that was asked to be a part. but in the world up to all of this i went on the streets of tehran for a couple of days talking to a lot of people to try and send the mood on the street. fighter . mohammed raise a tight sheik is one of iran's many revolutionaries he reflects on life changing events forty years ago with the style during pride. well before. khomeini took power the hem of the razor defected from the shazam e joining the revolution. he went on to fight in the iran iraq war of the nineteen eighties hundreds of thousands were killed and maimed among them mohammed raises younger brother hammy that reza. aswell as you know our belief in personal sacrifice for the revolution is for our spiritual leaders says we are the victorious ones because our enemies cannot put pressure on us militarily they are

doing it economically and culturally. mohammad reza says he's against moderates in government and believes foreign influence is to blame for economic problems. outside in a city festooned with the colors of the islamic republic of iran many people now speak openly about economic hardship. but forty taxi driver a no older reza is as old as the revolution he says he can't pay his bills i mean what a man has no matter how much he cut back on my spending i can make both ends meet i'm distraught i've got two children aged eight and thirteen for decades since the revolution of a population of more than eighty million and there's a big gap than ever between the rich and the poor the economic situation getting worse and made much more critical by the u.s. sanctions has led to high youth unemployment and inflation increasing by the day

that's leading to subdued anger in many parts of iran. it's likely to get worse for the people before it gets better reimposed u.s. sanctions are now forcing more countries to stop importing oil from iran its main driver for growth we spoke to some iranians who say people have to show resilience . that the issue has to be solidarity we should all have the same goal we should protect our revolution from being. before he finishes speaking a bystander interrupts with her view of the revolution i believe that back here it has driven us to dismiss very and poverty people are poor and they have nothing left. young people in this crowded setting talk of leaving iran once they've graduated from university this twenty year old plans to move to canada to work as

a nurse i don't see my future here i don't think i can find a good job most of a rain and wind to. integrate. the divide between often stoic. the generation and younger people has undoubtedly grown since my. other has brought down a monarchy but he insists nothing can break the spirit of iran's revolution. the. revolutionary guards of made it quite clear that they're going to be defiant about calls from america to get the iranians to reduce their ballistic missile program the revolutionary guards are saying ahead of the celebration that the program will expedite founded it will be continued without any shadow of doubt and they're resisting all suggestions from america should reduce it i think it has nothing to do to the nuclear program that iran has

a right to defend itself and it will do so every which way beyond that we're going to hear later on for any president of iran he'll be speaking on the stage behind me be setting out his thoughts and he'll also undoubtedly be talking about the united states and indeed go about what has happened in the past here in terms of the nuclear deal and. the economic future of this country that people really want to hear about right now all right andrew symonds we'll speak to you throughout the day thank you. still ahead on al-jazeera in just a moment where is a body in saudi arabia says it still doesn't know egypt's president takes over as chairman of the african union we'll go live to the summit coming up.

and either the weather is all coming down across europe now it has been incredibly wet and windy for some of us in the north this is the latest system that's made its way across us bringing yet more heavy rain and strong winds as well and that will continue its journey up towards the northeast as we head through into monday so here it is giving heavy snow over pulses scandinavia and across through towards russia as well to the south of that still some clouds some rain and some winds with us but then things calm down further as we head into chews day and a little area of high precious to us to develop that will ensure the weather stays fine and settled over the next few days might all be totally sunny there might be a fair amount of cloud around but still mild look at that london of a twelve and force in paris which should be up at around eight now for the other side of the mediterranean the showers here of largely clear now so most of us are getting away with a dry day still that warm look at unisa maximum of just sixteen degrees as we are

now just isn't those temperatures will drop further as we head through chews day with the winds coming down from the north for the central belt of africa plenty of sunshine here and plenty of dry weather to those that lagos that will be up to around thirty three degrees but there are some showers most of them in the fall southern parts of arm up moral to all the heavy ones there. in the first time lands of the mesopotamia with the first settlements from the cradle of civilization iraqi people who've depended on the tigris and euphrates for centuries can no longer make a living on rivers blighted by and pollution outages are world reveals how the manmade decline of one of history's most famed ancient environments is leaving its people struggling to survive iraq's dying rivers.

hello again the top story. for peace talks with president. and the u.s. is likely to start pulling its troops out of syria few weeks. so far. on the timing but his top commander in the middle east. on the. freedom square right now in.

return from. nicolas maduro is vowing to defend venezuela against any attacks the president says his soldiers are ready to fight the u.s. and the rest of. the southern african development community made up of eleven nations. it's criticized any attempts to interfere in domestic affairs has appeared on state television with his vice president and defense minister he was at a military exercise in the northern state of. saying. today the most important military exercises that are republican history recalls have been successfully initiated throughout the national territory the most important because of the situation we are living in of real threat from the imperialist government of donald trump against the peace of venezuela the head of the empire has threatened

us and that has generated indignation rejection by all the people of venezuela and of the world's public opinion the opposition leader hijos says efforts to stop aid getting into venezuela are a crime against humanity tons of food and medicines sent from the us has been stopped at the colombian border since thursday but as well as military has refused to let it in under orders from the president who says the aid is part of for us to remove him from power why those says he'll use volunteers to open new ways to get in. i understand that they want to block the aid because that's what the victimizer does it makes them seem almost genocidal by their actions they're killing venezuelans killing children who are protesting killing fernando abandon opposition lawmaker i understand that they would want to deny this and not allowing the humanitarian aid the regime should know it this is a crime against humanity gentlemen of the armed forces well then as well as

economic hardship is hurting its most vulnerable people or latin american editor who see a new man went to a care home to see how residents are coping. this is hill of hope western business way in old age home where destitute or abandoned senior citizens are meant to live out their last years with dignity. but as always in times of acute economic hardship it's the youngest and the oldest who suffer most in the absence of full time staff seventy nine year old. keeps the gate locked and helps those who can't walk because he still can. we help each other out amongst ourselves michael most everyone he suffers from hypertension but there's no medicine here. until you could walk and see when he came here three years ago now he's blind from untreated cataracts can't walk and is tormented by

a hernia i think. last night i was in terrible pain. i cry from the pain. i am very. only god knows. sometimes there is nothing to eat we have no help from the government there is no one to help us. the home is a foundation that runs on donations but they've dried up so there are no nurses or doctors and very very little food. the cook says it wasn't always that way. they used to throw away the food there was abandoned. until the crisis came the crisis began six years ago she says most of the donors have left the country hyperinflation has led to widespread poverty and scarcity of

almost everything. it's time for dinner and so you have a c.e.o. who's confined to a wheelchair helps guide for the beneath this who's blind to the dining room and this is the dinner for the i will eat also grandfathers as they're called it's corn flour boiled in water because we're told it's been more than a year since they received any donations of milk and this will be the last thing they're going to eat until tomorrow. the cook and the cleaner will be leaving soon and they'll be left alone to put themselves to bed no later than six so they won't feel so hungry until breakfast. they are resigned they say to being forgotten in a country with so many other desperate need. to see in human. in this way that. saudi arabia doesn't know where the body of murdered journalist john mark. in an interview on u.s.

television the minister of state of foreign affairs says the kingdom is still investigating are there beric uses turkey if not sharing intelligence was killed in october in the saudi consulate in istanbul. where is jamal khashoggi body we don't know what do you mean you don't know we don't know they said that the prosecutor is working to try to establish this fact we have asked for evidence from turkey and he asked them several times formally through formal legal channels to provide evidence we are still waiting to receive and you have been sitting there. in the final day of the african union summit in ethiopia has capital egypt's president had that fatah has sisi has taken over as chairman of the group from rwanda's president paul kagame may this marks the end of his reformist tenure at the helm of the organization this year its focus as refugees and internally displaced people often webb is joining us from at this hour about to tell us what more heads of state has been have been saying at that summit malcolm. well in

sunday's closed session they talked entirely about peace and security in the peace and security council then today reports on all member states to african heads of state who would gather included sections that were critical of the actions of the governments of the room the camorra in their respective political crises both of those countries requested those sections to be removed from the report but they failed to get that done but ultimately it is just a report so there's no action expected to come out of it now in the coming hours heads of state to due to arrive in on today's agenda climate change migration also president mohamed hari nigeria is due to report on the african union fighting corruption that was last year's theme now according to the african union's own figures about one hundred forty billion dollars is lost every year in africa to

corruption that's about a quarter of the continent's g.d.p. and the didn't result in any binding agreements nothing that could ultimately lead towards a prosecution of anyone in any of the member states and observers pretty much agreed that that amounted to nothing much more than a talking point all right thank you thailand's election commission is expected to rule on whether princess can run for prime minister in next month's election the thai rak such heart party announced on friday that the king's older sister with its candidate's palace though described the move as unconstitutional and inappropriate forest fires in new zealand are expected to burn for several weeks but no longer threaten homes many of the two and a half thousand people who were forced to move to safety in the cellar violence have been allowed to return farming equipment is thought to have sparked the blaze near the city of. dry and windy weather fuelled the flames.

scientists say the world's insects are heading for extinction a review published by leading journal called biological conservation says this poses a catastrophic threat to our ecosystems it says more than forty percent of insects are in decline while a third are endangered so this means the rate of their extinction is eight times faster than mammals birds and reptiles overall the mass of insects is falling by two point five percent every year meaning they could vanish within a century and scientists say this could destroy the way all ecosystems function. because the president of the center for conservation biology at stanford university and he says humans can't survive without insects in our ecosystems. that's more than astounding it's extremely frightening i have personally seen the populations of insects i studied personally go extinct because in large part because of climate

change over the last couple of decades well you gotta understand that if the insects disappear we're going to disappear to the whole agricultural system the pens among other things on the insects that are most vulnerable to extinction to control the other insects which compete with us for our crops so this is a brilliant paper but at the same time one that scares the pants off of any biologist who understands how the world works and of course it's an overly optimistic paper because it mentions the things that we should be doing in order to avoid the extinction of the insects and it's very reminiscent of the things we should be doing to avoid climate disruption and avoid the food problems we now face and the point is we're not doing any of them in the united states on the issues that you have to deal with on the insect extinction we have a government that's determinedly doing everything it possibly can to push the

insects and the other organisms to extinction as fast as possible. the bracks it situation in europe the breakdown of the european union is another thing that is going to prevent the kind of international effort that we need to save our life support system so i'm afraid i can't be extremely optimistic. in the us the democratic party's latest contender for the twenty twenty presidential election has launched herbage amy clue the announcement in her home state a former prosecutor she was first elected to the senate in two thousand and six the first woman to do so from minnesota and last year she made headlines for a grilling president trump supreme court nominee brett kavanaugh during his confirmation hearing. the headlines on al jazeera this hour the acting united states defense secretary is in afghanistan for peace talks with president. patrick shanahan wants to encourage

the government to involve the taliban in its negotiations to end the seventeen year war now the u.s. is likely to start pulling its troops out of syria in a few weeks the trumpet ministration has so far been sending mixed messages on the timing but his top commander in the middle east says it all depends on how things pan out on the ground it's thousands of people filing freedom square in tehran right now to mark forty years since the beginning of iran's islamic revolution nationwide's commemorations began on february first marking the day ayatollah ruhollah khomeini returned from exile in seventy nine. venezuela's president says his military is ready to fight the u.s. and other enemies but the opposition leader and soft declared interim president warns nicolas maduro of blocking u.s. aid saying it's almost genocide to do with. it i understand that they want to block the aid because that's what the victimizer does it makes them seem almost

genocidal by their actions they're killing venezuelans killing children who are protesting killing fernando abandon opposition lawmaker i understand that they would want to deny this and not allowing the humanitarian aid the regime should know it this is a crime against humanity gentlemen of the armed forces it's the final day of the african union. president. has taken over as chairman of the group for rwanda's president paul may it marks the end of his reformist tenure at the helm of the organization this year its focus is refugees and internally displaced people. commission is expected to rule on whether the king's older sister can run for prime minister in next month's election the party. candidate the royal palace described the move is unconstitutional and inappropriate forest fires in new zealand are expected to burn for several weeks but they no longer threaten homes

many of the two and a half thousand people who were forced to move to safety in the south island have now been allowed to return. those are the headlines on al-jazeera inside story is coming up next they with us. but there is someone going on this very right. it's how you approach it and that's what it is. african leaders are in ethiopia for the annual african union summit in this year's theme as refugees and displaced people of the continent faces challenges including conflict and poverty so will the eight you find and cannot reform itself this is inside story.

hello and welcome to the program on elizabeth piron i'm the african union was created to harness a sense of unity and to tackle common problems but it's face criticism that it doesn't do enough to protect its citizens from conflict and corruption the age has declared twenty nine t. in the year of refugees return these and internally displaced persons with the goal of finding what it calls do you have all solutions to the vast problem so with that in mind leaders from fifty five countries across the continent are in the ethiopian capital for their annual summit on sunday egypt's president of the feather and c.c. will take over as chairman and the city international warns that his tenure could undermine the use commitments to protecting human rights we'll bring in our guests in a moment but first malcolm websites up on discussion from addus ababa. here at the african union in ethiopia's capital addis ababa african leaders they do to discuss

the plight of refugees and displaced people across the continent the more than twenty million people in africa who've been forced from their homes that includes and lee displaced people and also the refugees those who've crossed borders into neighboring countries while some are able to set up new lives many more are stuck in camps where conditions are squalid they depend on humanitarian aid often there's a shortage of food in many cases people aren't free to move around their host countries also some of those camps are very safe people are at risk from armed groups or from the security agencies of the governments involved in the conflicts from where they fled as the states are meant to talk about if that was the theme for the year ahead here at the african union is not likely to result in any kind of binding agreement africa's displaced people probably aren't going to get anything concrete out of this summit anytime soon african union doesn't have a particularly strong track record in preventing or intervening in the conflict and

the political crises that cause people to flee their homes in the first place but among the other things that are expected to be discussed by leaders here are the recent disputed elections in the democratic republic of congo and also the implementation of the october peace agreement for south sudan between rebels and the government malcolm webb the inside story. well let's take a look at some of the numbers from the u.n. now africa has more than twenty six percent of the walls refugee population that had an estimated six point three million refugees and fourteen point five million internally displaced people of the end of twenty seventeen that number increase last year with one hundred seventy thousand new refugees and more than two million newly displaced people there are more refugees from south saddam than anywhere else in africa and uganda sudan and ethiopia are among the top ten refugee hosting

countries in the world it's. well over to the panel now joining us from nairobi is a k n a executive director of the pan african citizens network joining us on skype from cape town a solution i do research at the institute for global dialogue that's a south african think tank and in london we have michael moore visiting fellow at the fellows largely center for africa at the london school of economics a very warm welcome to all of you miss a k a it is the theme of this year's african union summit so how serious is the african union about looking after refugees. i don't think the african union is a serious as it can be about looking after refugees we have had refugee protocol since the sixty's and yet over the years rather than improve refugee protection refugee protection seems to have gotten worse there was a time where there was

a pride in hosting. africa's refugees there was a prize there was a pride in hosting people who had to flee from their countries it was considered as a core aspect of an african ism but lately refugees are trapped stranded in camps for tens of years you know how decades and this is just unacceptable there is no move by. african countries to integrate refugees and to ensure that they are able to live lives of dignity less ninety what do you think about that has protection for refugees actually decreased in the previous decades and is this summit with the same of refugees and internally displaced people a good start. to address that i think what my colleague nairobi has pointed out is definitely an acute sense of the problem i think the challenge for the african

union in terms of trying to move forward on what has become a critical policy issue for the continent in terms of protection of refugee rights protection of internally displaced persons as well as individuals who are fleeing for for a variety of reasons i think they haven't been managed to keep a kind of a sense of trying to keep having a balance with it because i think what has happened over the years is that the protection of refugees and the so-called individuals who are fleeing because of a variety of systemic risk that they feel in their home countries i think they feel more vulnerable as well in refugee camps or internally displaced persons camps and so forth and i think on that in that context what happens is that there hasn't been a kind of balance with regard to where the you want to see policy and what is the implementation of strategy at the national level by sovereign states and i think

the challenge for the e.u. in going forward is trying to have a continental policy that can be implemented by member states which hasn't necessarily been taken up so we do have for example i think. the idea of putting it onto the agenda making the team of the summit really interesting important however i think the challenge with you is that. the way in which this has been playing out in the continent hasn't necessarily kept up to see. in whole national governments have reports have actually implement this and i think it also creates another dilemma for the you and that is what is the absorptive capacity of the host countries like uganda and so forth and i think that's the bigger challenge and then the final point i want to make is that you know you can't separate the questions around with reforming and moving the humanitarian part of good out of the political commission into the social economic commission of the e.u.

doesn't address the problem i think it's much more systemic and much more systematic sure and before we talk you know more about the systematic reasons for internally displaced people and for refugees i do want to bring michael imo and now on the points that both of you have been making mr elmore do you think that this summit can achieve this pan african you know continental policy towards refugees and internally displaced people and get the fifty five nations to adopt whatever it is they come up with that's a lot of unity required a feeling that the most important thing to do is to try and address or tackle the key course or the fundamental cause of conflict and for the market displacement in the first place. the main course of conflict and displacement on the continent is to do with heads of state staying there for longer than necessary and so long as

you've got heads of state extending their presidential term limits and being there for a long time conflicts will not cease and displacement will not cease and i think that the moment of the african union is considering the e.u. reform only situation or reform it will be a key time to perhaps look at ways and means of been able to tackle this for example i mean don't really most heads of state will not want to be sanctioned on that so you probably are thinking of getting the consent of or heads of state and government to erect a new superstructure body over and above head office heads of state that would have monday tree powers to do with extensions to presidential limits yeah and i think that new superstruct a body may be able to sort this out i can see both miss i can and miss neither wanting to come in on this. kind of what would you like to say i mean how realistic

is it to implement sort of presidential term limits on national governments from an international body in a continent where as mr armor said extending presidential rule is very common and is one of the key reasons for conflicts on the continent. and i agree that this is important but i don't think we need necessarily a super structure i think the african union already has the tools with which it can use to bring a country back into. the real name of democracy and governance the african chatter on democracy elections and governance gives a very good. blueprint which the african union should be able to use for countries that engage in what is called unconstitutional change of government and

that requires that any country that changes or doesn't change it. with leadership. in a manner that respects a culture of democracy should have functions well and then again. have in the past is that blueprint working and if it's not how much of a reason is that all the conflicts that we're seeing across the continent and then the displacement of people the internally displaced people and refugees. well the blueprint works when they wanted to work i mean we saw very well when you tried to extend his term limits despite the fact that he lost elections we saw echo us which is the which has primacy in terms of dealing with situations of peace and security on the country and in the west african region we saw echo us take a very firm stand particularly president marcos out and he thought endorsement of

his actions by the african union and the u.n. and he successfully managed to stop. me from continuing to to to to hold power unconstitutionally but then we look at the other side of the continent and we see burundi and that is that again community completely failing to be able to sort out the crisis the political crisis in burundi and so i think it works when they wanted to work it doesn't work when the there just don't have the commitment to making it work miss neither what do you make of what mr armor said you know how much of a problem behind you know the cause of refugees and internally displaced people is the president's actually staying on for too long on the continent and if a superstructure is not the answer then you know then what is to address the underlying issues which cause internally displaced people and refugees. i mean i think you got to understand and i agree with my colleagues that you've got to

understand what are the root causes i mean causation of why the conflicts take place and there's a number of reasons for this it's political it's political that that that leads to social economic it's basically power struggles and i think we can also ignore the fact that climate change has a particular. effect as well in terms of how it impacts on people but i think the first to be the political the social and economic and of course you know linked into that is different just different issues around culture religion as well i think you can ignore that now the challenge for the african union as my colleague in nairobi had rightly pointed out as well in london is that how do you deal with this is it is it another superstructure i don't think is another super structure but what is what what is being picked on here what needs to be developed in terms of how to go forward is the regional economic bodies the regional economic communities equal has played a critical role as my colleague said in the context of yeah i met i think said it

played didn't play such a role in the context of what happened in the the r c a a you came in and tried to say that there was some challenge to be election results there but of course that kind of went into a difference a different spin and i think this is the critical then mention for the you cannot achieve this in a unilateral way you can go out and say i'm going to do this i'm going to do that it has to get the regional economic bodies to work and if that reason economic bodies can adopt a particular kind of blueprint around the african charter on democracy elections human rights etc and integrate that into their protocols get that to be something that's critically adopted and utilize that as a kind of alignment to the process i think we'll start to see much more around that and african philosophy come into effect you're talking about democracy and human rights so i want to actually talk about the incoming chairman of the african union on sunday egyptian. hadn't been fattah el-sisi is going to chair the summit

and rights group amnesty international says it's worried about the potential impact on the independence of human rights groups it's highlighted what it calls catastrophic declines and rights and freedoms in egypt on the presidency sees leadership saying that mass killings of protesters folks disappearances and unfair trials have increased in recent he is the african union suspended egypt's membership for a year in two thousand and thirteen after a c.c. led a military coup against the democratically elected president mohamed morsi let me bring in michael more now on the man that's going to be you know chairing the african union as off sunday is he the person to chair the african union given his record of human rights violations. well first of all the main reason why president c.c. is now the chair is actually because the chair retakes regionally and it's the

title of north africa well if you look at not africa. libya is in trouble at the moment the president of tunisia is ninety three years old or syrian president is terminally ill and merkel has only just been brought back into the e.u. and that leaves egypt as the most likely. head of state to take it out and maybe that explains why cissy is now the chair that said there you have to try a choice a system whereby all those. presidents if you the chair you have the pinout to make. the incumbent and the incoming chair all acting together presidency is not going to be left on his own to go of time then to do something strange is going to be managed carefully by the gender which congress has left behind which really is about the continental trade system about peace and security and basically toeing the line as to where the e.u.

wants to go so we are aware that presidency has a very bad human rights record ok but he slogan was left on his own to go of president to do anything about a strange ok well we talk a lot now about. what needs to be done policy wise and also the causes of conflict on the continent but i do want to focus more on the refugees now and the internally displaced people and this i can let me bring you in because whereas we do focus a lot on refugees and rightly so and there are actually many more as we mentioned internally displaced people than there are refugees and they internally displaced people are actually the groups who are most at risk why is that. well because they tend to be forgotten i think. they're more they tend to be more invisible they are. within a country and the you have

a. outdated policy of respecting the borders of a particular country and respecting the countries of rain ity and that sometimes names that when these conflicts within that country and that there are people who are playing their own governments they get forgotten they get lost in the politics of of rain ity if you'll allow me elizabeth a little quicker knock around egypt chairperson ship oh and the african union i think it is something that will be of concern to all of us. from civil society you have rightly pointed out the concerns around egypt's human rights record but we have seen egypt also make threats against the african human rights system and lead threats to the african commission on human and people's rights and that is worrying and that is what we're going to see more of in this year of egypt's leadership. i

think it's something. the troika system is near and it is a cause for concern if the chairperson of the african union is not a country or a government that it has to the cop in support of the african union and why it was established including issues of human rights and government went to the issue of internally displaced persons and why they are most vulnerable. i think also another reason could be that the refugee convention has been around a lot longer i.d.p. one is recent and many countries not only haven't ratified it but also haven't domesticated the provisions all. the i.d.p. convention so a lot of countries do not have concrete macan isms for dealing with i.d.p.'s they don't have the structures and they don't have the resources as they do with with

refugees there's a system called for yam. accepting refugees for accepting people who seek asylum is a process sometimes mikey but a lot of times there's a clear procedure to which. refugees are registered and and become visible and are known and right because a guy was international just all as they had life and. people can't of course do that i'd like to bring in on that very good point again you know refugees cross international borders internally displaced people don't and does the african union does it have a legal framework to address that very specific issue. i'm not hundred percent sure on the legal framework side but i do think that the protocols and their procedures need to be are they need to incorporate that so in the context of you know defining a refugee and then defining and i d p i think what happens generally is that people

that are internally displaced i think they are in a more acute situation than refugees you find that the refugees are able to claim asylum and so forth but at the institute there are structures that we that we need that the e.u. needs to strengthen it particularly in terms of data collection and how data collection is done in the context of the legal framework as well as the policy and other instruments that it needs to implement and key and align to its framework around the refugee i.d.p.'s and return it's because i think data that that comes from countries is very limited there's a dearth of the weakness of data from different countries and of course morocco when it rejoined the e.u. you know if it was one of the countries are put forward or has the proposal or has the platform ok the african observatory for migration and i think that is about collecting data there's also the regional office there's also other other

instruments and other. so-called frameworks that need to question want to basically ally in and correlate with each other and i think that's the key driver for the e.u. as well is if it has the information then you can actually start using it instruments in a much more productive in a much more pressure on and so on the issue of egypt i just want to make this point i think show be very kind of a little i don't have long left in the program and i would like to give mr elmore one last question. all of egypt i think it's going to be a very contested chairmanship i think you're going to have egypt that as much as you want to look and see how it aligns to the philosophy of a renewed you and you around the issues of human rights except it's going to be a very difficult one to achieve but i think egypt is also about regaining its position in africa versus the arab microbe union and how it wants to position itself around those geo political dimensions as well mr elmore both miss i can and

must do more skeptical of the egyptian leadership of the african union the egyptian chairmanship rather of the african union we have about one minute left in the program and i would like to give you the last word how can the age you do better now in protecting refugees and internally displaced people despite having at the fattah el-sisi as the chairman. i think that brings us to the point about what sort of situation a structure can actually do with heads of state who are behave it and it is quite important to have some sort of higher level superstructure i am sure they will be able to address the early warning systems. displacements and such as extended presidencies or at mr thank you very much for that and i want to thank all of our guests for this very interesting discussion that is i ching in nairobi. in capetown

and michael in london and thank you too for watching you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al-jazeera dot com and for further discussion do go to our facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story you can also join the conversation on twitter i handle it at a.j. inside story from elizabeth random and the entire team here in doha thank you very much for watching and bye for now. we're taking you live to to her honor where president rouhani is speaking right now marking the fortieth anniversary of the iranian revolution. his followers will. this is a prayer and i pick. them up

from. well. the zone keen. along. a low country ration after prayers an arabic before sought after the speech of. the. hard to be here anymore. sort of on. plays on almighty god. for the fact that the regime reign in nation greater in nation has been blessed by him was blessed by him forty years ago it. was safe from tyranny and colonization and dependence. and this nation. mannish to.

establish a system office not make the public land. an independent system of government. the eleventh of february twenty second of bam and today has a specific. characteristics this year. on the one hand. it coincides. with. if forth here and i mean very sorry of the islamic revolution and great you know in a nation today. in tears the forty first. off the rectory off the revolution. on the other hand. today. is.

i mean rick to have to enter a city has flown a one off. degrade. personality. who learned from the teachings of his father and her and her and her father and her husband. and children learning from hair our nation managed to stand against the superpowers. and acquired it rick terry on the other hand. today this year. we are celebrating the eleventh a febreze celebration or twenty second off by muscle abrasion under the circumstances where we are facing they can spur to see. the. united states and zionism. and the by quatenus of the region.

people. are facing the pressure of sanctions. why then. the presence of the people on the streets. across the country they slum a country. and this great city. that . that they can spread this is a. yearly conspiracies after any may have been. foiled have been done away with. this means that the enemy. will not be able to reach its evil object of our way. our paths.

will continue in the same way that it has been continuing for the last forty years dog man. at the beginning of my speech. i would like to make a few points that. today great iranian nation. first of all. is this law make it evolution of ours was to safeguard and protect. this law make it on their islam a good ron goldman mob me people understand that very well. two hundred then five years ago. a large parts of the northern iraq and caucasus.

rulers were separated from it on an hundred one other ninety one years ago another part of their nor the need on was separated from this more the land. hundred seventy two years ago. a large part of north west of iran was separated from iran one hundred sixty three years ago. another important part of the eastern part of iran was separated from iraq. and one hundred thirty years ago that he had to visit go parts of northern eastern iran was separated from iran. and then one hundred years ago. a large part of. the south of iran. was separated from iran which

come which makes a few countries today in the south of persian gulf even forty seven years ago. seventy years before the victory of the iranian revolution. and the times after three chair us. livy regime. very important part of the south of the country was separated. it's used to be called the fourteen fourteen to the sufi iran when you are studying geography. it was separated from iran. through the rich area for. the palaver regime you can see over the last few decades. or the previous dictates during their call jordan partly dynasty's two thirds of the ukrainian

land was separated from iran. this means. that the previous regimes. in addition to the fact that they were. not paying attention to their welfare to the culture to the religion of the people and they were betraying all these they also betrayed the. territorial integrity of the country some of the people did member. hundred years ago or if you have a sudden history. in the first world war. the north of the country west of the country and the south a figure on. what occupied by three powers. seventy seven years ago. on the first part levee. in the second world

war. despite our neutrality. that allied powers the why did they go on to the south to east and south to north and south in order to occupy or the king to leave that country. very new president hassan rouhani speaking live right now in tehran as iranians marks forty years since the iranian revolution that took place in nineteen seventy nine sir looking at live pictures right now from teheran and let's bring in our correspondent jabari who's covered iran and so it's a big day for iran. president's haasan rouhani speaking as he usually does on the

anniversary what have you heard so far that stood out for you well the president is right now giving a history lesson about where iran was prior to the revolution and how the previous monarchies and dynasties actually divided iran they were irresponsible they were under the influence of western powers and easily manipulated and that is the reason there of aleutian took place and the main goal of khomeini ayatollah khomeini was to unite iran and its people and that's what the president is stressing that it's and so would he be speaking more at this point to a domestic audience obviously it's a big day for iran and iranians in themselves or is he sending a message to the international audience as well because what we've heard him say so far is that the enemy will not be able to reach its evil objectives yes he's certainly stressing how strong iran is currently in its military might and the will

of the people the message is very clear he said that the iranian people are not going to be fooled and they have faced american and israeli conspiracies in the past and they have managed to foil those conspiracies so he's stressing that iran is very capable and alert when it comes to being aware of western presence inside the country ok dorsal stand by for a moment. as we take in the pictures from iran as the president as speaks on the fortieth anniversary of the revolution and we'll cross over to that square and bring in our correspondents anderson is joining us now from there so can you gauge how that speech is being received so far the president still speaking. people want to hear this they want to hear straight to the point not as we expected a long diatribe about history but straight to the point about the united

states and how they have acted over the sanctions in really imposing sanctions rouhani described this as pressure on the people all over this great country as you referred to it and this great city to run about the people who are not indicated he said the conspiracy of the enemy. he said that the people though i had they done away with this that they were they were actually coping with it the enemy is. evil objective he said he talked about the part of the future on the part of the future he said will be the same as the past forty years so very much a defiant tone to this we're going to expect to hear a lot more on this subject because rouhani remember is the moderate face of this

revolution elected by the people this is a second term twenty thirteen he was elected. i followed the same way as many clerics. university of tehran education and seminary in home then unlike many others he went to do his low doctorate his ph d. in glasgow in the you know. kingdom he has a feeling for the west a way of dealing with the west stated very worrying but something of a departure from the conservatives is a reformist yet he went the whole distance with that two years of negotiation joining the barack obama what he actually came to that deal with the six other nations on the nuclear deal and you know the hold on the double trouble that was done by the united states in ceremonial style last year when even to the

point that john bolton the new national security advisor has a picture on the wall in the office of the white house picture which which denotes the signing of the executive order to scrap the nuclear deal really impose sanctions a picture of it on his wall with a signature and the. president used to sign an executive order hanging on it that's the level to which people in the trumpet ministration is what this regarded as a main theme of this administrative to take maximum efforts iran and what we're seeing now is an escalation of this this is the whole she is commemoration but it will be remembered for many things not just history but also the point at which this crisis is actually standing right now not just a name in our relations between the united states and iran but the amazing difficult political power the europeans are playing. in trying to have this trade

deal with iran where they exchange strange full list of all the hurting sanctions so the united states sends stamping out of focus so no want to show how this will go because you clear a situation with iran is still in compliance you can see according to all the. inspections by the united nations. international body atomic energy authority according to all accounts they are still a baby in all of the clauses in the twenty fifth nuclear deal but what it's about that is the key question all right is henderson was wrong. but he is facing the enemies of the united states and zionism our rights and our simmons thank you for giving us that update from a it's ironic.