crimean people. are always new on that see reach good at bar y. in. so it was home in utah. protection of people wrong. there were. several of them or we. see it on them to dallas to look. only at some years ago but there and then asked. if he did nothing. because a key. is a given in the ceiling in. the right eye while you can skip us but. to the movie in time to one of my having to forage there for the could have to teach each different way of. steers and you see the meeting what he has the conclusion of either me or you could go with the season to be teaching. the russian forces how to ride it claimed to protect the people it was not an extension of clay

it was joining me here and we all rushed it was does you tube force the russian government to support the crimean people because crimea people appeared to be on there's a cigarette or chair or if. there is. let's . go to. the world watched impotently as russian forces took control of the entire peninsula. veteran human rights activist and crimean tatar leader jimmy live received an unexpected uproots from the former president of the russian republic. meant to move live who was acting as a go between for moscow. risky russian

of crew members here remember your memory of his authority for march. i had were you approached the rigors man thanks they didn't occur what you were but i must give the storms their friends which i'm sure that a much discretion. in mid march to me live was asked to receive a call from my little corner of the run. for better ways to live on the spot you know. you had to look good spend sort of an adult use and i should talk with them said muniz yes the butter is the shooter who needs around the turn of the. rather put them citizens goodness on the nose robot or is it the little party that runs order of things that can be regarded. when you discover the. card where it. dumps the grahams can drive better in person because in a grim aggressive. they're up to go too far or is there isn't there what if the hurdle for

a marshal in order to refute richard riordan despair is because the shooter. not only did put in have no intention of taking his troops out of crimea he had another insurgency planned. simle taney asleep as moscow's troops began arriving in crimea pro russian protests broke out in an area known as adama us in eastern ukraine. it would soon lead to an all out war as a surge and supported by russian troops and military equipment pushed ukraine grabbing town after. region after really. one of the key aims denied by moscow was to establish land access to crimea and in the process create a great to russia. initially the ill equipped ukrainian was pushed back but no one in the russian military had anticipated the determination of ordinary ukrainians who volunteered in their thousands to counter insurgency.

put in stream of land access to crimea had been swapped. back on the crimean peninsula with moscow's forces in total control a referendum was hastily arranged which the pro russians easily won it was absolutely clear and fair that eighty five percent of. operation was for near great joy in russia. despite world condemnation russia now claim crimea as its own. and in the sink that is easy you would think it will be good to see when you're back with that return they didn't look at your best image watching got a team so not sure but if you get that let you know legumes important visit you in the formal a good stuff but the. law says that what they kill it does not like.

it was not a little it was holy day for the people people voting station with. tears in their eyes. but not all shed tears of joy for most ukrainians and thought i was living in crimea it was a dark day. for giving. a life long. with. this ambition appears to be echoed by the man himself in the speech to crimean russians. look at us going back to natural. gave my together for. amongst putin's first orders was to begin working on

a bridge spanning over eighteen kilometers from the russian mainland to crimea. with the annexation of the peninsula now in full flow. russian strategy was about to take an ominous direction against the us who had opposed the referendum and occupation. here to reserve the us for the printer mark their stead and store world a. better shot amid the original original start reading mission to get floors of the government lower grants who. were sort of there's a squad clearly. in that insurers noone are. going to grow or secure open a police or gubernator permission system that actually we think that is pretty sure you'll be started.

today most affords me live lives in exile and the ukrainian capital kiev under strict warning from moscow he would be arrested immediately should he ever attempt to return to his home life and i am. his wife sufi know remains in the family home defined and determined that the towers will not be driven from their homelands. for them semi-serious mind me mean by now where i stated to you here hides but the most a download in the national of my back and to my auntie's

e me my soil and they see me and this is the land of their people. the crimean tatar capital. has been their home for centuries but since the annexation by russia tens of thousands have fled north to various parts of ukraine now a muslim minority with fewer than three hundred thousand remaining they live under the constant threat of arrest should they dare to speak out against the occupation . in the middle of the nineteenth century they were the majority today they make up around twelve percent of the population of crimea as two point five million inhabitants as more and more russians are encouraged by moscow to move here. that's not how this was really smeared and i should steve and sie izzy mia. totters though are distrusted by many

russians they have lived here since the fourteenth century when various turkic tribes invaded. but their wealth depended mainly on the trading of slaves who they captured in regular raids across the region selling them on to autumn in slave markets and cost ninety nobles now istanbul and elsewhere in the middle east. this trade was eventually brought to an end after conflicts with both ukrainians and russians and the crimean peninsula with a valuable trading post on the black sea was an extent by russia and seven hundred eighty three. since then try me and thought ours have been repeatedly buffeted by their neighbors and driven from their land. in one thousand nine hundred forty four as portrayed in this drama by crimean ta-ta

director when they were suspected of collaboration with the nazis joseph stalin ordered that the entire crimean tatar population be given just fifteen minutes to leave their home for half. an act of ethnic cleansing which lives in the folklore of the tarnation to this day. was stuff a jimmy live was just a small child time. period in french period of bedsores merchant. to china and there during his and there it is going to shatter they're going to be prince corregidor and they're going to north korea and washes three of them. there that are over. there. is no shared her to see non-science care less than. president it would appear to understand that the moment is to let history.

and put them in the direction in which you remember them. scraps go for more than a. marker for the work of her son. thomas dancing yet more because. it's like the arts there are some restaurants here is that on your own or her unconditionally are opposed to her skin austin and literally across the rivers her . park report is going there in the portraits here. most were sent for resettlement in his book star and over one hundred thousand are said to have died either joining the deportation or from the diseases and famine

that followed. we proposed was sure she was her peer group or where the new or person of approaches her version or in part of my answer scrivener they moved her printed out it read word it carried her growing her person the part of her super rich over the super disorder she was preparing for this in a gym nor. that it's the risk to birth her there are several murders that have been in stores and programs or ephemeris there's a difference if appropriate corish visionaire here learn. this where footage shows a child celebrating the festival of eight. always there was just one thing on their minds. the most let us put out a. little bit of.

nationalist forget us we would. then in the late one nine hundred eighty s. taking advantage of mikhail gorbachev's introduction of greater freedoms in the soviet union a small number of startups led by my stuff and you may live made the move back to their home without waiting for permission from moscow. it was just. didn't come up with. the bit about the school.

and she wanted city. hall door snick you. national is sad silly i knew not really because they actually had the langley oh kind of thought school young young maliki that about the release of bin as reasonably shasta. and nine hundred ninety one the end of the soviet union provided the opportunity the rest of the crimean thought tarnation had been waiting for. with the agreement of the newly independent ukraine over a hundred thousand dollars made their way home. there's a. new printer and your group has to be sharga shergar group reverse search for mr. schryver shirt or worse than. that since i did it so i really saw what my cranium.

really was still in a depression right of palatka relieves him we aren't really that of can you start a grown list susteren like really really tiny it was a starter no you did wish as theory and you will in the swayze. but today that happiness is gone. outside the russian embassy in the ukrainian capital kiev a small demonstration is attracting media attention. yeah because osho because i do not mean lead post which has totally unknown in form i guess. ok just get another crowd in the not post media and you my lad don't need no new someone getting impressed if its a place to play nic. and actually smile. a

shame years really break you. says i matter not only it's an able to shed a of get his son to a new kid for me such when you could have a is. it a fiend it a game of is an executive of the world congress of crimean taught us as well as a member of but just rice city council. his abduction just yards from his home was captured in the top corner of the picture and it's immediately clear the vehicles were lying in wait. stopping his car pulling him out of the driver's seat and binding his hands takes less than a minute. his bundle towards the side doors of a waiting van. then suddenly makes a desperate bid to escape. is

soon captured again and this time he disappears into the van and is gone forever. in a world where journalism as an industry is changing we at al-jazeera are fortunate to be able to continue to expand to continue to have that passenger drive and present the stories in a way that is important to our lives. everyone has a story worth hearing to. cover that are often ignored we don't weigh our coverage towards one particular region or continent that's why i joined al-jazeera. in the first episode of science in a golden age i'll be exploring the contributions made by scholars doing medieval islamic a period in the field of. professor jim alkalinity brings

a berlioz. the past i'm like. what's going credible with the real we've done is block out the mike from the room and then allow it to come through this whole episode one of science are not going to marriage on al-jazeera. and iran or in china or not over the top stories on our jazeera at least two hundred twenty two people have been killed and hundreds more injured in a tsunami on the indonesian islands of java and sumatra it happened in the straits between the two popular tourist islands scientists say it was triggered by an underwater landslide. krakatau volcano erupted on saturday water crashed in land

destroying homes hotels and roads under there's undertow us is in china gone on java island and set us up to date. already hundreds of rescue workers in that disaster zone in parts because of how close is it's to jakarta indonesia its capital where all the emergency services are based the fear now is of a second tsunami if move all kind of activity causes more on the water landslides and that's why i'm here in chile going about five kilometers inland from the coast up a hill the authorities are saying that nobody should be along that coastline tonight in the dark in case another wave hits the u.s. president has announced he'll be replacing his defense secretary james mattis two months earlier than expected mattis resigned on thursday after disagreeing with the president's foreign policy of withdrawing troops from syria the deputy secretary of

defense patrick shanahan is now due to assume the row at the start of twenty nineteen. sudanese police have reportedly fired tear gas to disperse protesters thousands of taking to the streets across the country on the fifth consecutive day of demonstrations over rising food and fuel prices and countries doctors say they'll go on an indefinite strike in the first of a series of work stoppages at papers for the democratic republic of congo's long awaited presidential election have arrived in the capital kinshasa up to four million papers were due by saturday to replace those destroyed by fire last week the blaze also damaged more than eight thousand voting machines the presidential poll which was origination edgel for sunday has been pushed back by a week it's been two years since al-jazeera journalist mom or two saying was arrested and detained in egypt without being charged with a crime is imprisonment has been repeatedly extended despite international calls for his immediate release there's the top stories there stay with us so now to

syria crimea russia's dirty secret continues next and i'll have the news after the straight talk to that next what you've seen of it. forty nine young man has been disappeared since the photos and excision of crimea by russia in two thousand and fourteen. most were never seen again. the very first reserving abroad game of the day his father grieves for his missing son kidnapped he says i russian security services. who i genuinely nice blue for a surprise it's you you do good for the guy from this kind of shockers you can do the sheeted cops throw my rope it's going to. yes and i think betty by k.

i mean you don't lose anyone incentives for you mean to stand yeah yeah i mean that's the whole that point me and i he you know if you would yeah it's nice to know you. from. your little crazed. i thought others remembered only for. good or for this is going to resonate the growers and that this kitchen is. pretty or more we're. sort of. wrong approach it is a pretty grim when you look but if you said look at. the grab. the whip there were groups here prepared to put or when we. were cadets could remember us. praying in a makeshift basement in a ukrainian town close to the crime that these men fear for their lives

recently a grenade was thrown into the mosque but didn't explode. we can't show their faces because many wherever possible slip back into crimea to see their families if caught the consequences can be terrifying. yang pacifist and. nine hundred mi away and therefore the man disappears no it is not because i do and i go or lose him in your design i mean after the violence i mean yeah but. my reason you would. but i'd like. to share. dosing up with that and also in that order you see say to him you're both of the nurse genevieve creates. mccrae know.

like so many of his fellow toddlers exile for him has been hard to take his family had been deported by stalin in one nine hundred forty four and only returned to crimea in the one nine hundred ninety s. as russia's stage screws in laos origin which are not a problem. and you put that well adama but they comes up at them you're. good at it and you go you is not a nice new berlin that our border must be but i'd be so into national id to. come back i was comparing smith. story to the region washington or source in the style of soccer in your vote at the staying you do sri true story store and you got a new lease sporting a dog but it curve was i just not origin. at

him from i go yes quiz show you pursue more. of was the whole resume of. becoming your own crematorium at the origin or. the mama. those still living in the homeland know that they and their families and never safe . in will get disability it is because i don't think there is sure that it was because you only go to it took astronomy does it. for so you still name thing you can still play nurse was he was ok liz dozier. push into. yes but she looked at a bush should have a medium budget because and it will now you don't will see it shouldn't the committee party in the course of austin's but was it

a boom of the munich. his eighteen year old son and his seventeen year old nephew ziad that were taken from the street around six thirty in the evening on september twenty seventh two thousand and fourteen in history only got to report a brave inhibition in. this the estimate is. suited to the cea suited music store citizens as it was of the ad is a misleading good that he thought he could more than just couldn't get up she sniffled us i too used to. be given a ticket just because i'm standing. at the circuits press when you don't use would be irrigated to me it seems to look pretty but he was just the host would. with me into the stores motion stores and into miss conditions with the ads work or see it unless he did it used to do most of the abuse to the mutant freedom that i think is

national when you flip the silly i move to me he used to say yes two thousand and twenty seven i did scares him to death of her she's to get better just because it. up the rashid has started a support group for families of the arrested on the disappeared. when they know of court hearings they gathered together on the shore of solidarity. when human a story about the most a scimitar bit of what has not been you might have stopped eating but you might be sure to his name for the courtesy a minute to give me a process just more time you. hear more general push into estonia to muslims get introduction to me you. see with this estate's us troops put you both are idiots on the street. when you both are at them which it probably is when the suit could.

words d.j.s. and yet there's an assist the dentist with whom you when you must please produce good at their value i should list your kids around you be sure but on the top national and state your question additionally system kids knew you. needed to have seen you more missives also didn't put them in a which was a big deal mr hanssen data. in the mission movie did you uncover the unless it produces educational but i've shown seem so you will be skinny yes mrs nine is saying i said what if i think washington is their biggest retain. the town community rely on for support is lawyer i mean you could have a dino. he spends most of his working life racing between courtrooms and police stations registering his interest in someone who's been arrested before there's any opportunity to disappear them.

this was a waste of time limits to the preaching the will with the ballot or. just a bunch of wild it was a way of the process the preacher. in the crowd. where holes lie all through those simple trot this is all it was for why those one needs are of a couple. so missed almost. raids by militia supported by russia's f.s.b. secret police have become part of daily life for the crimean tatars. fearing for the well being of their people when taken into custody the community has set up a system of alerts as people rush to the scene to film movie arrests. an unknown number of those taken are currently languishing in prisons in both crimea and

russia. was a lot of the good he did it on my side like to misapply what. my doubts i was. given year over possible tom became public interest came apostle. of the battle for money or did talk radio to. remain up at a mill not just. watch a lot of the category. this don't rate time to catch their quarry asleep in that was filmed by russia secret service the f.s.b. themselves national deal of only in this ng still states best. and usually with most only those in the us. the listener must anybody to move her

novel and imagine. that his daughter. after securing the arrest they spend six hours ransacking the house looking for incriminating evidence. all they found was a small collection of religious texts but that was all they needed. yet i shots on ever as packing food to deliver to the prison where since that raid her husband still a minus spent a year on remand awaiting trial. but that was. it only if. he's charged with terror of fences but for the russians his real crime is live streaming raids from his mobile phone simonetti for life give the whole you don't

get the show. he's merely just a place when his story and you have to live in the heyday of a king live in london when the region i'm so sad you knew physically sort of. since alone and the rest she's been raising her children alone the youngest sophie who has struggled to understand. when she is we're getting a five. at history. and i was then the glasses. and i asked when he had heard each and then is that the most to me and was more about it. another day another case for i mean you. could have. a meal may not be able to keep his kline's out of prison but at least he's managed to keep most of them alive. it's meant that he has become

a target of the authorities himself. as a super power. but maybe it's. just the minute you must probably. mostly you're listening to all the world but his. email believes fear of his land is at the core of russian tactics. be a delusion need. to use the bit allusion united is present in it but he goes a little bit but is that it is this a huge leap into all their images to dimia domus and whining like a toddler as the while carli little scheme is a good bit of all they. got out of the most amusing as though all evil will be here with the post me me is that you music but to them unfazed by the valley was all

born more lost also i was there with you we visited it would include of we can let it go that is a was lost and you were the shells. at least those korans were written in russian more than eighty thousand books written in ukrainian have been destroyed. and for schoolchildren history lessons are now drenched in russian nationalism. and minutes apart was recently appointed deputy minister of information in the ukrainian government like so many others she's exiled from her crimean homeland but her family including her ten year old brother still live there. he told her a simple story about his teacher single lesson she starts with this political conversations kind of she devotes ten minutes she dedicated ten minutes for the conversation on how beautiful cranium of reality is within the russian system or

russia. when her young brother asked about ukraine the teacher became very angry she said oh stop it stop dreaming on the crane it will never get back here so and she was really annoyed this statue in the center of simferopol depicts a little girl thanking a russian soldier for liberating crimea ukraine and society is much more open and much more democratic and one of the fundamental principles fundamental values for this society is freedom is again about the wail of the queen anne's are not to be suppressed something that unfortunately is not in their reality in russia but that's not how russia sees it a majority of crimea but ours was against crime here to rejoin russia because as a cuban moneyball waited by a ukrainian

a sort of just during few years i see more and more see that russia from garment are tried to or respect rights or crimea and others. like so many others jamil calico is unable to return to his home. he is the crimean tatars most famous musician and it was he who rediscovered their ancient and. so those who go to the local to the good to go on holding of the option. conform or. and so my are his honesty afterward so there again him lemme see in the millisecond your mother so many years with us was first born as you said would only one of them it would have chastised you but i was listening always in my eyes because i've asked them whether they and i will do that today and i doubt there will milligan and he let on as you have left what you must

not only responding today and had complete as then you are divorced at the end they couldn't and they were still around that. a.t.r. was a total his own television station based in simferopol. but soon after the annexation of russian forces moved to close it down. today rather than giving concerts and back just arrived jimmy a character of plays at a qatar restaurant a kid. in the audience tonight is a woman who brought the crime in the tar course to world attention. singer songwriter gemma lives in exile because a song she wrote upsets russian all four of these. strangers a name. oh

my yes it was their story happily as has my year. about syria. and the classic semana story of what chad just on the other guys it's all over the north. ya spend your gums but that's going on all those as where are they and their fine yet. she entered the song for the your revision song contest. the final was watched by hundreds of millions across the world. one thousand nine hundred forty four a song about the deportation of top hours under joseph stalin won the competition between the russian entry into third place. young man the if it's all comes because in the civil comes on the road that's above cross that. it's a volvo cop it's a visible of a couple of young men's nationals handing out their. nets at the dome with their

all head. full of stitches saying put a magic door. open only say his casket the post or moses to their lives just live on t.v. to watch the somewhere norma. with all the hopes and dreams of thought those would go to massive blow in two thousand and eighteen when vladimir putin's pet project the road and rail bridge linking crimea with the russian made was opened. it had cost three billion dollars and the man himself was there to lead the procession and place his feet firmly on crimea story. a waste of a human issue in your book as only a few more we're not there yet sheer on you because now you might get out yeah

we're british you need it here and don't you put in your ladyship but i got. valuable to here is i will do sheer weschler did you. was proud of the big course his decision to hold crimean squad been supported by age of five percent of communists but because he could see that crane means you have a beauty and celebrate not just the bit rate but celebrate because like you're a put in decision save some wasn't ansel's and lives. it had been proposed to call the reunification bridge but they finally settled on a less controversial meaning simply the crimean bridge. perceptions. why it was so important to put well i think you really want to.

let's say to leave the trace kind of to have this very physical evidence of this very union because this was something that is about showing put in as the glorious leader of russian federation that is fighting for the security of his own people which is again not truth. meanwhile for the tart are still living in their home things seem to be getting worse not those already perception of his release yet recovering in his post this is worse or that you might give a door but what it is very displeased here is if you look at it. but i don't know who is i'm sure is used to it and when you. see them. veneer almost the fire of a sun server has been languishing in the remand prison for months for the drunken

m.p.'s who were back up. here william shock you see if there was a myth here that this girl is. that but all night you know what was he disappears not really. getting a real live thought of him that. bradley will. to morrow so ever will be taken to court and his parents are meeting with lawyers to see what can be done. no family members will be allowed inside the court where he faces the usual terrorism related charges. so the whole will only you are what a cook at you go to your machine accused of looking as one politician material if you were a new age in britain assume this meaningful they must at least privately was the is this. community news a sheet of work up of interest near me boot of a new my idea that as it was a hotel room place the lens for

a day i wish but bold red on proper although for is a bit of value i mean there is yet still is this is good that still yet. we get winds in particular were really young is now cut notion of and i said to get big i would have thought that you knew too when you still. a number of thought are men including servants the five will appear in court today and supporters of arrived to see if they can catch even a glimpse of the accused. did it bear this just last month news. we initially by decided that we need business such as these to last the visit as easily. as they enhance our story equired sure they listen to some of baldly. one by one the men are led

into the courthouse. at. the very last to service the fight for. a smile of the fine stretching across his face. his family at least know that he is alive. others can only wait. but their hope is fading.

hello there it is cooled down for some of us in western australia now on saturday we got around forty one degrees in perth and then we had a change in the wind direction and now we've got a bit more in the way of clowns as well that means from monday our maximum temperature will just be twenty seven degrees out where we're still going to see some showers mostly across the northern pot say for some of us in the northern territory and across into queensland we'll see a fair few showers at times but for the southeast it should be fine for the hawks in melbourne but that heat a fraction as we head into choose day for new zealand very stormy here at the moment look at all the cloud that's working its way across us we're seeing some very very heavy downpours across many parts of the north line and particularly there across parts of north and and that system still with us for monday and then

eases a bit as we head through choose day choose day though still looking very wet for many of us particularly in the north island for the south island a better chance of a dry day here particularly if you are in the south now for the northern parts of asia everything's quite quiet weather wise at the moment but it's not that warm we're looking at a maximum just of eleven there in tokyo they could be a bit of cloud around at times that could squeeze out one or two showers and for the west it's also going to be cool here in fact downright cold force in a maximum temperature of minus twenty four. i mean this is different not just whether someone's going for someone's favorite this but only means three things it's how you approach an official and i think it is a certain way of doing it you can just by and inject a story and fly out. step into the unknown with central america's

first ever theatrical production by actors with down syndrome. a life journey illuminates on stage each performer transformed with the raise of occurred to. witness time to love a backstage who. on a. colleague must much the same has now been held in pretrial detention for two years what is his crime. why hasn't he been tried yet why hasn't justice been applied in this case is he detained because he's a journalist as journalism become a crime have moles become a tool to silence weiss's of truth we will continue our news coverage with professionalism and impartiality our work will remain credible and accurate but journalism is not a crime incarcerating journalists is not acceptable we demand the immediate release

of all colleague mahmoud to say and all journalists detained in a gyptian jails free mahmoud's and all his colleagues we stand for press freedom. this is zero. eleanor untainted this is the al jazeera news hour live from london coming up tsunami devastation in indonesia more than two hundred people die and hundreds

injured after a huge wave triggered by a volcano java and sumatra. patrick shanahan is appointed as donald trump's new defense secretary after james mattis leaves earlier than planned. don on rest stop has joined protesters on the fifth day of demonstrations that have led to ten deaths. and the campaign to free under their journalist mahmoud hussein who's now spent two years behind bars in egypt without trial. and i'm peter stone is in doha with all your sport of talk of hotspur through six two in the english premier league better more on the way later this news hour. a tsunami in indonesia has killed more than two hundred twenty two people and injured more than eight hundred forty others it happened in the sundar straight

between the two popular tourist islands of java and sumatra water crashed into land destroying homes hotels and roads the currents swept away people and vehicles scientists say the tsunami was triggered by undersea landslides following the eruption of the volcano krakatau aside to being on a watch list because smaller eruptions have been recorded throughout the year under thomas's near the disaster zone and sent this report. a concert by the indonesian pop band seventeen in western java came to an abrupt end when waves from a tsunami swept away the stage musician and fans. the water flowed up to twenty meters inland killing dozens and injuring hundreds. if the morning so there were so four weeks ago here in the region you know under our metre two metres so this could have been much worse in these years meteorology

and geophysics agency believes the waves could have been caused by an undersea landslide from the eruption of crocodile that's a volcanic island formed over years from the nearby crocodile volcano search and rescue operations are now underway for survivors who were very family kids kids were people that are treated. worse because this is a traumatic event especially given all of the things the indonesians suffered in the last you know four months in september more than two thousand people were killed by a quake and tsunami that hit the city of palu on the island of sort away z. which is just east of borneo indonesia and the ring of fire it's it's it's there's always volcanic eruptions happening there always sometimes there are tsunamis. and it's really no more active than normal actually it's just every now and then there's

a confluence of events which unfortunately results in people being kind of literally swept up in these disasters and the number of casualties from this disaster over a holiday weekend is expected to increase as rescuers reach affected areas and there are already hundreds of rescue workers in that disaster zone in parts because of how close is it to jakarta indonesia its capital where all the emergency services are based the fear now. is of a second tsunami if more volcanic activity causes more underwater landslides and that's why i'm here in chile going about five kilometers inland from the coast up a hill the authorities are saying that nobody should be along that coastline tonight in the dark in case another wave hits under thomas al-jazeera chiller gone into an easier. joining me in the studio is tsunami expert on kalman from university college london is institute for risk and disaster reduction that is from actually going to talk to us and tell us more about why this particular tsunami was

so so deadly and so hard to detect this is a very thought situation where it's very hard to detect what went on in the volcano and because the volcano was so close to the coastline it meant that people would have only had minutes of warning before the tsunami struck and so i mean there were signs beforehand that there was perhaps that could spell danger do you think well the volcano is up to and it's been erupting for a long time so this is a challenge that do we just evacuate the coastline every time something happens that would be very difficult for people or is there as are other monitoring approaches which you could take so when there's a big event as or was today whether landslide or earthquake or other volcanic activity the warning can go out so what kind of priority should there be then if i mean in terms of kind of mitigating the risks from something that they said where where should people focus their attention for me i would go in our subpoena they have livelihoods there they know the land they know the shore and they want to be there in many cases so we know that there is

a threat we know the volcano is erupting we know what could happen there could be a tsunami from many sources she sit down with people and ask them this is what could happen can you do with a couple of minutes warning what are the consequences for different decisions and work with them to determine what should be done and i mean do you i mean there seems to the response was fairly quick i suppose partly because some of the rescuers are on that far away in in this case but in general do you think the preparedness could be better there's always more things we can do what we know is the indonesians have a lot of experience they are highly competent and that includes also disaster researches who are working on this issue day after day year after year the other thing with at least one of the islands in this case is that it is clearly close to the capital so it is not that isolated the challenge though is how often do we want to rely on extra resource. rather working with the people and training them to help and selves before and after it to a minimum getting the focus is on kind of the response afterwards rather than the preparedness before unfortunate for disasters everywhere whether indonesia or in

this country in the u.k. we tend to see much more prominence for what happens after than before so a lot of what we're doing is saying well what do we know now and how could we use that knowledge so that we can be prepared to be ready rather than simply only responding when it is too late and there was a some suggestion that there'd been a bit of confusion initially as to what what was actually happening and whether the right sorts messages were sent out what did you did you get any more information as well for me i mean i'm not going to judge what was happening locally there is unfortunately going to be a lot of time to judge people and to determine what went right and what went wrong what we're seeing now is that some people don't even know whether their families and friends are life or death so we definitely have to help the injured help those who might die without assistance gather up the bodies and start the grieving process people also need food water and energy and education is very important continuity of schools so everyone can help and people are helping to ensure that those who are suffering at the moment don't suffer even more and then we can say

well what went right what went wrong what camille use and what can you do differently and i'm coming thank you very much david if you will just take you now the u.s. defense chief has just days left in the job james mattis is leaving the post on january the first two months earlier than expected president tweeted saying i'm pleased to announce that our very talented deputy secretary of defense patrick shanahan or assume the title of acting secretary of defense starting general the first twenty nineteen patrick has a long list of accomplishments or serving as deputy and previously boeing he'll be great let's go live now to rose and jordan who is in washington russian why has james mattis left earlier than planned. well this is sort of a turning the old saying on its head you can't fire me i quit this is now the u.s. president donald trump saying you can't quit i'm firing you so this is basically you know the president's prerogative he can say to

a member of his cabinet when he wants that person to stay in the job or when that person should leave the job but according to a number of reports coming out on sunday apparently the president did not realize when jim mattis turned in his resignation letter on thursday that he was being extremely critical of the president's foreign policy objectives and practices and that only after presidential aides explained to the president that the resignation letter was a very scathing criticism of the president's decisions about troop deployments in syria and in afghanistan that the president suddenly realized that he had been publicly embarrassed and became very angry and so here's this firing essentially on sunday. the president has also spoken to the takesh president and what i've been saying. well this is all coming from

a turkish official speaking to the process in that country there's been no independent confirmation of that from the white house in part because of the partial government shutdown and so officials aren't responding to present queries as quickly as you might otherwise expect but according to turkish officials speaking to turkish media apparently the u.s. has agreed to essentially clear the way so that the turkish military can do its part not just to prevent a resurgence of eisel forces inside turkey but inside syria excuse me but also do what it but the government of thailand or the one believes is necessary to safeguard turkish security which would mean going after those members of the white or the syrian defense forces that have been working in hand in glove with u.s. forces to prevent eisel from coming up but of course where where al gore is

concerned the white p.g. is an affiliate of the p.k. k. which the turkish government considers an accidental security threat to the turkish state so this is all coming from turkish media there again there hasn't been independent confirmation from the white house about the conversation but it is worth pointing out that the reason why jim mattis turned in his resignation letter on thursday and then why brett mcgurk the special presidential envoy for the global could go listen to defeat eisel heard in his resignation letter on friday was because they disagreed with the u.s. president's decision to pull u.s. forces out of syria and leave it to come trees in the region to deal with eisel and other security issues so it's a bit convoluted but really lauren that's the situation they don't like what's

happening but certainly from his perspective u.s. forces leaving syria is a good thing for turkish ambitions in the region thank you very much. the french president has criticized donald trump's decision on syria speaking in chad also praised james mattis georgia to perform in one of these i deeply regret the decision taken in syria would like to pay tribute to general mattis and to the remarks which accompanied his decision over the past year and a half i and the french minister of armed forces know he was a reliable representative and constantly reminded us of the importance of what being allies means impactive trumps decision as being felt on the ground in syria turkey sending military reinforcements to its border with northern syria including one hundred vehicles and tanks mounted with weaponry and machine guns and deal agreed between ankara and washington in june as meant turkish and u.s. troops have been holding joint patrols in mumbai.