his troops can clear the city within two days he said also that there are more troops headed to the city to assist the special forces that are already there fighting the remaining taliban fighters in the west side of the city there are little information coming from. the main road link in kabul where i am and that has me one hundred fifty kilometers to the east is broke now three days and electricity in it work at the the phone networks are not working even the local radios are off. so there is little information but our sources given us that. people are not very happy with the performance of the government managing this crisis now three days because people told us that they cannot even rescue the wounded people in the streets we don't have any clear idea on the numbers of civilian people wounded or killed in the cities because of numbers we have only one

version of the story is the ministry of defense said yesterday that they managed to kill one hundred fifty thirty band members and they said also that they lost twenty six member soldiers between killed or wounded taliban has yet to comment on those numbers. still ahead for you on the program returning home despite the danger a special report on the thousands of nigerians displaced by boko haram also. under thomas in the northeastern indian state of assam where there's real concern about a new register of citizens which is left four million people offered their concerns but they're about to be married start. hello there for many of us across the middle east that's plenty of dry weather at

the moment for the north though we all still think a fair amount of cloud here that's giving some of us some wet weather including us in al-mahdi although it does look like it will begin to break up and move away as we head through monday on monday then he will be up at twenty six of course in tashkent will be thirty five towards the west still a fair amount of cloud here between the black sea in the caspian sea and they could be a few more showers as we head through monday and into tuesday a little bit further towards the south it's hot in baghdad as you'd expect at forty two degrees at the moment and pretty hot here in doha fortunately at the moment though the winds are coming down from the northwest so the air is quite dry it's not humid and that's the way it's going to stay for monday and tuesday to the south coast of oman little bit more cloud there building as we head through choose day and that will again be giving us some drizzle down towards the southern parts of africa and here there's plenty of fine weather to be found but there is a bit more cloud just in the southwest that's been giving us a fair amount of rain and there's another batch edging its way towards us so you might be warm under that cloud a maximum temperature just of thirteen degrees around some of the coast is likely

to give us some drizzle further inland of course it is warm as you'd expect force invent hope will be twenty eight degrees for harare twenty five. of struggles with one on one with the army all along. the bottom of the full of pleasure we grew up around the good things were. going to be an intimate look at life in cuba today as it was the ongoing war of our country where you had. a debate about a little money q. on al-jazeera.

welcome back a quick reminder of the top stories. russia iran kazakstan azerbaijan and turkmenistan have signed an agreement on the legal status of the caspian sea it means they can share out the results rich in the end body of water the largest in the world. a polling station official has been killed in an attack by an on group in northern mali this is mali and vote in a presidential runoff likely to return the incumbent to bramble because to power. a more than one hundred people are demonstrating against racism in the u.s. city of charlottesville a year after a white supremacist rally turned deadly. when other stories we're following the israeli prime minister has reacted angrily to a mass protest in tel aviv against the nation state law tens of thousands of people

took part in the protests led by israel's palestinian minority laura fishley affirms israel's jewish character but critics believe it tuns non jewish minorities into second class citizens who took particular aim at the presence of palestinian flags among crowds. why don't more of their lives are so full of billy bush and we saw the palestine liberation organization flags yesterday flying in the heart of tel aviv in the heart of tel aviv we heard the chants with blood in fire we will redeem palestine many of the protesters want to cancel the law of return for jews they want to and all the anthem they want to fold up our flag they want to nullify israel as the nation state of the jewish people and turn it some of them say into an israeli palestinian state others will say the state of all its citizens precisely for this reason we passed the nation state law. an explosion in northern syria has killed at least thirty six people including civilians because of the blast is on play a bit opposition activists suspect

a rebel was detonated dozens of people were also wounded when the five story building collapsed in some of the in a province well now to india where four million people are waiting to hear why they've been excluded from a citizenship register authorities and a some state say those left out illegal immigrants from bangladesh government insists it's a genuine attempt at a census but is under thomas reports in assam some believe nationalism is being whipped up ahead of elections. all half of the nessa knows about her is that her younger sister is ninety seven so she must be older passport she says has her date of birth wrong but she does have an indian passport she is she insists indian. yet when the state government of a sound published a draft national register of cisterns or n r c list two weeks ago her name wasn't on it. it's insulting i was born here my father and my grandfather were born here

we are all from here. about thirty three million people in assam four million are not on the register has an unnecessary is on the list but his wife's name is missing as well as his mother's he thinks the whole list exercise is targeted at muslims only one lord can be described as disasters i mean when you are no laura indian citizen a minute you can be a pretty woman you. ethnically and religiously assam has always been one of india's most diverse states but there's a perception among some of rampant illegal immigration from neighboring bangladesh . india's hindu nationalist b j p party in power both national and state level says the only way to address it is to find those they call infiltrators and strip them of citizenship they cannot order the demography or the politburo for some movie in fact right just as some in this country should do lead for most. of the politics of

india demography different oh no. you have. in some predominantly muslim villages a majority of people are not on the list most of this crisis meeting in langley a part of an extended family of fourteen just four of them are on the list people here think the number left off the n.r.c. list has been kept the liberally high for political reasons they say the announcement of the could be as many as four million infiltrators in assam state is meant to send a signal nationally. prime minister narendra modi's government is facing reelection next year highlighting action against illegal immigration it will probably win the votes. are those missing from the list and there are many who are hindu as well as muslims can appeal few yet suggesting the porting those made stateless just a severe restriction of their rights but that's little comfort to those who

citizenship is in doubt and to thomas al-jazeera longer in a sense to an india. or more than half of the fourteen district in india's carolus state have been purse on high alert after the worst floods in the southern states dozens of people have died as to rancho rain and landslides during india's monsoon season of ravaged farmlands and forced mass evacuations in the area. now u.s. president donald trump's decision to reimpose sanctions on iran is expected to have an impact on its neighbor iraq shares fifteen hundred kilometer border with iran and goods and people crossing goods and people cross daily back and forth reports from the border district of penguin in iraq. each day trucks slowly wind around treacherous roads in the zag gross mountains carrying goods from iran to iraq since the u.s. announced it was reimposing sanctions against iran rumors and uncertainty are also

traveling back and forth across the border iranian bus driver rahman a bella is worried soon the border will close and his job of six years will disappear. as it was going to give me an edge on his chest and really i don't know because you can expect anything here the politicians haven't made any agreements if they make an agreement it should be for the sake of the poor people iran is iraq's second largest trading partner it exports fruits and vegetables fuel and home furnishings and for about a decade it is also provided electricity here and when district and other iraqi border towns the iraq central bank has prohibited all iraqi banks from conducting business with iran in u.s. dollars robertson on the words we think the situation will get worse by the day the iranian currency is dropping against the dollar it's halting business between iran

and the kurdish region. people are already coping with an economic crisis in iraq shoe store owner robin raman says iranian shoes offer the right blend of quality and affordability for his cash strapped customers but they were dumped on. especially in the last few years we're buying a lot of shoes from iran in the good quality but now the situation is different last week i was there and because of the fluctuation in the iranian currency against the dollar most of the factory cease production so buying shoes in iran was difficult. for as long as the almost fifteen hundred kilometer border has been recognized smugglers have crisscrossed between iraq and iran. are common in this i thought i live for sure it's uncontrollable because there are social historical and perhaps religious relationships between the two countries in the end these relations trade will continue. but merchants are wondering how to conduct

business in such an unpredictable climate with no guidance coming from their government yet and no idea what will happen next in iran natasha can aim in penge when district on the iraq iran border. well thousands of nigerians i heading home after being displaced by violence linked to the. five years on from having their lives completely of a turn by the fighting many are trading the safety of their camps in my degree for their home villages and towns amid address reports from northeast one thousand. they set off on a two hundred eighty kilometer journey most of them are going to their town for the first time since over one hundred five years ago. the destruction that greeted them was unimaginable yet most are glad they are home. nigeria's government says four hundred thousand homes were destroyed in borno state alone over nine years about

one hundred thousand have been rebuilt despite the huge challenges in the process of constructing it we experience bottom attack does this one the second difficult didn't we think we have the transportation the building materials which is also another problem another issue is deplorably you know skill level two added to that is a lack of money. while some displaced persons have returned home thousands more i mean in camps like this they say it's still on safe to go back to the villages despite assurances from the security forces there worry now is whether or not they will continue to receive help in the camps many of the people here in my degree say they would rather remain in relative safety of the city than risk attacks by book or on fighters and when my son there is no adequate security there are no schools or shelter that's why we've not gone back. but for some communities the road to

recovery is a bit smaller. file much elegy whose husband was killed by boko haram go to two miles now to later earning we are grateful that we have a reef a go ahead but it's been quite a struggle living without him and there's no want to help us out i village and one was rebuilt from scratch it now has a water supply civil authority. and the fuel source more importantly the local school is up and running. people here say the school is a symbol of defiance to book or arm whose ideology opposes western education and influences ahmed idrees al jazeera you know these nigeria. a prominent cleric in saudi arabia has been arrested in the latest crackdown on dissent nasr our omar was detained on tuesday in mecca it's not clear what the charges are against him but other clerics have been arrested for being critical of the crown prince mohammed

and some on. it's been six hundred days since al jazeera journalist ahmed hussein was arrested and jailed in egypt without charge is accused of broadcasting false news and receiving foreign funds to defame state institutions at his saying and al-jazeera strongly deny the allegations and his immediate release or a bird unmanly reports. locked up in solitary confinement al-jazeera journalist mahmud hussein is yet to have any formal charges brought against him the egyptian national was stopped questioned and detained in december two thousand and sixteen after traveling from doha where he was based to visit his family in cairo he's been held in the notorious tour a maximum security prison where he's complained of mistreatment hussein and al jazeera strongly deny the allegations against him that he broke last false news women writing letters even asking. african queen to be in

a lot of the good offices to speak with christians because he promises democracy in the country but he's a lot of people which include press freedom and freedom of expression egypt level similar charges against al-jazeera trio bahama hama mohamed fahmy i'm peter greste five years ago al-jazeera arabic former editor in chief ibrahim helal was sentenced to death and absentia two years ago. reporters without borders ranks egypt one hundred sixty one out of one hundred eighty countries in this year's watch press freedom index it says at least thirty two journalists are being held in a gyptian jail few have been put on trial most of been detained for months or years and over a being held on trumped up charges. those imprisoned included gyptian journalist mahmoud abbas say it known as shall come he's been locked up for five

years reporting on the robbers square. tests in cairo where hundreds of protesters were killed and thousands injured recently shall be nominated for unesco is press freedom prize and multi award winning journalist had its home raided a may and was arrested and detained. as the egyptian authorities target what they describe as fake news new laws were passed in july to support the arrests of journalists they allow the state to block social media accounts and detain journalists who have more than five thousand followers they exist already being used to cost. us media freedom the new laws wish this. many more who are not even journalist but will be understood because they want to express their opinion supporters of president c.c. say they will safeguard freedom of expression. but rights groups say it will give a legal basis for egypt to crack down on criticism or to send. the al-jazeera.

one of now says most ambitious space missions has blasted off. three two one zero lift off. the park a solar probable fly into the sun's atmosphere that is closer than any previous satellite a probe will travel at speeds of seven hundred thousand kilometers an hour and brave temperatures of more than a thousand degrees celcius sound degree celcius mission will last seventy s. a quick reminder of the top stories this hour after twenty two years of negotiations a landmark deal has been signed which could settle a territorial dispute over the caspian sea the leaders of russia kazakhstan iran when a stand in azerbaijan which border the caspian met in the fourth city of act now

they have signed a convention on the legal status of the sea paving the way for more energy exploration and pipeline projects but touted divide the area between the countries which has been the biggest cause of dispute needs further agreement. dozens of activists and residents have gathered in the u.s. city of charlottesville to protest against racism a year off to a white supremacist rally turned deadly there last year white supremacists and counter protesters clashed in the city streets before a car was driven into the crowd killing a thirty two year old woman this year the city is holding a rally against racial hatred meanwhile over in washington d.c. hundreds there are expected to gather for what's being dubbed a white civil rights rally. a polling station worker has been killed in an attack by an armed group in northern mali this is people vote in a presidential runoff likely to return the incumbent abram because it's a power the first round of voting in july was marred by violence with three

election workers killed and voting materials destroyed the opposition leaders somalis to say who won eighteen percent in the first round alleges voting fraud ahmed vall has mle. the government is not taking any chances according to their own statements and ultimately said that they hardly curry's the number of security personnel from there the thousand to thirty six thousand and they have been trying to make sure that these are out across the country and the art of the polling centers but we know that the government has very big issues with that you know presently the government has a very weak presence in many areas in the center of the country and in the north. and it taliban fighters have attacked police headquarters and other government buildings in gaza a as the battle for the southeastern afghan city and has its third day u.s. aircraft have conducted at least four as strikes in support of afghan national forces well as the headlines the news hour is coming up in half an hour's time

after inside story which is next. space the final frontier the united states wants to patrol it washington has announced the creation of a new on space force by twenty twenty but who will be the u.s. competing against and is this the start of a new space race this is inside story. hello

and welcome to the program i'm hood up that hamid u.s. vice president mike pence says the time has come to prepare for the next battlefield and that battlefield is space the americans want to create a space force within two years to defend u.s. satellites and spacecraft from attack it will be the first new branch of the military since one thousand nine hundred forty seven pence's balls donald trump once congress to vote yes to the plan and they agree to additional funding of eight billion dollars we will get to our guests shortly but first alan fischer reports from washington d.c. . trump has been pushing for the creation of a new branch of the military for months he talks about it off net is wrong yes we may even have a space force now his vice president says donald trump's vision will become reality . previous administrations all but neglected the growing security threats emerging in space president trump stated clearly and forcefully that space is in his words

a war fighting domain just like land and air and sea the new force will be used to protect u.s. satellites in space which provide vital services like communication it can also protect spy satellites which direct military operations and there is the growing commercial space market too it's not a new idea in one thousand nine hundred three president ronald reagan called for a space based missile defense system just a year after congress demanded the establishment of a new space force the defense system dubbed star wars by critics never got beyond the research phase the u.s. already has a space command as part of the air force and some see the new branch as an expensive waste in fact defense secretary jim mattis initially resisted it but just earlier this week signaled he was no on board we're in a point alignment with the president going to turn it down they are after him basically could be worth hearing or economy are going to have to address it as

other countries capabilities what they're creating a new branch of the military needs congressional authorization and funding if republicans lose control of the house of representatives in november's midterm elections it might never happen former astronaut mark kelly says he doesn't see the point there is a threat out there but it's being handled by the u.s. air force today doesn't make sense to build a whole nother level of bureaucracy spaceports if approved would become the sixth branch of the u.s. military it would be led by a four star officer and would pull resources from other military branches. russia has a space force china's space program is run by the military and the white house will include and the billion dollar funding request for their new space force in the next budget alan fischer al-jazeera washington. let's now get the thoughts of our guests joining us in lubbock texas via skype oliver mcgee an

advisor to donald trump and former u.s. deputy assistant secretary for transportation in beijing in our tangan a china political analyst and sidney morris jones a space analyst and author of when men walked on the moon a warm welcome to all of you all of them again let me start with you i mean it does sound like something out of a star wars so what did exactly is a space force and in what is it different from the current space command. well this isn't time for us to move from reagan star wars which was really about ending the cold war two trumps spaceports which is about ensuring global peace world peace. the space. force is really like you said in your opening segment the six military agency and it's very important

for securing space it's about navigation we're talking it says and. communications and this is all about trying to make sure that we don't have. poor harbors in space where we would have a blackout and that would basically cripple the global economy this is really about ensuring security. global capital and global businesses which are korean crease really depended upon satellite technologies and space assets and so. this is looking at trying to create a space command similar to what you see in the european command the middle east command the african command of pacific command and then make making sure that space assets are protected and that we have national security up space because in the twentieth century we're really talking about the air force and we're trying to

essentially secure the stratosphere which is about ten to thirty kilometers and now where we're based in the sky but now we're trying to basically go beyond that and then to move into that ten to thirty thousand kilometers that is and now we're trying to move into space to where we can basically sure those assets are and place and then that we can make sure that we can control space and this is really more than just star wars is really about you might say. star fleet and so we're really trying to make sure that we have the president's vision intact and penn. it is trying to establish the department of space spores and on the working closely with the space command to ensure that we start advancing through space science or technology which is always a very very good thing for the united states to get into because it is really all about fast capital fast technology for fast growth well mars jones i mean it

sounds a bit like militarization of space which is quite a frightening thought and it also begs the question how do you share space who this sides which country quote troels what. well i think that you can have a stronger military presence in space and still be able to share space with other nations are the united states and most nations on earth are bound by the nine hundred sixty seven out his space treaty signed at the united nations and basically that says that no nation own space no no nation claims exclusive access to space and so even if we see a greater military presence it won't mean that the united states or any other nation totally controls or dominate space it's legally prohibited and it's also physically impossible like. in the sense that you cannot stop satellites from orbiting the earth you cannot control the physical movements of objects through

space in some way that you can control the nation's air space and that this is been widely recognized and one of the reasons why we have the outer space treaty so i don't think that it's a case of any nation dominating space even if they're protecting their space assets and the world that set them in the united says united states says it has a lot of concern some of them is china for example destroyed one of its own satellites in orbit in two thousand and seven and is likely capable of getting rid of others too russia is believed to be developing an airborne laser that would be able to destroy space based systems and north korea is believed to have used its g.p.s. jamming capabilities against south korea in twenty ten now in our town and that's where you come into the conversation how was this announcement of a space force. there been received in beijing.

well it's often received very well comes another area of competition besides the economic and political and military on the ground this is now an attempt to take it into space i'm surprised that my fellow guests have not mentioned the fact that there's a prohibits prohibits haitian of militarizing space and this would be a direct conflict with that so it's very hard to see how these matters would be handled creating a space force is a long way from dealing with the issues that you rightly pointed out which is how do you control this who's going to dominate it is it going to simply be the u.s. because they spend more money on the military and have the means to do this or will it be shared or will it be according to convention or is the u.s. going to simply ignore all conventions simply as they've done with iran and other issues well maybe on

a very maggie could answer some of these questions. well i think this is really about science and technology policy we've been in this business for a long time going back to alan bromley in to jack givens in two neil lane and now the current science advisor this focus to science vice to the president is about advancing science and technology in space and this is where you begin to use really supreme assets development in space technologies you're looking at in full tech biotech wireless tech micro tech nanotech contect even looking at elder tech because we're really looking at not only transportation as business communications but also space as economic communications and so really this is really about how does the united states be maintain its supremacy in developing

thanks to technology and also science and technology policy going into tying it to national security policy and economic policy this is really consistent to what the united states wants to do and it's important that the president is now named his new science advisor to be able to help coordinate the science of technology development and i know ma'am said aren't you on minute yes vice president mike pence in his speech said very clearly the plan is to create an elite group of war fighters specializing in the domain of space as sort of special operations forces but from above that does not sound like science and technology. well warfighting it's always been about the science that the technology development the country to has the highest amount of science and technology assets is the one that went to war all to make money the most science and technology that we see pervasive in the president's budget is through the pentagon but also nasa is involved so is the

department of transportation because i wrote the national r. and d. strategy plan when i was in the clinton administration that involved looking at science and technology development at nasa f.a.a. the department of defense and so those are these are the big chunks of the budget along with department of energy where science and technology is developed this is he does very good for science and technology development to pick an education community in the united states but also we also are interested in trying to make sure that we also take care of what we need to do in developing. new frontiers where we have to do national security protections and really when you look at it when you look at the united states is about protecting its assets its military assets but all that is behind a load of twaddle i can't believe those here are going along and in saying these types of things no i disagree i disagree and i think it's absolutely incredible and cheney say i just that this is about technology when you're clearly the price

president said this is about warfare let em know i'm talking about and sent. by the app and yes i have to disagree with that because i'm talking about national science of technology development and to be able to i mean if you're trying to be like all the time defending something that's defenseless ok but you know talking about this i'm a man interject at the same time the head of the chinese lunar exploration program compare china's space ambition to those in the. south china sea and to be fair china controls ninety percent of that sea or somewhere along that number so i mean that rhetoric is coming out from both countries isnt it. well when when one country expands another one does two i don't think that either side is necessarily going to win this what you have in the south china seas is a little bit different than what you have out in space south china seas goes back

if you go to study the history of close the whole idea of creating something beyond the cannon shot rule beyond three miles was introduced by the us but later on us declined to enter into you close it was not a signatory to it but this caused a land grab literally in the seas in space if you want this same kind of chaos reigning creating new norms that you have based on military might rather than sitting down at the un or some adjacent body where you can sit down and create policies about how space should be used and shared as is pointed out one thousand nine hundred sixty seven they signed a treaty things have been quiet since then yes technology has moved on but i don't think that's adding eight billion dollars to an already overburdened budget increasing than government is necessarily going to help the civilian use of technology and might be that you know it's very favorable to nasa to have an

additional funding route but this is not about technology this is about warfare it's about throwing another white rabbit out into the world that people are supposed to chase around there's just nothing can be said except what the vice president said himself and that this is about creating armed warriors in space contrary to the conventions but mars jones you share this idea that this space race could create chaos above our heads may i say and that maybe it's a bit too early and it says that nothing is regulated and nobody knows what can happen up there and what would be the repercussions for the rest of us down here. well i think that i mean throughout this discussion we've invoked the night hundred sixty seven out of space treaty more than once and regardless of the provisions of the treaty it is a fact that we are steadily moving towards

a weaponization of space from various nations whether we like it or not china has tested and he satellite weapons so has the united states so has russia and this is been going on the decades so it's not as if the idea of the militarization of space just came about with donald trump it's been progressing steadily throughout the space age and at some point there may be a call for regulation even if it's not the by the outer space treaty through negotiations between various nations but i think that that degree of militarization will continue because everyone has space as it's every advanced military in the world uses satellites to advance its military causes and thus all of those satellites are technically military assets so it to a degree it's an a definition issue how do you define a weapon in space is a spy satellite a weapon is a g.p.s.

satellite a weapon and so i think in some ways you've got to clarify those ideas as well before you can start negotiations or treaty provisions and these are all very blurry issues right now ok well some way to argue that this is actually the beginning of the second space race the first one being back in the fifty's and sixty's at the time john f. kennedy had actually made his famous speech and talked about. the first man on the moon now some says that space is a war fighting domain just like land air and sea but fifty six years ago former president john kennedy had these words to say to convince. because of his efforts to land man on the moon only if the united states buys a position of preeminence can we help decide where that this new ocean will be assia peace or a new theri fighting theater of war i do not say that we should or will go

unprotected against a hostile misuse of space any more then we go unprotected against a hostile use of land or sea but i do say that space can be explored and masjid without feeding the fires of war now. in our tank and you feel that this i mean those words at the time were it was different times man still had to go to space and he still had to land on did moon enter was probably more about science and technology then than it is now according to your opinion and . well look communications is not about the satellite system anymore the satellite system is really geared toward national defense if you look at the amount of fiber that's been laid and the amount of communications that's on land or by why five wireless as it's all mostly land based in terms of what we can learn from space in terms of bio genetics and things like that yes there's

a place for that but this is not a huge resource that is that is unknown to people out there issue here is do you want to plunge ahead by having everybody engage in militarizing space by having their own space force or do you want to sit down and try to figure out what the new reality is i agree with my my cohort who says that look this is about definitions and sitting down in defining them and coming to some sort of accord but you cannot do that if you unilaterally say that i'm going to have the biggest baddest space force out there you know captain kirk is going to be on call for me and we're going to take this to the next level yes. there are concerns john f. kennedy was talking during a time of the height of the cold war when he was looked at staring down the face of issues involving russia today we do not have that we have a highly connected economic political world the military option has not proven to

be anything except a disruptor you start looking at what's happened in middle east and everywhere else that you have wars it has not settled anything starting a new one out in space is simply an invitation to spend more on something that will benefit you well and over again there was that. eyebrows raised in the united states when this announcement came some people also said do we really need to go through this expanded now on the many problems that have to be solved on earth before going to space and many pointed ak to the fact today health care system for example so but this idea of a space force is this part of the make america great again doctrine. yes it is the make america great b. and dr it is really about economic prosperity but also it's about technological problem and. when i do also agree with our colleague today that this is going to

require some definitions of course but the key issue is is that do we have also abilities to be able to control what we're doing in our development of our science and technology enterprise this is really really about innovation and a prize and the maggy movement is about developing the science and technology but also the innovation infrastructure within the united states and that's very very important because when we start doing to finance and technology development not only on the ground in infrastructure development which is a really key investment that's necessary also but also when we start doing it beyond in the to disguise that's going to empower. education in the united states more than we've seen in decades and this is really what john kennedy was doing when he did the moon shot vision he when he decided we're going to put a man on the moon he was really trying to teach business systems thinking which is

about ackwards. and also building technologies for data information knowledge acquisition better understanding and wisdom on world peace and also world advancement in science and technology we all benefit from the moon shot speech we are up jot down a kennedy because we saw systems thinking it invoked in business and education and in government and that seems to me wanting to use up all the time of the discussion talking about something that has no global no i mean there's no question i basically talk about nice national science and technology america science and technology without question that was asked of me and i think that's an important contribution to make today not just a political that is about as a little plain maurice jones about a minute. in a low as you know one could argue that space has been used for military purposes since the very beginning and that it is already fully militarize but we now go

by stepping out spent stepping it up further are we going in uncharted territory or we're worrying too much. i think that we are definitely going into new territory for space but this is not new territory in terms of strategic issues or the history of warfare i think we have to be pragmatic about this whether we like it or not there will be a greater militarization of space not just by america but by various nations they will look to put more military satellites into space to support ground operations they will also seek new ways to deny other nations the operations of their own satellites there could be physical attacks on satellites they could be attempts to hack satellites net which is known as spoofing and that's a form of cyber warfare beyond the earth and if we go further and further into terms of developing our infrastructure in space like large space stations or space

industry than those assets could become targets for attack by state actors or potentially even non-state actors and then we have a broader from fear of the fact that they could be threats from space but don't even originate from the earth things like the comets and asteroids that could threaten the earth as they did the dinosaurs and it could be the case that military space essence could be used to deflect or destroy threats to the entire earth and that given the fact that we've had several near near approaches to near misses from fairly large asteroids that is one strategic threat to the earth that can't be ignored it's certainly very frightening i'm sure now experts in china the u.s. and other countries are probably looking at ways to speed up the space race but we have reached the end of our programs of thank you everybody on a very maggie and tangan and morris jones and thank you too for watching you can

see the program again any time by visiting our website al-jazeera dot com. and for further discussion go to our facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story you can also join the conversation on twitter our handle is at a.j. inside story from me heard of the honeyed and the whole team here in the by for now i am me we. are. when mexico's leaders implemented drastic and controversial energy reforms the

country's oil owned by the mexican people for seventy five years was to be sold to private international companies. but to what extent is the country and exposed to exploitation by profit driven multinational corporations who to harvest our knowledge of zero. on counting the cost what the first wave of u.s. sanctions on iran means by iranians and companies doing business with the world's biggest oil producer says i'm a climate change boss stamping out colombia's cocaine addiction counting the cost on al-jazeera. then there's nothing they set sail for gold. but this cover their resorts worth more than its way to him and be just that it's not driven by commerce enabled through politics and religion executed with brutality.

in episode one slavery roots charts the birth and the rise of the african slave trade nothing in history that the state of humanity. for all the gold in the world want to just go. zero. hello i'm maryam namazie this is the news hour live from london coming up in the next sixty minutes a vigil by anti-racist campaigners in the u.s. town of charlottesville a year after a white supremacist rally turned deadly. after twenty two years of negotiations an

agreement is signed which could finally settle a territorial dispute over the caspian sea. polls are closing in the presidential election in mali security is tight the threats of violence. three two one zero. liftoff. the launch of the fastest manmade object in history the probe and locking the scientific secrets of the sun. and i'm tatiana fronted than doha with all of the day's top english premier league champions manchester thirteen top than you think and with a victory over off no bottom or later death needs our. we begin in the united states where dozens of activists and residents have held a vigil in the u.s. city of charlottesville to mark the one year anniversary of

a deadly white supremacist rally in washington d.c. far right groups and counter protesters are expected to hold separate rallies outside the white house will be live in washington in a moment first gallagher reports from charlottesville. a year after the eyes of the world focused on charlottesville there's still anger many of those who took to the streets are upset about the massive security operation that's virtually locked the city down others akin to send a message of peace and reconciliation were called to. we're not called to hate or there is nowhere. in my. scriptures where we're called to hate palmer so that's what i'm done here it's stokley different from what happened twelve months ago when white nationalists and counter protesters clashed thirty two year old had a hey it was killed charlottesville became a flashpoint over the fates of statues of soldiers who fought for slavery activists

say racism still exists here but the community is pulling together local organizers continue to come together to find ways to protect each other because we know that the city and these institutions are here for us and are here to protect us and so what i've seen is an amazing resilience from the community who is standing up and speaking up and showing up for things like the day after a year of reflection some things have changed in charlottesville the city's on the new leadership but challenges remain the confederate statues a spot last year as trouble still stands and many here say deep rooted racism is still a problem how to gallacher al-jazeera charlottesville virginia. in a moment we'll have the reaction from lafayette park just outside the white house where alan fisheye is standing by for us though let's hear from john hendren who's with the white supremacist protest has in vienna virginia john what's the mood like that. there was a bit of tension here just a few minutes ago when

a very small group of right wing protesters walked through the police cordon among them was jason kessler he is the organizer of this unite the right to a van but in fact it was a very small group with american flags you can see the police behind us were making sure that there were there was no trouble between counterpart administrators and those right wing demonstrators clashing which is the number one thing that they are worried about is dividing these groups right now those protesters or climbing. on to the metro the subway system here in the washington d.c. area and they are on their way for a short ride downtown to washington d.c. where they will begin their march in an area called foggy bottom they will work their way toward lafayette square in front of the white house and that is where they are expected to converge to meet with the left wing demonstrators and just to give you an idea of what and lopsided clash this is the right wing demonstrators

filed a petition asking for up to four hundred people to demonstrate there are twenty five hundred people in the left wing organizations who are protesting not just here in the event of a downtown in washington d.c. as well at so these right wing protesters are expected to be dramatically out manned by the counter demonstrators and john a year on from the violence in charlottesville at how is that event being viewed. well everybody is being a lot more careful president on a trump among them he tweeted out that his opposition to any kind of violence a little different than his response at the end of that incident where he said there were good people on both sides the police here of really taking note washington d.c. is an area where police are very much accustomed to these kinds of demonstrations and they have ensured that they have

a system of barriers that is designed to keep these two groups apart now those groups are going to try to get together at least some of those counties counter-demonstrators are expected to try to make contact with these right wing in some cases white supremacist groups so there could be the potential for clashes but peace police here are very well prepared and they very much have done this many many times before so we'll tell you a little later when they actually need to be able to see it firsthand because we will be walking along with those right wing demonstrators when that happens thank you very much for now dan of virginia john hendren at speak to allan now has the latest from washington and allan all that is all violence in these protests today. i am not sure if you can hear me police are doing everything they can to keep both sides apart as john was explaining over in lafayette park there is a barrier done in the middle and there.

that was about it done the middle. did that on one side there's the anti fascist protesters on the other side we will see the right wing joining me live now here is key who's one of the the organizers of this event. we see a lot of people here you think there's probably about five hundred but it's a broad alliance yes so it's being organized by the answer coalition that since for act now to stop war and and racism and that's who i'm with but we have a very broad coalition of d.c. based activists we have groups like link up one d.c. stop police or project d.c. one d.c. code pink student groups from george washington university so yeah it's a broad progressive coalition why are people coming on what is a very humid sunday afternoon but i'm sure there are many other things we could be doing because i think americans are really woken up to the threat of fascism

especially after last last year's terror attack essentially in charlottesville when i had their hair was murdered i think a lot of americans you know realize that this this threat is real that these people are seriously talking about violence and murder and that's not a joke to them so i think a lot of americans i would say are opponents to fascism and they want to express that what would you say to those who see it would be better if you just ignored them yeah that's that's a really common thing we hear we had a lot of people saying that would give them a platform or promote their message but we think that it would be a mistake to let this go unanswered d.c. is you know majority people of color working class city and for the nazis and these neo confederates white supremacists to just show up and be you know able to say anything without being opposed by by us we think that would be a victory for them we think that would be that would show that fascism is becoming normal in the united states and we want to demonstrate that it's not by bringing out hundreds of people to overwhelm the opposition and to make them feel like they

really are like the you know a fringe marginal group you know here. right in front of the white house perhaps the most famous building in the world yes do you think the white house and the trumpet ministration has done enough to speak out on this issue no absolutely not if you recall last year after heather hair was murdered president said there were fine people on both sides well i think i dance a coalition and all the people out here disagree very strongly with that and you know apparently he came out with a statement recently saying that you know he condemns racism and violence and all these things but if you look at the record of the trump presidency so far he's been you know separating families at the border he's been you know the f.b.i. is pursuing black identity extremists now the bombings in syria and afghanistan and you know all these countries this is escalating so you know his actions reflect very racist policies so his words mean nothing. to let you go into thank you very

much for joining us live here on al-jazeera so as i say there's round about five hundred people in the park they have a parent for almost double that they say they'll be here until. the right the white supremacists arrive they have a permit for their own four hundred people but many that i've been speaking to in the police and security services here don't expect them to get close to half that number i guess we'll find out in a couple of hours thank you very much for the latest from washington allan fish. off to twenty two years of negotiations leaders of russia iran kazakstan as a by john antagonist on a sign an agreement on the legal status of the cast been seen as means the five countries can move ahead with sharing out results rich in body of water up the largest in the wild or a challenge reports from moscow. with the signature of five leaders more than two decades of troubled waters could be receding into history the disputes over the legal status of the caspian sea has been churning since the collapse of the soviet

union. in kazakhstan four of the u.s.s.r. successor states and iran took a big step towards resolving it is that because we have passed the security and stability on the caspian sea are determined by the convention which we have signed naturally it opens a wide perspective for the type cooperation of the caspian states for solving economic and transport issues these questions will improve the living standards of our peoples have cheney and that means some admonish and we have shown in this convention that we stick to the principles of fairness although we did not determine the borderlines we mark that the countries with the coast of particular significance should take a special position that includes iran the dispute is centered on whether the largest inland body of water in the world is a lake or a sea defining it a lake would mean the caspian should be divided equally amongst the five countries but if it's a c. then each state gets

a share in proportion to the length of its shoreline the new agreements is that it's not quite either not a lake because of its size and not a sea because it's not connected to the world's oceans so the surface will largely be open for joint use whereas the floor will be divided between russia iran turkmenistan azerbaijan and kazakstan though the exact size of each country's lot is still to be agreed. at stake are several trillion dollars worth of oil gas and pipelines for years the full economic potential of this has been blocked by the lack of a settlement the u.s. government estimates caspian gas could boost global production by twenty seven percent over the coming decade but it's not just about energy. which it which to security is very important and this is what underpins our agreement this region has an influence on afghanistan on the middle east this really affects the basic interest of our states.