middle ages. florence genoa and venice were constantly at war which cost them dearly. to pay for those wars sovereigns borrowed from prominent family first government bonds were traded paying interest. those prominence creditor families founded the first italian banks that started lending a lot of money to european markets who were caught up in endless wars. most often the bankers were worried by the warlike rulers an easy way of getting rid of debt one that would be used for centuries. at the time governments had power over creditors only much later would that balance of power be reversed.

after the second world war in one nine hundred forty five america's marshall plan granted thirteen billion u.s. dollars in aid to europe's industrialized countries. exceptional growth followed and the thirty years after the war were good so good that they were known as the economic miracle in germany and the glorious thirty and france business was brisk industry was in full swing and the growth of consumption was spectacular. so he quit the polytone don't use it on grow his basically put it to school august i'm suited for humanly move be doable dyslexia will be uncool so much your merry go

round machine and if we were to do our off a component on volume phenomena or goes to show the doc opportunity would be phenomenal in bungay us you didn't resign i wanted probably was that i was phenomenal cause it's all in there on time the b.b. was an image will be a few miles that iraq will be buried. in croissants. by the end of the postwar boom in the early one nine hundred seventy s. government debt in europe was a great called lows thanks to growth and inflation but the economic machine would soon be upset by two major events. good evening on august fifteenth one thousand nine hundred seventy one richard nixon the president of the united states his coffers had been emptied of their gold reserves by the vietnam war announced a staggering measure that would drastically change the world economy. and the

dollar against the speculators. i directed secretary connally to suspend temporarily the combat ability of the dollar into gold or other reserve assets except in amounts and conditions determined to be in the interest of monitoring ability and in the best interest of the united states. but it was not a temporary measure at all the u.s. president definitively kept the fixed relationship between the dollar and gold. the donor became a floating currency like every other currency a round the world. all the currencies of the world that were either tied to the u.s. dollar of the british pound by nine hundred seventy one we're now pure fee at currencies they're not backed by anything they're just backed by the confidence that people have in those currencies. abandonment of the gold standard cleared the way for significant currency market speculation. the free circulation of capital on

international markets intensified it was the beginning of a period of great financial instability. yet. two years later in one nine hundred seventy three another major event occurred the first oil crisis. in one year the price of crude oil soared going from two to six dollars about my. normal necessity to be going to meet. the dude who could be taller or to administer guns i could use it on this subject don't include me i'm sure before the middle you go to miter and saying that democracy would set up a financial support him and no one knows them and that their knowledge will not be pretty big color boozer. comedy block long and pretty exact monem shoes put it to.

a sudden increase in the price of oil weighed heavily on the world economy. put the brakes on growth. production costs went up prices went up. inflation is skyrocketing. high inflation has a major drawback it impoverishes savers and investors since their money depreciates . for government inflation became a new enemy to be defeated at all cost. children overall can also move on would have wrestled a brief federal sat at all those are the five always elitists no yeah follow easy late class will this no see you for valley going to me community you really are out there seek over the andris around you cause i said i used to are classic kids don't

call me a serial if i was eagleman and gone by gar on credit during the debate you feel silly it put you to such an icon by the convo oppa like you they are year to dish while much other fast your much of the money for today are see. but bill addicted to the kills you simply did before are welcome don it can go years it is on top when i recall some of if there are so many to not exist before or is it an economy to defeat it on a cyclical season was when to go to make it up it will moan that it is always under an economy with a monitor fault which is additional lies or try to put in for a job has got to be that the developer is to good at it can do pretty good continue that. noble but done. i don't know not honestly yelling. completely as you would have knows.

now when we let it be weeks on a back to the out of pocket would be the kimosabe on the day. if you didn't know but starting in the one nine hundred eighty s. the industrialized countries began to borrow heavily on the international market after which their public debt would never stop increasing. margaret thatcher became prime minister in the u.k. and ronald reagan president and the united states it was the advent of neo liberalism and economic doctrine that also spread throughout europe. governments everywhere were lowering taxes privatizing public assets these would be the years of easy money. stock markets expanded wall street in new york

the city in london. on both sides of the atlantic governments deregulated bank credit unchecked capital flows moved through markets worldwide. by deregulating and liberalizing those governments became dependent on financial markets which by then were an inescapable part of the economic system. the debt machine was taking shape nearly everyone went into debt governments businesses and individuals. the economic system had turned into a machine for creating debt. and the banks got rich on the interest paid by borrowers. credit became the primary fuel for growth but how does credit work. banks possess any a small amount of the money they lend money is created by private banks on

a simple request for credit and a promise of repayment. the sum is a raised as soon as the loan is repaid that is a huge thing it's how we've always created money from the beginning and it's a wonderful thing if you have a banking system that can create credit like that is a very good thing. because it means you can create finance in a crisis you can bail out a.i.g. you could finance climate change you could you can finance a war and that's how we've always done this the public hasn't understood that the public thinks that money comes from me working hard if you know for us you know during the soil working hard and at the end of the month i am money. a lot wrong bali bomb of it so the way that i'm going to be also the renewably a lot of them too complex going to feel is going to bury the view.

void that with a billion people rule i believe it lives a little more loans from me to the please do nope wardle little lot rocketed the. city. usually. the order of a new limply with. three body belongs to three body peace also two no go on peace also two no dollars. on this persona for example if you. it's a lot on him to tell a soul economical lover but he's good to put to the point to document or to dilute economy manassas on if you lost it going to do to look good on the central banks produce five percent of the credit in the world the private banks produce or create art of the net ninety five percent of the credit in the world and they have no virtually no regulation over that now what kayla's argued in the one nine hundred thirty s. was. we must manage this process it can create vast bubbles of debt it can go out

of control. the nine hundred twenty nine wall street crash in the united states prompted the british economist john maynard keynes to warn politicians the credit machine needs to be controlled to benefit all of society not just speculators. when we managed the financial system between one thousand nine hundred five and one nine hundred seventy one there was not a single financial crisis anywhere in the world and then in one nine hundred seventy one the bankers lobbied and they said no no no we don't need controls you know the market will discipline us we will blah blah blah and we began to lift all these regulations and crises began one after the other first at the periphery and then in a coup. one

thousand nine hundred nine saw the birth of the euro and the european central bank had been created to ensure its stability. at the time global growth was strong the level of public debt was starting to decline europe was breathing easy. confident financial markets lent generously to governments and the weakest economies spain greece italy portugal suddenly had access to loans a very low interest rates close to those available to germany. that low cost financial windfall was an economic boost all was well well out.

meanwhile in the united states america's housing bubble was expanding and in two thousand and seven the subprime crisis struck thousands of homeowners lost their homes they had taken out loans with interest rates that rose sharply and they found themselves unable to make their mortgage payments many banks were in danger on september fifteenth two thousand and eight. one of the largest u.s. investment banks collapsed because they live on. a phenomenal speculative surfin most because the. present so that your couscous a posse of honestly didn't want was there so give you the present with

a piece don't let. them continue. if a few more on to see lay dead good with the prison predict it on play. is good. for it could be done it. because it is good for poppy it is surprising us that in a while the reason. they don't is all they want to have in the coming over all the time is develop. ok probably also on our ration the sequel is commercial good i took up so i did a fade to disagree go on this is what is on it would suggest that the other animals . after the fall of lehman brothers european banks with close links to american banks risked bankruptcy in turn. governments only just managed to save them in order to

avoid the collapse of the whole system. and on and off a separate issue one a suture that are keeping no bond to god you have to prove the devil rip it is actually take you on to the proof. of proof dog bridges three hundred preform food near proven food in a prison guards in prison going to prison on a system if it is was. in spain and in ireland after the advent of the euro and thanks to loans from german french and british private banks developers invested heavily in real estate . and a big don't need to back order to the good meaty danny and the rest by now are costly to say or bought back to on the can on. their nose morgan old labors while.

speaker live on our own nuffin to do blair in gabby douglas the shift in new york on one dot. com you loudly grandma you guardedly booklet when i've been ordered a book where bad not bad why are. it in sybil eight let the ski said cadre back they better not go to a salad bar. the movie yet you see it lit it up. nor you don't want to go on fellows for the sympathy or so-called of sector if you don't do you want on that last program i when i did the drum or gas i got hard at the helm or to play better at subi but maybe on bach if you know he also can face a cost that he'd been did indeed p.v. equal the only lever do conventional mass that you want offered i did people.

a lot again solid being controlled by. that it's tremendous from the potential in canada he was determined to come could use a little at the point of sword to avenge its people slaughtered eighty eighty years he smashes the frankish ali captures the king of jerusalem he sees is the true cross and this is the great military victory the crusades an arab perspective episode three unification of this time on a just. one of the really special things about working for al-jazeera is that even as a camera woman i get to have so much empathy and contribution to a story i feel we cover this region better than anyone else working for us as you know it's very challenging liberally but the good because you have a lot of people that are divided on political issues we are we the people we live to tell the real stories are just mended is to deliver in-depth journalism we don't feel inferior to the audience across the globe. water an

essential resource for all humankind across europe pressure to recognise water as a human right and put its management back into public hands is increasing i think that the european commission would be very very. water privatization on anybody is the only kids. those people who see every two years something to invest the profit of the one dollar up to the last drop on al-jazeera. hello again i'm fully back to bill with the headlines on al-jazeera donald trump has asked congressional leaders to return to the white house on friday after both sides failed to reach a deal to end the partial government shutdown the u.s.

president is refusing to buy gentilly gets funding for his war along the mexico border the democrats say trump couldn't give them a credible reason to continue the shutdown the only reason that they are shutting down the government is very simple they want to try and leverage that shutdown into their proposals on home on border security we have we want strong border security we believe ours are better but to use the shutdown as hostage which they had no argument against is wrong at least thirty one people are dead after days of intense fighting between two northern syria al qaeda linked fighters in turkey banks rebel forces are blaming each other for stopping the violence in and aleppo provinces meanwhile president trump has described syria's war as sand and death while defending his decision to

withdraw u.s. troops from the country still hasn't provided a timetable for the military exit he announced last month against the advice of his defense chiefs. brazilian stocks have hits record highs after new president jay devotes a narrow took office his government's announce a major policy overhaul including a move expected to lessen protection of the amazon the agriculture ministry is now in charge of deciding which parts of the rain forest should be set aside for native groups in what's been seen as a victory for business. the boss of apple has partly blamed war with china for missing out on billions of dollars worth of business tim cook warned of lower than expected earnings for the first quarter of this year old source citing weak a demand from china and a chinese spacecraft has made history by landing on the far side of the moon the probe could offer insights into the moon's origins and evolution getting to the

dark side of the moon is key to what the chinese president calls his dream to join in even lead the world space race. those are the headlines on al-jazeera debt machine continues next here do stay with this.

the two thousand and eight financial crisis threaten to completely disrupt the global financial system governments made the choice to bail out big banks and to rescue troubled economies after you move to get on. to make a movie so that you play borg posse go to some really striking be pascoe see. the modern economy. it's a club law doesn't put extraordinary extraordinary even. the fairly back.

if you all see the proof to the petty and ample to the drama. talks are about. a last good sign up of a. school bet lead. back as you know excelled in their past abuse again first. to the media. she's be a. little she's a little. bit communal don't she. ask you call it a sis do p.c. signals c c c that is milby really label q.q. pretty. close if you pretty see if you can roll a new will function and will bless the debunker tapos you couldn't get. if

governments had to bail out the banks it was because they could not be allowed to fail since those banks are us they are the accounts of millions of citizens we are caught in the debt machine. the economic crisis and the government bailouts of the banks led to a spectacular increase in public debt in iraq the deck machine spiraled out of control. the first country to declare bankruptcy was greece in november two thousand and nine. the newly elected prime minister george papandreou revealed the real figures that had been hidden by the previous governments greek public debt had reached one hundred twenty nine percent of g.d.p.

well above the sixty percent threshold set by the master treaty. he asked for help from europe and. now you do. that there is most. in that it will be easy to make and is most images. you know reason. that announcement was like a bolt of lightning strike in europe. the german chancellor weighed in on the question of didn't mind. the day off we did so called and obama is now in one of those i've worked on so i've learned to get in line for a long long last year of so-called and for tots not the common theme isn't always the mothers of a movie and i loved all of them all along with their lives even being online for the see him and him of you don't he. was commonly used as one of us.

in one thousand nine hundred two the master treaty set out the terms for e.u. integration it forbade the european central bank from bailing out indebted countries would european governments respect these terms would they guarantee greece's debt should part of it be restructured or cancelled or should they help greece pay its creditors the heads of state could not reach an agreement as europe hesitated and markets speculated on the greek debt confidence collapse the fear was that if greece restructured its debt. might the markets pullback from spain from italy from la belle froths and might not europe bring upon itself the catastrophe that it so wish to avoid and therefore the argument was it is far better to give greece all the money it needs to repay its

indebtedness than to run the risk that the market would perceive a sovereign restructuring in europe. as infectious as contagious. only after six long months of crisis europe finally decide its bite resistance from germany to lend greece enough to pay its creditors. a smaller one of it has you broke a new dog today on duty like i said a baton logged as one zero zero zero overpass unclear cement in his eye fell on i could problem in europe i would eclipse to rub it off because it you know pretty near by you comment unless it be your bell on this you did this looking as you know we do listen as we know it would dislocate if not it is that last year it appeared hope or beg your point of call me you know number one our own data to all of us can

one copy just a glare do or dip in it immediately. said brought it out i get it off it just go say so they did that or via keep the soup's they do at a kiosk the p.v. booth. as you say if you ask about it not one euro of debt has been written down in these years what has changed is the identity of the creditor so money was owed to bondholders in two thousand and ten it's now on to the i.m.f. in the e.u. . if you can solve a debt crisis simply by changing the identity of the creditor and then this one is solved. being in debt isn't only about owing money it's also about being in the wrong is the financial data but also a psychological debt that weighs just as heavily on the inhabitants of the indebted

country. debt and. kind of double jeopardy. it leaves you lulu poor comma or did you it does seek out insult to decrease your. oh not distant finis job us. says if one day i want to keep ability economy. just because i happen to live in greece somehow i'm a sinner i'm a bad person because of some political acts done by political representatives of one kind or another. therefore it's ok for people to have their lives destroyed it's ok for people to have to pick through garbage and not have anything to eat it's ok for cancer patients to be denied medicine if we're ever going to have

morality in the world we need to absolutely reject that logic if there's individuals responsible hold them responsible but don't hold a college to very responsible for the deeds of. to resolve the greek debt crisis the e.u. granted financial assistance in exchange it imposed a draconian austerity program the country was placed under stewardship and lost part of its sovereignty it was placed under surveillance by the troika the three delegates of the european commission the european central bank and the international monetary fund. other over indebted countries in the euro zone will be controlled by the troika in turn and subjected to similar was thirty five which. which. was.

the sound of those protests reached all the way to brussels the troika had become a thorn so much so that the european parliament held a special session about the troika exactions national and european m.p.'s questioned european leaders use us they cannot be many ups you may be years. to program others will be violent there's the lover but all of that other stuff we give us is that i ask them oh yeah it could it because i'm sure there's the decrease. yet if we asked again i got this theory said the bestseller throwing the young of the troika a lover then. you know more p.c. care for. yet the message. valid only mazzy

we have here upon this you stop probably my two heroes here to promote the cause then i want to go. in parliament in portuguese in parliament in spanish in parliament in evolution parliament even its not so and above our time would start before mine and democratic shall you do about your own guns the need. of the program a d.v.r. . and all of the guns under fire go. up that's about to be a decent program in courts with the language the valan. that's a lobed i am absolutely confident sure that if greek did not implement the program the situation will be much worse today i am convinced of that you have these experiences to try to put on sense no we cease to sense what. it means look stuff up reasons that us yes could put

a woman to susan. is the deficit because well it is the. contrails. it was sent up but if area nor. not so we go mia. you open it up to predict which of. you is a disappointment the austerity programs were poorly implemented and poorly explained people came to resent you would start to look like an uncompassionate taskmaster all over the continent there was increasing support for nationalist parties anti finance and euro skeptic parties were gaining ground in melbourne if you have been

willing to do their own of their own good for i'll be very happy that the very last resort alan liberated europe from the monster of brussels nuno and who meant we should. we can see reaction to the liberalization of fright finance just as we saw it in the one nine hundred twenty s. and it's going to be ugly it will ready is ugly it's ugly in greece it's ugly in france it's ugly you know in many parts of the world where people are saying if my government went look after my interests if my government will not arrange for my young people to have employment then i will look for a strong man who will do that for me who will give me security and give my children employment security and i don't care what sort of strong manatees if he's a fascist i don't care if he promises to secure the stability of my life and my people i will vote for him i think that's where we are heading and i don't think our leaders have the vision to understand that the threat that we face. what are

the solutions have. curd europe curb the debt machine what mechanisms can a g.c. . put in place on inflation as other countries do. little as you know jamie almost without it jimmy are probably almost out of it somehow always has little on the for one of us here at the investor that out for me said out it don't go best is cool with it would be obvious that they saw it would years back thank god we said and i'm sure as best adora do now at the base here. should i get your misandry programs likely to make a fortune for the price coffee yet as you know that a book a minute then i guess that your duty to charge the poor of our boom for the number two place and a capacity you know the horses that it. following

world war two french and german debt was two to three times higher than it is today but inflation literally absorbed it. only but to their normal lives who go locally people cause disease them the key until this is all that it is just in them and they could be. eliminated week almost one year old as you know and. don't know the war but harmony come on the first and the first i want to. put on more do so legally ma. this is your strawman twenty seconds from polluting. your dogs in this give me diana hardware on their voyage in mark two experts here not be homeschooled soft as ice under linux. on this week committee politicked are

in league and in order to understand we are only. needed someone so on the server i'm sure and so into naman i meant to have three to sign with an outdoor highs does the s. bahn is again mention of word he has sinned does it end in via touch on the he a guilt ridden oil wife must all be mousing react there must be mention arm this condition of cover to politics and mention on some. tilt to the bank named to see the hologram and emerald number. less a closer look at the euro money. the strong euro benefits the countries of northern europe but penalizes those of the south. is the european union going to fall apart would gross return in reverse the trend. is for it hook how are her duties to

kwara go. video that you form at the police officers that downloaded off it was also yen says quote f. it said on the nanny who are in class ask him why and sit on it if i had to do pull saw or that you saw that it looked out the bruce don't see maggi name go i think i cross off i had to let it off and said i've explored all across all of us on the docket don't so much about you know suppose go on. ski fulfill all of us the phone says give for when you want with the nestle's up dubious going to his duty but i don't suppose he did go over an illiterate in that sleazy focus. this was on paul saul so as to do it all more and to live in gritty. but do gay bullied gleg seaport is a moment to secure their asses on both sides sill bookham know it's a good little hope gandhi said the food left it so if you need there's

a limit. to have a monetary union work effectively. what happens is that the more efficient regions or in the case of the eurozone countries become even more efficient and wealthier the poorer regions or less efficient regions become poorer and less efficient. italy south was industrializing until the country unified and in the end eight hundred sixty s. and seventy's and once that happened if you are an italian investor in the south why would you invest money in the south when you can earn more money by putting your savings in milan. or investing it in the north of italy so the south became steadily poorer so what are the italians have to do they had to get always and they still doing it had to send money to the south regularly not lend money but give

grants. and in the old days they had the big gossipy metal door the funds for southern italy which paid out tens of billions of dollars over a century i mean of the endless payments that have been needed the wealthier provinces have to send money to the poor provinces not lend money send it. but there is a catch the master treaty stipulates that each country must manage its debt. europe is far from being a case of union. and yet in two thousand and twelve for the first time the president of the european central bank the e.c.b. took action. the euro is irreversible we will do whatever it takes we lean our monday night within our mandate to have

a single monetary policy in your area in two mundane prize the million euro area and to preserve the. i don't tend to need to lose or i don't know who need just because you know pretty well and i had i knew plenty lebanese you even here it would be even exist apart the push to be did dissociate with the gift khamenei libby lesser know more but torn that box on high up in gesture to actually be there as an old us with our situation lucian or small maxima to keep precisely what i don't know even exist about me as you all talk about what i most want hi all been do dishes on her litany in a span left one way to move i don't remember to not hear it when it bad when i'm asked if you know the dentist in atlanta if you're more on talk about sato up in jordan i said. what about simply writing off the debt.

cancellation can be done to preserve the social order because we don't transform it most revolutions involve cancellation of doubts ironically german prosperity now is based on the cancellation of german that's after world war two it seems very ironic that the german public is absolutely unwilling to even renegotiate debts of countries like greece calling them that centers when in fact all that for cancelled after world war two and it was that freedom. which actually made the german economic boom. the recovery let it sit on their hands any political one. because if it landed it dead go by let the air via a surrogate is ricky better you will see that you're about the one all of you is what we are this was about one global act truly does not mean millions of all day

do my go to again is obvious what i said but he did i say go out of office or be our boss said vance i post on the so my go deep of others will be added before i believe it was said this wasn't possible so mike it as we will check any good ass out at it establishes ascii art that look it was well look it is having a dog lose a good a good republican that i did he last year so i vaguely of gap was good as likable people eat like they'd be so haley bad apples are about he was a member of let me get rid. of it not succeed you still have to search for the put you be put on a good leg ice and do not lose all the leg that is due to be bruised don't do as you called him for truly getting but he is going to use them he's going to let anybody have a you ill yet he can travel to new list if you want to be bob noble to support him

six wrong leg is two thirds of us are. good men best cure is you she. is wrong we don't fall over years from part of illusionist you need to be in vogue for certain knowledge among a lot of the exist as ilagan eyes to see if there were a system he used if just any i'll pass on about on and don't include innocent he's guilty fucked and they've been sued dimity the western pa care damage done is what he put it quote move the list person is one of. the e.u. has long been powerless against tax evasion switzerland austria and luxemburg have always championed bank secrecy the e.u. has taken action requiring increased transparency. if you know. what i thought of it you know what. it's for him at. someone in the project if. joe for the world is

a good he's going to work on the don't disturb the body don't teach to get off this he did love me or not joyce on his own for me dharmas a look around and i don't know it more popular. than all the little that mischa all of newmont but it is the longer we're going to cause we monitor with all the economy getting more external. to do the democrates you see the view that he a grave you don't look at p. diddy's read clip of you know and she said bouncing off but only when the other room is a real good on plutons of his property or there's no need to do up to do what you want to keep ability to learn i bet you don't do well such as you going to music increases to do so should. today date the economy and finance an ever present global reality we are all caught in the debt machine the debt its grip and its dictator have insinuated themselves into our work our

relationships and our lives. only time will tell if we can actually afford this must a seventh relationship today. hello i have a little good news for afghanistan wanting rain release no time on the of this summer's wait is this streaming cloud the start of it if you like which looks like nothing very much but it is indeed an easy brought rain and the picture says a daytime is more a developing the eastern med might show itself on the coast of lebanon but the existing stuff is really quite heavy that's the euphrates and tigris valley there on the high ground in western iran snow tires of course and then the cloud ahead of it where it really just precedes this rain should spread across iraq and show itself on higher ground in afghanistan as ground is rain if you're lucky probably

the first decent dam pull this winter at the same time the next storm system has affected turkey more than you or else mr showing itself in the fall to syria maybe lebanon snow tight of course it's fine to the south of that and the breeze temporarily has changed direction so for the arabian peninsula it's a southerly which brings dust and a bit more warmth to bahrain qatar this part of saudi arabia probably nothing in the way of class to speak of then the wind changed direction to a bit of a northerly wouldn't twenty three into her for example but also the wind will bring clean air less in the way of dust it is of course dry everywhere. whether online i want to start here on my laptop with a tweet or if you join us on sat there was a rush of adrenaline will be felt this is the moment that we have been waiting for

this is a dialogue the government has cool face i need to protest i'll start to police to use force to disperse the crowds everyone has a voice and for votes and lots of different reasons what's different types of bricks join the global conversation on al-jazeera. al-jazeera where ever you are. but i don't want to be in syria forever. it's sad and it's death. but will come defends his decision to pull u.s. troops out of syria despite an upsurge in fighting between rebel groups.

books and while this is also a long small headquarters here in doha also coming up the u.s. government shutdown so to continue into the new year to congressional leaders failed to reach an agreement on the cold war. we hear from members of the youth movement accused of causing election violence in bangladesh. and over the moon a chinese rover becomes the first to land on the fall side of the ending the surface. welcome to the program that president truman powers described syria's war on sound and death while defending his decision to withdraw u.s. troops from the country speaking at a cabinet meeting on wednesday didn't provide a timetable for the military exit he announced last month the advise of his defense

chiefs but he did say he wants to protect kurdish people in the north of the country trumps being accused of abandoning the kurdish one p.g. have been key allies in the fight against eisel i never said fast or slow i think if you want but if somebody said four months but i didn't i didn't say that either i'm getting out we're getting out of syria look. we don't want syria obama gave up syria years ago when he didn't violate the red line i did when i shot fifty nine missiles at. but that was a long time later so syria was lost long ago it was lost long ago and besides that i don't want we're talking about sand and death that's what we're talking about what but we want to protect the kurds nevertheless we want to protect the courage but i don't want to be in syria forever it's sad and it's death

at least thirty one people are dead after days of intense fighting between two armed groups in northern syria the clashes happening in parts of aleppo. now al qaeda linked fighters i'm talking about rebel forces are blaming each other for starting the violence it's the worst fighting in this part of the country in three months joins me now from god's intent on the turkey syria border our correspondent there comments will sort of raise eyebrows surely and calls calls to nation in some areas but only really confirms that there's a new strategy is of long term understanding of the u.s. strategic needs its goals its alliances that it needs for the region. yes indeed in the last two weeks old school we have moved from a quick withdrawal of us possibly with thirty days to a withdrawal within thirty to sixty days again and then we had one hundred twenty days. in the in the past forty eight hours are now no timetable out

all of course this is confusion within the patsies. in syria who are fighting other terrorist elements the united states is not unknown in two thousand and two hundred troops they also french troops and troops from other countries who are taking part in trying to clear any of them until. they hold some they have a vested interest in knowing when the u.s. will actually withdrawal because they need to plumb for the vacuum bottle been left of course they use nato ally turkey which had agreed with from their would be doing the rest of the what is left of the drop of creating. and now. the president of the united states is saying we don't know when we're living and then again there's the cottage issue where their y.p. have been according to the u.s.

officials the most reliant full flow coming in right in the war against odds so they have sold them on them under the bus the day to the extent they have to shift alliances and invite the city and on full system come on them for the potential. of on the city of mumbai so a lot of confusion here and. continue. worrying many in the region just bring us up to speed on. what we're hearing about not just in aleppo but also in italy. yes. set in west on the left hole. between. which is. affiliated. the clutches of course between them on. rebels syrian rebels allied to turkey the free syrian army hospital over to it

which is the last remaining opposition stronghold in the part of syria of course. the fighting according to the free syrian army was started when the al qaeda affiliates started an offensive against them and so far we can confirm that they have taken the town of is that and a few villages around it of course this is part of the shifting sands we're seeing after the announcement of the u.s. withdrawal from syria of course. turkey having promised to clear any of them and all so-called terrorist groups haass its sights also on the higher than the head of the shah also known as yes. all these now is showing that. they had. according to all fishel spawn's to create a wage war divide between turkey's rebels in there in

aleppo as well as the ones in our city and to be able to continue staying where they are and their strongholds of course. through the day thanks mohammed. so much the u.s. now where the president has asked congressional leaders to return to the white house on friday after both sides failed to reach a deal to end the partial government shutdown president trump says he's prepared to let the shutdown go on indefinitely unless he gets funding to build a wall on the border with mexico returns a report from washington d.c. . the garbage cans were overflowing outside the white house on the twelfth day of the partial government shutdown inside the president had convened his full cabinet to extol the virtues of his wall and blame the democrats for a budget impasse with donald trump and said he would take full responsibility for just a few weeks earlier. i will be the one to shut it down i'm not going to blame you for it he then spoke to the press and though to be said he was now insisting on five point six billion dollars for the wall not even the two point five billion for

a barrier but the white house had offered democrats as a compromise once the shutdown began. this. could be a long time and it could be quickly could be a long time it's it's too important a subject to walk away from later in the afternoon the democratic leadership made its way to the white house for the first direct talks with the president in weeks however this was organized as a border security briefing by department of homeland security officials not as a negotiation clearly the president was continuing to frame the shutdown as a failure of democrats to understand what he says is an emergency at the southern border even as illegal border crossings are at historic lows and after the meeting the democrats said their plans have not changed they are now feeling the heat it is not helping the president it is not helping the republicans to be the owners of the shutdown well as a president to open up government we are giving him

a republican path to do that why would he not deal with incoming house speaker nancy pelosi has made it clear that she intends to pass several bills in the house on thursday to reopen the government with one point three billion dollars for border security but no funding for troops wolf but to end the shutdown the senate will need to post those bills as well and the republican leadership there says it has no intention of even debasing them as i've said consistently for the last two weeks. the senate will not waste is considering a democratic bill which cannot pass this chamber and which the president will not the president didn't receive five billion dollars for the wall when republicans controlled both houses of congress now the power is split that goal seems who but impossible more talks are being planned for friday. washington. the us congress and starts its new to us national statements will become party will

have a slightly larger senate majority but democrats will be in charge of the house of representatives and is also in jordan reports the priorities will be a challenge to trump on many levels new year new session of congress the public's expectations of success are high the american public is so much more engaged than they normally are they are paying attention to politics they're not just letting things happen after the november elections the republicans retain control of the senate but it's the democrats who now run the house their ranks are younger more liberal more ethnically diverse and filled with many more women. they want to check president don't trump policies and to pass legislation of their own immigration reform investigating saudi arabia's ties to the us and expanding health care coverage. but first ending the federal government shutdown how dangerous is this

and why we need a war president trump wants up to five billion dollars for a border wall between the u.s. and mexico and he says he won't reopen the government unless he gets that money democrats say they won't give the president money for anyone that means eight hundred thousand federal workers aren't being paid and a variety of federal services are not available until further notice the president seems to be stuck on a wall or barrier or whatever it is that he's calling it but i think they've given him plenty of options plenty of ways to open the government president trouble owns the shutdown he is the person who said that he was going to shut down the government he needs to go away from an impractical wall and we're going to reopen the government break up a kind of gridlock reading the members of the one hundred sixteenth congress their first chance to show the public that they can solve the most difficult of political problems rosalyn jordan al-jazeera washington. it was u.s.

astronaut neil armstrong who made history when he said that's one small step for man one giant leap for mankind becoming the first person to step foot on the moon now almost fifty years later it's china making moon history it's landed a spacecraft on the far side of the moon the first time approaches ever been sent. before could offer insights into the origins and evolution getting to the dark side of the moon was key to what the chinese president has called his space dream to join in even need the world's space race now the historic landing really demonstrates china's ambitions to catch up with the u.s. and russia to become a major space power by twenty thirty it's often called the dark side of the moon because it can't be seen from previous spacecraft have seen it before from a distance trying to probe carried a rover with it and it's right now getting to work studying the moon's terrain and it'll eventually.