so there were no natural lines of them are cation the forces were nearly mixed on the battlefield. with no clear border lines between forces a major breakthrough was needed to end the fighting and secure the fragile un ceasefire . it would come when egyptians and israelis met to negotiations on the battlefield. for the first time in the twenty five year history of the state of israel. we will maintain the finest fighting force the world has ever known the united states army was so reliant on the private sector i would call it a dependency we have a mismatch between the way we are madge and to be here and the reality of the

twenty first century enough to get here in a bagel for eleven out how many of the persians that you're sending out you should be child soldiers and i said i got down child soldiers reloaded on al-jazeera. july on al-jazeera in a new series of had to had maddie hasson tackle the big issues with hard hitting questions mexico is getting ready for a general election what direction will the country take as it struggles with drug violence and economic instability. people in power continues to examine the use and abuse of power around the world as the world cup in russia nears its end to bring you stories from on and off the pitch of the world's most viewed sporting events on television and online the stream continues to tap into the extraordinary potential of social media to disseminate news july on al-jazeera.

every weekend news cycle brings a series of breaking stories chilling the listening post as we turn the cameras on the media and focus on how they report on the stories the most. on counting the cost the european union is trying to change we'll look at the reasons why the economic cost of violence in mexico plus the timber companies accused of being dangerous in the world's second largest rainforest. counting the cost on al-jazeera. i'm richelle carey and these are the top stories on al-jazeera around one hundred refugees are fair to have drowned after their boat capsized in the mediterranean sea off the coast of libya follows a compromise deal between a new leaders in brussels that they hope will control the influx of refugees trying to come into europe the agreement pledges more funding to turkey and north african

countries and quoting libya to stop the sea crossings it also gives the member states the option of setting up micro processing centers on their own soil. some place in. europe is not an island and we must be able to face up to this challenge was for many loyal to have values and protect people and national cohesion tonight we took an important step many predicted the impossibility of an agreement many predicted the triumph of national solutions tonight we have succeeded in finding the european solution and a way of working in cooperation talks at the summit are likely to refocus now on budgetary and economic concerns in the wake of the deal on migration the core of that is bracks it united kingdom is due to leave the european union in march of next year but time is running out to agree on terms of that divorce deal which will need to be ratified by both the u.k. and e.u. parliaments. this is a future security partnership we have with the european union moving very important

we currently enjoy a high level of cooperation with the member states of the e.u. in a number of areas own security this is important for us it isn't this this is the state and i want to see a strawman deep security partnership continuing the president of the international committee of the red cross says the right hensher crisis is still an emergency situation has been visiting me and mar where he has met the de facto leader on song sochi seven hundred thousand rihanna have fled the country since a massive military crackdown targeted them last august most are living in makeshift camps in neighboring bangladesh thailand's prime minister preview has visited the flooded cave or a young football team went missing last saturday there has been some progress and efforts to drain water from the cave this rescue operation is now into its sixth day officials say there are still a chance that this team of twelve young footballers and their coach there is a chance still be alive. those are the headlines the news continues keep it

here on al-jazeera much more to come in the meantime the war in october is next. on the northern front on the golan heights the third week of the october war opened with syrian and israeli forces locked in a stalemate. syria's initial thrust to recapture this territory occupied by israel in the six day war had been repulsed and a counterattack by hastily called up israeli reservists. by the end of the first week of war syrian troops had been forced to withdraw while the israelis pushed on across the one nine hundred sixty seven cease fire line towards the syrian capital. of. view of secular moto i

think that stopping thirty five kilometers short of damascus was smart you must end a war in a position from which the statesman can start negotiating saw final position was good for him and me good for the horn. as the balance shifted in favor of israel other arab countries sent troops and support. the syrian front was strengthened by the arrival of expeditionary forces from iraq jordan saudi arabia and kuwait. this cocktail of arab forces would now be used in a counterattack to drive the israelis back out of the pocket they had occupied in the syrian mainland. your money. was actually in the saw will suffer so they are. on the twenty first of october we heard there was

a big attack planned. it was to be carried out by iraqi and sunni forces to reclaim . the retreat and get back to the position on the fifth of october. of that stage we hoped we could restore what has been lost on the syrian front. of a. lawful thing in the asylum and. surely. the attack was set for the twenty third of october. but it would never happen. on the twenty second egypt's president and what sadat unilaterally accepted a un cease fire that would take effect that evening. syrian president hafez assad now faced the prospect of fighting alone on the single front . as the twenty

third drew to a close the syrians to bow to the inevitable assad would have no choice but to accept the ceasefire times. at the israelis were not done with fighting yet. a key listening post had been captured by syrian paratroopers on the first day of war. with just a few hours left before the cease fire israel's golani brigade attacked. after facing fierce syrian resistance they finally secured their prize. but only after suffering heavy losses. fifty five dead and seventy nine wounded.

the ships lived through it was really important for israel to raise the country's flag and the goal lonnie brigades flag on top of mount hermon on the last day of the war. and to prevent the syrians from securing any sort of success from this war . on the suez canal front things were no better for the egyptians. these release had the entire egyptian third army besieged on the eastern side of the canal. thirty five thousand soldiers cut off from their supply lines. that may affect them and beside a three story today we had with us what was called common russian three packs of small biscuits and two bottles of pressed. these things could provide you the necessary calories for one day but now it was all the food that was available for the soldier for five days and one that had

a gun that was nothing but the other. but the israelis were also facing a major problem for the first time in the history of arab israeli conflict egypt was holding a large number of prisoners of war. two hundred thirty in total. i want to hold for a while is here to get almost a country off from under it the arrival of the first prisoners lifted the morale of all our forces straight away egyptian military intelligence resorted to photographing them and putting those photos in the media to try and boost the morale not only of the armed forces but also of the egyptian people shop according . back in israel demonstrate to soon took to the streets accusing gold the eves government of not doing enough to bring home the captured soldiers. goldeneye here had some time

before offered to have his really officers meet their egyptian counterparts. to discuss what was most important to her the release of israeli prisoners and also talk about letting supplies through to the third army but she insisted on meeting between the egyptians and the israelis who until then the return they are israel in exist they want to go country. so it came as a surprise when the egyptians accepted just such negotiations. the meeting point was to be a tent erected at the sign blocking one hundred one kilometers to cairo on the kyra suez road. at one thirty am on the twenty eighth of october and for the first time ever egyptians and israelis were about to have direct negotiations.

but the negotiations quickly became strained as skirmishes continued in the confusion of the battlefield. but a lot of the yemen on a different sort of battle started after the cease fire of those we put into action a plan called revenge and another called total we had orders to keep the defense active not passive meaning we should not give up fighting. in the. on the thirtieth of october israeli prime minister told them a complicated matter still further when she made a morale boosting visit to israeli troops on the western side of the canal on egyptian soil. meanwhile the effects of this war began to be felt globally. arab oil producing countries had formulated

a plan to use the price of oil to pressure western supporters of israel. by mid october several of the biggest producers had unilaterally raise prices by nearly twenty percent. people were. worried about it did drove futures prices up and people were but never has on a wanting to fill up their cars. i think it satisfied. a very real and important psychological need a mug's there. to have demonstrated. that they could take some action. now that this regional conflict was beginning to have international ramifications. on the sixth of november american secretary of state henry kissinger flew into

cairo. for his first ever meeting with anwar sadat. who started talking about israel pulling back to the so-called october twenty second war it's where they should have stopped business as you know we could argue for weeks and weeks and weeks over this and at the end they would still be on your territory of water solve a lot but if that's what you want we'll do it and sort out so what's the alternative is to give me a little bit more time and will go for a bigger agreement that will get them completely off the west bank of the corral back in the sinai and so that's a fun let's do the big step not the small thank you for days after this meeting an initial agreement was signed and the ten to kilometer one zero one . the first step in kissinger's grand plan.

the agreement guaranteed the egyptians daily convoys of nonmilitary supplies to the city of suez and the besieged third army. for israel the key point of the agreement was an exchange of prisoners. israeli prison as arriving back and tell of the when met by huge crowds. prime minister golda my ear was moved to tears by the occasion. and sniff the heart of then and he worked. it's hard to describe my feelings when i saw the coastline of my country from the plane. we landed at a military air base and once the doors were opened we saw the israeli soldiers coming in not egyptians. and when you come down the steps and you saw the applause

in the church is an amazing feeling the soul now the oil the core lot. thus the. as the new year arrived henry kissinger returned to the region. to hammer out the next step and his grand plan for egyptian israeli disengagement. on the eleventh of january he met with sadat in the southern egyptian city of aswan. the. next day in the afternoon kissinger left for television to meet up with the israelis. after week flying between aswan a city famous for its winter sun. and television experiencing its first ever snow storm. both sides accepted

a disengagement agreement. a new term had entered the lexicon of international politics shuttle diplomacy. over it could be there when you can. get really really. the face of it. on the eighteenth of january general mohammad an egyptian chief of staff. and general d.v.l.a. as it is israeli counterpart signed the agreement in the tent at kilometer one hundred one. it was the first in a chain of agreements that would lead to total israeli withdrawal from sinai and april nine hundred eighty two. thousand how possible or what the significance of that war the october war was the impact it had not only on the political military

and security level but only israeli citizen himself in accepting the idea that i can leave the land occupied to feel more secure. the agreement stated that israeli forces west of the canal would withdraw to the east bank and further east into sinai. a reduced egyptian force would stay on the eastern side of the canal in positions they had captured during the war. un forces would police the buffer zone between the two armies. and entertainment troops came one day to sing for the soldiers on the western bank of the canal and be included in the repertoire of song left over from the six day war making fun of egyptian soldiers. running away and leaving their boots in the sand when they finished singing the soldiers came up and suggested that they take that

soul out of the repertoire it was not appropriate and. by the end of january the israelis had finished the first stage of their withdrawal from the western side of the canal. the route to the city of suez was of that. after almost a hundred days the siege of the third on me was lifted. three weeks later egypt enjoyed a day of celebration. in the gypsum parliament said to tell the ceremony to decorate and promote the heroes of the armed forces. but one name was missing from the rhone of on

a. general saga szczesny the man who had formulated the original plan for the war. and then they are many that doesn't matter at all look i seek new position in real life i'm seeking the afterlife along. with what matters to me is egypt my. worst fear is the domestiques of the october war and there were mistakes despite the undoubtedly glorious achievements of the our children and grandchildren will make the same mistakes if you don't learn from it egypt is what matters to me not even i will get my to watch from a willing and hand the law. by the end of february israeli troops had completed the final stage of their withdrawal from the western side of the canal. the mode asked the israelis pulled out this ice clearance process and it was a bit like

a carnival. basically they were released. why these were a serve soldiers they've been called up for months they wanted to come home. but even as israel soldiers celebrated the mood back home was different. israel lost twenty six hundred killed. per capita. this is st hurdlers the death rate of the americans in vietnam over ten years. this israel suffered in three weeks. as the public wanted to know how come the israeli. civilian and military leadership

were surprised by a mass arab a two front attack how come the they were caught with their pants down and they also wanted to know why the army performed so poorly in those first few days. less than six months after the start of the war a commission of investigation headed by shimon akron not president of the israeli supreme court would place the blame family on the military. three army heads would roll. chief of staff general david the. commander of southern command general shmuel gunmen. and head of military intelligence general alys aida. the commission cleared prime minister golden maid and defense minister moshe diana. but the israeli public were not appeased.

and demonstrations broke out on the streets. nine days after the commission published its report the prime minister resigned. and a q.'s opening you must. still accuse golda meir of killing more than two tall of israeli soldiers in the long haul many egyptian soldiers because of her sheer stupidity. and obstinacy. yet it would be two months before mrs maid would leave office it was unfinished business with the syrians. since the ceasefire of the twenty third of october the previous year the situation on the golan front had remained inflammable . skirmishes breaking out regularly. the israeli still occupied a salient deep inside the syrian mainland not far from the capital damascus.

when family look. we went through some hard days and nights them. staying strong emotionally was difficult because of the depression the uncertainty . the physical conditions also made it difficult to live in the open during the winter. and that winter of seventy three seventy four was very harsh. in may nine hundred seventy four kissinger's set out on his second round of shuttle diplomacy. this time between televisa and damascus. after almost a month of hard talking to managed to secure a second breakthrough in the region. on the twenty eighth of may one thousand nine hundred seventy four. the government of israel

approved the disengagement agreement with syria. this is a day that we hope syrian mothers israeli mothers syrian young wives israeli young wives and children on both sides of the border and go to sleep at night without. terror. dreams. know if their dear one is alive today will he be alive again and the next day. egremont stated that israeli forces would withdraw from the pockets they were occupying in syria. syrian troops would return to almost the same positions they had started the war from with the un managed officers between the two in. the largest city in golan would be

returned to syria. in. news on the fifth of june nine hundred seventy four egremont was signed in geneva by senior military officers of both sides. of. the war not turbo was officially over on both fronts after two hundred forty three days of fighting. kissinger persuaded assad and given the green. essentially tricked syria to disengage the grip of the girl with. the serial covered truck which the israelis grew up before they left the tiny sliver of territory with everything in israeli hands. the egyptians got what they wanted out of it so you know sadat had realistic goals about recovering the sinai and the war led to the recovery of the sinai for egypt so you've got to see that as

a win for the egyptians. for the syrians they don't recall the golan so you've got to see that as a defeat essential. for the israelis all smoothly they had reversed the course of the war but they had suffered very heavy casualties so you kind of have to see it as a bit of a defeat for the israelis in terms of being caught by surprise. you know a person in his life has three four friends who are close to their hearts and in their souls possibly on them and none of them returned with me so i definitely don't think there are any winners in your age there will be someone who loses more someone who loses less but there are no winners in wars and that's something which has stayed with me since nine hundred seventy three make. it sure wasn't. going to lead up to us least most of the company no more. we used to train for our

return to coddle you knew soldiers who had died during this or death operation and you know their wives their mothers we knew each other families very well and when i saw them i hid under the crane see what can you say to them do you get my point you see that expect in our eyes and they look at you search. what can you say the suffering churns you up inside you feel like exploding of course you cry this command or not it's just a human reaction what can you say to them his children what do you say to a wife who comes with two kids waiting for their father guy and wanes then the ball .

and it is very. same in the stream. sponsored

by cateye always how we got more right into the southeast of for sale just around here why you see this area cloud just sinking a little further south as well along on a cloud coming out of santiago spilling across the andes and sliding its way down to the river plate west the weather will be just to the north of that once again they fall friday sixteen celsius four point to sara's similar temperature there for santiago as well over the next couple of days further north the showers up into the north off south america joining up with the rain that we have three panama on the correct euro costa rica to a fair bit of cloud showing up a little line a cloud to just rolling up towards the great surround today six sunshine is how it is any more sunshine than showers right across the obvious of the caribbean over the next couple of days where the weather will again be a for the west i'm sure i was there long spells of rain into nicaragua and costa rica but to the north of that it is generally fine and dry not so hot sunshine into

north america but you can make to see lines of clouds sliding down towards the southeast in kona some nasty conditions say that if a thunderstorm that's cops and the found out the best thing to do is get back in the coffee see these kind of conditions going on outside the shallows and never too far away over the next couple of days for that southeast and going to look at the temperature is what into the thirty's for most of the region. the weather sponsored by qatar airways. where were you when this idea popped into it whether on line it's undoubtedly chief cold all over again inequality in our society today or if you join us sunset criminal justice system is dysfunctional right now this is a dialogue what does it feel like bringing you to go back for the first time everyone has a voice and allow refugees to plead to speakers for change join michael o'boyle conversation on out. the story of a british italian man experiencing life close up in the palestinian refugee camp

and it's. coming face to face with the daily lives of its residents some of you have lived there for seventy years so it has been horrific jomo still in his life it's not the only life the short seven days in beirut that. on al-jazeera. this is zero. so i'm richelle carey this is the news hour live from tokyo coming up in the next sixty minutes. claim an agreement on migrants but details work then on how they

will put it into action. was never giving up parents desperate to hear anything call out the names of missing loved ones trapped in a cave in thailand. a man accused of shooting a dead people at a newspaper office in the u.s. is charged with murder. i'm touching on a franchise with the sport. by the fact a room fused for the first time at the at the wild pop and japan make the knockout stages with a back to disciplinary record than ten ago. another tragedy has unfolded on the mediterranean sea with more than one hundred refugees believed to have drowned off the coast of libya libyan coast guard says it rescued fourteen people off the boat there run capsized and waters east of tripoli follows a compromise deal between leaders and brussels that they hope will control the

influx of refugees trying to into europe their game and pledges more funding to turkey and north african countries including libya to stop the sea crossings. lawrence lee has been following all these talks from brussels he joins us live with more so lawrence there were. i would say not exactly huge expectations going into this i mean there was a big task to accomplish but many people thought they this cannot be done and certainly not this quickly what have they actually accomplished well that yeah i mean they're all just leaving now actually it's just breaking up and no doubt a lot of them are going home breathing some sort of sigh of relief that they managed to turn what looked like it was going to be an absolute catastrophe for the european union into something they can sell having some sort of elements of progress but really the question is at what cost because going into this they were faced with a choice either try to stand by humanitarian standards in the international rule of law or in the treatments of refugees as

a bloc and risk the potential collapse of the european union as a result of that or to appease the populous right wingers in a variety of countries who say things like europe's being invaded and all we need to do is to close the borders and to try to keep people out in the end and in the interest overwhelmingly of political stability they chose the second of those things but it does all raise enormously difficult questions about the level to which the european union as a group of countries is now prepared to adhere to humanitarian law. when the future of the european union may be at stake it's worth staying up all night to save it so that's what they did. emerging we're really at five in the morning the french president suggested they had bridged the gap many thought impossible. because. europe is not an island and we must be able to face up to this challenge was remaining loyal to our values protecting our people and national cohesion tonight we took an important step many predicted the in possibility of an agreement

many predicted the triumph of national solutions tonight we have succeeded in finding a european solution and a way of working in cooperation. micron will take the credit for winning the rebellious it's how he and governments around the breakthrough policy is to set up sensors at which migrants and refugees will be screened and either sent home or resettled among countries prepared to have them even if it isn't clear how the italian sea would also demanded reform of wider asylum rules then signals that can sense. at the end of this european council we have a more responsible and more united europe italy is no longer alone and keeping the hardliners happy extended to germany as well where chancellor merkel's political future has been in the balance the indications seem to be that the right wingers in her coalition seem satisfied that germany will be better protected from mass

refugee flows that merkel has self acknowledged the vos rift in europe about humanitarian values this is what we have agreed on five guidelines but two are still lacking a common european asylum system but i'm optimistic after today that we can really continue to work even though there is still a lot to be done to bridge the different views of the moves like strengthening support for the libyan coast guard will be condemned by humanitarian organizations as europe turning its back on its legal obligations if this were a success it was only in that it staved off the apparent imminent collapse of the european union under the weight of migration but in doing so it gave more weight to the populist right wing in europe a further retreat from the liberal values the european union is so fond of proclaiming. and as ever the final communique was long gone wishes and very short on promises about how to accomplish them this may have averted a crisis for now but europe remains a political unit deeply unhappy. now final communique is

widely seen here is being very very thin on detail vague really to the almost of the points of insincerity they talk about things like the need for reform of the dublin regulation the law that says the refugees have to seek asylum in the first european country they go through that explaining how they talk about a new level of cooperation with africa without explaining what it's going to mean and so it does look really a bit unimpressive but in the end as a bloc of countries what they've actually achieved inside the agreement in this summit is the exceptions that they're now split into between those countries who say they're on some level willing to help and those countries that say they are not willing to help and so in signing this communique they have now accepted the idea of european unity has now gone away all right lines they live for us in brussels and we're going to take a different picture that we have live in brussels as well donald task is dressing

in media as here to talk about some of the things that come up with any relation to him like a crisis last letter and first to come about illegal immigration. for the levy close to go out. on top of that we have a clear message to all vessels including the dose of n.g.o.s operating in the mediterranean. that. the law. must not obstruct the operation of the libyan coast guard. here. you've all got out for the actions of the world peace authorities. another part of the compromise is the frankly talian proposal of controlled centers on the e.u. or the rich in countries that are willing to build them. all the measures in the

context of these centers including location and resettlement will be taken on a voluntary basis. last but not least we agreed to launch the next financing for turkey and to transfer five hundred million euros of development money to the e.u. trust fund for africa. moving. to this morning's. the euro summit agreed to sprawl mission. to progress on the completion of the banking union and to strengthen the repeal study to mechanisms including by providing that backstop to the single resolution front. this reform of the new trends in the euro and of the result also our union in turbulent times. news for for all europeans.

briggs's. the e.u. oughtn't to serve and let's take a note of what has been achieved so far however there's a great deal of work a hurt and most difficult tasks are still resolved. if you want to reach a deal in looked over we need to create progress this is their last call to lay the cards on the table. before concluding that the fink my good friend. prime minister. of for the outstanding and effective well going presidency. you and your team have done a truly remarkable job including come the summit which was a historic moment in terms of our relations with them you know saying to donald tusk head of the european council addressing media they're very very busy and it appears at least somewhat productive day on coming to some sort of consensus on how

to deal with the the migrant crisis that europe has been dealing with are largely as they are in brussels and has been listening in and so did he did he really add any more details to what this plan is lawrence. no no we didn't eat the gist of the top of it where you came in he was just restating what was in the communique the things about releasing the money to keep to shut that border and they were told by the control censors which was this plan hatched by the french president and the italian prime minister. that led to the breakthrough in its will this is the one that will basically be a voluntary exercise from different countries if they want to sue process the refugees and asylum seekers and separates out those who they think of going to saddam place and those who don't again i was talking earlier about the vagueness of some of this how we're going to send some of these people back if they don't have a pulse boards where we're going to send them to again none of these questions are actually answered it's all really on the level of plot to choose. a well

is that there are very many people in the world of humanitarian oversights and refugee aid who are extremely concerned about the deal that they've also has to give even more support to the libyan coast guard because obviously the conditions the refugees are kept inside libya breaks humanitarian and international law all the time and we've interviewed the head of the green polity the european parliament for example who made the point that this will probably end up being european money going to phones arms militias inside libya so it's a pretty ugly look but it's done in the interests of political stability in keeping the bloc together ok barnsley brussels thanks laurance let's bring in dominic cain and our land and this conversation now so obviously the german chancellor angela merkel had a lot of pressure on her as she left germany or headed to this particular conference now there appears to be perhaps some general goals some general framework perhaps

on how to move forward towards this leave her now with her coalition how will they receive this. well the point here is surely if the deal that's been arrived at in brussels appears on him. oppressive to people in brussels what matters now here in germany is how that deal is perceived in bavaria specifically by the christian social union that governs the state of area and which in coalition with angle americal here in berlin controls the interior ministry's the interior minister holds the whole of who are affectively compelled angle americal to try to find a european solution with the threats that he has interior minister this coming monday we decide to start sending refugees back at the borders so how will he perceive this this deal this solution the point to make is that is becoming clear today that there are some.