the mayans of the africans the mines of the national party and by the time they came out he knew more or less what they were what they were thinking what was possible what wasn't possible he knew more or less how to treat them. both at home and abroad calls for mandela's release grew louder and gained more support for his party the a.n.c. represented him as the symbol of the anti-apartheid struggle. in early one nine hundred eighty nine bhutto was weakened by a stroke shortly after a secret meeting with mandela he was forced to resign as party leader and later as president. i relented in august his former minister fredrik de klerk age fifty three took over as president of the country his priority to end the deadlock crippling south africa . on december thirteenth one thousand nine hundred eighty nine mandela left the

victor vasta prison for a few hours he was secretly taken to the center of cape town to detain heis the president's office for the first time the black leader and white president found themselves face to face. i did not have. high expectations of a first meeting with mr mandela and when i did have my first meeting i did not try to achieve much for both the him and me that first meeting was to get an understanding of each other to get a feel for the person sitting across the table to start with mandela was much taller than he expected. and he was also very impressed by president of this demand that is aristocratic bearing because we must remember that that mandela was

actually raised to be the prime minister of the paramount chief of the ten booze so you have natural a natural sense of authority very dignified a very charming after that first meeting there was the feeling that yes we can do business with each other so i did expect that he would be positive about the concept of negotiation but we both of voided talking about the real challenges and the real issues at that time it was a sizing up process and so that was the beginning of of a long and sometimes very very rocky relationship. on february the second one thousand nine hundred ninety the eyes of thirty seven

million south africans were turned towards cape town for the opening of parliament didn't declare was about to pronounce his first general policy speech many were hoping he would commit the country to a new direction. it is time for us to break out of the cycle of violence and to break through to peace and reconciliation the steps that have been decided on the following the prohibition of the african national congress the pan africanist congress the south african communist party in a number of subsidiary organizations is being nice and people serving prison sentences merely because they were members of one of these organizations will be identified and released i think the clarke when he took over as president in one thousand nine. i was faced with a choice he knew that the country's economy was in really deep trouble he

knew we were almost facing a civil war inside the country and here suddenly the thing landed on his lap was he going to do more about it more oppression more police more military and destroy the economy get into a civil war or was he going to be the sturrock a figure that ended it all and i think the berlin wall helped him a lot because it was a strong argument to use to say we had to fight against the a.n.c. because they were communists but no communism is dead so now we can talk to them which made their message easier to accept by the white people however what is very crucial to make the point that this change meant the clear speech was not simply the result of a free condom nationalism of his party and of de klerk suddenly becoming good guys

and through the good heart deciding there must be a change it was the pressure from the struggle i wish to put it plainly that the government has taken a firm decision to release mr mandela unconditionally i'm serious i'm serious about being this matter to finality without dealing the speech i made on the second of february ninety ninety contained a package of measures of which the release not only of nelson mandela but also of all political prisoners was just a part i listed the state of emergency. i tried in that speech to do it that is each and every excuse in the sea could offer not to come to the negotiation table during that period we were the only

communicators and town and they had all of the t.v. cameras they needed to use. how and when to release the iconic mandela this was the subject of the second confrontation between the two men one week later at the president's office. i announced to him that he would be released on the eleventh of february and the first reaction was it's too soon and i said why is it too soon he said we need more time to prepare insisted that this process cannot work without me i am the key to this thing so when you want to release me you release me at a time that suits me and my family because i have to manage the a.n.c. and it was one of the things of new york my prisoner you will do as i say and i said to him mr mandela you and i will negotiate about many things but you been in

jail long enough you will be released on the eleventh of february let us discuss what time of the day and from where you will be released. on february eleventh one thousand nine hundred ninety at five o'clock in the oftener there was great excitement at the victor fest a prison everyone had been waiting for several hours to see nelson mandela released arm in arm with his wife when. after twenty seven years in jail a free seventy one year old man returned to his home in so wet oh determined to win freedom for his people. after four decades of conflict the adversaries mad over three days and put ischia

an official building in cape town in may nine hundred ninety the jailer and his former prisoner walked side by side presenting a court image there are bound to be difficulties but these cautious optimism as well as faith and conviction that problems will be solved by negotiation. and i trust that these discussions will be another milestone on the road to a new and just self that i think it was. overwhelmingly for and. it was like people who came to gather for the first time we didn't know each other but who wanted to meet the challenge. that was a that was a wonderful experience and was about the fact that. we suddenly realized them both sides that we had to work jointly and collectively. a way forward

and that the sponsible of the rest of us nobody else could take that is false and you can imagine. with the background of the participants. two sides that has been fighting each other. here were. suddenly being. of course there's a measure of mistrust. we do know al qaida still freeze when. we didn't know. but the point is we had to agree there's only one way to discover. that is to me. striking feature. of the discussions. which will have head. during the last three days. has been the act cordiality.

we have had. discussions on sensitive not. in a spirit of conciliation and understanding. despite the signature of a peace agreement for months later the relationship between de klerk on monday ella was tainted by violence around the often lethal conflict had broken out in various regions of south africa particularly in causing confrontations erupted to between a.n.c. supporters from the ethnic group and supporters of the i f p the in qatar freedom party made up of zulus and led by monk to buthelezi. not just that is the place is the. truth not in the lead us the people who get it through the beginning of a real discount. more people

got killed in south africa between one thousand nine and one thousand nine hundred four than were killed by a potted forces in the entire history of about it. there was a natural competition between the i of p n a n c u d f but it was aided and abetted by the former military and police people called it the force. the two big black groupings fighting and a third force egging them on and fomenting more violence leading police chiefs and intelligence chiefs including military intelligence we're working with elements of the put a lazy party and the soft course was how mundane the came to use that label and to the end and to accuse the clerk of the statistics. was to

a national party has got that dab agenda for the negotiations process on the one hand a talk about reform and change. that they still want to hold on to the economy and political power he said you see you don't care about the life lives of blacks that's why you have you have allowed that situation to develop and this is why these things have happened even of that we have given you our commitment even when we have been doing that had to discipline our people you behaved in this way because you don't care about black life i think the accusation that i didn't do enough was unfair and that was not based in fact from the moment that i started to have

a suspicion and also in conjunction with all the allegations they were making i appointed judith to judicial commissions of inquiry. the one commission of inquiry came up and opened up a can of worms to show that yes there were elements in the security forces against my orders against the policy i've laid down who continued with politically this had the underground activities that resulted in the dismissal time and of a big number of very senior officers the clerk of the difficulty he had to walk a tightrope he couldn't just walk into the military compensate well go give up your arms and see is taking over he had to take yet to move very carefully with the police and with the military. and he did it slowly and

and nelson mandela has indicated that he understood that so there was a game that mandela would put pressure on him. to disband and to end this that for violence and that that would defend. as the two leaders exchanged accusations about the causes of the violence talks continue and a conference was soon organized could desa the convention for a democratic south africa to discuss the country's future institutions three hundred delegates took part the a.n.c. and their allies demanded a majority electoral system where blacks would be dominant in the government declared his party wanted various measures to protect the white minority but on the very first day december twentieth one thousand nine hundred ninety one the talks almost collapsed when the club took the floor. the

only one. this is. really. all the other. do not have a jeweler's. those one cannot be done. to me but do be sure solutions if you only just peters closes leave until the only option. for certain films with our own schedule make the force not only to vote in years and years to the concept of up action. i spoke last and i made a strong attack on the see what went on oni's i sent a warning to president mandela that i would be making those statements the mission which i believe did not get to him so nelson mandela set there and watched

the kruk a decade in this way and i have never before or since seen mandela so angry at the result was then that mandela to the states again it's like going back to the microphone and started to make an attack on us that attack. i carry a concern. about the behavior. off mr de cat he has been less and friend. every half. hour and egypt has. discredited. my team as he. has several models and it's.

very few people. what might happen here with saturday. this week's thrice a new method of cremation is helping him to tradition become more and more and mentally friendly and we visit a danish community come in to have taken sustainability to new heights just over there on the horizon to some so i do it now they are officially one hundred percent renewable and. looking back on this is it the energy right generated we need a change on al-jazeera. this is the opportunity to understand in a very different way were there before anything happens and we don't leave. the presence on donald trump jr was promised damaging information about hillary clinton allegation to see the investigation sit down see the trump campaign

with russia did you at any time of the former f.b.i. director james comey in any way shape or form get closer to backing down the investigation into michael flynn and also as you will know. next question battlefield washington on al-jazeera. hello i'm barbara starr in london these are the top stories on al-jazeera venezuela's opposition leader who is calling on the international community to keep all options open following saturday's violent border clashes over american aid efforts to get supplies into the country the same didn't the violence between forces loyal to president to do it all and opposition activists get the has the

latest now from the colombian border where more venezuelans and had a confrontation with forces loyal to morta. they were confronted by a. national guardsman who started throwing. gas tear gas at them and also by armed the suv billionths allegedly part of the collective he was these paramilitary gang support of the government of president nicolas maduro and we heard at least a gunshot. just minutes ago and we understand that one person is wounded and the colombian police who is trying to see if they can do anything or if the volunteers can move them on the colombian side and see what's happening with him the head of the roman catholic church has called for an all out battle against the abuse of minors pope francis made the pledge on the fourth and final day of an unprecedented conference on sex abuse within the church the voting has just wrapped

up in senegal's presidential elections president salah seeking a second term in faces four main rivals to his. observers say as many as thirty five people were killed in election violence in nigeria on saturday it's expected to be a close call between president mohamed bihari and his main rival. and the red carpet is being rolled out for the academy awards in what could be a night of history making firsts for the film industry this nice black panther is the first superhero movie ever nominated for best picture meanwhile mexican film roma is also up for the top award if that wins it will be the first time the award has gone to a foreign language movie the freddie mercury by a pink bohemian rhapsody several awards to one of its directors has been dogged by controversy over allegations of sexual abuse and have more on the oscars and everything else we've been covering on the al-jazeera news hour that's coming up in

less than half an hour now face to face continues next hour by. call the muslim which is saying is now being held in pretrial detention for two years what is his crime. why hasn't he been tried yet why hasn't justice been applied in this case is he detained because he said charnel us as journalism become a crime have moles become a tool to silence weiss's of truth we will continue i news coverage with professionalism and impartiality our work will remain credible and accurate but journalism is not a crime incarcerating journalists is not acceptable we demand the immediate release of all colleague mahmoud to say and all journalists detained in a gyptian jails free mahmoud's and all his colleagues we stand for press freedom.

it's december one thousand nine hundred ninety one talks to an decades of apartheid in south africa are faltering president f.w. de klerk has just blames nelson mandela's a.n.c. for a surge in political violence mandela responds i hate it close . to fifty hated. mr decay he has been less and from. every day has. an agent to. discredit. my narrative to jeanne as he. has certain moral standards oh.

very few. what i had to dig with such as. when you responded. to the clerk was the closest we came to not having a negotiated solution i also think what he said is what mandela really thought about the clock he never said it publicly because he knew the kind of money is in knew he had to say i accept his bona fides he's a man of integrity otherwise his followers wouldn't do it but there he was and he is provoked and he was angry because he didn't he wasn't warned and and that was a scary moment and i think that told me everything i wanted to know about the relationship between the track and and mandela it was a terrible one it was not only assured that he was fighting for the ride for his people and what they believed in and what should one expect more from any man he

could have been very rude and very brutal if need be and all of this lift a mark it left a scar. or go sit on their person little unsure but also on the process and a need to cause some damage unavoidably so. the negotiations would last for months under the pressure of white extremists declared called a referendum in march one thousand nine hundred two asking almost three million white voters if they approved of the path he was taking more than two thirds of them voted yes. on june seventeenth one thousand nine hundred ninety two zulus from the in cutter freedom party left their hostel accommodation and headed for the boy petang timeship near johannesburg where the attacked a.n.c. supporters forty five people were brutally killed in the massacre the repercussions were dramatic exasperated mandela was very ill and in his response.

and that point in time. the administration of hitler was only you knew that he had the capacity and the power and the command was there was there to do those people and therefore to prevent that from happening even when that what was was going to happen intelligence would have reported that they had their. pileup of stocks of was there and then there were people that they members who went to that i can no longer explain to our up it. was a we're continuing to talk to our government where it's him which is not our to go up if we're. not. to why do we are

provoked we can fight back he alleged at that stage on behove the a.n.c. that this was an example of government forces that were utilized and that point has never been proved but even through the consideration commission it was that they saw mandela break off the negotiation it became frozen. we launched in that period almost immediately a call for roading mass action to revive and get to very high level the activity of the the masses in marches demonstrations protest. in early august ninety ninety two a campaign of strikes and demonstrations was launched the power struggle culminated on august the fifth with the march on pretoria the country's political capital

was. in front of tens of thousands of supporters mandela came to openly defied the clerk beneath the windows of the union building was the official seat of government and in the violence. the in big there is the nation of an intact and out. and they're free and finally lashes fat and sage honest and low. they say to their nads. on stage you know after tomorrow's all you have sat under the counter. then i less than that satisfaction heard by the government. negara ca says kent cannot and will not

a zero. the a.n.c. maintain the pressure he and dick clarke were no longer speaking but in secret their lieutenants continued the discussions on the future of south africa. another massacre oblige the two men to officially renew the negotiations on september the seventh one thousand nine hundred ninety two and a small town in the homeland of sisk i seventy thousand e.n.c. supporters demonstrated against a local military leader supported by the government security forces opened fire killing twenty nine people and wounding hundreds of others. out of the big issue issue came a meeting between our officials and the clerics and the decision

to carry on and resume with the negotiations desperately seeking an agreement to clerk capitulated and ceded to mandela's demands in september nine hundred ninety two the principles behind the future constitution were determined it would be a majority system the white minority would have no veto or particular protection the date for the first multi-racial and democratic elections was set april twenty seventh one thousand nine hundred ninety four. it was therefore two electoral rivals who went to also in december nine hundred ninety three to receive the nobel peace prize in. norway the two men attempted to put on a good show but dick clark could barely conceal his frustration. i

think the decision of the nobel peace laureate committee was a very courageous decision and the award to more must among dello was a popular one the award to me was a controversial award because people said but i have practiced a partake in the past i had no problem with their system on download receiving it at times it appeared as if he and the a.n.c. did not like very much the fact that it was also wanted to me i know that there were two that felt. nelson should not have shared with him i think that would have been a terrible mistake their contribution through the nobel peace prize was their contribution to say we congratulate you the people of south africa you for it

amongst each other but in the course of that fight you learn to appreciate each other as human e.-t. . and mandela was irritated by this man from the apartheid regime the people who put him in jail the people who oppressed these own people for so long trying to say i ended up after it praise me the credit felt that he did not get enough credit for ending up after it and he wanted to be on the international stage he wanted to be. the big the big historical figure but he was mandela he was the biggest icon in the world so. the two perspectives and the two egos really clashed and it was also difficult because there was a very strong and he apartheid lobby in norway didn't want him to get the you the

prize atoll and at one stage mandela went out on to a balcony or. of the group the hotel and the main road of ours alone and the norwegians who were supposed to be having a torchlight parade boo de klerk and they had shared mandela so it was a bit humiliating for ford. back in south africa the presidential election campaign proved to be extremely tense. in carter's zulus threatens not to take part in the vote and violent confrontations were frequent even in the center of johannesburg.

as the world focused on a few days before the vote the two candidates faced off in a historic televised debate. where have what that plan appeared at the time i was up again and a better life means housing starts free conduct education hospital services we believe that there is out here neither the audience sees policy. is riddled with that which has failed it is riddled still with clinging to nationalize ation you want good investments as long as that is the case they says that applause often men or is not used to address the as signees of the charter to the population or as

government is committed for a small minority he is not alarmed at that or have for devote so much of his last. or is called sounds like. they just in general how do you write him off if you talk about. that god forbid the nation and nation beauty i am proud to hold your. thought as to profile. on election day no one doubted that mandela's a.n.c. would imagine is the victim the question was whether the party would gain two thirds of the vote. the final score

was indisputable sixty two percent for the a.n.c. i'm just twenty percent for the national party. i hold out my hand to mr mandela in friendship and cooperation as far as my own post position is concerned i should like to make it clear. that i believe that my political task is just beginning everything that we have done so far the four years of difficult and often frustrating negotiations the problem and the crises. abin simply a blip in a ration for the work that lies in it. on

may tenth one thousand nine hundred ninety four after four years of negotiations and several thousand people killed in political violence nelson mandela became president of south africa he was seventy five years old. i think all for the future i think it's a good idea he falls over africa finally there that which we have set out to achieve as bigots. thought it was a glorious moment. because it was peaceful it was accepted by the war the leaders of the world with their defeat on that day a sword as the conclusion of these projects that started in one thousand eight hundred nine. according to the terms of an agreement signed in one thousand nine hundred three mandela led a government of national unity assisted by two vice presidents tab on becky one of

his right hand men and frederick declare. so you have made it big enough local fathers and i live in. madison. growing up my son. very for the better public are full of it. so. i knew it was apartheid was overcome the last white president attending the swearing in of south africa's first black president. my overwhelming sense was a feeling of accomplishment yes i had questions and i still have it in my mind. whether we will be able to stay on the right path there are threats and there are

always dangers that even if you reach a good agreement that in the implementation of the agreement things can go wrong but my general sense was one of this is a good day for south. over parties with more than twenty deputies were represented in the government of national unity intended to last five years a coalition unique in the world took office a cabinet when a former president officiated under the orders of his successor both at the head of opposing parties. facing a monday alone never chaired the cabinet. becky the other deputy president and i

chaired the cabinet on meditational basis it was a good experience i realized and in serialize that they needed to gain experience in governance they've been a liberation movement they've been agitated as they've been fighting they've been fighters in the field they didn't know how to deal with the civil service he possibly thought that his presence in the government of national unity. will give him the authority to teach then you'll come ice. how to do things. whereas he or trevor invested that he was also a newcomer into a situation that was new on twitter but there were moments when the. i could see mr mandela getting frustrated it. all took patience between mandela and

dick clark hit the headlines. in january nine hundred ninety five i heated disputes during a cabinet meeting which forced dick clarke and mandela to stage a public reconciliation for the media. the main focus of our discussion was our past non working relationship our discussion was frank. and with character in some detail with all of the issues which caused the recent confrontation between us. we did not ask for an apology we are asked for the recognition of al good faith. honesty and our integrity in the process of the confrontation also my confidence

in the president was shaken. and our talk this morning achieved also the race to relation of that confidence. i'm shaking you know you love movement on the t.v. . often about eighteen months the a.n.c. started to feel they've had enough of a learning experience. and then they started to try and silence me because i was not only an executive deputy president i was also the political leader of the main political opposition part and they were trying to say i cannot in public criticize the citizens with which i disagreed in the cabinet because i'm an executive differently president that was part of the problem which six months later after two years but old me to the

decision with my party to withdrawal from the government of national unity i think that the clear and his group where feeling that they were losing too much support from the white constituency and that if they remained in government with the a.n.c. they would continue to lose all that support again i think the plexi go in the way that and his personal circumstances and we sometimes talk about politicians and forget that they are ordinary human beings the clerk at the fall in love married a new young woman a beautiful woman that he was very much in love with he lost his appetite for dirty politics for hard politics. and instead of leaving his party inside and

going to die with lovely elites he took them all out declared can this party left the government in june one thousand eighty six shortly after the adoption of the country's new constitution and mandela himself left politics in one thousand nine hundred nine handing over to top of baccy. in just six years of a hard fought to do the two men had to learn to clean change the course of their country's history and forever bound their own destinies they continued to see each other far from the political turmoil like in two thousand and six at a hotel in cape town at frederick declared seventieth birthday. i mean. once they had retired they knew that they the two of them played a special role. in history. and they never became friends but on

the one or two occasions public occasions they said nice things what. we did. at night if i disappear in a moment of doubt all the words. are all. right l o o. o o. and. what. i had occasion in the us was that our country has not sufficient knowledge. icarus all go. out ever get your get your. man a good us boy with the. president mandela made. a wonderful sold speech. at a function for all friends and family. i was deeply touched. by that

a completion he gave to my contribution to. help to bring peace to south africa i was deeply touched by the personal warmth which he extended to me. i even god a little bit if i can remember well. the

weather. across a good pot of australia has been unusually dry pretty warm to into darwin recently no reason why that should change the charts of wanted sea shells around the fall north of the country but fast side does look hot dry and sunny for many thirty five celsius for adelaide thirty one in melbourne not quite as warm as that full path that twenty eight degrees winds up to thirty three though as we go on into what choose stay down towards the southeast in kona with a little colder than twenty four celsius but adelaide still getting up to around thirty four degrees for the north it's generally fine try one improving weather just along the gulf coast that just along the east coast of australia southeastern corner of queensland as that decaying tropical side moves out if the way meanwhile we have still got some other unsettled weather making its way across the state in the face of class in tow head winds coming from the south as we go through monday fifteen celsius for crush so on the cold side it warms up that was we go on into

tuesday twenty degrees by that state twenty two in all confined and dry and the winds should feel quite pleasant surprise and enough to across a good parts of japan temperatures intake at thirteen says on monday they will cola for tuesday. monch on al-jazeera maggi has done debates discusses and dissects the big issues of our times in head to heads thailand votes on march the twenty fourth and its first general election since the twenty fourteen military coup join us for special coverage in a powerful new film residents of occupied jerusalem share their thoughts on its past present and future deal or no deal what does the future hold for breadsticks we'll bring you the latest as the march the twenty ninth deadline for the u.k. to move the e.u. edges nearer and we examine the development of an unusual alliance between radical

buddhist monks and the military and me and mom much on al-jazeera. to. cut down. just. hello i'm barbara sara this is the al-jazeera news hour live from london thanks for joining us coming up in the next sixty minutes the u.s. secretary of state says president are numbered after venezuelan opposition

supporters are killed and injured trying to get aid into the country pope francis calls priests who abuse children tools of satan but leave survivors disappointed after this conference to tackle the problem. voting wraps up in senegal where macky sall is confident of winning a second term as president plus. we're live in hollywood where it could be a night of firsts for the oscars with an action movie or foreign language film taking home the biggest prize. as small have all the day's sport including. chelsea in the leak out final as the english really excited look to win for trophies this season. we begin the hour with the crisis in venezuela and the u.s. secretary of state mine. saying president they are numbered this is opposition

leader who calls on the international community to keep all options open following saturday's violent border clashes over american aid efforts to get supplies into the country descended into violence between forces loyal to president and opposition activists two people were killed in clashes near the brazilian border on saturday and some three hundred others were injured another two people died on friday colombia says one hundred four of the troops have now defected to the opposition its president even duquesne met some of them while he visited the venezuelan border to survey the damage he's ordered the crossing between the countries be closed for forty eight hours and called for diplomatic efforts against little to be stepped up. well venezuela's opposition leader one who has condemned the attacks on aid trucks on the border he was speaking in the colombian capital but with i had of a meeting on monday with the team of the lima group and the u.s.

vice president of the year. yesterday we saw an unprecedented crime with the burning of humanitarian aid the generously arrived to the colombian collection point and which was then handed over to venezuelan volunteers they insist that it's necessary to save lives venezuela is again in crisis today were arriving a bogota for the lima group summit will meet with vice president of the united states mike pence. but let's go to sender and he joins us live now from the colombian side of the simone believe a border bridge which of course was a flashpoint in the clashes on saturday just as we were come to you i listened i could see some venezuelan police on horseback this sort of going right behind you tell us a little bit about how many of them there are and what exactly is happening there now. that that was

police here on the colombian side of the border you probably also saw people running and what just happened that there has just been another defection. part of the members of anything i'm asking them guards so people are running. because two members now they're telling us two members of the national guard just crossed illegally into talking to colombian police just meters from us so far one hundred in and four according to colombia's migration services members of the venezuelan forces have defected in the last two days these would be there too so the number would be a hundred and the six we're not able now to confirm for certain their identity but

this is what we are understanding that it's happening also scuffles continue through out the day here we had a call morning and some of the protesters started again clashing with the minister of national guards and with the civilians who support president nicolas maduro part of this so-called collectables or collective in the french. revolution. any news on the actual aid that of course sparked all the violence on the saturday i mean it's presumably not there now but any news about a possible new attempt on behalf of the colombian government. we we've spoken to. the within a certain opposition leadership who is here this was off the record or on background at least since there hasn't been any official statement told us that at least for now there will be no other attempt to move the inside. venice where

a lot will depend on what happens on monday in. the lima group of the fourteen latin american countries that support. the leader of the venezuelan opposition by spreading to the u.s. mike pence will also be in on monday also representatives of canada so we're going to have to see what happens there we've heard that an official. close to. the u.s. secretary of state is saying that mike pence tomorrow will talk about concrete the measures against me. that what happened on saturday the violence they will not deter the u.s. from continuing to try and move the inside business where. speaking to us there from the town the colombian side of the colombia venezuela border

listen to for the moment thank you lucien human sent us this update a little earlier from the venezuelan side of the cmon believe bridge. we're about three blocks from the city bridge which is closed like every other pass between me at this hour but these people have just come from colombia having crossed over the illegal crossings the people who've just come back from colombia afraid to talk to us on camera but off camera they say they went over to the other side to try to bring the food and medicine aid back into the country it didn't work but they have family here children so they couldn't stay. after saturday's failed attempt to bring the aid and the terror campaign unleashed by paramilitary groups here in the mood is gloomy and so while some arrive others are trying to leave to join the millions of venezuelans who migrated to colombia and beyond. the keeping traffickers hooper

a small feet take venezuelans across the dozens of us or illegal passes to operate along that israel is permeable border. but right now it's not so easy says but. the whole area as well as the bridges militarized the army even set up containers to block the passage we need help from the outside world she says. and that help some people here are you should come in the form of military intervention to overthrow the government if all else fails but many others argue innocent civilians would be the ones to die for those who remain here in venezuela the closing of the border is a severe blow many people here live from commerce from trading back and forth between venezuela and colombia they bring things that you can't find here in venezuela essential goods like medicine and people don't know when this border is going to open again all they know is that their lives will probably become even more difficult now. they are in the venezuelan side of the border with colombia

will mohammed joins us now live from baghdad i remember that's on the brazilian border and obviously was around there that we saw four deaths between friday and saturday and paint us a picture of what's happening there now. well barbara if you see behind me there is a line of brazilian security forces what happened is a few hours ago there was a second round of clashes taking place in the no man's land between brazil and venezuela venezuelan migrants as well as venezuelan security forces hurling rocks at each other at one point there was more tear gas that was hurled towards those men as well and migrants shortly after all that started happening the brazilian security forces moved quickly to try to deescalate things so what they did is they pushed everybody back from their side of the border from their side of this no man's land area of the border as you will and then things got substantially calmer things did pick up a bit in the last hour because there was

a group of about two hundred is our best estimate. venezuelan government demonstrators who marched in from venezuela into this no man's land area i don't know if you can see the flags that are waving behind us there is a brazilian flag and it is wailing flag the venezuelan flag had been taken down yesterday by venezuelan migrants as a sign of defiance in the fact that they are so angry with venezuelan president nicolas maduro what happened is these two hundred or so pro-government demonstrators marched into this area remained on the venezuelan side of the no man's land and put up another flag they want to make sure the venezuelan flag is flying there at full staff now beyond that we also heard from two venezuelan security forces army members who defected here into brazil last night they came out spoke to the assembled present short time ago talked about the fact that they were now supporting venezuelan opposition leader won quite go farber one hundred ten june then that i am there on the brazil venezuela border one hundred thank you. and

for more let's speak to antonella cruz e's the executive director of intermarriage trends think tank and joins us from washington d.c. sir thank you so much for joining us here on al jazeera so one quite asking the international community to keep all options open we have that meeting on monday tomorrow the lima group meeting involve attack in colombia a group for posed to a doer of neighboring nations and beyond what do you think why do is asking for if not military intervention. call concrete steps. to come after the a bloke at the border yesterday missed the boat as a person the united states pains will be there in that meeting port. what they're looking for the full options are on the table but they need now to lay out a new. route to put the aid to human to human terry into women who are.

so i mean what one guy do himself it sort of created this day of the twenty third of february in the sense that that was the day he said the aid was going to flow into venezuela i guess he was trying to to shame the government perhaps to get more defections from the military and bring aid into the people who are suffering venezuela but he failed in all those fronts and in a frank effectively was a huge miscalculation on behalf of one who was in it yes it is but if the news that when he said that he thought it had the assurance that the military will lead the humanitarian aid to get into the country but what happened yesterday was that it was not the military who didn't allow that into the country what the parliamentary ganz that might do.