satisfy our seemingly insatiable appetite for sand we've industrialized extracting it from beneath the waves. and the workhorse of the industry is a dredger. a giant tanker equipped with a suction arm capable of pumping huge quantities of sand to the surface. the right in the right location can pump up to four hundred thousand cubic metres of sand to the surface every single day. each dredger cost anywhere from twenty five million to two hundred million dollars. but the sand is free. so the thousands of tankers combing the world's oceans have every incentive to suck up as much sand as possible for their increasingly hungry clients.

is an astonishing example of this appetite within a few decades this fishing village has morphed into a mecca of modern architecture it's a sandbox for developers were no fantasies too grandiose. but as projects. of sand using huge volumes of sand and construction projects concrete and indeed just making more land has been doing with the with the officially constructed island. landfills or even bigger consumers of sand and concrete. with a booming economy the emirate launched an ambitious expansion project. the palm. after the year two thousand with the price of state soaring as a result of speculation developers bet that it would be cheaper to make land than to buy it. the self-proclaimed eighth wonder of the world cost over twelve billion dollars and divide more than one hundred fifty million tons of sand dredge from

coastline. with a giant palm still under construction flying high in the seemingly endless supply of money and sand embarked on an even more extravagant project. the world. the world is an island paradise would run president had opportunity can be found it is almost as this artificial archipelago of three hundred islands designed as a map of the world absorbed fourteen billion dollars and three times as much sand as the palm. the world. a place beyond imagination. today the world is a mirage the work site has been abandoned since the onset of the financial crisis in two thousand and eight. deserted island is now parked in the sun awaiting the uncertain day when millionaire buyers will again descend on to buy and restore its glory. to kill the corporation managing the palm in the world the crisis is

more than financial overdevelopment is totally liquidated by his natural sand resources and you think we'll find of course dubai is on the edge of that there's a they've got old asylum they need like all the gulf states dubai has sand everywhere so why doesn't the emirates simply help itself to the desert. desert sand is the wrong color end of sand for building a lot of fishel islands why because desert sand all the grains have been blown around by the wind is typically very round and very smooth if you want to use it to build an island they don't stick together you need sand that that is more angular rougher rougher age say that naturally sticks together. see sand is perfect for island building and construction but it's in limited supply sand is not a sustainable resource. although its own stocks are

exhausted dubai is far from given up. the burj khalifa at the time of construction the world's tallest building was built with sand from half a world away. we have a saying in english which is selling sand to the arabs which is obviously a joke. that that's actually come true in the case of the by. thirty five hundred australian companies exports into the arabian peninsula their profits of tripled in twenty years accounting for a five billion dollar jackpot. and australia is just one small part of a global trend that reliance on importing sand from other areas you see is this huge trade around the world moving from one another for different purposes such as construction and land reclamation. singapore is another city at the heart

of the sand wars. in thirty years the country known as the switzerland of asia has become one of the richest in the region during this time the population has more than doubled and the sixty three islands that make up the city state are bursting at the seams singapore is sort of lying on the import. for its very existence in the land masses literally increased twenty percent over the last foresee it is and that's largely been recognition so literally pouring sound into the sea to create new land. singapore is already transformed one hundred thirty square kilometers of water into land and is planning to add another one hundred square kilometers by twenty thirty. having devoured all its own reserves its for racial potatoes targeted its neighbor supplies. one after another cambodia. malaysia and indonesia have beach decided to ban trade with singapore but its

addiction to sand is not easy to restrain. singapore is being accused of expanding its coastline with illegally dredged satins from neighboring states. suspicions of sand trafficking hang over singapore and the dozens of barges still to the brim which imo daily and it's important prove that the city state has found an alternative source but where does the saying come from. how many guns here. are. you going to be very every day every week. this is what is driving the visuals so. i'm going to. sit in. your english a. little. north korean television go back to

your city of nice example. thanks to local traffic and networks singapore and dealers with false identities working for fictional companies continue to find supplies of sand in neighboring countries. but the other come. but in our. system. which i think is it just it was invisible. but this is the distaste. for. the law with the tacit support of the government their most loyal client. the sun trading singapore's he usually have a mass of ours were concerned it's just a is build a. leader in the region particularly with. global sun that but their companies will brain imports of that country and should be its human

rights violations environmental degradation. local people. the effects of underwater dredging are far from benign. much of the ocean floors rocky are covered with only a thin layer of sand. built up over tens or even hundreds of thousands of years. as you dredge up a set. of course all the the any walls and. on the sea floor they will all be dredged up as well and therefore whatever they think they will just be at the. sand is the primary link in the underwater food chain remove it and the survival of all species from the smallest to the largest just threatened. like many archipelagos many of indonesia's islands are literally made of sand and

intense dredging has triggered a series of chain reactions. ninety two percent in the nation's fiscal challenges are down from the tension of the city because. this when this coral reef we lost fish. livelihood. everything loss of fish habitat directly endangers the survival of thousands of indonesian families but that's only the first of sand dredging to adverse effects. if you have an oil made of sand it's only there because of conspiracy of natural processes wind waves water currents time of year and so if you start removing that say and then you've upset the balance of the conspiracy and waves and currents will then start to move the rest of the sand. after the extraction of sand

a combination of waves currents and gravity slowly fill in the back you. so the removal of underwater sand can have a very noticeable effect on nearby beaches and islands. and so by a combination of natural growth this is and human excavation. literally disappear. one of the most stunning impacts of the trade was the disappearance of some of the islands off the coast of indonesia which have literally vanished when we use that sand that we lose. once an island disappears the international maritime boundary changes all is required to these become geopolitical issues as well as simply commercial and resource issues. twenty five indonesian islands have already disappeared.

like coal and gas sand is now on the frontline of the world's hunger for raw materials. scarcity and dangers local communities and since governments against each other. as demand builds the circle only becomes more vicious. morocco's gentle climate has been welcoming tourists for years. but its famous beaches have also been attracting some strange four legged visitors a constant stream of men and donkeys descend on the beaches seven days a week. in search of. sand. for men and the donkeys have taken so much sand that some beaches now look like the surface of the moon.

rock has been experiencing a construction boom spurred on by a competitive real estate market. the builders are happy but they need plenty of sand legal and otherwise. that. i wrote that i wrote that i have i don't want to give you. are you not i not going to bend an addendum going to not wonder how you could have been acquitted oh well coming up to no no no no my love my double got nothing. but not by me i got them help oh yeah. look i do one thing yes i did was really i do what you guys write with their day but didn't come but you're mad you're not going out your head not them have them come we did a little bit about good at going to create a video i like them i like that lap it's estimated that forty to forty five percent of the sand used in construction in morocco has been stolen mostly from its beaches

. loaded onto trucks the sand is sold directly to unscrupulous developers but that's not where the problem hands. without proper treatment salty beach sand mixed with cement is highly corrosive make america's new buildings ticking time bombs in danger of collapse. ironically the beach is meant to lure the tourists are being stripped bare to build hotels and condos that may turn out to be death traps. in mumbai lavey enjoy. the position of being the financial capital of the country

andrea also have a huge housing boom construction boom that's because of the influx of so many new people into the city. but the indian economy booming construction has to keep pace and like in so many other battlegrounds of the sand wars easy profits lead to corrupt practices. the value of sand is such that it's a commercial commodity that is smuggled i mean the it's a big business is smuggling the fam. sand mafia is the most powerful criminal organization in india. a lot of the for people in the whole. who control of the sun mafia oso controls a lot of the construction the construction materials businesses in bombay as well as the constructions themselves in addition to that they also control the

administration through their political contacts so that just completes the whole value chain and i trim the extraction to construction the the profits in each bottle fit the administration and the police. under the eyes of corrupt authorities the sand parts ply their trade in broad daylight and more than eight thousand dredging sites scattered across the coast and river banks of the subcontinent. for the mafia's beaches are easy prey because the sand is literally within arm's reach so they had even the most popular tourist sites the places where you expect to stretch out on the beach and worship the sun. the tentacles of the machias however are just adding to the pressures facing the

world speeches. just two years ago there was a row of houses here. about i think about eight houses from about here all the way down to the condo and those houses are very wrong to water the shoreline with going right past them so they ended up taking them out of these houses here with here on the beach front were row number two and i suspect that the housing won't be here in five here. but bought the house about c. years ago hoping that we would be able to retire here. but from here you can see how much sand we've lost underneath the house. because it was up to level with the cement but of course it went out into the ocean. so.

the beach area was about the length of a football field and over the last two years the a scart meant is underneath the houses so. the erosion on this part of the beach is much quicker than we anticipated or there is deemed to normal. globally between seventy five and ninety percent of beaches are actually undergoing some sort of retreat and that's only going to get worse. al-jazeera wild follows the struggles of an iraqi painter a syrian screenwriter and a palestinian filmmaker as they come to terms with their lives as displaced artists in lebanon. are two stories the first to go to the last to the. canoe moment in my imagination. beirut's refugee artists on

al-jazeera. the most memorable moments with al-jazeera was when i was on air as hosni mubarak fell with the crowds in tahrir square to offer. if something happens anywhere in the world how to zero is in place we were able to cover news like no other news organizations. were able to do it properly. and that is our strength. split prepares to accept the new people in power investigates disturbing allegations about the tactics used by the winning campaign we know that it was broken we know that campaigns over spent we know that russia tried to build a relationship with one of the key campaign. paid could bricks it people in power.

on al-jazeera. hello i'm mr hall with the top stories on al-jazeera the fiance of jamal khashoggi has told al jazeera she will continue have fight to ensure everyone involved in his murder is brought to justice it's the first time to teach has spoken since reports emerged that the cia is confident the saudi crown prince mohammed bin felt was behind the killing none of them to the city i want to expose the details of the cerise a crime i didn't to find the perpetrators and put those who carried out the killing on a fee trial including those who ordered the hit so they get the punishment they deserve on behalf of jamal's relatives and loved ones and i say this isn't one of them we

need to know the whereabouts of his body this is a basic human rights the gulf cooperation council summit has ended in saudi arabia with no firm agreement on how to results simmering disagreements between member states kuwait samir used his speech to call for an end to the disputes and the deepening hostility through media campaigns chua way has rejected allegations that it breached the u.s. sanctions regime against iran it follows the arrest of one of its top executives in canada on washington's request. the saudi u.a.e. coalition fighting in yemen says it's issued seventeen permits for ships with food and fuel to enter ports there u.s. senators will this week vote on a resolution to withdraw support for the coalition it's looking to be a landslide victory for armenia's acting prime minister following snap parliamentary elections nichol passion ian led the so-called velvet revolution and

took power after a week of protests toppling the government of nearly twenty is his party has won more than seventy percent of the votes with almost ninety percent counted after weeks of violence anti-government protests the french president is due to address the nation on monday emmanuel also meets unions and protest groups the so-called yellow vest demonstrations were initially over a fuel tax hikes but they've now become an anti government movement football fans have been celebrating in argentina's capital when those areas after river play it won an all argentine battle for south america's top club trophy their three one win over bucket unions came after the match was moved to spain from what is areas because of violence those are the headlines the news continues here after part two of sand was. day one of a new era in television news we badly need at this moment leadership and this encampment that we're in today it didn't exist three weeks ago now there's at least

twenty thousand or hinder refugees who live here. i got to commend you all i'm hearing is good journalism president hosni mubarak has resigned. there's. offer all along the attempts of cover ups and the high water plan to see. his loved ones want some form of closure he saw the syrian army flag high in the city as well as posters of syrian president bashar assad has recorded. a good plan to the hundred meters away from us we're on the front line but it's. not the money doesn't happen now but you think. the world is running out of sand consumed by industry and construction stolen and transported by criminal mafias around the world. behind air and water

sand is the most used commodity in the world. where humans have intervened and we've built structures a wall concrete seawall a highway a hotel a parking lot the beach can't move back and we see long term beach lost. as part of the natural cycle beaches adjust to seasonal changes in summer beaches grow thicker and in winter they recede to level off to better absorb the energy of the waves to survive the ocean salt beaches must have enough space behind them but we've built too close to the shore so with nowhere to go beaches are overcome by the waves which carry their sand out to sea. if you have an eroding beach

what is the problem. not the symptom the sim symptom is the beaches eroding but what is the problem. what's causing it so. we're drawn to coastlines today three quarters of the largest cities in the world population are on the coast as the population growth accelerates the world's. increasing density by twenty twenty five to three quarters of the world's inhabitants will live near the ocean and those thin ribbons of sand which surround the continents are feeling the pressure. if we think. of the water and i hope that we learn from that but now we're here. and we have to figure out how to make projects. and that's what brings tourists.

in florida nine out of ten beaches are in the process of disappearing along with the future livelihood of all those who depend on this economic engine. each year of the planet's tourists head for the beach beaches feed the hotel industry as well as recreation transportation food services and a multitude of other sectors in some areas almost half the g.d.p. depends directly on beaches. letting them disappear is out of the question. so what we're trying to do is try to mitigate those problems try to lessen the impact and that's why we have to take these unnatural acts. to the beaches. to keep their beaches viable cities that can afford to invest. in beach

replenishment. of sand from the ocean floor and to the beach. some people see this is a solution others see it as a band-aid which only true. it's the symptom. they've put up the beach and say this is beach nourishment but it's just another hole. those big machines that when they go take this there in killing everything within that sand is ground put into a pipe crust moved and then it comes out and pumped for the life forms in that part of the beach aren't prepared to be buried alive and suffocated it's a killing process for the sake of dollars. replenishment is a temporary remedy after a year to the sand has been washed out to sea and the whole process must be started again from scratch nonetheless this method is highly popular to the delight of the

dredging companies it's a matter of big money big big influence green it's not a pleasant thing the thing you see this beautiful beach but behind it is something that's not so pleasant. in a desperate maneuver to try to trap the sand on the beaches coastal engineers are advocating the construction of dikes breakwaters and all sorts of other structures . but sand cannot be so easily tamed. the constant movement of sand is not necessarily always cooperating with the way we want the place to be it will fill up. and all it will wash away from beaches where we like tourists to come and so that balance is something that we all dramatically changing just by building. all by building a sea wall around the extends out from the beach we build a wall to to contain sand to keep it on our beach what do we do we stop the sand

from supplying the neighbor's beach. the tragedy is that people are just not aware they're not aware that an action here is going to have a reaction somewhere else so we all have to be very careful when it comes to redeveloping because then we have a responsibility because we don't want these great wonderful treasures that we want to share with our children to disappear because of greed because of irresponsibility. and because of just not dan paying attention. in order to avert further catastrophe it's important to understand the source of ninety percent of the world see sand often a long way from the beaches. for

the most part it starts in iraq somewhere that breaks down it might be in a river from ice or snow or rainfall and is that grain comes out of the granite or the sandstone it just gets into a small stream and then a larger river and in a normal world ultimately will work its way all the way to the shoreline. it takes thousands or even millions of years for a grain of sand to reach the sea and it's a journey full of pitfalls. in america we have been building one dam every day since the deck relation of independence and seven hundred seventy six one a day. eighty thousand dams block the rivers of the united states in china where the demand for energy is exploding dams are popping up everywhere so that by two

thousand and twenty not a single waterway will reach the sea. and in the rest of the world there are at least eight hundred forty five thousand dams and it's not only water they're holding back so all that sand that should be at the beach is behind the dance. one quarter of the sand reserves of the planet are hostage to these dams and the sand that makes it beyond the dams will run into another trap river dredger. although it's regulated in many countries it's still a widespread practice especially in countries where legislation this week results about fifty percent of a sandwich or nurse the world's beaches will never reach the sea.

the coastline like many other environments it's like the earth was always thought so big so vast that we couldn't have an impact on it we built a dam for water or electricity which is a good thing but downstream there's no more sand so somehow we have to figure out how to bring all those things back into balance by taking some conscious steps to try to reduce the impacts of those things we're doing as a civilization. is coming. to you. on the. ground after green beach is slowly erode victims of decades of human interference. if you add the rising level. you get an

ecological time bomb. to see right it's just going to happen a lot more quickly without saying. but it's not going to stop there it's going to take out in all half of manhattan and it's going to this could take our cities as well it's going. keep coming. the sand is our barricade and we have to understand that. in the middle of the indian ocean sand is a matter of life and death. of the sand divers have been collecting call sand from the lagoon for years and selling its developers. but with sea levels rising this sand

harvesting is leading to some serious problems. sand is a very ambitious commodity and the moment it's because this one millimeter of the ocean touching you constantly every minute every second every day every year is such a false and it is easy. or you don't deny. the mall deaves our road at an alarming rate residents do what they can to protect their homes but many beaches are little more the memories. really not god and i'd get all of them are sick and have a demonic in the house i'm in nevada did they come up with a how to undo what the law gave the one nun a difficult adama to go lie number tunnel vision i got in riyadh and make a name in my clinic the highgate at the lodge i didn't have them up in an economic and up on a keyboard unless the united made any come of them filled in. several hundred

islands have already been evacuated and today the refugees crowd on to larger and better protected islands such a small way the capital. already overcrowded new houses are being crammed together . but in another better irony of the sand wars new. construction require ever more sand. we have been in the middle of the indian ocean for the last five thousand we have written history that goes but. we can't just. far from the mel deaves beautiful threatened beaches. greed and speculation drive the global markets for sand and show no signs of slowing down. bombay is not an isolated case there's never been so much construction but at the same time housing has never been less affordable. one third of urban populations

now live in slums while go cities and empty apartments are being built all over the world. in china sixty five million flats are empty yet the construction industry is flora xing swallowing up one quarter of the sand extracted on the planet spain holds the unfortunate record as the european country most addicted to sand in the midst of an unprecedented housing crisis thirty percent of the homes constructed since one thousand nine hundred six sit empty entire airports have been built without seen a single passenger and in dubai the emirate continues to build and import sand even if ninety percent of the apartments in the burj khalifa are bacon. but sadly real estate speculation doesn't hold the monopoly on the wasting of sand governments are also to blame. i would construction uses

inexpensive see said the strips of asphalt we've built snaking around the world have swallowed up massive amounts of the world's beaches. think about the number of roads that governments across the way have to bait it's the public sector why the largest can do most of sad. how the sand wars even registered on our political leaders radars. access to energy and the development of the forestay on climate change on the reform of the applicant for common policy on the common fisheries policy on land grab on not traversal seas and on access to water. without burial for you find that you need a program to get a lot was before it's going to get on the agenda. we talk about water because we know there's a major problem with that's right now in europe and we have had the debates on that we've had the policy we're implementing a policy and soil we're still having

a debate. on science. we're not having the debates. it's very very crucial that. petitions scientists engineers come together and find alternatives for them or for the for the use they used most which is construction. can we continue to build and at the same time for yourselves from this dependence on sand. or other materials capable of replacing concrete. from the straw that's burnt after the crop is done you could build straw bale houses which use no cement. except maybe the slab on the floor but and there earthquake proof those houses are perfectly insulated and they're fireproof. you don't have to build concrete

buildings you see this building right here this building was built with ninety five percent recycled materials all the steelers recycled it's made from. japanese cars you know it's all recycled steel and when this building is finished they can melt this steel down to make more buildings. there's so many materials which can be recycled i think we need to exhaust those and in the meantime maybe the world changes you know some years ago people used to build not with this quantity of reinforced cement concrete but a different methods of construction perhaps thirty five different methods of construction but in the meantime at least we need to use recycled materials as far as possible. like strong metal our homes are recyclable and rubble can be really used to build roads or new housing projects.

but these solutions must face our usual inertia and relentless lobbying by the construction industry construction companies are equipped for and know how to work with concrete so radically changing our construction practices is an uphill battle . what if there was another granular material that might substitute for sand. there's one very interesting beach north of san francisco called glass beach and it turns out that for years the city dumped all of their trash on to the beach the glass got broken up by the waves and got rounded and today this is this wonderful sparkly shiny sort of a magical beach is started out as a garbage dump what nature has done a glass beach has inspired people to attempt

a similar trick thousands of kilometers away in florida. which is something that has to be disposed of and takes landfill space or something like that into an asset when you've killed two birds with one. i think everybody realized the glass is made out of saying that if people start scratching their heads and say well maybe that's a good use of it to return it to science. glass bottles and packaging are everywhere they're usually collected and recycled into new containers but when it's crushed into find pieces that glass can be just like sand got all because of all characteristics it's uncontaminated and regular beach sand it always looks like sand but it behaves exactly like sand so what i say and i mean there's no reason to expect a difference. sand from recycled glass is one promising alternative for the beaches of florida and elsewhere on the beaches where it has been tested

even the sea turtles have adopted it as a place to lay their eggs. as much as one quarter of the glass that we throw away is not recycled and ends up in the. crushed it could be a perfect component in the making of concrete. but compared to natural sand this sand is still too expensive. when sun begins to cost high maybe. the sources can't compete with it though attentive can compete right now there is no competition you cannot compete that's something that is going to take the a truck bottom. pricing. as sand alternatives and new construction methods struggle the game budget a must see. the sand gold rush is gaining speed and more battle fronts are appearing. on the coast of britain hundreds of families survived by traditional

fishing. but today the fishermen are angry. a multinational with a verse for santa plans to exploit the ocean floor destroying their livelihoods. but what need an issue does. it doesn't matter. sagal so this is a. lot with the global. companies have come to brussels complaining about it not sure if i was in rules say. and that does rules that sort of things we need. so what they try to demonstrate is that by doing it by taking out sand from the not so rare there is no impact. going from you know me doing this well you know so i get on quite often with a great deal more preschool seduces

a. lot of them see if they move it says. yes for me and all the while. i'm also doing no even move. so. he is going to do for sub sub. into the only assume he will be st. exasperating of the brittany fisherman has shaken up both the elected officials and the citizens inspiring them to mobilize against the seizure of their sand with. the love of the world.

perhaps grassroots movements such as this will mobilize other groups around the world to stop the sand wars. once people know once people understand what the issue is and how important it is whether it's each grain of sand on that beach or the importance of that beach in their community to their lives and their community i think there's hope. so if. this is the sand for useful construction this sand has been taken from there. from the beaches so it is much is there take these sand

the soil it ocean bilby more and this will have a very seed is in. go to the beaches enjoy the beaches learn about the beaches and then do something about it. let's not let the beaches disappear. i believe that the younger generations. must come out and tried to impress a point now that the gravity of the issue in but is happening to the planet and to skew it we must save the beaches. given the scale in which society is built would say and send is a little more respect. whether it's more freeways whether it's more dams we've got to get away from these gigantic schemes and get back to a simpler way of living.

they've been tremendous environmental victories at the beach itself it's been to fight for itself. maybe needs us to fight for. the fate of the world's beaches is not cast in concrete perhaps the day will come when we'll see said with fresh eyes conscious of how every grain plays a role in the health of our planet and in our lives. then by working with nature instead of against her we can win the same wars for the good of a song. hello

again welcome back we're here crossed the western part of and we have been seeing a lot of clouds with the storms coming in off the eastern med and that is not really going to change as we go towards the next couple of days mostly activity here on monday will be across parts of turkey maybe making its way toward syria but unfortunately as we go towards tuesday that activity slowly makes its way to syria as well as into lebanon with heavy rain across the region so would watch never carefully the higher elevations will be seeing some snow in opera that means a mix of rain and snow for you with the temperature there of about six degrees well here cross the gulf not looking too bad for many locations sunny for many with the temperature in doha about twenty six degrees over towards abu dhabi maybe sr twenty seven but we do think we're going to see those temperatures begin to come down so for riyadh however twenty three for you there but over towards miska a beautiful day with the temperature there of twenty seven and then very quickly across the southern part of africa we are seeing plenty of rain here across the east down towards the south not looking too bad for cape town plenty of sun in your forecast at twenty three degrees but as we go towards tuesday that rain makes its

way towards the east we're going to see over towards marriage yes your temperatures into the low thirty's but rain in your forecast in johannesburg it's going to be a partly cloudy day for you the temperature of about twenty six degrees. to. a reporter's retreat in a brutal civil war if the commodore hadn't been the israeli invasion would not have been so long for the commodore had become a journalistic center you could be in the safe and play and then you went out into civil war i started off leaving this sweet commodore hutto the next room i was in was underground in a tiny prison so as

a hostage beirut the commodore war hotels on al-jazeera. jamal khashoggi his fiance speaks exclusively to al jazeera more than two months after his murder she demands to know where his remains are. hello welcome to al-jazeera live from doha i'm martine debt is also coming up after four weeks of widespread protests across france president emanuel my problem will be to union and business leaders before addressing the nation. a landslide for nichole passion young in armenia voters give him an emphatic

mandate to continue his velvet revolution. efforts to prevent scenes like this and instead to create a worldwide system for orderly and safe migration are undermined by european countries pulling out even before a deal is struck. now it's been seventy days since her t.j. jen just last saw her fiance the saudi journalist jamal khashoggi alive outside his country's consulate in istanbul he was there to collect papers for their upcoming marriage but instead walked into a death trap saudi crown prince mohammed bin solomon has been accused of ordering his murder in an exclusive interview with al jazeera his fiance says she'll fight to ensure everyone who's responsible for his death is brought to justice for the

sort of i want to expose the details of this horrific crime identify the perpetrators and put those who carried out the killing on a fair trial including those who ordered the hit so they get the punishment they deserve on behalf of jamal's relatives and loved ones and i say this isn't one of them we need to know the whereabouts of his body this is a basic human right. and why don't you know acquittal a cop i was convinced he was still alive i never imagined such a crime could happen in a consulate and a simple normal person can never imagine what happened near jamal never committed any crimes and never did wrong in any way and all he did was in turkey consulate to get hold of legal papers to get married we were on the right track him and i he wanted to build a new life and as you know he was excelled and he was in so much pain over it so to

be honest i never imagined the day i'd be in this position to be honest it still hasn't sunk in yes you see me sitting and talking and talking about what happened but human can't the words fail me. all right let's go live now to istanbul our correspondent mohammed vali is there mohammed you're outside the scene of the crime where this murder actually took place the saudi consulate in istanbul and we've also been hearing heavily from senior saudi officials. yes martin the remember that a few days ago the turkish prosecutor has been asked the court here to issue an arrest warrant for two men in saudi arabia so i would look at that there are serious for their role in the plot to. see the turkish side have been waiting for a response from saudi arabia and that's what you heard yesterday we heard yesterday from the saudi foreign minister

a total rejection of that request. with regards to their rents we will not hand any of our citizens to turkey even the turkish constitution prohibits the extradition of their own citizens so why should we turkey has not provided us with the information that we need on the investigation the legal way. and mohammed we've just heard have been way from khashoggi is fiance reminding us that there are still so many unanswered questions with regard to the murder jamal khashoggi. not site on top of those questions is the whereabouts of the body of the that's one of the key issues now in the air between saudi arabia and turkey turkey has demanded full information about that and the turkish side have been saying that it's not it's not a problem for the saudis to discover their whereabouts of the body of the matter

because one of those fifteen men who were sent here on october second and murdered one of them was in charge or two at least were in charge of the disposition of the body you know where it is they know what happened to the saudis have alleged that they handed it to a local collaborator in turkey but they failed to give the name of that collaborator something the turkish side see ours addiction was indeed because the saudi side so they all they could give was a likeness of him a drawing of the likeness of the collaborator so that's one of the key questions and that's what also he's insisted on in her interview with her just other questions are also very important including as we said the extraditing those men in charge those men who are in charge of the murder and also cooperating fully with the turkish judiciary given all the information that's needed including on top of everything who gave the order to kill something the saudis don't even seem to be willing to comment on all likelihood and all evidence that have been built by the

turkish side and have been also verified by the cia indicate that the man who gave the order to kill or much of ji was the saudi saudi crown prince mohammed and said man that's a question that also has to be discussed and has to be clarified by the saudi side of the turkish side have now become fully convinced that the saudis would not yield to their pressure on an individual but on a bilateral basis so there is a lot of hope being pinned on the congress the efforts being deployed by the u.s. congress they're going to table a draft resolution this week. an item that has to do with the economy nation of mohammad and some out in this know also that all of the all of the components of the turkish governments are working on this nonstop day and night to day or so there was a meeting expected between president and the head the chief of the turkish intelligence a few days after he returned from the u.s. and after the briefing he gave to the cia so we may get some announcement or at

least some way some kind of reaction from the turkish side to this total refusal by saudi arabia to hand over the men in charge of the murder of. our i did mohamed thank you very much for that mohammed found that live in istanbul and as mohammed mentioned in washington the senate is preparing to vote on a resolution that would specifically condemn the saudi camp crown prince for the men and one prominent republican has had some very strong lance if it weren't for the united states said be speaking farsi in about a week in saudi arabia their military can't fight it out of a paper bag they give us nine percent of our all imports we need them a lot less than they need. this you've got to hook up to a murderous regime can be american from iran quite the opposite i think by hooking up with him we heard or ability to govern the region. now the french president is

usually address the nation after meeting unions and protest groups to try to ease the same called yellow vest movement emanuel mccraw has been largely silent during the four weeks of protests across the country the demonstrations were initially over taxes all feel but they've now broadened to include many aspects of life in france today many people are calling for president mackerel to resign and meanwhile the finance minister has said the protests have been catastrophic for the economy and smith has been speaking to some of the workers affected. they're the only businesses that have seen profits go up because of the yellow vest protests along with more than seventy percent of french people the owner of this window pitting company is sympathetic to the protesters motives to citizenship their anger is legitimate it would be nice if mr merkel could enable employers to give bonuses free of tax to their employees so that everyone is better off at the end of the month but i also understand the government's position saying beseech it's not easy

to deal with they have to find solutions would you go there was this restaurant in central paris stayed open on a saturday but takings were down ninety percent. would be really bad if the situation persisted and got worse however it is nothing compared to the wave of terror attacks from three years ago when tourists asserted paris yesterday there were futurists but it will be a lot of considerations no matter what patel's will be the most impacted but restaurants like mine will suffer as well because in fact people. with the power turned off in the city of light in the shops boarded up the cost of the economy is estimated to have been at least one and a half billion dollars. well the protesters who took the place of christmas shoppers in central paris have succeeded in forcing the government of president emanuel mccrum to agree to their main demand and abandon a hike in fuel taxes we must now urgently work together to find a path to dialogue to provide answers to all of those french people overwhelmed by

the level of taxes and even through their work and can manage to get by but this can only be done in peace in dialogue and certainly not with violence scrapping the tax rises blows a five billion dollars hole in the government's budget but the protesters want tax cuts they want better pensions benefits and they want a higher minimum wage demands president is going to find difficult to meet and there's little money to pay for bernard smith al-jazeera powers. there chile has become the latest country to pull out of a un pact which aims to improve global call cooperation on migration the pact is use to be signed in morocco on monday but a host of countries are refusing to support it including australia and the us but it's in europe in particular that support for the deal is crumbling no more is that more evident than in austria where the government two has withdrawn its support

program and has more from the capital vienna. in vienna and across central europe the traditional christmas markets are well underway the symbolic of a christian heritage in a sense of european cultural identity twenty sixteen european nations led the campaign for a global solution to the migration crisis but a string of populist election victories since then means the u. n. compact which emerged from the crisis is being disowned by its architects first to go was hungry. we see that pack coming into the field of national sovereignty certainly trying to make migration a human right which if you take a closer look is opening pandora's box that's a perspective though that the united nations insists is just plain wrong the u.n. says that the compact is not legally binding and does not create any new.