and and using the prison there would. be a for instance going to the yemeni government and the south would be a party they would like demanding that would he still leaders from political parties like. well it can party who are hosted and that is the whiskey and then on the other side you see how they were using the swab he had put really a larger political purpose and that has put it to the seeds come from the. most sides i do using do you feel is to try to put more of the demands political demands on the people so i think it's a very in a mark was not what it wanted with the president there were seven who keep present and not tell you. more of. the level of compromises from

both sides for do we have any figures about the number of prisoners being held i mean before the freedom talks it was estimated there could be hundreds but the u.n. envoy revealed that those talks that you are out there actually that number now could be in the thousands. absolutely and as we speak and the war is dragging on there are border war president. captives from both sides but i suppose we have seen my note if you go by my community and even women detainees and hoochie prison and secret prisons and some not so the number is growing and it's very important that the international community pressure being put to all of the warring parties to the skies and really these captives because it's we have. shattered many family and yemen and you can see the headlines coming from yemen from others thank titus. going to the start of the war the first thing you

know do you feel their sons and brothers and so it's very very important to continue the pressure i mean you talk about the pressure from but how much pressure can the u.n. and martin griffiths the u.n. special envoy to yemen bring to bear on both sides to continue these prisoners soft because both sides have to compromise but they have a long way to go don't. absolutely and it's very important that the there is in balance and political and military experience. and i could see how they are very clever in using this a captive. for a pushing their political purposes and they're very good and this domain and using kept in always achieve something larger and it's very remarkable that they

will leave. a saudi peace. camp in order to send a message about the destroyed or devastated health care system specially in the north of yemen so. that what is are really playing it clever and the and this moment for now so we have to leave it there thank you very much indeed for your time now security has been stepped up across kenya since outs about gunmen attacked the nairobi hotel complex this month killing twenty one people the crackdown is disrupting lives of people living near one of the armed groups hideouts close to the border with somalia as one of the down reports. setting off on a tiring johnnie's trouble in kenya's close twelve region say these passages is becoming more hectic by the day. these buses heading to the city of mumbai from island and processed through bony forest

a hideout for al shabab fighters. military and police checkpoints top the road and due to the frequent stops and such as what was a four hour journey texas a grueling and i was doesn't want to go when i when i got it was the criminals the security forces are looking for are in their hideouts and not in the buses where passage is being forced to get off the buses with their luggage seven to eight times in a trip people are suffering. straddling the indian ocean and kenya is border with somalia boni is effectively a military zone. kenya's defense forces were deployed four years ago to clear the gunman's forest i doubt we will stop several times at military checkpoints. for years up to the military operation began gunmen continue to terrorize kenyans in and around boni forest

thousands have been displaced from the villages most live in comes for the displaced like this one. for. children was killed in an attack on leave village a few months ago. my children were slaughtered like chicken at night those who attacked us also burned the houses in the village the security forces brought us here in the morning these people have no access to some of the most basic of services no running water no access for the government's case the pottle warning forest where the village has been. and it's time for them to the time home that if you hear a willing to obey. john kerry says say's the tox in his village remain vivid in his mind but. you can be attacking the lowly caused widespread fear anyone who witnessed the brutal killings will not think of returning there are. these growing

frustration about what some say is then ability of the military and police to stop the everyday gunmen roaming the expansive forest but the security forces say the forest is vast and difficult to navigate they say through text them time to completely clear fight is how would i do well just born in forest saddam's security chief has ordered the release of people detained during weeks of protests but that's failed to calm the anger against president omar al bashir. the. protests are continuing in several cities demanding an end to bashir is thirty year rule demonstrations started of a cuts to bread and fuel subsidies in december dozens of died in violence and one police and security forces. u.s. intelligence chiefs have contradicted some of donald trump's fundamental foreign

policy views speaking at a senate hearing on global threats they took issue with the president's assertion that isolates been defeated and that north korea can be convinced to give up its nuclear weapons like hanna reports from washington. president from portrays is negotiations with north korea's leader as one of the major successes of his presidency he claims to have made the world a safer place and recently announced that a second summit will be held next month kim jong un is looking very forward to it so much. made a lot of progress that has not been reported by the media but we have made a lot of progress not so say intelligence chiefs their conclusion that north korea remains a major threat we currently assess that north korea will seek to retain its w m d capabilities in is unlikely to completely give up its nuclear weapons and production capabilities because its leaders ultimately view the nuclear weapons as critical to regime survival and the intelligence report says the president's

decision to tear up a nuclear deal with iran is also based on false premises the cia director saying iran was in compliance with the deal but that may not change so at the moment technically they're in compliance but we do see them debating amongst themselves as they fail to realize the economic benefits they hope for from the deal president trump claim to have defeated eisele was used to justification to withdraw u.s. troops from syria but this is also contested in the report the intelligence chiefs insisting that i still is intent on researching and will continue to pursue attacks against regional and western at bursaries. and unlike the president the intelligence community is adamant that russia interfered in the twenty sixteen u.s. elections and importantly says there's a strong expectation that it will do so again in twenty twenty. potentially most

galling to the president there's no mention whatsoever of any crisis on the u.s. southern border with mexico thank you ultimately the intelligence report represents a stunning repudiation of president trump's repeated claims concerning threats to the united states mike hanna al-jazeera washington now a longtime adviser on confidant of president trump has appeared in court in washington d.c. . roger stone pleaded not guilty on tuesday to several charges against him as part of the investigation into possible collusion between russia and trump's twenty sixteen presidential campaign . cattle have reached the final of the asian cup for the very first time they beat host the united arab emirates four nil in a ten semifinal in abu dhabi qatar will now face four time champions japan on friday sale money for. it was dubbed the blockade dobbin qatar taking on

asian cup hosts the u.a.e. which one of the four arab nations imposing a blockade on them since two thousand and seventeen but despite the political tension there was plenty of goodwill on show before kick off good i thought that you know my kid wants the action started though it didn't take long for things to heat up that. the will do it a little so we were good to qatar despite playing in the stadium with little support would be the ones to go ahead that's. my while and cookie gave them believe just twenty two minutes in but it got better for the qataris before the break. to their standout player of the tournament early making it to nils with his eighth goal of the campaign through some of the home crowd however didn't take what they were seeing very well the bottles and shoes were among the things targeting the qatari team from the stands had a spin to do so after the break the referee's patience was really tested as on field

tensions continue to grow kurdish. pm iraqis tried their best to get back into the game but had little success more than eighty minutes they were finally put out of their misery hasa now deuce making it the renal this. was. the scoreline going out of the tournament and the disappointment of their founds all seem to be getting too much for the u.a.e. players if my lad meant taking out his frustration with an elbow in injury time it was scored by v.a.r. . and meant he had to be sent off to qatar we're not finished though ha made a smile making it four nil to see arguably the biggest win in the history of qatari football this year. they now move on to friday final against japan when we see them stage the first world cup in the middle east in twenty twenty two as asian champions. al-jazeera. well from going to the

game in qatar is watched and cheered at home and fans and set up in the capital doha also jabari went along to one of them. well the feeling here is of jubilation and proud moments for the locals and all the ex-pats that have been watching this game it was a very exciting game for them to watch they said that they felt very proud of the outcome of today's game was actually more important for the fans here than the final coming up on friday qatar went on to beat the u.a.e. for nothing it was one of the most important games they will ever play now many people i spoke to here said that was. about all of this case for them given that. the region that qatar finds itself in many fans here said they can't wait to see how their team does on friday but regardless of that outcome it is a very proud day for qatari fans.

part time for a quick check of the headlines here on al-jazeera venezuela's president nicolas maduro says he's ready to negotiate with opposition rival one was declared himself interim leader. of the office during an interview with russian news agency. the kremlin is one of my most important allies he also said u.s. sanctions on venezuela's state and old company illegal the british parliament has authorized prime minister to resign made to go back to brussels to try to secure a better briggs that deal politicians also voted to make it harder for the foreign minister to take britain out of the e.u. without a deal. to halt from. the strategy is likely to be future reason may to go to brussels and say to e.u. leaders look the british parliament has finally reached a majority for a scenario that it will accept that it wants to see which in essence means accepting most of the provisions of the existing agreement the divorce bill thirty

nine billion pounds respecting citizens' rights in harms now with workers' rights protections and environmental protection at least twenty eight people have been killed when two boats capsized off djibouti the boats were counted these two hundred thirty migrants when they tipped over shortly after departing many of the migrants are still missing thousands from east africa often attempt to cross the red sea to find work in gulf countries. saudi u.a.e. coalition in yemen says it will release seven who the prisoners after the who these released a saudi prisoner on tuesday international committee of the red cross facilitated the transfer of the prisoners back to riyadh he's suffering from advanced hepatitis c. the u.n. envoy to yemen martin griffiths says he wants to make prisoner swaps more common in an attempt to preserve a shaky cease fire sudan security chief has ordered the release of people detained during weeks of anti-government protests but that's failed to dampen demonstrations

calling for an end to the thirty year rule of president omar al bashir and head of u.s. intelligence says north korea is unlikely to give up all its nuclear weapons the assessment of the odds with donald trump who is planning a second summit with kim jong il of all those are the headlines the news continues after science in a golden age stage of dance watching by fire. from sunrise to sunset across asia. the pacific explore untold fascinating stories one on one east on. modern high tech advances in medicine and health are of course the result of many centuries of development research and experimentation much of which took place in the islam that quote between the ninth and fourteenth centuries a golden age of saw it during this time scholars in the islamic world made huge

contributions to medicine and created a body of knowledge that was tremendously important and influential around the world for many hundreds of years. which is professor of theoretical physics but born in baghdad and i'll be exploring states of the art biomedical science and the covering the contribution made to the field by the scholars the golden age. it was during the islamic golden age that medicine started to be treated as a true saw and with emphasis on empirical evidence and repeatable procedures during

that time medical books were written that became standard texts throughout the world for many hundreds of years come here to the hum of hospital in bellhop to see how the ideas of the scholars in the medieval to stomach world compare to our modern medicine. hospitals neonatal. it deals with premature and newborn babies who are suffering from a variety of conditions is the only one of its kind in qatar and babies are referred here from across the country all in all sit on our doors we probably have chose to seventeen to eighteen hundred babies and that amounts to about ten to eleven percent of the total worth that occurs in this hospital so it is by comparison one of the biggest units in the world we do look after babies who wore as small as twenty three or twenty four weeks just station so if you're looking at

a part months pregnancy autumn on someone with pregnancy and that in itself is incredible i mean not that long ago twenty three twenty four we call just days and there's no way that it's of our arsenal and we've come a long way at this hospital they're carrying out pioneering research to improve the treatment of babies born with neonatal and suppose that's is babies born with serious neurological damage because of a problem with oxygen or blood supply in the womb. the gold standard of treatment is putting these babies on a cooling mattress to try to reduce the temperature and limit the potential ongoing damage that could ensue in the brain however it does not really provide an appropriate success rate worldwide here we're trying a simple remedy that we believe has potential which is that addition of a drug called magnesium sulphate but it's never been tried in combination with the cooling. to improve the reliability of their research hospitals using what we call

a controlled burn some of the babies receive magnesium sulfate whereas a separate group the control group don't receive it this allows the hospital to compare fairly the effects of the treatment with and without the drug. so this particular study is a double blind placebo control which means we are offering some of our babies a placebo or some or giving them magnesium sulphate we don't really know which are which otherwise i mean why do you buy a little boy it's exactly one thing that's of tremendous interest to me is that this idea of a control group actually goes all the way back over a thousand years to a persian physician by the name of a razi who who built the first hospitals in baghdad who was looking into the causes

and treatments of meningitis and i believe he had not only his sample of patients he had a control group to which he wasn't it minister in the treatment in one case it was blood letting you know isn't the way you treat meningitis but the idea of a control group goes all the way back to to iraq this is actually one of the all most important components of research that we do how a control group to try to to ensure that you know our studies come out as non-biased as possible to compare you know absolutely house of the. other as he was born in the city of ray to herat in the mid nineteenth century and he was an early proponents of applying a rigorous scientific approach to medicine during his distinguished career he served as chief physicians of hospitals in both ray and baghdad. in the early tenth century the ruling tailless them back that look to feed off to rozzi where in the

city he should build a new hospital so a rise he designed experiments he hung up around different locations to see how quickly they rotted and so determined the place with the cleanest air this was typical of a razi you have a problem you design an experiment to find the answer. during the golden age the dissection of human bodies was considered disrespectful but there was one group of people who knew quite a bit about anatomy butches albeit the anatomy of animals and humans. well even though this is just the labs not a human heart we can still see quite clearly the different compartments the different chambers within the heart this isn't something very familiar to his early physicians of the medieval age.

in the seventeenth century william harvey famously carried out his groundbreaking research into the circulation of lard in the function of the heart but in nineteen twenty four an ancient document was discovered this was a text written by him in the fields the thirteenth century arab physicians in it he described the basics of pulmonary circulation how large doesn't move across from one side of the heart to the other has to take the long way round around the body this four hundred years before harvey. building on the writings of physicians like him enough he said william harvey our understanding of the heart has continued to develop harefield hospital in the u.k. is part of the country's largest center for heart and lung disease there cutting edge treatments build on the work of professor mag one of the world's leading heart

specialists who set up the hospital's busy transplant unit and has received a knighthood in britain for his services to medicine the heart is such like a magical the more i learn about the more i respect it because it goes on incessantly beating choir. clee maintaining life professor yet who is also interested in the history of medicine as part of a paper he commission for medical journal he's researched the life and work of it. here we have a scholar. born in syria in the early part of the thirteenth century he was a policeman because he was studying. a fear or churn and here was a scientist's few. use of discover a but arguably his most important contribution was his commentary on medicine in

which he looked at how blood moves through the heart so this is the heart and you can see quite clearly the right ventricle and the left ventricle and these are two completely separate chambers the question has been. how does blood go from the right ventricle to the left and through. the centuries the accepted view had been that of the renowned greek physician galen galen said that blood passes directly between the rights and left ventricles of the heart through tiny holes in the septum the dividing wall that separates them in the feast was the first to challenge galen's view he established that there weren't any holes so they had to be another way for blood to pass from rights and left the contention of some persons to say that this place is porous it's beneath on

the preconceived idea that the blood from the right ventricle has to pass through the prosody. and they are all. just as he's quoted as saying that for somebody as young as this person at the time when he was twenty nine to have the courage to state. such a thing it's absolutely remarkable. galen said that there are holes in the septum. but. if you open the right been through like and doing now it is solid there on no channels whatsoever even if he's was absolutely right. in the feast stated that the blood must first pass through the lungs where he said it mingled with them before it came back to the heart and was pumped around the body and now we know that the blood from the right's ventricle

goes into the pond they are three is here goes around the lawn. comes back. in deeds own the navy seals into the offensive so this is the problem of the research relation which comes here that is the discovery it's now obvious what it was and then. evelyn if he says description wasn't widely accepted at the time and it wasn't until his manuscript was rediscovered in the twentieth century and his work was universally recognized it's now part of the long history of medicine that continues to evolve today we have learnt a lot. more grant how to stop it how to respond how to replace it how to mend. my personal. journey continues.

early hospitals did exist in the ninth century baghdad but these were little more than hospitals for the sick offering care but not much in the way of cure however hospitals as we recognize them today giving treatments and offering medicine for free they begin to appear around the empire in cities such as quarter and damascus . in order for these hospitals to provide care they needed a knowledge of medicines and surgery the most important work of the golden age was written by the great tenth century philosopher and physician been seen or better known by his latin name at the center this is my personal copy of his great text the canon of medicine for. the full work was a multi-volume group of techs that took on where the greeks left off physicians like galen hypocrisy in this first book he describes human anatomy in great detail

and what i love is that he talks about things like. the muscles of the face and then goes on to talk about the muscles of the forward the muscles of the eyeball even the muscles of the. heathen works his way through the entire human anatomy in other texts he describes surgery he describes illnesses and treatments it's medical knowledge as they understood it then it contained a lot of. superstition but a lot of common sense as well the point is this text was so important it was still being used around the world over five hundred years later. even though today we know that not everything had been seen or wrote was correct his work was the pinnacle of medical knowledge at that time in his canon he includes a large number of medicines and remedies that use common had. during the golden age herbal remedies weren't an alternative to mainstream medicine they were all

very new and as the empire grew travelers would bring back new plots from far and wide so new drugs were discovered and administered rema hazmat is based in our june in jordan she cultivates medicinal herds some of which have been in use since the golden age. live and is good for relax. and is very good for. so even though they would have used this in the golden age i wouldn't understand about bacteria they knew it was still good. and this is. wormwood yes. what is this use for is good for the call over to treat cancer these are yes and this was known from a long time you know. this is saying is. this. oh yeah this is good for is good for

a good base and. what i find so fascinating is that during the golden age every hospital would have had a herb garden just like this with a drug store and it's interesting that we're hearing those same devotees a still described and in use in modern times. even seen as great canon of medicine describes a variety of herbes one thousand years after the canon was written dr detlef concern is growing some of these herds in a park in istanbul so that he can study the medical remedies the even seen it described we planted following the canon of medicine twenty six made this in the plants out of hundreds which had been described by even seen a. thousand and twenty he worked for six years of the company so. they had medicinal properties what sorts of things with

a. very untrue toxic until. they were some of them are poorly today that have says active ingredients we say they can show you one sample it is called letter only. if you can find it also on the bread on the turkish bridge or so this is a small black sea it's black here with black human. being useful properties that it was also anti toxic for example it was seen a mention it's against bites probably slate bites it was used for until two thousand still it is used. by carter important works during the golden age it been seen as canon of medicine so. read across the islamic world and the young as the process of knowledge transfer was revolutionary just one reason only

spread so effectively throughout the islamic empire was because it suddenly became much easier to produce a copy texts the islamic scholars had adopted the chinese technology of paper making paper is much cheaper to produce and use the parchments a pirate's an important aspect of this is killigrew feeding off of hand writing so i've come to me to calligraphy to tell me all about it. among what italy counties start with a method and. they had me this know me in the county started to have to come come and you know who. you are talking about in this as well. as. this one about. a lot of. books then. a lot of. pressure.

has been highlighted with your feeble little replica fos. the chinese paper was juror might and more easily back into books which created a thriving publishing and copying industry manuscripts had to be duplicated by hand and this produced a great demand for a slimy calligraphers water system to music if they were in leave you for him you claim to be supervising this and while the other thing. is that it can agree on a hooker because you would look for something that you couldn't afford to do the kind of movie thing and i think that if i had. the worst of it if in the kind of thing a portal. well calligraphy clearly remains today just as important

an art form as it was back in the golden age the scholars then not only perfected the art of paper making they also developed simpler forms of calligraphy means of preserving their paper and winding blues to hold their books together in that way these technologies came together enabling them to produce books in large quantities this is how their knowledge propagated so effectively throughout the world. the manuscripts of the golden age influenced scientists long after the decline of the islamic empire for instance had been seen as canon of medicine was translated into latin and copies were still being printed and circulated while into the sixteenth century these texts influenced the great thinkers of the rene salts who in turn laid the foundations for our modern world. this

impressive building is the weill cornell medical college an offshoot of cornell university in new york based here in qatar of come to find out more about their genetic research how their mapping the human genome to find out more about genetic and hereditary diseases pertaining to people in this part of the world. the genome is the complex genetic code contained in every cell in our bodies it determines all our inherited features.