at the hotel people who live in post didn't seem very very all that by it i mean the rain and the waves in the wind were much stronger than usual but there was a sense that this was even though this was unusual this was something that they could very well cope with and their worst fears have not come true we drove around the island and seen really very little damage the worst affected areas really seemed to be. where these tropical storm made landfall on friday off but even it was just the reports that we're getting is that dozens of houses were damaged power supplies were interrupted temporarily because electricity poles fell but as i said loss of lives have been kept at a minimum here and thanks very much. still to come here on al-jazeera taking on brazil's criminal gangs the new president sends troops to contain violence in the northeast plus. iraq but bryde on the south korean island just twelve kilometers from north korea's guns where people are hoping talk of peace has silence them

a good. get a welcome back here in a national weather forecast well plenty of weather here across much of the eastern and southeastern parts of europe we have several weather systems talk about first of all down here towards the south several weather systems are making their way through parts of greece turkey as well as into the black sea and that's bringing a combination of winds rain and snow to many of these locations as well as this other system making its way from the north across the central and eastern part of europe this is going to bring plenty of snow across much of that area and then when we go from saturday to sunday a big drop in temperature for many locations out here we're going from above average to below average and below zero for many of those locations with warsaw only reaching a high of about minus four degrees there well that same weather system is going to

cause a big problem here across much of the eastern mediterranean winds rain across much of this area is going to be lasting for several days are here on saturday anywhere from tripoli been gazi all the way over here towards cairo even over here towards parts of the middle east we are going to be seeing some very windy as well as rainy conditions and we can't rule out the possibility of flooding this could be happening particularly out here towards the east but still more wins in the forecast for the temperature there are fourteen degrees triply about fifteen tunis clouds in your forecast as well as rain we do expect to see a temperature of sixteen. capturing a moment in time. snapshots of other lives. other stories . providing a glimpse into someone else's world. inspiring documentaries from impassioned filmmakers. with nace

documentaries to open your eyes on al-jazeera. welcome if you're just joining us you're watching al-jazeera live from. these are your headlines so far today president donald trump says the partial u.s. government shutdown could last more than a year if he doesn't get funding for a wall along the border with mexico he's threatening to use emergency powers to build it if congress doesn't meet his demands. the u.s. says it doesn't believe saudi arabia's version of the murder of the journalist the u.s. secretary of state might pompei it will continue to push the saudis for answers when

he visits riyadh next week. thailand's first tropical storm in thirty years one person has rain wind and surging seawater uprooted trees and downed power lines it's now we can to a tropical depression thousands of people have been left homeless. venezuela has accused the u.s. a plotting with a regional bloc to overthrow president nicolas maduro his government more than a dozen foreign ministers from latin america and canada have said they won't recognize me as president if he's sworn in for a second term next week the lima group says elections in may weren't credible and he's calling for power to be transferred to the national assembly until a free vote can be held. in republic of venezuela expresses great bewilderment at the extravagant declaration of a group of countries of the american continent which are receiving instructions from the united states through video conference have agreed to encourage

a coup to. stay with that story mary and sanchez now from. the foreign ministers of the fourteen countries members of the. decided not to recognize. next president to take over again on january. not transparent it didn't have any opponents and it didn't have any international observers. today. officials from the government will not be allowed to enter any of the member countries it was expected in the last few weeks that at least. would break diplomatic relations with. foreign minister said that they are increasingly worried about the humanitarian and political situation in. foreign minister said the countries urged.

not to take office again. while staying in south america brazil's new president is sending troops to the northeastern state. in a bid to crack down on violent gangs that crime was one of his key campaign pledges it's already facing an early test however after forty tourists were robbed at gunpoint a popular hiking trail in rio de janeiro. story. it is presumed most iconic landmark christ the redeemer towers. are seen by many as a symbol of peace but the trail leading up to it. has become known for violent crimes dozens have been ambushed held hostage gunpoint tourists think twice about visiting the scene and. they've advised us that

tourists were robbed yesterday so we didn't hike up we have our camera so we didn't go i didn't want to go because the people there did forty people and it's a little bit scary as a tourist you want to be safe you want to go you don't want to miss your cell phone your camera. it's not the first incident the area was closed. the trail runs close to a fan at all city slum that is home to some of the poorest in the city. many say that is a run by drug gangs and criminal organizations rising violence and read the janeiro has impacted the number of visitors in two thousand and seventeen there was a reported loss of more than two hundred million dollars interest in revenue j.-a both scenarios swept to power on a promise to crack down on crime and corruption to fulfill his promise he sending three hundred soldiers to the northeastern state of seattle to contain violence by

criminal gangs for the national force has already been contacted the mobilization plan is in action and is about to leave scenes like this in not unusual in brazil's northeastern state there's been a wave of attacks in the previous few months that's included armed robberies and the targeting of public buildings and banks brazil has one of the highest murder rates in the world with tens of thousands killed every year both in our has vowed to take action but arming civilians experts say this will only fuel further violence. laura birdman lead al-jazeera. the united states has deployed eighty military staff to gabble on a disputed after a disputed presidential election in nearby democratic republic of congo president trump says the troops will support the security of u.s. citizens and personnel in case of violent demonstrations full initial election results are expected on sunday the counting is still underway but the three main

candidates of all declared they won the vote catholic bishops fielded the biggest group of election observers they say there is a clear winner and they're demanding that accurate results be declared the u.n. security council met behind closed doors to discuss the vote. intimidation and harassment against journalists opposition candidates and human rights defenders continues to take place. and this being a very sensitive as i said very tense period we are concerned that these efforts to silence dissent could backfire considerably when the results are announced and we are watching carefully and we are calling on all sides to refrain from the use of violence speculation is mounting about an historic visit to south korea by the north korean leader kim jong il improving relations are having a marked impact on the heavily fortified border that separates north and south korea correspondent rob mcbride traveled to yongpyong island a short distance from the north korean mainland from its observation points you can

clearly make out the coastline of north korea just twelve kilometers away and at times of extreme tension young pealing island has found itself in the sights of north korea's guns eight years ago it was the scene of an artillery jewel that killed four people and wounded nineteen others the most serious clash since the korean war. today the same waterfront is that peace following a year of diplomatic engagement between the leaders of north and south korea. for many of the two thousand people who live and work here things have never looked so good even until things should improve for better kim jong un wants out sort of. given that must feel free conciliation things will improve you know but the fractious history of into korean relations makes others more cautious talking.

with their track record and it's possible that they might change in any predictable way so i don't have complete trust. today the only sound of gunfire comes from the firing ranges of the marines who are based here the shelters that people are taught to run to when the event of an attack are chain didn't locked one of the houses destroyed in the attack has been preserved as a memorial the disputed maritime border has long been a flashpoint between north and south korea in addition to the shelling of twenty ten there have been deadly clashes between naval vessels near here but the remarkable improvement in into korean relations in the past year is having a remarkable impact on the heavily fortified border separating the north and the south. guard posts along the demilitarized zone have been dismantled and the

numbers of weapons facing off against each other reduced. assuming the process continues the fortifications of young killing island could eventually become part of a bygone era rob mcbride al-jazeera young people island south korea hundreds of police have been deployed in melbourne australia where far right groups rallying against crimes they blame on people of african descent the activists are meeting at the populace and killed the beach for what they call a discussion of melbourne's huge crime problem a counter-demonstration was held by a group supporting multiculturalism cap in over as more from that rally in melbourne. well demonstrators here in melbourne are on the move in the beachside suburb of st kilda police have been trying to keep the two sides apart far right nationalist on one side and pro multiculturalism groups on the other the far right

groups said they came out to protest what they said is a spike in african crime on the beaches there have been more reports of violent crime here in melbourne and there's been a lot of focus in the media on african australian groups for the other side say it's not fair to paint the entire community with the same brush and they say they have come out here in support of immigration and of the african australian community. the donkey could soon become an endangered species in northern nigeria hundreds of sold in rural markets every week with a growing demand for their meat and their hides but that interest reports now from dundon my one m.p. is pushing for a new law to protect the remaining stock. these animals are heading to the market it's such in that most of them will end up on someone's dinner table and the heights processed for export locals say the rush for the beast is driving the numbers down. but all the dealers are bothered about is price drop.

the fall maybe because of lack of money but the fact is you don't see. what the park is do money is not in principle at all. he says there are thousands in the wild where he gets some of his stock. forty don't use are sold of every week in this rural market on average what prices ranging from fifty to one hundred fifty dollars per head. in northern nigeria a long commute is not the many but the highs are valuable to traders who come here to buy and with more and more donkeys being killed there but it's having been done by the elderly because younger people have moved to cities to find what. former owners such as muhammad more to regret they sold their animals. the life is tough without it don't you get used to the help you get from. old people like me are used

to living with them that's our source of transportation. a member of parliament who says the animals may soon join the growing list of critically endangered species is pushing for a law to save the remaining struck. their fate may lie in the hands of small time breeders such as a couple. breeding a donkey is tough and easy at the same time the pregnancy is long nearly a year feeding it is hard work and. it probably will take more than people like him to save the animals neighbors such as news you have already stopped exports of life donkeys. it's questionable whether that and other measures will be enough to save the dependable dog here. but you breeze al-jazeera. nigeria. now as promised yesterday in days gone by the holiday season would be a good excuse for a game of mahjong in hong kong but the younger generation with their mobile phones

and their computer games often don't know how to play and craftsman and women who hand make the toils for this traditional table game or trying out his difficult problem. the cash flows once a familiar sound in almost every hong kong neighborhood mahjong was so widely played it became synonymous with the city's culture but over the years as gambling lost titans and the younger generation lost interest the march on tables that are one seen everywhere started to disappear and so did the intricate handmade tiles that define the game though some may is one of the last three modular artisans in hong kong and the only woman left chiseling away at the blocks they say i don't know why i'm working on this it's like a walk down memory lane it is like a cassette player which allow me to replay my favorite songs again and again.

she grew up in this tiny shop under the stairs of a doll operated building and has been working here since the age of thirteen. she inherited the business from her father in the one nine hundred seventy s. when business was booming now the handmade tiles compete with cheaper factory made ones and the electronic versions we gave them are drawing to be part of everyday life it was the center of social gatherings almost every home had a set but now it's become more for novelty even a collector's item and a reminder of hong kong and one of hong kong's oldest neighborhoods a youth hostel is dedicated to keeping the city's marjon culture alive because the listing area in hong kong is frozen oh so not many family they can afford to put a mile long table in the living room that's why they have less chance to play macho when they go out of course now many young people they prefer to focus on the mobile phone more than take a miss with things our family will. manage on is played by four people around the

table they line up the hundred fourteen pieces and to sweeten sequences by choosing and discarding tiles first to complete a full set in a particular order where. the hong kong government listed mahjong tile carving as part of what it called the city's intangible cultural heritage because that's hasn't stopped the decline in getting have always no matter how much i want to hang onto this beautiful art i know the end we come she says no younger craftsmen or women are joining the trade it is a fading heritage and she wants to keep going as long as she can divvy gopalan al-jazeera hong kong. this is al-jazeera these are the top stories the u.s. president donald trump american government shutdown could last more than

a year if he doesn't get funding for a wall along the u.s. border with mexico he's threatening to use emergency powers to build it with congress doesn't meet his demands. the u.s. says it doesn't believe saudi arabia's version of the murder of journalist jamal khashoggi the u.s. secretary of state mike pompei will continue to push the saudis for answers when he visits riyadh next week thailand's first tropical storm in thirty years has left one person as rain wind and searching seawater uprooted trees and brought down power lines is now we can to a tropical depression thousands of people have been left homeless florence louis has more from the island of course a movie we're seeing a loss of lives at a minimum and really it appears to be the worst of the storm has passed in fact the time that department that the storm has moved into the andaman sea it has already been downgraded to a topical depression it's still bringing rain and winds but nowhere near as strong as when it first made landfall on friday afternoon and here on personally as well we're seeing services resumed to normal and sun has just come out it was raining

this morning but it really appears that this storm has that this is the worst of the storm is over venezuela has accused the u.s. of plotting with a regional bloc to overthrow president nicolas maduro government more than a dozen foreign ministers from latin america and canada have said they won't recognize majeure as president if he's sworn in for a second term next week the lima group says elections in may we're not credible and is calling for power to be transferred to the national assembly until a free vote can be held under the police are being deployed in melbourne in australia where far right groups were rallying against crime they blame on people of african descent the activists a meeting of the populace and killed the beach for what they call a discussion of melbourne's youth crime problem a counter-demonstration was held by a group supporting multiculturalism a fish has been sold for a whopping three point one million dollars in tokyo is famous for new year tuna option sushi produces and wholesalers have been known to pay massive sums for the

biggest best fish but this is the highest price on record. more news whenever you want it is always there for you that's the website com is the address you need up next it's inside story. on counting the cost it was the worst performing stock market of twenty eighteen find out where china is headed in twenty nineteen brazil's new president has an economic challenge plus taxing times for technology giants in france at a profit warning from apple. counting the cost on al-jazeera. teenage girls using social media more likely to be depressed the boys new study calls for caution what's the connection and why this is inside story.

hello welcome to the show i'm sam is a than the extent to which social media has embedded itself into the daily lives of people cannot be understated a u.k. study is look specifically at how teenagers are affected the differences between how they project themselves online and the images and fantasies they are bombarded with researchers at university college london studied almost eleven thousand fourteen year olds they say teenage girls are twice as likely to show depressive symptoms as boys but twice as many girls as boys use social media for more than three hours a day the study found that can lead to mood swings a drop in confidence and poor sleeping habits. this isn't the first study to link social media use with depression in the two thousand and seventeen survey the u.k.'s royal society for public health found signs of exile to what was dubbed foam

o. or fear of missing out by young people if they weren't on the web and in the united states the university of pittsburgh suggested too much social media use can cause social isolation that could lead to behavioral symptomatic of an addiction now we should say all these studies showed a connection between social media and depression but not necessarily of course. where it's bring our guests into the show now joining us from london we have dennis will grin a clinical senior lecturer at kings college in london in oxford amy orban psychological researcher at the university of oxford amy investigates the effects of social media and other technologies and in london as well stella brant and foster a student who's a former patient of dennis welcome to you all if i could start with dennis so this

study talks about coalition but does that mean causality necessary in other words it was because of their exposure to social media that they developed signs of depression now it doesn't so one has to say that correlation association is very different from causality and causality is a difficult thing to establish and this kind of study of design does not lend itself to it. having said this one has to say that there are elements of the study which are really important and quite novel. so one of them is that there is the so-called those response relationship which means that we can very clearly see that the greater the number of hours of social media use the greater the

number of and severity of depressive symptoms so that means there is a link in other words even if we don't know that it's necessarily a cause right is that what where is that where we're going dennis is a break this down in layman's terms yes it's an association so but. so what it means is that young people who are the past or unhappy are more likely to use social media but the direction of the cause in fact is not established so we don't know for sure whether the young people who are depressed already are more likely to use social media or the other way around right right now having said this i have to say that all the time. when i you know i used to always be of the view that social media is an accelerator and accelerates everything excel rates good things and bad things. but i have to say that over time as we have more and more of these association the correlation studies. they all seem to

point in one direction i events excessive heavy social media is definitely linked correlated with the pression but it makes it makes me think that maybe more to it than that. and so i really think that one has to begin thinking about. some sort of interventions at the at the public house level because we may be at the start of something that could be quite damaging to young people in the same way that. correlating cigarette smoking and lung cancer long before cars are ok let me jump in and stop you there because we do we will you're absolutely right we need to talk about policy implications of this but before we get into that i want to pick apart some more points from this study and bring amy's perspective into it why do you think amy or girls who use social media

showing a higher correlation or link with depression than boys. i think that our finding that goals are more or have a high correlation between them and hung in a special media uses quite consistent throughout the literature i want to go back to what that has not what we are looking at here are really our correlations and while we find these small negative correlations. with various of these datasets have matter now been analyzed what we do find is that these correlations are extremely extremely small so even though they're significant it's quite easy to get a sort of statistical significance in these data sets because they're extremely large they have the real talent to find very very small facts but with this power comes a kind of question to ask the scientists as to whether are these are these relations

actually in the courtrooms and the study is in two thousand and seventeen that you also mentioned we know that yes while girls are more affected by social media and boys still ninety nine point six percent of them and can't be predicted by us no matter how much they actually get use that anything only one percent of their wellbeing is predicted by the social media which again makes us really question are we really focusing our attention on the right name by discussing so much about social media and in mental health once we know that other things that affect a child's life have a much higher. in. the predictive value they add if i know how much it's house sleep how well a child eats or how caring that parents are i can predict a lot more about how good it will be feeling so are you saying i mean we could be actually be getting distracted by looking at studies like this than focusing more

probably are the real causes of depression mental health issues i think this debate is drug. now really complicated and complex conversation that we do need to have so because there are correlations we don't i what the cool relationship is recent research in the us found that disadvantaged children are up to use technology attitude to three hours movement day we also know that this is done to children you know what's so naturally going to find negative correlations between technologies and marni en route to the it is that we analyze i'm not surprised what i want to ask of the scientists is do you want should we be. investing so much money into cosy teacher interventions because so much large staffs and such money spent really needs a marginal evidence backing up and personally i think that large madden's does not

yet exist in the current research that's a really interesting point i want to keep it going between both of us scientists and academics but before we do that like to bring into we say the user perspective in all of this and stella you have been the patient you've had the challenges with depression tell us from shall we say user's perspective what role can or does social media or exposure to social media have on where ian person is mentally i think it really depends and i think at the fence on how you use social media so for myself so it is for myself it's been both beneficial and harmful that the family depended on the platforms i've been using and the people i've been interact with so i've met lots of friends for socially as your i've really good friendships which has really helped over the years equally i fit top lots of sort of. ideas shall we say for social media if i start myself with people who have been equally

sort of on the well then that is the for me been more home for. then anything at some point yes do you see a pattern though when you look at exposure particularly for young ladies or was he girls and the lessons teenagers do see a pattern in the way that perhaps the types of social media they're exposed to or people that they associate with. i think i think. i'm not sure of a pain when i can only really talk about myself but definitely for myself when i've been in a bad place mentally i forty spent more time on social media which means i've been sort of surrounded with the good and the bad aspects special in a very good place then it's quite easy to latch on to the more harmful aspects of social media running with people who perhaps in an even worse place than you or and just as bad a place. i thing. even sort of stepping away from that and just general social

media use i've definitely found that if i'm just going for facebook and you know everything is fine i'm staying in bed and i'm just working up in the morning it's really easy i find it really easy to little are people doing and compare myself to them so i think our look look how well this person is doing in their life or look at all this core stuff they're getting up to and i'm doing i'm laying in bed and doing absolutely nothing with my life and i think it's really easy even if you sort of take the mental health specific stuff away i think it's still really easy just day today to get really sucked in social media that's not to say there's not really good is in social media it's not say that it can be really useful. to have any platforms that have been incredibly beneficial to me in my mental how generally far do you think that as i said pens how you're using social media and sometimes it's really hard to see when you're in the midst of it how you're using social media and to see that actually it's negative i think that's something you can only really see when you take a step back and you sort of have

a little think about it that makes sense yeah it does and that's an interesting point which i want to take back to amy and perhaps. i want to challenge your thinking there but you know when you said earlier about there may be other factors about you know how well a child may be eating or an adolescent eating or sleeping and so on is there a difference when we talk about social media because it does as stella pointed out seem like it sucks people in in a way that you know your regular food or other factors don't necessarily do this becomes your whole life you you you exist in a make believe world but you can't get out of mentally. i think stone made two really important points so the first is this diversity that social media and also to talk about screen time is incredibly diverse. and looking at it on instagram will naturally have different of that scrolling through your news the your chance

of being grandparents and so this is again make it really hard pressed to figure out what is actually happening because while one might be very beneficial another might be harmful i'm not going to go against that but i think what is really important press is to recognize diversity and that of the lumping things together when we're comparing apples to oranges and also was does recognize is that there are different ways in which this relationship between mental health and social media is can take place not a one time you might experience in changes after using social media but imagine it also so uncertain feelings might drive you to use more social media as well so we could be looking at flight rules and not remember the mathematical models that we use to. look at these relationships we can't tear apart and and dissociate these different maybe a feeling and more down leading to musician or musician least leading to feeling

down and so we see this immense complexity which should make this really exciting to work in as well let me take that point back today with the idea that on some level that this kind of research can be masking a lot of factors and making us jump to a lot of assumptions that could be a bit destructive rather than helpful or do you think of a sudden they should not jump in the conclusions prematurely and i totally agree about the pressure as a multifactorial disorder and of course one should not assume that social media use is the only cause or even a major cause of the pressure that's a much more complex disorder than that. now having said saddle this and having also recognized stella's points that social media use could be about

beneficial and harmful for young people i have to say about. all the time as b. have more and more evidence more and more studies of it are correlational they are not establishing causality but just the volume of these studies and also of that those response relationships that they see and also these differences in boys and girls which are really quite interesting. and also another important point here is that earlier this year we had a very large survey of child mental health in the u.k. which. replicated the findings of about fifteen years ago and what it found was that the vast majority of disorders that young people have have not increased so things like autism eighty h.t. . o.c.d. and things of that nature really have not changed at all but what has increased

very very substantially was emotional disorders like and desires in the passion in all the girls in all the teenage girls. and also self harm increased very substantially in all the girls too and that is not an artefact it's a real thing it's something that it is something that actually rarely happens that you can actually see in doing do the way studies say ensure that it's pretty clear that they pin it to use of the internet or social media dennis no again it's a it's more of an association isn't it so so the association is there but my point is that the prevalence the number of children with emotional disorders has increased in our population very substantially especially especially the older girls. and that's something that we have not seen before and of course one minds hypothesize in many different ways well why is that but one thing that occurred at

the same time is of course the exponential increase in social media use and the internet use in general that i think everybody will agree here that social media are actually addictive there is plenty of evidence to say that and they are designed to be addictive as well. oh not only of course the victor let me take that point back to stella do you agree with that do you feel as a young person stella the social media sometimes is designed to target young people in a very addictive manner yeah definitely if i think about my social media use now and if i was to think about. getting rid of all my social media i could probably do it but i probably wouldn't be happy doing it and i would probably struggle so yeah i say is that active to an extent. or what do you think should who

do you think should perhaps monitor that or regulate that steno what would you be happy with the suggestions in this study from sample that say the industry should step in or should it be families or what how do you see how would you take to someone else telling you what you should do and be exposed to so i would be hesitant for that to happen i i i've had people talk to me about my social media you know in recent years but when i was younger say when i was my early teens in quite a while i find it really offensive i didn't really take on board to talk. and if anything it sort of brought me up for a way and i was like well i'm just not going to watch about my social media is that if you're just going to tell me to stop so. i don't think it should be the role of industry or parents or anyone to read it not even to have any difficulty because i mean to an extent yes i think having the conversation is important so i definitely

think that people should be having a conversation whether that is you know school staff parents mental health professionals who ever is if work is the conversation should be had so how we using our social media is it helping you you know. talking about the relationships that you're building people on social media i think that should definitely happen. whenever a lot someone should step in and try to take control of our i think that's a different question it's about supporting and empowering young people to. use it in ways that you know more constructive as opposed to just saying car is or you can use it like that just you know delete your instagram something that makes sense i think it's it has become labrat if it's post done to you or oh let me take those sentiments to amy and say amy with your position being that perhaps where you know studies like this when we run the risk of maybe making too many premature conclusions do you feel that the conversation about whether there needs to be some

regulation of analysts and exposure to social media is also a very premature. regulation just like the one edition which is also now heavily debated in the research community so you know there is another question i am is what you're saying. well i i just wanted to know that there is this ocean we get it has not yet been recognized as a formal addiction we often see it as something credit release and there are often times molecules that go into your bloodstream that was physical dependence and yes i do think that we don't yet have that level of evidence that three years do you know are physically a factor a person and this is an. a i think it takes a whole nother program but is probably need to be. probably

right but let's take a stab at it anyway shall we. yeah well i wanted to talk a bit about regulation because regulation naturally happened at all different levels i think it is premature it's now i think about regulation at a very high level of quality yet spending a lot of money into campaigns and interventions because we've seen in other countries that is can be very and that is because if you met adolescence that children is used to something they cannot and find ways around and it often goes over the top of what they actually want from their lives and that creates a world is constantly changing but i do see that today a report came out on a society of pediatrics and they really emphasize this need to really to look and have conversations in families about technology use and start that conversation very early setting some boundaries and keeping to those barriers and making those

arrows dependent on that child their use and contacts and that sort of small scale regulation i think can be the way forward because it allows us to be flexible we were talking about this diversity of social media we happen to get other diversity of children and their situation and so taking it to the level of the family might be the best way forward in the current situation or a dentist who got us thinking about interventions in the beginning of the show let me come back to you for your thoughts given what amy said rather more cautious though from amy in the thinking about regulation what sort of intervention do you think are appropriate then look i just want to talk to to to respond to any and of course when i agree with her in the sense that to be doing is a lot more research there is no doubt about this but there are a few important things within this study and other studies of that's current that really need to be highlighted. one of them is of course the association which we

have been talking about the other important part of this study was that the researchers looked at the mechanisms so how is this association between heavy social media use and the press of symptoms how could it be explained what is the mechanism it's called the mediator in science and what they have found that one of the strongest mechanisms of mediators of this for the nation ship was the lack of sleep. and they really want to emphasize this because this is not the first study that have found that the that what explains the link between have a social media and. and poor mental house is the impact of the actual media on sleep i think i mean will not dispute that sleep is important in our mental health and in particular in emotional wellbeing i don't think she does oh yes my legs are going to i think she agrees with that yeah i can see her and i'm sure she is smiling. because you know that that has been that has been conclusively proven and

so and of course the other important part another important mechanism that has been shown by this study and similar studies is that online harassment is could be another mechanism that explains. this link and so we do need more as such but we also need to acknowledge that we have enough research to say that social media needs to be taken. very carefully and thought through very carefully in terms of what it is that's being. allow our children who sometimes could be very young you know when they start using social media to do and the second thing to say is that social media is not the only addictive thing on the internet now i'm i'm a clinician i see patients a lot and yesterday i saw a patient and you know that patient is is very similar to

a great number of patients that we see who really spans many many hours on the computer and really does not leave home at all and does not. to do anything else and it's something that. is a relatively recent phenomenon i don't remember i could understand that i've known but all that would be worrying right on earth are young people you know in the past rows or our own free will have to leave it there it's been a really fascinating discussion though and i thank all of our guests denis who grinned amy orban and stella brown from foster thank you all thank you too for what you can see the show again anytime you want by visiting our website that's al jazeera dot com and for further discussion just head over to our facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story and also join the conversation on twitter i handle there is at a.j. inside story from a sam is a ban on the whole thing here it's goodbye for now. i

. a lot of the cell of being controlled by. that is tremendous for the country so i think and he was determined to go on could use a little at the point a facility to avenge its people slaughtered eight hundred eighty is he smashes the frankish off catches the king of tourists that he sees is the truth crawls and this is the great military victory the crusades an arab perspective never sold three unification of this time on a just you know. they call this bleeding the tree. first substance the world is addicted to now at the center of a global trade war. it's latex in its purest form found in tires phones toothbrushes satellites or mattresses it is an essential element to daily life and

so deep in the ivorian forest where you get a book goes from tree to tree scarring them for the precious liquid trump is imposing two hundred billion dollars in tariffs on china the world's largest manufacturer of rubber goods china in response imposes tariffs on synthetic rubber the west produces while in the short term this is bad for african producers in the long run some hope the continent could benefit from this trade war i know where of the global trade war and despite falling prices at the calls robber white gold at least for now. you can call it the schumer or the palosi or the trump shutdown doesn't make any difference to me just words president trump says he's ready to keep the u.s.

government closed for years as the deadlock over his border enters a third week. hello again i'm peter w. watching al jazeera live from doha also coming up the u.s. secretary of state is expected to push saudi arabia to come clean on jamal khashoggi as killing during his forthcoming visit to the middle east. several latin american countries plus canada say they won't recognize venezuela's leader when he's sworn in for a second term plus. i'm rob but bryde on the south korean island just twelve kilometers from north korea's guns where people are hoping talk of peace has silence them for good. the u.s. president is threatening to impose a national emergency as a partial government shutdown enters a third week

a meeting with senior democrats fail to resolve the deadlock over donald trump's demand to fund the border war with mexico negotiations will continue across the weekend in washington practical hane as the latest. the two sides emerge from both sides of the white house with very different impressions of how their meeting went and we had a very very productive meeting a lengthy and sometimes contentious conversation with the president. with democrats now in charge of one chamber of congress they came to the white house to try and find a compromise to reopen the government the president says he won't sign a bill that doesn't spend five billion dollars on a wall the democrats say they simply will not spend a penny to build it they only seem to agree on one thing in fact he said he'd keep the government closed for a very long period of time months or even years absolutely i said that i don't think it will but i am prepared and i think i can speak for republicans in the

house and republicans in the senate they feel very strongly about having a safe country but that is the key question can he keep said. republicans on his side if enough vote to fund the government they could override any potential veto reopening the government without a wall without that it could go on it for much longer both sides refusing to budge the president threatened to declare a national emergency to build his wall on his own but it seems unlikely he actually has the power to do that under the constitution political scientist eric campbell doesn't think the new house speaker nancy pelosi will cave i think the question becomes next week when they are when they are government employees who are not getting paychecks i think that's when we really get a sense of how dug in people are on both sides of an open question about who will win the political fight while hundreds of thousands of government workers and contractors are not being paid and for many not paying their bills for them it is

a question of how much more they'll have to lose before this political fight is over particle hane al-jazeera washington lara brown is the director of the graduate school of political management at george washington university she says donald trump's campaign promise for a wall has now unraveled. this president did run on building a wall across the southern border the reality is during the campaign he said mexico would pay for this wall mexico said they would not pay for the wall in two thousand and seventeen he came back and essentially said well we need to advance mexico the money to pay for this wall and then in twenty eighteen he is essentially said that his new renegotiation of nafta the north american free trade agreement which now is just a us canada mexico agreement is purportedly paying for this wall but none of

that is in fact true and most democrats are saying look we do have one point three billion in border security funds in the package that the house passed last night and it is the same package that the senate passed three weeks ago and the president is still not accepting it. one of the first muslim female members of the u.s. congress is facing criticism for using an expletive against president trump democratic congresswoman was she to too late made the comments just hours after being sworn in the president has called her language disgraceful but is standing by her remarks on a gallop. newly sworn in but already courting controversy detroit congresswoman rashida to lead concluded to celebrate free speech on thursday with a comment that's attracted widespread attention fully don't play it. because we're going to go in there really. i believe is part of

a new generation of democratic lawmakers many of them women coming to power for the first time most are seen as progressive and keen to hold president trump to account i don't like their language i would use that language i don't like it again established language standards for my colleagues and i don't think it's anything worse than the president when the president said some in the democratic party are said to be angry to leave comments fearful that it could be seen as playing politics rather than pursuing oversight we had a very very productive meeting his part the president claims impeachment is not on the democrats' agenda so i think it's very hard to impeach him but he has done a great job that's number one and. and we've been talked about that today i said why don't you use this for impeachment and then she said we're not looking to impeach you i said that's good that's good to leave comments so widely seen as premature but the new generation of lawmakers in the house may present the party's

leadership with challenges huge number of new members who are quite bold if you will. have their own mark in may say we don't care what he says we got the vote we're not going along with what he says impeachment is a risky move for the democratic party and many are telling new members to be more cautious special counsel robert muller's probe is still on. way and senior democrats are said to be more focused on the twenty twenty election either way most agree the language used by the congresswoman was not helpful to gallacher al-jazeera washington. the u.s. says it doesn't believe saudi arabia's version of the murder of journalist jamal and will continue to push for a state department official says the kingdom's investigation and handling of the killing lacks credibility and accountability the u.s. secretary of state is expected to step up the pressure on the kingdom for answers

when he visits riyadh next week might bump ayos day visit to the middle east will include the united arab emirates egypt and the u.n. on weapons day reiterated its coal for an independent investigation into the crime in jordan from washington. eight countries eight days not much time for sleep a lot has been packed into the secretary's agenda here not only is he going to be putting pressure on riyadh to elevate its credibility about the story that it has been telling about the murder of the journalist jamal khashoggi it's also going to be putting pressure on all eight countries that he is visiting to was do more to try to withstand the influence of iran in their internal affairs the u.s. considers iran perhaps one of its top two or three foreign policy objectives and it feels that if by dealing this face to face being that they might be able to get

a little further along in their hand pain to isolate iran on the global stage the secretary is also going to be holding a couple of strategic dialogues with officials in doha and officials in kuwait city and he is going to be looking at a number of other key issues that really have been on the us his foreign policy agenda for the past. here especially the ongoing war in syria the ongoing war in afghanistan the ongoing war in yemen a lot to pack and a lot to discuss but whether their way to come up with anything concrete at the end of this eight day trip is really what remains to be seen members of the religious minority community pleading with the u.s. to not withdraw troops from northern syria a report from the free years e.d. foundation is warning if washington leave syria before i still is fully defeated the armed group will make a comeback the report also requests a no fly zone to be set up in northern syria to prevent a potential turkish assault on kurdish strongholds mohamad joins us live now from

the turkey syria border mohammed is it just the use edis who have fears and worries about this u.s. plan with all. know just is the these other religious minorities like the christians in syria also have the same concerns and part of the upper hand that has the entire region to region where one holds sway over and people have seen. in. real life what the group is paper ball for no good for us much as the years the these from the leave meant all that women are sex slaves the killing of entire villages of men the timing of their temples into mosques on the force. of people of this very ancient believe these religious minority they really had

read a situation where the remnants of dealt with and the group was given an opportunity to come back and what else do we know mohammed about the aftermath of those russian airstrikes yesterday. well those were the flaws the cut it out by russia in syria the russian forces. with the advancement old beast group. leaders which has been making games taking us to different homes and villages but equal to the didn't militarized development the . countryside taken. a group that's been holding back and have really pulled them block so they're trying to help these old small. according to russian war i mean city and.

morley says what is happening at the moment is there is a support from the where they have been getting them by enforcements from the through city and the forces what is a pretty and. hopefully they would be able to gain some more. top and they also toughening in in in. on the banks hold that if i you avoid his religious well. to be hiding the medical forces of really. cut it out the more that i've ever seen before and now with the hope that they're going to get us much of the job completed before they are asked to withdraw thanks very much fun as has accused the u.s. of plotting with a regional bloc to overthrow press.