other crucial elements that they would present in the near future if there's no cooperation from the saudi government how should international pressure on the saudi government shows few signs of easing. how is that going to play into this meeting. it has been very important in the sense that it shifted the narrative the saudi government over the last two weeks from this was a brawl that one terribly wrong into this was an accident than a primitive premeditated attack that led to the arrest of eighteen suspects and i think this could further put more pressure on the son to government to further cooperate with the turkish authorities or to come to terms with what happened and who was responsible for the killing of about a hostage was it a sorrow that got bloody for example a senior adviser to crown prince will have been some men or was it someone of the

intelligence this meant like major general. who's the deputy. deputy chief of the intelligence and i think this mounting international pressure is what the saudis are now trying to take into consideration. despite the fact that they are trying to distance the santa royal family from the case and saying about this were other less senior members who took it into their own hands and killed so matter how much of this is something which is definitely going to be taken into account by the saudi. government just water and the push by the international community to beef up the sanctions against the saudi government as many thanks i'm serious question the whole bit of their lives in istanbul we'll get a weather update next year i was here then a show of support for the democratic republic of congo's ruling party one opponents say the government is planning to steal upcoming elections plus. i'm wayne hay

in palu indonesia where it's been a month since an earthquake and tsunami left more than two thousand people dead in some areas life is beginning to get back to normal in others it's clear much work is still to be done before affected areas can truly recover. through triangle the arabian again you. don't mean it seems and it's an easy going to. hello there it certainly is a lot cooler now for many of us across europe across parts of britain and ireland we're seeing a lot of wintery weather these pictures are from the northeastern part of the u.k. you can see just how much snow is falling there so there we some more to the winds are still firing down to the north dragging in those showers and then it's wrapping around the shoe gerri of cloud across the central belt of europe we're seeing some

very heavy rain out of this and some snow over the alps as well so still very unsettled for many of us as we head through the day today and then on monday that system just swells around the mediterranean so this is where we're expecting some very heavy downpours and still over the high ground some snow as well for the southeast that's where we're clinging on to the sunshine look at that twenty four in bucharest we still got sunshine by monday for the other side of the mediterranean we've also seen a lot of wet weather here too particularly over morocco you see the last area just sinking its way southwards across rabanne there so that has given us a fair amount of rain more still to come and still know about one first atoll eighty fifteen is the maximum in ribands and they have through into monday the clouds clear but staying cool they see the rain instead working its way across our area and into tunisia for the east is fine with the temperatures recovering now in cairo. there with sponsored by the time he's. getting to the heart of the matter both three big challenges facing human crowing

in the twenty first century and they are look real war climate change and technological destruction they seemingly on the teens what if i use their fear is not in me it is in the people of uganda hear their story on and talk to how does iraq. well again this is al jazeera the main news this hour eleven people are dead after a gunman opened fire inside a synagogue in the u.s. city of pittsburgh six others are wounded four of them police officers a forty six year old man has been arrested and faces twenty nine charges. sri

lanka's sect prime minister is refusing to leave his official residence as the country remains in the grip of a constitutional crisis ron elving from a single insists his dismissal was illegal. in saudi arabia's public prosecutors heading to istanbul to discuss the killing of jamal has shocked she took as prosecutors want eighteen suspects to be extradited but saudi arabia says they'll be prosecuted in the kingdom. a helicopter belonging to the owner of the english football team leicester city has crashed after taking off from the pitch following a premier league match but the club hasn't officially confirmed whether bashar i survived on a problem was on board helen gleason reports. it was about an hour after last as one one draw with west ham that the on his helicopter pad as usual to take off from the king power stadium. but shortly after it did it crashed in the stadium and

bust into flames. by sunday morning the club or yet to come from any casualties or whether the billionaire owner of the chetry bid on a proper was on board when he had been at the match. the tide businessmen have become a hugely popular figure at lest the since he bought the club in twenty ten he helped them return to the premier league in twenty fourteen i'm win the title against all the odds in twenty sixteen a year later they also reached the quarter finals of the champions league. thanks bill. a structure or a future on every hole that a heart and soul of leicester city football program fit wasn't for them none of this what impossible in recent years in the premier league when they might have been in the championship none of it would have been possible. i thought it was a great day you know. and then he ended up his probably good doggy staying unless

the city football club's history a police investigation into the incident got underway on saturday nights. to play a time again in the english league cup on cheese day but it's unlikely that will go ahead helen gleason is there an indonesian cities facing a public health crisis a month off to being devastated by an earthquake and tsunami tarantula rain now threatens to spread malaria and dengue fever. more than two thousand two hundred people died and tens of thousands were left homeless by the disaster let's go live to apollo zero as way to hey is this so as rainy season approaches wane how will people there cope. well i dream that is certainly a major concern and we've already had the start of rainy season really just in the last few hours we've had some showers come across this area so many people displaced so many people living in those camps in what's becoming increasingly

squalid conditions that is a major health concern going forward particularly when you consider that so many health facilities around the effected areas were damaged in the earthquake and tsunami some forty five were damaged including nine that were seriously damaged by that disaster and there's also a shortage of medical staff in those facilities many people ran away they left to go and stay with other family members in other cities around the region many of the hospital workers were indeed killed in the disaster so that is making the concerns even more going forward about the health conditions particularly in those camps it is four weeks on from the disaster as you mentioned adrian no sign of any major official ceremony to mark the four weeks as far as the government goes their focus is very much on reconstruction rehabilitation getting the infrastructure back up and running and that is something they will want to do properly given that there was so much criticism of their slow response in the immediate aftermath of the

disaster and as far as survivors go it is about still trying to process what has happened to them and how they begin to rebuild their lives. in the ashes of disaster some can find value even a month on in the ruins there's no shortage of scrap that can provide income which for so many people was taken away by the earthquake and tsunami. the indonesian government's emergency response space has come to an end meaning the search for bodies has finished which many here believe was done too soon. and his wife were working on the beach when the tsunami struck their three year old son is still missing. we will know miners are going to lose without a look the refugee camps i went all around the mountains have been everywhere and i can't find them i've looked for almost a month. it's thought there may be thousands of people still unaccounted for but the government said it had no choice but to call off the search really believe if

you continue your question it will be counterproductive because you know when you get the body also it will be a health problem over health is one of the main concerns for survivors with more than two hundred thousand displaced many living in camps with poor sanitation and approaching rainy season will increase the risk of outbreaks of dengue fever or malaria. slightly more study shelters are being built on the outskirts of palu when many of those left homeless will need to stay for a long time in some of the affected areas life is back to normal markets are flourishing once again in others little has changed since the earthquake with the remains of buildings left to wait for the wrecking machines people affected by this disaster will of course need ongoing support and rehabilitating palu and the surrounding areas properly will be a slow process the concern is that indonesia is

a disaster prone country meaning that attention and resources may soon be diverted elsewhere if that happens plans for a better safer city may be put to the side in favor of a quick rebuild but for so many survivors there's no contemplating the future just yet it's still about trying to comprehend what happens. because i still don't have a job i don't know what kind of work i'm still confused i want to keep looking for my son but i don't know where else to go or we haven't gone to stay in a refugee camp yet because i'm still focusing on finding my son. in central sulawesi a lingering sense of shock and despair is mixed with the beginning of recovery from a distance the bay and city a calm now but survivors will never forget the destruction unleashed a month ago and those they lost. while it is certainly a very quiet down here on the waterfront right now the scene where those she. huge waves came crashing ashore a month ago we seem to be in a bit of

a transition really since the end of the state of emergency waiting for that recovery and rehabilitation operation to really start much of the heavy machinery around the affected area seems to be sitting idle and once that really does start the clearing of debris that knocking down all those buildings there is no doubt that more victims of this disaster will be found at that official death toll at just over two thousand seems certain to rise adrian when many think such as it is way to hey reporting live from. the leaders of france germany turkey and russia have made little progress during talks on syria in istanbul they emerged with a joint statement saying they're committed to finding a political solution to the seventy year war boss zain holder reports they still can't agree on how to end the conflict. it is a fresh effort in diplomacy it is also a new approach for the first time the main power brokers in syria's war russia and

turkey have brought european countries to their table the host turkey's president or the gun held one on one meetings on the sidelines of the summit with german chancellor angela merkel russian president vladimir putin and french president manuel mccall but who was not present was just as significant mccraw however did discuss with putin the possibility of arranging a high level meeting between russian and american officials in paris. the more countries to join the process the quick ivory if we will reach a permanent solution. but even among these players there was little consensus russia continuing to undercut the u.n. and emphasizing the role of the syrian government in any future decisions putin was clearly angry about his inability to legitimize president bashar assad's hold on power little with i will have. to make this process successful it must be carried out in a peaceful way with respect to the bottom of the government of the syrian republic

people use the expression syrian regime but we must remember the un resolution refers to the government of the syrian arab republic the west wants damascus and its allies to cooperate with the un led political process that calls for reforming the constitution and holding elections. the market i mean you are such ten months after the meeting it's not cheat the constitutional committee has yet to take up its work that's why we want the list of interested parties to be finalized by the end of the year so that a meeting can take place europe worried about a new wave of refugees wanted a commitment from russia and turkey for a permanent ceasefire in blip they didn't get that often and i'm i hope this gives the political process a set momentum and will continue to do everything in our power to ensure that is lead to a peaceful solution and doesn't end up in another humanitarian disaster. france's u.n. ambassador summed up the situation syria he says is at

a crossroads there can either be an escalation or there can be political momentum starting with an agreement on a u.n. committee to rewrite syria's constitution but syria's government is refusing to cooperate and russia which has a crucial role is urging patience while there's still a long way from reaching an internationally backed political deal there is hope the summit could pave the way for a new diplomatic track one that would bring more players on board but that would mean even more agendas and interests would need to be considered so. istanbul catalonia is marking a year since its failed declaration of independence the attempts to split from spain prompted the national government to impose direct rule and to sack the regional government but catalonia as leader says the push for independence goes on . nobody said it was going to be easy but going back is not an option the commitment to freedom and democratic civil rights is no longer going to be up for

negotiation the right to self-determination and therefore its implementation in relation to the results is not the property of any government nor any circumstances it is the right of the people of catalonia and will never renounce to. campaigning is yet to officially begin ahead of long delayed elections in the democratic republic of congo but that hasn't stopped president joseph kabila from organizing a huge gathering to talk up his favorite candidates the opposition meanwhile continues to accuse the ruling party of trying to cheat to stay in power as us paul brennan reports. it was a show of support and a signal of intent tens of thousands of pro-government supporters packed to the stands a concert. stadium to hear speeches including an address from presidential candidates emanuel amazon. it was an impressive turnout given president joseph. his current low poll ratings and should dairies small support base. looks if.

they go for the elections on december twenty third we know that you're ready for this election campaign peacefully and for sure we'll win with the help of god president kabila term ended nearly two years ago but he stayed on thanks to a caretaker clause in the constitution opponents say he's now engineering the election to make sure he is his successor. should areas it could be loyalist with no significant political following his own observers believe capello wants to continue wielding power from behind the scenes. on friday thousands of opposition supporters staged a noisy but nonviolent demonstration of their own marching in kinshasa against the intended use of electronic voting machines the opposition say the voting machines are untested and inappropriate since just nine percent of the country has electricity also wants ten million names struck off the electoral roll because they have been registered without a digital fingerprint to verify that the research oh oh our message to the ruling

coalition and to the electoral commission president is our people want credible elections in december without voting machines and without this corrupt electoral list we cannot participate in elections that we know already we will fail because of these voting machines but significant opposition leaders including jumpier bemba . have been barred from contesting the election and opposition hopes a leaning towards this man. leader of the union for democracy and social progress party planner delegates from the various opposition groups intend to name a unity candidates to face shutdown by november fifteenth paul brennan al-jazeera. it is good to have you with us hello adrian finnegan here in doha the top for. stories this hour on al-jazeera a suspected gunman is in custody in the u.s.

shooting at a synagogue in pittsburgh eleven people were killed and four police officers are among the wounded running a hire car i am a foreigner from are going to grow our. own apartment are automatic weapons garbage trucks are all right. roger you will get more are got. up to. forty six year old robert bowers is facing twenty nine charges over the attack which happened during a baby naming ceremony of the tree of life synagogue if convicted he could face the death penalty we have to bring back the death penalty they have. the ultimate right. they have to pay the ultimate price they can't do. they can't do this to our country we must draw a line in the sand and say very strongly never again that sri lanka's sacked prime minister is refusing to leave his official residence as

the country remains in the grip of a constitutional crisis run over the promising insists that his dismissal was illegal and has demanded an emergency session of parliament to prove that he still has a majority instead president months upon a sort of santa suspended parliament to hold off any challenge to his decision to appoint mahinda rajapaksa as prime minister. saudi arabia's public prosecutor is due to arrive in istanbul to discuss the killing of jamal who showed she took his prosecutors want eighteen suspects to be extradited from saudi arabia but the kingdom wants them tried at home. it's still not known if the time billionaire owner of leicester city football club or survive the helicopter crash. they've done it i'm sorry but on a problem as helicopter came down in the club's car park after a game on saturday the club hasn't said whether he was on board. fire has got it in the storage building in peru's capital lima when moon was rescued and no deaths

have been reported its thoughts have been caused by a gas leak or faulty wiring. and those are the headlines the news continues here on out as they are up to talk to al-jazeera next. that is a perfect formula for authoritarianism and here let me ask you straight up here is the two state solution now that the lights are on and there's no way it's high up front which hands on and which is in a. mental hospital. in the lobby. to see. is it real. the design of online games have reached a new level of sophistication and appealing to a lot of people according to the world health organization a new disease has occurred as a result it's called gaming disorder it's defined as quote

a pattern of behavior characterized by impaired control over gaming with increasing priority given to gaming over other activities and goals and it says it comes after the development of treatment programs but what does the disease really mean and how could it actually be treated. today on talk to al-jazeera a conversation with dr richard graham as a car interest who treats people addicted to online games. dr graham thank you very much for talking to al-jazeera can you start by describing what happens inside the brain the kind of mental chemical process that goes on when you walk in a videogame what happens when we're immersed in a video game is that the brain starts to activate the sort of exciting reward

systems neurological pathways that are associated with excitement uncrushable activities and of course it makes us want to keep. more and more and so game designers and perhaps social media platforms have learned how to activate those systems to keepers in game and on screen for as long as possible and obviously your cases are confidential but just give us some idea where all of the patients that you treat and how they are affected by excessive gaming or just obsessive behavior with technology the most common type of problems that are found to my work is usually a parent sometimes a school makes contact a young man usually run fourteen to fifteen years. is starting to attend school less and perhaps do less well in the subjects they've often products of that point

being very able but on the whole find my work that most of the young people i work with are extremely bright and offer with quarter good few arguments to bring to their appointments to about why i'm wrong but it's that sort of concern that starts to kick in around the mid teens where of course we're also seeing the time in life where perhaps for the first time you're going to be assessed with say g.c.s.e. exams and then later a levels in a much more public way and we know from other studies that young people are feeling really stressed by school and one of the ways they cope is through technology but of course that can become a really sort of unhelpfully positive escape that means they keep going back to it when perhaps attending to some of the offline challenges would also be helpful but doesn't that show that gaming isn't perhaps an addiction or disorder in and of

itself that it is a coping mat mechanism used to deal with an underlying problem whether it be depression or anxiety or stress and something else that might be happening in in life the results of ways that we can start to do something that in a sense originally is a coping strategy to help with what might be the ordinary pressures of life sometimes more extreme maybe bullying or family pressures conflicts between parents that can be all sorts of reasons but then i think where we start to move into the territory of addiction is what much of what one point been almost a healthy way of trying to cope with some stresses starts to have a grip of it. and that person is no longer able to have quite the control over their use that they feel compelled to keep increasing the amount of whatever it is again a substance so. gaming so this is about the loss of control the loss of control is absolutely key to an addiction but also when they do try to stop they do get that

withdrawal reaction which is quite hard to understand from a behavior but it's very real for any games out to a gambling addict that they just feel so terrible when they try to stop but it kind of nurtures them again to go back to where they were before you mentioning drugs and alcohol that that those are very different types of addictions and they with gaming it it's it's something that is based around an activity it's not as though you are injecting anything it's not as though you are drinking any toxic substances i think is really important to remember that when we do ingest a drug or take some outhaul that is modifying our brain chemistry and there are all behaviors that will also modify brain chemistry somebody might go for a long run because they release endorphins a sort of stress hormones that again can give a bit of a high some some euphoric feelings that make them want to keep going now there's

nothing injected during that but the impact on the brain may not be so different from somebody who is using drugs. so we have to remember that all processes whether it's something you do or something you take will have some impact on brain chemistry is it just about environment or a particular set of circumstances in life or might there also be a biological underpinning to the sort of person that might be more susceptible to extreme behavior i think we can certainly see that there might be certain personality characteristics somebody who's more impulsive might struggle to control themselves more than others but i have to say in my work i have yet to see such clear personality profiles that might have a genetic basis to them that i can say definitely pre-tape predispose someone to an

addiction but then what about the other factors at play because of course it is the job of software developers game make is to keep you hooked on on what it is that they are producing how do they suggest the player into into staying with it. i think if i knew all the mechanisms that would keep people in the game i could probably make more money than i do as a psychiatrist however there are some fundamental things the sort of principle of persuasive design. is i think both unhelpful for the digital economy in the long term because it's a sort of race to get people more moral screen to the point where it will affect everyone's health more day to just simple factors like the game that you're not allowed to pause and save where you've got to live for young people it's incredibly distressing to get to a certain point in the game and then the parents say it's time to eat and they just

don't want to stop because it want to lose all of that on the simple piece of functionality would actually make a huge difference if they could pause i think the fact that they can't pause the game means that they're kind of stuck there but it's a feature that sounds as though it's deliberately designed to stop you from well you know taking a break and a toilet getting something to that something is going to keep you that but. i was also going to ask about the concern over video game addiction has been around for years hasn't it mean intend things it's been around since the eighty's space invaders this then but then has something changed in recent years that perhaps makes it more addictive now than it used to be i think when we're thinking about video games addiction now what we have to remember is that we're seeing a convergence of many different desires and rewards that come together in the experience of game play and for me there was a real step change when i was working with young people and they started moving

from multiplayer games which they could now play online with people around the world gives a halo i think one of the first ones that came to my attention and that was kind of exciting and buzzy but when they started playing the massive multiplayer games one then gets into a large group for crowd experiences that i think amplified those trends even more and the buzz of being part of something that's massive and online. i think is a significant part of what goes on one only has to look at the phenomenon of fortnight which train digital globe will level in the most massive way under it to the point where one might be more worried about someone who wasn't playing it for the young people that were because they were all swept along and some astonishing crowd like process to be online in the game for as much of the times they could i suppose the other factor. the other point is that you don't need an expensive

computer or a console to play games we carry screens around in our pockets. you know a lot of these video games start out for free so really you can play anytime anywhere is that build addiction by stealth i think there's a principle the more accessible something is. the more possibilities for problematic use an addiction to occur we see it so without the whole around the pricing of the alcohol all around licensing laws and when you can get hold of it. now when we migrate to the world of technology we're now in a world of internet everywhere it's possible for a young person to move through their environment without have a being disconnected they certainly would switch their phone off. and devices are becoming cheaper it's possible to buy a tablet almost for less than it would take to cost to take a family out for

a day and so of course with free games and low priced technology. public why fire all sorts of factors we're making it possible to keep home with those experiences whether it's mobile gaming or something more sort of extensive in fact in a city like london i've known gamers just living in parts of the city where they can whole counterpart wife i don't even need a broadband connection in the home and that's quite a challenge than to do with it then again how is gaming any different to the other parts of our modern interconnected lives facebook instagram tweets of the number of friends a number of like the notifications all this is just as addictive isn't it i think we can see the similar sort of processes of addiction with social media in the way you describe. but there is something i think about the competitiveness that particularly comes with gaming that it can maybe one of those additional drivers to

just give it a try on social media in terms of keeping you wanting to go back to improve your writing how then do you treat this type of addiction when we started out. nightingale hospital in the approach to treating a young person was often to start with a digital detox. i think the level of immersion was so great that it was very difficult for that young person to even think about it beyond the game because there was so inside it and so compelled to keep playing when we tried to do the offline as outpatients. there were sometimes extreme reactions sometimes such as the station aggression the police could be called violence could erupt this is if it stopped gaming it stopped altogether you got caltech in the cold turkey was extremely difficult for families to bear the young person

themselves modules would become acutely distressed and panic and sometimes place themselves at risk of harm to themselves.