venezuela's opposition controlled congress is named new boards of directors to the state owned oil company opposition leader one way though announced the appointments of directors a petroleum. and its u.s. subsidiary citgo petroleum the opposition is trying to gain control of the oil industry which venezuela relies heavily on last month the u.s. which bank's credo announced impose rather sanctions on the country's oil sector and called it immoral and criminal. and you can get more on all those stories we've been telling you about if you head over to our website al-jazeera dot com you can see the address there on the screen it's earthrise next stay with us. the week began with the use of ninety day truce in the to protect us china trade all the world's largest supplier of

liquefied natural gas is leaving the biggest oil cartel we bring you the stories that are shaping the economic world we live in counting the cost on al-jazeera. there are seven and a half billion people on earth and they all need to be bad. but producing food requires huge amounts of land water and is one of the major contributors to pollution and climate change and. half of the planet's habitable surface is cultivated for crops well forests are being cleared for industrial animal farming and commercial fishing is emptying on steve of marine life. with the worldwide

population predicted to grow to ten billion by twenty fifty it's clear our planet contiki part of the pace something has to change. a muscle beard on the east coast of the u.s. where a community of scientists fishermen and foodies are redefining our relationship with the scene and i'm going to robbie in holland where scientists are racing to future proof our planet against our love of meat. for centuries we've been harvesting the oceans without much thought of sustainability and today we poises much fish as we did fifty years ago the result is that the oceans have been depleted. catastrophic leap unsustainable levels ninety percent of the fish stocks that we rely on being fully fished overfished. to

make matters worse the use of a group chemical schools in the sea and on the land is creating soon areas of high acidity and low or exigent which one of the biggest global threats to marine life there are already around five hundred in the world wade the biggest in the gulf of mexico covering twenty three thousand square kilometers. for the seas to thrive far into the future we need to fundamentally breathe think our relationship with the oceans and here on the coast of connecticut to do just that. fishing is always been big business on the long island sound in recent decades industrial and agricultural pollutants kill the fish stocks have come here to meet some of the locals tackling the problem. they are also right yeah thank you egypt thanks so much for having us and. britain smith is an ocean farmer who's made it his mission to reconfigure the harvest see a welcome aboard. ray the good thing about ocean farming is

we don't need to chase fish rice the quick run out right. used to be efficient yeah yeah i was in the bering sea fishing cod and just at the height of industrialized fishing and most of the fish i was catching was going to mcdonald's for the fish sandwich that is the quintessential the epitome of the industrial fashion exactly so then you know i was on the bering sea in the cod stocks rasta new for land back roads from so i went to become a farmer on the salmon farms because i was that he answered overfishing but it was just as bad you know using pesticides and that by audix polluting you know we were essentially running pig farms at sea so i ended up down here to make remade myself . you know what we're called the three d. oceans are what is the what is a three d. ocean far survey by the imagine an underwater garden where you're using the entire

water column means we have a very small footprint vertical right. the entire farm is cultivated offices to move lines and boys which act like scaffolding grooves from the horizontal lines closest to the surface then vertically downwards their muscles and then below that oyster clamps on the ocean floor. and that. brain has a twenty acre farm which produces fifty three thousand kilos of killed every year alone with two hundred thousand cues show fish today i'm going to help check the lines. in the great work of james hill's going to come aboard and. learn how to do something else farming apply. all right if you tell her. there's the vegetable of the sea right there let's attack some muscle soft thank you fashion. and i call now that i've found.

unlike conventional aquaculture britain's ocean farming has no need for group chemicals in fact to be even seems to clean the water of pollution and it sequesters carbon thereby helping to tackle climate change. is there a reason why you you've chosen muscles so there really lean proteins packed full of will make it serious but also so nitrogen a filter and they use nitrogen to grow filtering out of the water column sandusky know this far the children millions of gallons of water we can waste your filters up to fifty gallons a day we just want to easter you could you were to take a number of these farms totaling five percent of u.s. waters you could remove the equivalent carbon output of over a million cars what the kelp does is it reduces the acidification rate it pulls

so much carbon nitrogen out it changes the water coldly so we've done studies and it's called the halo effect of the kelp actually working together with the oyster companion companion species exactly exactly you know they're meant to be together. with. prince couldn't so certainly intriguing but can the system really help coop did soon once those seeds. of the seaweed marine biotechnology love at the university of connecticut stem food stood just the squished if. this is proper science what's going on in here you know we have a lot of the caliph microphonic me really right here to. talk to simone is leading research in some call still estuaries like long island sound we have a lot of nutrient runoff so from fertilizer or from wastewater treatment

plants a lot of those nutrients get concentrated into the water and then they can cause problems like harmful algal blooms or you know hypoxic conditions and so by growing seaweed us in addition to shellfish. take some of those nutrients and clean up the waters and the hypoxic that's a lawsuit so right yes exactly which is not good for or for exactly. simone is going to show me how they use killed to both monitor and clean the waters in the sand so the first thing we're going to do is we're going to take some of those harvested cows that we've pulled off the long lines that we're going to grind it up in the in this little machine. simona can calculate the little nitrogen in the kill which in turn helps it learn how much needs to be groomed to clean the waters of pollutants. based on that then we can

say you know based on that percentage if we grow this much seaweed on this long of a line than we're taking up that much nitrogen from the water. information like this is for you to footprint who uses it to determine how much cope you have to go to be in order to improve the water in his patch of the sun. three d. farming proposes a close collaboration between fishermen and scientists but that's not all yet another important partnership is happening on dry land toby fisher is a farmer who recently started working with brant used to use conventional fertilizer until six months ago when he switched. so the world price. turned into fertilizer has a nice a nice smell to it but how do you know it's not so you know it's the good stuff so

i was actually going on here like why why do you not just put it straight on the fields the nutrients from the kelp. will transfer over to the water and you see the kelp just turn this into spring like i do you know and throw all the nutrients leeches out into the liquid and then we can have a waypoint to fertilize we're not going to get like some crab jumping. you never know. tobie's farm grows over twenty five different kinds of fruit and vege supplying the local community and it's this organic plant based fertilizer that you know uses on all these crops. this is calculated for a little bit it's going to ruin kale very well ok you'll never taste kayleigh taste are going to. do you feel a kind of connection to the sea because of this operation most land based farmers don't think about their actions and how they affect. the nutrients runoff from the

land they got into the ocean the kalpoe uses it to growl and then it comes back here to really close a c c it away and loop. closing this land to see loop is a huge part of three d. farming is appealed but in the center of new haven there's another collaboration which is putting sustainability on the. a most to me be sure piru had shifted to find out more. brand came to me with the help and it's like here it is news that once he started telling me the story once we started dialogue on benefit more than anything sustainability perspective i started playing around i started using a number idea of different ways that i can feel like man this has legs and so i just go ahead and yeah go ahead and and as you would regular pasta smells fantastic right you go.

there's a very good we're going to actually see this kind of ocean farming have a significant impact on ocean cleanup on climate change you need we need you know we need to eat loads of this stuff we need to get you know what he you got to do as a customer if i suppose across the river way that people start asking for and then plan brand figure out. how to mass produce or pumps around my that's not my department yet my goal is if they like it. i've done my bit. but changes of food here in new haven and three d. farming is that the hard. i mean we've got to tell a story you know hopeful story about the future right you know it's all bad news about climate change and food signal insecurity stuff like that but i think out here we can say arrow things are a blank slate in this search chance to really build something new and build some from the bottom up that is sustainable restorative and doesn't make all the mistakes of industrial agriculture and thus industrial agriculture.

it's estimated that each week we lose an area the size of manhattan as a result of intensive over farming. nearly one third of the planet's land is severely degraded and agriculture is largely to blame. if we don't act fast the un projects the world has only sixty years of harvest. but there are glimmers of hope. seemingly barren landscapes can hide an underground forest of living tree stumps roots and seeds in africa a technique called farmer managed natural regeneration is nurturing this hidden vegetation to bring fertility back to damaged land developed an asiatic and is now used by farmers across the continent it uses restore it of methods such as selective pruning and thinning of shrubs to stimulate rapid growth leading to

taller and stronger trees and healthier soils. over farms lands once prone to soil erosion deserts vacation and drought a coming back to life. so far around seventy million hectares of land have been revived improving the food security and livelihoods of communities across africa. the african union has to play to the to further one hundred million hectares of degraded land must be restored by twenty thirty. a seminar is one of the techniques being used to achieve this. over the past century meat consumption has risen dramatically a growing and more affluent population wants more and more of it and industrialized farming has made it a staple. by twenty fifty global appetites are set to more than double which is environmentally unsustainable the finances have come up with

a breakthrough solution to the problem which means in the future the meat we see here won't come from the farm but from a laboratory. and. its place is hopping through really busy in there and it's not even new people are serious about their me. and i ask you what you're buying. when it comes to fell for this thing my husband friday said that this trade actually it's hard to deny. that every friday was friday a rifle shot carrying the whole five m. to the. how much street would you say you guys go through in a week or. so let's take. you back a little bit. like a whole noah's ark ten years serving up everywhere. on average britons get through eighty four kilos a week per person per year and it isn't just an eat at home treat at corrigan's in

mayfair they cater to a mainly meat eating clientele. how important would you say meat is to them and you really. it doesn't matter how much the friends keep changing there's always going to be some video to. show you could you imagine and her day where you're placing in me that was grown in a laboratory on that master barbecue. i find it hard to believe our unique selling point will be gone on their feet like this getting it from the farm here to the customer is what we're all about. for me what is appealing about the lab grown option is that no animals are killed and it takes up less environmental space and there's less of an impact on the waterways of the land and i feel like that could cut his navy off for sort of an alternative to this demand that isn't diminishing

what do you think about that like you eat it and try and. are trying to sell it to consumer i think here it is it's really hard to. i can understand even skepticism but lab grown meat is already a reality and it's only a matter of time different reaches the public in two thousand and thirteen dr mark pasta and his team at the university of maastricht in holland made headline news when they proved it was possible to meet with a single cow muscle sample. if you like conventional amber and now the race is on with scientists competing to be the first to create a lab grown burger to market to the masses. i've come to the university of maastricht in holland where dr pasta has agreed to talk me through how they make cultured meat. morning hillary i remark to read here mark in his colleagues are one

of a number of teams around the world who are searching for a way to scale up production of lab grown meat if they succeed the environmental impact could be enormous cause or ruminants they have these forty two. things where they basically picked here in their stomach from it and in that from intuition process methane gets released that's affecting global warming and climate methane is actually very powerful the house can see it's twenty times more powerful than c o two. so yeah and livestock is accountable for forty percent of wall methane emissions. the impact of farming cattle on climate change is so significant that some experts believe giving up beef reduces our carbon footprint more than giving up cars. but how do you get a hamburger from a test. so this is

a small. piece of muscle taken from with a biopsy with a needle biopsy this is taken. half an hour ago from what's the next step then once you do the exception that the stem cells in a muscle are just sitting there waiting to repair the tissue when it's injury to do muscle fibers for. their celsus stem cells come in then they start to look for the forming new muscle tissue that's what they do in the body so what we're doing right now is. every single muscle fiber so that the stem cells kind of think well there's an injury here we need to start coming out and start to pull that helps a multiply them into thinking they need to repair a part of the body right so out of the small extraction that we've taken how many paddies do we think grow. eighty thousand eighty thousand burger patties just from

this bit of liquid right that's unbelievable the tissue is then placed into a blender before an enzyme is added to break it down even further into individual muscle fibers so by maximizing how much you break down the tissue and encourage the cells to multiply you're getting more product out of that bit of liquid. once broken down further and fed a special culturing solution the cells are placed in an incubator so the conditions and here are the conditions inside the cow right exact temperature temperature. everything. in the warmth they will begin to multiply and once there are enough cells they're taken out and grouped together where they automatically contract to form tissue. in the moment i've been waiting for actually seeing a tangible. well i'll tell you one time they said yes. so this is

this is the end result where you have the individual fibers so this is about four hundred of those fibers entire hamburgers about ten thousand i mean that wherever statements made one day that's absolutely man and grown purely in a lab this is. this is pure meat though mark and his colleagues have proved that the science works the challenge for his team and others all around the world is producing cultured meat in a cost effective way. i'm hoping peter straight marks business partner can offer some thoughts on who. might be the first to get this product to supermarket shelves . and they're welcome he said if you know thanks for the initial breakthrough has really happened in the lab here but the idea is really taken off in the us and silicon valley where all the tech startups are and there seems to be a space race to get this product on the shelves what's going on over there and how

does that compete with what's happening here well to be honest we don't exactly know what's going on there we know that a lot of money invested monies go into words in several companies. they all sort of have to say tentative timing with respect to them going to the market as we have being that in a couple of years the first initial small introduction in the market over a product will have. it was going to be the first we want to see. there's no question the future of meat will be different for all of us but if i'm honest i'm not sure what i think about eating meat grown in a lab and i suspect that i'm not alone. than i am very i placed a wreath there work of course von men's fortune amsterdam based artist is determined to get us to confront our discomfort starting with the future forward cookbook. not every fish and yet is a month yet it's forty five recipes you cannot get so all these dishes they are

specifically made to start a conversation i hope it will familiarize more people with this new technology so that it's less scary and it will facilitate a conversation around it so that we can make better choices on which what we actually want and i say a classic of of in there as an iranian the quantum. needs. in vitro kabob it has its own bio incubator so basically this will be growing infinitely it's interesting when i when i think of the barber and my culture i mean the slaughter of the animal and the preparation of the fit the whole ritual is such a big part of different cultures that i think it might be really hard to sort of separate that spirit absolutely yes and we can only do it if we place it with new kinds of rituals or behavior such as have new meaning as well course expects that

within the next ten years we will all be confronted by lab grown meat on our plates in readiness of that he's taking reservations at an unusual restaurant. is this an actual restaurant that you go there or is it an online waterhead how does it work it's called in vitro. right now it's only an online restaurant and we serve food for thought because. if you want to take reservations from two thousand and twenty eight what you do wish pick a star for main course and dessert this one is for more korean people. because in korea is this headed for eating life octopus and this is something similar for them completely synthetic and did. what it does doesn't have some way your system you just want to pay their bills not who you are no yet from

april yet we have room it will two thousand and twenty nine we'll got something for my birthday. ok i think your book is you need someone who doesn't really know. across the worlds large scale food production increases demands our natural resources and needs to habitat loss but there are ways to reduce these effects. in costa rica tree planting to create living fences reversing the deforestation once caused by cattle ranching absorbing c o two and fixing the soil around the ranch. was to cut out the mixing of a naturally occurring fungus with the local soil as unable plants to absorb water more efficiently reducing the pressure on staff to supply. and in cameroon instead of large monoculture cocoa plantations the planting i mixed your fruit trees leaving natural forest intact increasing diversity and providing regular

income. changes like these however loads of vital if we are to feed our growing population in ways that also say thought the planets. whether it's cute and cuddly in australia wild and ferocious in bangladesh or thrice beatrice is the balance between endangered wildlife and then noisy neighbors. that must be in the bamboo is right there and there's nothing between how you have it that i'm a human habitat learning to live together on al-jazeera how many people here have seen a tiger but they can go really africa's largest democracy goes to the polls to elect a president parliament and governance corruption insecurity and economic

uncertainty that dominate nigeria politics remain widespread al-jazeera brings you coverage of the issues the candidates and voters nigeria hopes. afghanistan has the past geology of both mentally resources and i refer to why are they so poor the measuring you guys would finally form a government that we may have the toughest when essentially nowhere the more we would close down the more they push back we knew it was coming the question was do we sit back and wait or do we surprise them with a preemptive strike talking about it on not just.

al-jazeera. you read them for your. the joint resolution is pay. the u.s. house of representatives votes to end support for the war in yemen. this is al jazeera live from doha also coming up at least twenty seven revolutionary guards were killed in a suicide bomb attack in mumbai.