to beat saudi arabia and surpass saudi arabia by city bank's estimates next year as an overall leader in both crude and overall oil product exports but however in the short run that's what we have to be most worried about it's the short run repercussions of the saudis cutting output that would send shock waves throughout the global economy but i would say that that that's leverage it would diminish in the long run unless they diversify as the world continues to diversify itself from its energy resources still to come on counting the cost tales from the crypto why digital currencies like bitcoin and ripple out of favor in two thousand and one thousand. back in november iran was effectively shut out from the dollar dominated financial system when the trumpet ministration decided to re-impose sanctions the measures are aimed right at the heart of the slamming republic's economy oil eight countries received

a six month waiver but this still puts enormous pressure on to her on the smoke too solid of a surety frezza didn't solve s.d.b. energy international who explained what's next for iran and oil prices there is that expectation in the market that in the next six months i mean two thousand one thousand the market is going to face over and over supply due today higher expert capacity from the u.s. and also lower demand so the market will be more ready if that time for any pressures on iran is in the all of these eight countries that are importing oil from iran that there are going to be any types of currency back to iran and iran can only import humanitarian goods or necessary goods those moves that are not subject to sanctions back to iran so they're kind of bartering you know where for food you are that is and are necessary goods and now we have european union that the are coming up we have a specific channels of trade. banking transaction with iran and if these channels

are built for a more formal and more usable ways working with iran this of course is going to weaken nines and dollar as it were and also iraq is now selling its oil in a local currency to these countries so i agree i mean if he pushed this more out or if we want to use this as a weapon is going to and if he is as losing its influence we cannot also denying the fact that these are habits and sequences on iran's economy carter became the first country in the middle east to quit opec in two thousand and eighteen his decision to move away from the cartel and focus on its natural gas exports comes at a time when questions are being raised about who's really setting global oil policy there's a feeling that saudi arabia along with knowledge opec countries like russia and the usa of course in the shops. it's very difficult to understand the russian oil for

countries to be either in or not in the organization of course you can say there is a certain concentration of power with the bigger players they have something to say and their decisions have as huge impact but of course at the same time if you if you look on the smaller members producing maybe two hundred thousand barrels a day four hundred or more those volumes don't really matter so much when it comes to the end of the day it's always nice if you have more countries are part of it but why do they can contribute well i hope it is a research organization so having access to that research is maybe interesting for those countries but also i would guess having an international platform for the politicians can be seen to communicate and to be on the same level was politicians are public and the production cuts is necessary because there's quite a lot of surplus right now and it's not necessarily just because of the iranian story and the consequences but it is because

a lot of supply is emerging from many other countries and on top of that the biggest supply addition this year of course is to us we've also reported this year on countries trying to diversify their economies away from oil and plan for a different kind of future and young people and women demanding a more inclusive role in that society one of the advisers to governments in the middle east is the international monetary fund christine legarde the managing director of the i.m.f. was in doha earlier this year in an exclusive interview counting the cost asked her about the role of women in the region and the changing economic headwinds. well because i care about this region of the world and because i visit very often my first advice would not be to the young woman it would be to the leaders of those countries and my advice would be first of all look to legal structure your legal arsenal all the laws providing equality for men and women second i would say look

at your budget are you providing for parenting leave are you providing for childcare centers are you helping the woman access or stay on the job market so that would be my first. my first call to the leaders because policies can actually change them up and i would also say to them and to people if i can reach out to them. change your mindset consider how valuable women can be for your economy how much additional growth they can provide how much more sustainable that growth will be more resilient it will be and how much inequality you're going to eliminate then i would turn to the woman my sisters and i would encourage them to number one get as much education as they can and i hope that this is accessible in the country were to talk to them not always the case i would second say. have enough self-esteem take confidence in what other women in the area

or beyond can achieve and just be yourself and make sure that you have a voice and if you can't find your voice get the support of other men and women who will be supporting you along the way millions in the u.k. are worried about what the new year will bring that's because the government has yet to reach a consensus on how to exist the european union at the end of march or u.k.'s economy is slowing and the currency is weakened as politicians continue to argue many voters are beginning to ask if it is an expensive miscalculation peter dixon from commerzbank has more i think when you look back to three years ago those people who pushed for bread i don't think expected to win the cold never had a plan to deliver in the event that they did so now we've wasted an awful lot of time and effort since the referendum trying to figure out how to deliver bragg's it which it's not even clear that the electorate now wants so it has indeed been very

expensive both in terms of absorbing government time. the energy which businesses now have to spend in order to prepare for something which frankly may not even yet happen g.d.p. is about two percentage points below. where it would otherwise have been in the absence of bragg's it and that can be calculated in in a number of ways we know it's a bit like saying you know we've all been. last year's growth. over of a two year period which is you know quite a quite a considerable quite a considerable sum. so without putting a precise figure on it i think it's fair to say the numbers being well i think on the on the current. projections on the assumption that we don't get a hard bragg's it you know growth will continue to remain in the area of you know one half percent give or take a little bit obviously at the start of the year if we get continued uncertainty then that could lead to maybe a bit more weakness in investment growth consumption but of course be impacted by

the strength of inflation if there is a d.d. any as a result of the of the weakening pound so at the start of the year out suspect will get off to a slow start but on the assumption that some of his presidency. is eliminated or smooth away then over the course of the year i rather hope and i think the consensus expects to that growth next year will be similar to what we've seen this year more people in two thousand and eighteen have access to the internet than safe drinking water and the world's digital population keeps growing the roof is the world is not reaping the so-called digital dividends of this transformation or than two billion people actively use facebook on a monthly basis which has had a decisive year or less to read the principle research sure and policy director of the european future innovation system center has more. in terms of facebook i think it's been it's been particularly hard hit by some of the concerns that have arisen

. over over the different scandals that have taken place in terms of the access to data and the use of the data particularly related to elections on what's hot in effect i think also there's and that's that's a sort of natural trend in any market people particular i would say the younger generations are looking for a other tools and moving to other areas other props and platforms so there is a sort of a natural trend i think linked to the sort of hit that they've taken from this sort of privacy abuse is that their place really it's or bricks it's another of the referendums and elections are more in the last year or so i think this is had sort of the negative effect is that the pick of facebook. i'm not sure of the case of the gravity strong position but i think it's again it's a very good example of where there's a need for clear regulation and checks on that's the use of the data is collected by such a company staying with digital want to difference a year makes this time twelve months ago bitcoin mania was all around but the

crypto hype hasn't been matching the reality lately bitcoin is down around seventy five percent from its all time high of nearly twenty thousand dollars depending on what exchange you're looking at garrick hellman has more on the drivers behind the situation we've seen prices of crypto assets like they coined go up and down in the ten years that they've been exist in existence because it just celebrated its ten year anniversary it's a new asset class it's uncertain how we should value it and the type of all to lety were seen is not a surprise however i think there's a growing acceptance an acknowledgement by just not just technologists but also regulators that blotching technology and crypto currency are very much part of the future architecture of our financial system and there certainly has been some work . done by you know academics and others looking at trades on certain exchanges that

do look suspicious i think there is a big question mark around that there's questions around how much trading volume is real and how much of it is spoofed or is washed trading i think there's a general consensus that there has been some some you know monkey business basically at work at some exchanges at least and that's all part of the maturing of the space and something that needs to get cleaned up for institutional investors and retail investors feel more confident comfortable owning krypto assets two thousand and eighteen so the world's first habitable three d. printed howe's is the newest technology causing a stir in the construction industry known in the trade as additive manufacturing some say could change how we live and construct homes in the future simon hots from innovate u.k. explains how it works. well actually that the technology is actually relatively mature in smaller scale so small scale three d. printers have been available even for domestic use for many years now what you're

doing with a with a large scale three d. printer is really extending the scale and the size of that three d. printer but there's a fundamental difference is that domestic three d. printers will typically use plastic they will heat up the plastic till it becomes a liquid and then print that liquid in a line there wait for it to call and then print the next layer now with houses if you're using concrete for example you have to wait for that to set or to become solid before you go to the next layer so whilst the similarities are there with with domestic three d. printing it's actually a lot more complex to do this for with structural materials such as required to build a house who exactly will have to pay for saving the planet is a big question these days un body published their answers in two thousand and eighteen following three years of research we can limit global warming and prevent climate catastrophe if radical change is made now we're here in the middle east an

area that is petro dependent and trying to find ways to diversify away from fossil fuels and create jobs for people who live here so we asked michael graham professor of energy and climate change university college in london what a carbon free future looks like for this region. middle east obviously has a concern that much of the middle east is dependent upon oil. not so much on coal and coal is the first in the line of fire the biggest sinner in terms of climate change if you like. but one issue for the many in the middle east is what does the future look like if we do have to curtail the oil demand. that's probably going to affect some other regions or show it was first because they're actually a bit more expensive than a bit more carbon intensive but still we're talking about rather than the past century largely fuel an expansion of coal in oil this century being about their

contraction and the rise of solar wind other renewable sources so that's the first thing we need to think what's the energy economy of countries in this case middle east countries traditionally heavy dependence on oil significant on gas that's kind of both good and bad it's called much cleaner than coal. burning we've have to missions in the power sector partly by using gas instead of coal and that's our show for this week but remember you can get in touch with us via twitter use the hash tag. you when you do or drop us an e-mail counting the cost of al-jazeera dot net is our address is more for you online at al-jazeera dot com slash c t c thank you straight to our page which has individual reports links and the entire episodes for you to catch up on. for this edition of counting the cost time sam is

a dan from the whole team here thanks for joining us news announcer zero is next. xenophobia violent and beating the drum for an ethnic civil war in the heart of europe. al-jazeera infiltrates one of the continent's fastest growing far right organizations and exposes links to members of the european parliament and marine le pen's national rally party generation eight. part two of a special two part investigation on al jazeera. medieval western society it was a feudal society to detail to keep the world above the law and as soon as the pope ended his speech some people stood up and said god will sit down and the entrance

to the city was horrific they killed people in the streets in their houses and in. the crusades and arab perspective at the sold one shop at this time on a zero getting to the heart of the matter how can you be a refugee after a while it borders between five safe countries facing realities the pain starts from the very beginning got there by. providing context housing is not just about four walls and a roof hear their story and talk to al-jazeera. this is al-jazeera. peter w. watching the news hour live from our headquarters here in doha coming up in the

next sixty minutes it's really up to the democrats totally up to the democrats as to whether or not we have a shutdown stars showed out of a possible shutdown the senate debates president trump's five billion dollar demand to fund its border wall. project with mexico. the u.n. approves observers to monitor a fragile cease fire around the yemeni port city of who data. guy was out on the streets again hung gary and protest after a so-called slave law comes into force. and a merry christmas from as a european space agency satellites and stunning pictures of snow on the red planet . the u.s. federal government is just hours away from a partial shutdown after president donald trump refused to back down on funding for

his border war with mexico now he's demanding almost six billion dollars to build the wall at raf spending bill passed by the house of representatives on thursday allocated the funds for it but it's expected to be rejected in the senate if no deal is reached parts of the u.s. government will begin to close at midnight eastern time on friday. border security and the republicans in the senate as you know are taking it up today and it's really up to the democrats totally up to the democrats as to whether or not we have a shutdown. it's possible that we'll have a shutdown i would say the chances are probably very good because i don't think democrats. care so much about maybe this issue but this is a very big issue it's an issue of crime in our meeting in the old the law office president trump said quote if we don't get what we want president trump will shut down the government i am proud to shut down shut it down said president trump i'm

not going to blame you meaning democrats i will take the mantle of shutting it down those are president trump's words and nothing he says or does today can undo that. no democrat has called for shutting the government to live to washington to my colleague mike hanna so mike in amongst all this political argy bargy is this a trump shutdown or a democrat shutdown well last week president trump was claiming that he would claim it proudly this week saying that if there is a shutdown it will be the democrats fold so certainly he's done a complete about turn on that particular issue but there have been some developments in the senate the senate leader mitch mcconnell has just told the senate that they will not be a vote in the senate until agreement is achieved between progression all leaders and the president on the issue off the funding he said if there is a shutdown it's going to be a very short one but what is behind all of this is last minute negotiations by the

president's chief of staff jared krishna one of his advisers and the vice president by pen say been shuttling between congress and congress between the hill the house and the senate attempting to get some kind of compromise that all will accept now what is happening now that mcconnell has announced that the senate and other congressional leaders leaders from the house will start discussing things with the president they will try and find some form of agreement that will satisfy everyone and there will be no vote in the senate and toole all in agreement on sudden bill to full of the funding gap how predisposed to be think mr trump is to accept some form of a compromise or a negotiated settlement here because he's kind of much himself up to the top of the hill on this he's going to have to come away from any talk surely mike can just say look i've got the funding for the wall we're going to build the wall it's going to be a beautiful wall etc etc. well at the moment he is busy tweeting out pictures

of his invasion and war which is steel slats which he continues to describe as beautiful with very sharp and pointed tops but president trump has been zigzagging on this all along this week that was an indication he was going to back away from insisting on funding for the wall in the budget saying that they were the news he could explore including going to members of his cabinet and asking for funding from their particular departments but then all of a sudden he turned on this once again said he needed that five billion dollars for the wall or he would not sign any legislation coming out of the house so he used a ducked and dived and done about turns so there's no way to predict how he's going to react to this latest development but the very fact that that his chief of staff and that the vice president had been engaged in intensive negotiations would appear to indicate that there is

a possibility for compromise something we may know in coming up with something that we may only know in coming days mike thanks very much. well the looming shutdown is also speaking the already unsettled u.s. stock market the dow jones plugs to its worst week since the financial crisis in two thousand and eight down nearly seven percent concerns of slowing economic growth and a recession had investors all worried oh major u.s. indices of lost sixteen to twenty six percent from their highs earlier this year. president drums hardline policy on asylum seekers meanwhile has been dealt a blow by the u.s. supreme court it is refusing to enforce new rules preventing people who cross the border illegally from claiming asylum it's the trump signed an order in november to try to stop asylum seekers from a so-called carava moving through mexico from reaching ultimately u.s. soil. kenneth post is a junk professor georgetown law school and author of the annual supreme court

yearbook he joins us from washington kenneth gross welcome to the al-jazeera news what does this all mean well refugee policy is one small part of president trump's anti immigration policies and to reduce the number of applicants for asylum the president issued an order as you said in november saying that anyone who entered into the country illegally is categorically eligible for asylum what ever his or her story might be and that policy was challenge in a federal court in san francisco and the judge there within ten days of the lawsuit said yes this policy is illegal and you can't implement it and. the administration went to the supreme court to you know to try to get permission to

institute the policy despite two lower court rulings against it as their son says supreme court. pardon me for interrupting you there is little chance here that the administration can revisit this trying to narrow the policy and then go back to the supreme court. well that the case is really still before the federal court in san francisco there will be a lot there will be a trial in march to fully air the legal and political issues involved and at that point i suppose the administration might try to you know refine its position more narrowly but at the moment the administration has has simply struck out on on on this effort to reduce the number of asylum applicants there is a perception in legal circles in the states criminal got this one wrong but this seems to me to be a perception that this administration decided to jump straight to the level of the

supreme court how unusual is that and why did they decide to do it that way. well that's quite right that they you know the the ordinary judicial procedure would be to wait for the federal appeals court in california to fully consider the issues that were before the lower court judge judge tigar and the the supreme court. was asked to intervene prematurely and and in that sense today's decision not to intervene is not exactly surprising what was surprising is that the administration got four votes. on its side but four votes is was not a majority is the takeaway point here the key thing as far as mr trump is concerned this that the u.s. president cannot overwrite rewrite on the hoof if you will standing u.s.

law when it comes to migration i'm claiming asylum. that's exactly right the the the federal law includes a provision that. no asylum application can be penalized based on illegal entry and that that standing you know that's a law passed by congress and signed by a president thirty eight thirty years ago and. judge tigar in san francisco essentially said well you can't change you can't change the law just by a presidential proclamation can it's just great to talk to you thanks very much your insight we do appreciate your time. glad to be with you plenty more still to come for you here on news including. he's a great soldier and he's been a remarkable minister and he's been a hot enough for all occasions america's allies and u.s.

politicians on the fallout of the sudden resignation of the defense secretary james mattis we'll have a live update from the states. also ahead violence and a turn split between ethiopia and kenya we report on what's fueling the crisis. there was jus in court you got all the details coming up in the sports news with in a little over thirty minutes. the u.n. security council has today approved a team of observers to monitor a cease fire in yemen's keep port city of who data the u.n. monitors who will be uniformed or will be deployed for an initial period of thirty days this is part of a peace deal agreed by who the rebels and the saudi iraqi backed yemeni government at their recent talks and sweet they happened last week it's hoped the limited ceasefire and the withdrawal of troops from the port will lead to

a breakthrough in the four year long civil war diplomatic go to james bays reports now from u.n. headquarters in new york. this resolution passed unanimously endorses the deployment of u.n. monitors to yemen i'm told the first advance team could be there in her data in a matter of hours they will then decide how many monitors there should be i'm told mission they were talking about thirty but they could go up to a figure of one hundred sixty seven the other thing the security council hopes this will do is bring momentum to the peace process with more talks to you in january the u.k. ambassador was the one who drafted this resolution the most important matter now is that we turn to urgent implementation it's vital that the parties finally thier neck commitments to pave the way for a formal mean launch of negotiations and at the same time mr president delivering real improvements on the ground that make

a tangible difference to ordinary yemenis there were some tough negotiations to get this passed including an unseemly ryle between two allies the u.k. and the u.s. i'm told it even went to the office of the foreign secretary and the secretary of state one of the things that's come out of the original draft resolution drawn up by the u.k. is the provision of accountability for crimes under international humanitarian law that something that would have targeted the saudi led coalition it seems the u.s. has been doing the coalition's bidding and got that section removed and serbian government forces and who see fighters are blaming each other for violating the cease fire in data government forces released this video showing displaced yemenis after they see who the fighters shelled.