is vengeance for the blasphemy that these saracens had done to the jesus's holy city of jerusalem. for not half century sturdier jerusalem had surrendered to the second caliph of aslan almost. within ten months you knowing. as muslim saul to confront the marauding crusaders islam faced a burning question where was the caliph. the a bastard at that point had no military force which they could have sent the father caliphate they had lost their syrian lands to local warlords

so when they saw the crusaders coming in they probably were quite happy to see that these was up us we're now facing a major problem with these community quite strong military contingency moving in from europe. large areas of the levant were occupied. divided by the christians into four distinct fiefdoms. but after half a century of crusaders success muslim slowly began to fight back. but it was not the caliphs were led to fight. damascus syria. in the middle of the twelfth century this city was the capital of the zinc it's

a turkish dentistry founded by a man. the governor of northern live on. an eleven forty four he had secured the first muslim victory against the crusaders. well with him out of the heart of it hit him out of the saddle eleusinian heaven into sought and the be infinitely misled and to. be an enemy in kenya and the head of all the blood. in eleven forty six. succeeded his father in the struggle against the crusaders and deliverance. two decades later he would be fighting over another progs.

corner of the house and the soul. at him and fall to meet him in his inky and you second. linnean the other seller who ascended the call well tannic him a chair call from the l a said. after five years of data. should call noted deans kurdish generals succeeded both in defeating the crusaders and seizing control of the fatah movement colorful . he was succeeded by his nephew salaheddine. man known to the west a solid thing. so he saw that his political career as the was leader of the falcons so he had to acknowledge the supremacy of the father at the foot two years

. but in eleven seventy one. switched his allegiance. bringing an end to a hoss centuries of the faults of the caliphate and the glaring egypt's loyalty to the opposite calif but that is. why that is but most certainly is that i've been had one problem that he had no legitimacy so the main selling point for so he didn't throughout his career was about some of. the costs of jordan. one of the largest crusader forts in the live on. from this powerful position the crusaders began to harass muslim trade caravans

threatening even make it so. some had been unified to syria and egyptian political landscape and the only remaining. you would polities with it was say the states so it was natural for them to move against them . in july eleventh eighty seven here and also in palestine but the place known as the homes of. solid dean's close is crushed the crusaders. for months later jerusalem surrender folk. this story not one. but two occurred that sold clones.

and. and you fill out bessie. life and. let it be sure when i'm asleep and i'm like a lot of different. check in. the defeat at the team was a turning point for the crusaders. driven back to a strip of my rainy and coastline. they consolidated their position with massive costs at strategic points like side and level. but just as this threat to the islamic world was subsiding. a danger of even greater proportions was gathering strength. this time. in the east.

and ancient school in. built by the ambassador. it was part of a desperate effort to recapture the golden age of the early our best caliphate. in twelve forty two and most awesome succeeded his father as the thirty seventh calif. but he would soon face a new danger. the approach of the moment boards to. be phased by the mongols over all was seen as a major turning point in the recent history and when the moments came there was

a clear sense of. the way of holding things. they will continue. in january twelve fifty eight. the mongols reached back then. within two weeks the opposite capital i've been brought to its knees. the caliph and the stasi was executed. the great city reduced to ashes. a five hundred year caliphate had come to an end. it was a moment that was but a watershed but also a confirmation of a situation which it actually existed for quite a long time. some scholars of all get that it was of not any great significance

because the real power of the apostates had faded away hundreds of years ago when they were just sitting around in that baghdad's palace and that their existence had very little meaning for the majority of mr. islam was now in peril. the only remaining hope was the new soto's of egypt the man who looks. right at the slaves from central asia to form an army for the e.u. bits. they had supplanted some other demons dentist. in september twelve sixteen here at the in general in palestine. the member army but the mongols and that's. it was

a decisive victory for the most. the man looks at save the muslim world. and their tenuous legitimacy. was about to be struck. there was a member of the boston family who managed to escape from the slaughter in baghdad and make his way to cairo where the man lukes of egypt subsequently recognized his descendents as k.f.c. in cairo and derive benefits in the sea from this kind of shadow puppet caliphate. bolstered by the caliphs indorsement in twelve months he won. the man looks put an end to two centuries of christian crusades. aker. the last crusade the fortress on the mediterranean was captured.

meanwhile in anatolia a new muslim power was on the rise. a power which would carry the banner of islam to the gates of constantinople. in six twenty nine during the life of the prophet muhammad. the first ever battle between muslims and by sun times took place here in. southern jordan. the fight ended with the muslims defeated and their withdrawal to medina. but the

setback would be temporary. the progress great. as of constantinople still back and. stumbled into a pagan but i found the miss that one alicia fifty how these letter costantini of an m.l.a. meeting i mean when any measure. you can only see the stumble if. you read arab jargon for most of the tenth and eleventh century constantinople is described as the apple the ultimate prize that someday muslims will win and often the taking consonant no pool is presented almost apocalyptic terms of something that will bring on the final victory of islam. that final victory would fall to the ultimate ends of turkic most i'm trying to emigrate from central asia to settle in i told.

them and they get these i'm one of the shut lot of my demon of it the protestant done it died in it is that in a quarter to that yet it's been a little yeah then you stumble a little. in april fourteenth fifty three minutes army siege to the great city. seven weeks later the all to men's bathroom their way to consult you know. and as the victorious. entered the city through this gate. an eight hundred year old prophecy had come to pass.

this invalid importance was known to muslims and also for european christians suddenly one of the major capitals of cristen them had become a muslim. but just as they tasted the fruits of victory. at the far end of the mediterranean. eight hundred years of muslim civilization. was about. to come crashing down. fast furious and sometimes fatal mongolia's child jockeys are risking their young lives riding to win are they being exploited in the name of tradition one of one east investigates an al-jazeera.

the problem and the headlines on al-jazeera international inspectors in syria have collected samples from the scene of an alleged chemical attack in the town of duma two weeks ago it follows a week of delays that france is blaming on soviet ally russia. saudi arabian security forces say they've shot down a toy drawing near a royal palace in the capital riyadh. video posted online appears to capture the sound of gunfire in the area officials say king solomon was out of town of the time of the incident and an investigation is underway yemen's who the rebels have previously tried to fly carrying drones into saudi arabia western powers how welcome to north korea's announcement that it will suspend nuclear and missile tests u.s.

president donald trump said it was good news but japan was more cautious saying it must lead to concrete action. the family of a palestinian palestinian engineer who died in malaysia says he was assassinated by the israeli intelligence agency mossad palestinian media reporting that fact the boche was shot at close range by two motorcyclists as he walked towards a nearby mosque in kuala lumpur hamas has confirmed that i was a loyal member of this party who made important contributions in the energy field to the international committee of the red cross says one of its workers was killed in the yemeni city your thighs on saturday who died after a gunman opened fire on his car the hood was in charge of the organizations detention program and was on his way to visit a prison when the attack happened india's government has approved the death penalty for people convicted of raping children under the age of twelve it follows widespread protests over a number of attacks including the rape and murder of an eight year old girl in

kashmir the order needs parliament's backing within six months to become law. how many as new president has personally intervened to the public demonstration as anger continues to grow over his predecessor's attempts to stay in power and said as he and spoke to opposition supporters many who are calling for the prime minister to step down will search site is he and became prime minister after a decade as president of the opposition says that his new expanded powers he's now effectively become a media's leader for life. as the headlines on al-jazeera the caliph continues next . the alhambra. a muslim citadel palace.

one of spain's most famous spawning winds. for more than two and a half centuries this palace in granada was the scene of the last it's. the last muslim dentist in the iberian peninsula. and i'm back to south asia when those pick and you already know nasa the roads were just fed up and you forget that he had pulled a deal they say and to the court of law but in a battle sequence he will not get ticked woulda a pickle might there be a list but what is the notice with other than i get i'm busy.

in the early eighth century. muslims conquered most of the identity and peninsula the province they called and that of sia. her but the compering on it was on able to drive home their success. the remnants of the former rumors the physical fights took shelter in the mountains in the north. of the cult of them it's a call to look at if you want to show that it is when you allow the. e.c. allotments the. mountains of northern spain would become the cradle of new christy kingdoms.

kingdoms that would start a holy war not a complete stop three conquered by derian peninsula and and what they saw as muslim capacious. was among the. tenets when it was all kind of look at that and did anyone see the indigenous charlottes who can it's a party to feel it is but. look at that it again and do seventy minutes to say no i mean in all sorts no i mean it's held at holkham no i mean is that i did it. and ten thirty one. after the folder made colorful of called the wall. under the sea a broke up into several minor city states. easy prey for the

christie kingdoms. help was needed from across the mediterranean. america's moral code. founded in the eleventh century as capital of the moral. the sperber dynasty and the success of. the young ones cross the sea to under the sea and to confront the threats from the spanish christian kingdoms. done wonderful if i wanted to enough is that if don't know that the how does the

mother it's a symbol to muddy. feet does the see what you missed in the few minutes of those. let the let the humbleness only as a whole jihad if you defend one if you don't and then knows. the whole while the other one. for more than a century that it can keep was held at bay. until the year twelve hundred twelve when the christine kingdoms of custody. are gone and portugal united against them one. here east of call them. a battle took place which immortalized the name of this morning for. us thomas to come up.

and walk the forces to heaven be defeated by the united christine. and has the money to what has he got is amiss but he didn't see me different and that was that he got to go to the house of this wasn't going to libya why not have that the old guy that you know if it's not if a suburban he ought to build in one of the up. he has even and i was in with the in a few mock of the above and others. christian forces continue to press south winds and by the late thirteenth century the muslim presence in spain was reduced to the tiny mustard kingdom of granada. and the media who did what was team ready and made enough above couple hook animals up to more of the i that's what i mean it's fuck yes it's fun it's more. how do you

need a new idea to win with. this animal it's a world where they know you're doing it hope millen missed it is using it as the wow team. in fourteen ninety one united on me's of the two christian monex is a battle of custom and king for non-doing of honor gone they'd siege to bring out the. muhammad the twelfth the nasir it's a long sentence desperate your quest for help. but this time there was no answer. was. he.

come. in. with no sign of help appearing. the city surrendered to the spaniards. are on fox her son. the son of. come.

in january fourteenth ninety two. responded and three grown up. on a computer stuff. was complete. then we sure. got off. the scene and did a survey. a minute. to do well and. a father for the i think there's. fourteen ninety two. marked the end of muslim rule in spain. and. that same year christopher columbus arrived back in grenada. he brought news of his discoveries to a sponsor. is about. a new word was about to

open for the christian. while the muslims were about to start fighting each other over an old title. the caliphate. fourteen fifty three. the stumble. no longer called constantinople. was made captain of the autumn and. an empire of the already made inroads into christie in europe. but the soul tom was the remains lay here in this mosque of the different structure

. selim the first came to power in fifteen twelve. or. five years later he had toppled the man looked in history in egypt a triple the size of the ottoman empire. when the ottomans conquer egypt they take over from the mamelukes they can claim to be protective of their holy muslim sites mecca and medina and they feel like in harry the mantle of being kay less from shadowline of apostate cain ifs in cairo. so ponce you are one of those who do fine if you need it to to have been covered the stone. wasn't right that it got or move on if it did it quite

a good dog really can get away that you stumble but you done right. you could try to do it we can do it and hung it's kind of a lot of buck. but it is the. the top card game. palace. legendary residents of the mike to. see. it fifteen seventeen. the small towns awarded themselves another honor targets. come of. course knowing centuries after the foundation of the cult of the six the. title that slipped from the hands of arabs on the koran. the prophet strong. the ottomans don't seem to have made a huge amount of being k.f.c.

and whilst they did claim the title it was more of an honorific all something that indicated that they were first among muslim on. so the ottomans were not initially in the sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth century really claiming to be universal muslim really. yet after a slow decline of three centuries. the successors of these great ottomans all tones . were turned once again to the caliphate. in a desperate attempt to rescue their falling empire.

palace istanbul. the residence of so far not the the second who came to the throne in eighteen seventy six. he was a skilled carpenter. crafted most of his furniture. as he children playing the carpenter salt on was contemplating the gradual loss of territories. by the late nineteenth century. much of the mighty ottoman empire was disappearing from the mouth. of the yet well a couple he left at that but if but if it got to jemaah islamiya it's something

that's monumental know joe oh how i learned your job and you had that what you thought of cricket at. the moment that the bonus money and that of the match. it's a bomb just i mean cut them down or else funny it would be of a but she's so ill cut them had to be unique and i like his us the onion and medina and the work. you them as a cool. thing. but the still tons attempts to exploit the spiritual power of the title kind of could not save. in one thousand zero nine opted jaime was deposed.

with little shawled was its told us the thirty fifth so-called ottoman states. and go his coronation was mocked by lavish traditional festivals and truths he was powerless. little fishies bookings that he divided or smaller then let the they stay down all small a day that did it up the pa the shouted out at me i may fade out it here because that that i keep good name is getting the truth of that is that you get good value from it we've got it here. in november nineteen fourteen. the ultimates entered world war one on the side of the central powers. whole evil in the name of the conduct a war that refused disastrous for the common folks. on

the other side of the trenches western powers song i'm not sure. but if i'm camping in the caribbean monopoly on my neck and back and maybe some i'm not going to suck it. when you get it from going to know how to fix up my. friend said that somebody had on with a hobby and what we thought of the men who survived. and to encourage the arabs to rise up in revolt. the british to return to the ancient power of the caliphate. and the person of. the custodian of my. mad as shit for seven hundred six of the international law even i would know something. opposite of. what a day he had been in kidney of some of. the folks. in

june one thousand nine hundred sixteen. what was called the great arab revolt erupted in. a desert region in the west of what is now saudi arabia. under the. sun. and with the advice of a british officer. lawrence. forces of france northwards supported by the british one tacked on to. within two years in one thousand nine hundred eighteen the joint forces had taken the whole of the levant and iraq. in october of that here an armistice was concluded. the ultimate suffered

a humiliating defeat it. in july nineteenth eighty. four months before the end of world war one. a new sloop on spring. he was to rule over what was left of the autumn and. virtually nothing anatolia and istanbul. but even this would soon be lost. just two days after the end of the war french or british troops marched into lucky

boy in the autumn and companies of. anatolia was divided between the western powers. to make it what do ya is it in they can't take this tall swan they have it. with them it's with the ship in the things in the the other one. and so on that it's just that yoke. turkish nationalist resistance broke out. after three years of bloody fighting. the turks except the brits and it's. only a stumble it was left occupied. and in it was a small town now if you would buy nationalist turks as a traitor. if they can put political action in because it was me that they looked

at it to follow that i'll be fair cautious am not obliged to the same eastenders. shit is. i know as a monday signed. but i don't want to mustn't use them yet. in quite a mini how to get a caution given those that are let. in on camera on the first of november nineteenth twenty two. the turkish national assembly abolished the sultanate. two weeks later. midway did dean soltani and calif. left the dome about your politics. the residents of autumn and rulers through this gate bound for exile.

optima geed the second was chosen to hold the now largely symbolic try to come. to the kitchen with the mom says they got it down the aisle for that that. the next civic now that they can order. on the love them in the honey thing called them will see that someday as that without all the bush and above all molly that had they give it their all together to be made. on the third of march nineteenth twenty four. the last vestiges of the caliphate were dismantled by the new turkish republic. the title of the universal movie slam. a title thirteen centuries old.

and been terminated by muslims themselves. optima g. the last autumn in color. was sent into permanent exile. to. washington to a listener me of a predator she. knew before putting. him in the can be. one of the top of the market you. have. been hunted feeling yet. the name your love. all of that was even to call the call that all of the. state. of the.

honey if you think that sure the. person. who loves. the caylee is meant to be a universal figure who draws support from the misnamed community as a whole that is obviously not the case with a bucket and the fact that all the historical record also shows that when people con game broad based consensus that caliphate automatically becomes invalidate. the caliphate is such an extraordinary entity. as an outsider i wish that the islamic world like you had something that would represent them or that status the traditions of the political violence or civil war but about the other side of islam which i'm afraid the west doesn't really.

eat. eat eat eat eat eat eat meat. from planting forests with drones to surviving drought small funds al-jazeera is a would winning environmental solutions program with time never never went into a real job but. making the people communities and organizations addressing some of the greatest man might environmental problems threatening our planet. a new season of earth rise coming soon on al-jazeera.

ally for the most part the sun has returned to syria this cloud running through of course is in the past by a few hours it indicates where the unsettled weather was in the still rain arrived in italy but is rather gathering through iraq just touching the east of syria so that on shore breeze the bay reaches well and that keeps a temperature hovering around the twenty mark but different direction means we're higher than that baghdad and scored a an increasing breeze from the side it's like a kick up the dust luckily the rain is going to keep it rather settled and that rain becomes heavier as it crosses into western iran spreads up through terror on up to the southern caspi as well not even catch baku just about that's where the rain is south of it what to expect to see very much rain occasional showers just pop possible in yemen otherwise it's a breezy thing and that breeze is picking up dust a forecast dust load suggests that sunday could be quite unpleasant affair these inside a saturday possibly qatar as well but the wind dies down the dust disperses to some degree come monday temps around about thirty three mark in doha we expect to see

the luck of showers in southern africa toward us what we've got there are a few catching the coast mozambique south and tanzania but otherwise it's just been a warm sunshine. getting to the heart of the matter if. the bill calls you today and says let's have would you accept facing reality what do you think reunification would look like there are two people think the peace corps unification is the only option for prosperity you. hear their story on al-jazeera and. whether someone is telling. me i think it's how you approach a. story and.