for hours on end and nobody not is almost the archetype of an african a nationalist mandela use that to get to know the mayans of the afrikaans the minds of the national party and by the time he came out he knew more or less what they were what they were thinking what was possible what wasn't possible in knew more or less how to treat them. both at home and abroad calls for mandela's release grew louder and gained more support his party the a.n.c. represented him as the symbol of the anti-apartheid struggle. in early one nine hundred eighty nine bhutto was weakened by a stroke shortly after a secret meeting with mandela he was forced to resign as party leader and later as president. i

relented in august his former minister fredrik de klerk age fifty three took over as president of the country his priority to end the deadlock crippling south africa . on december thirteenth one thousand nine hundred eighty nine mandela left the victor vasta prison for a few hours he was secretly taken to the center of cape town to detain heis the president's office for the first time the black leader and white president found themselves face to face. i did not have. high expectations of a first meeting with mr mandela and when i did have my first meeting i did not try to achieve much for both the him and me that first meeting was to get. an understanding of each other to get a feel for the person sitting across the table to start with mandela was much

taller than he expected and he was also very impressed by president of mr mandela's aristocratic bearing because we must remember that that mandela was actually raised to be the prime minister of the paramount chief of the ten booze so he had natural and natural sense of authority very dignified a very charming after that first meeting there was the feeling that yes we can do business with each other so i did expect that he would be positive about the concept of negotiation but we both of voided talking about the real challenges and the real issues at that time it was a sizing up process and so that was the beginning of of a long and sometimes very very rocky relationship.

on february the second one thousand nine hundred ninety the eyes of thirty seven million south africans were turned towards cape town for the opening of parliament didn't declare was about to pronounce his first general policy speech many were hoping he would commit the country to a new direction. it is time for us to break out of the cycle of violence and to break through to peace and reconciliation the steps that have been decided on the following the prohibition of the african national congress the pan african as congress the south african communist party in a number of subsidiary organizations is being nice and. people serving prison sentences merely because they were members of one of these organizations will be identified and released i think the clark when he took over as president in one

thousand nine was faced with a choice he knew that the country's economy was in really deep trouble he knew we were almost facing a civil war inside the country and here suddenly the thing landed on his lap was he going to do more about it more oppression more police more military and destroy the economy get into a civil war or was he going to be the sturrock a figure that ended the war and i think the berlin wall helped him a lot because it was a strong argument to use to say we had to fight against the a.n.c. because they were communists but no communism is dead sanaa we can talk to them which made their message easier to accept by the white people however what is very crucial to make the point that this change. the clear speech

was not simply the result of a free condom nationalism of his party and of the clerk suddenly becoming good guys and through the good heart the siding there must be a change it was the pressure from the struggle i wish to put it plainly that the government has taken a firm decision to release mr mandela unconditionally i'm serious i'm serious about being this matter to finality without dealing the speech i made on the second of february ninety ninety contained a package of measures. of which the release not only of nelson mandela but also of all political prisoners was just a part i listed the state of emergency i tried in that speech to

add that is each and every excuse in the sea could offer not to come to the negotiation table and during that period we were the only communicators in town and they had all of the t.v. cameras they needed to use. how and when to release the iconic mandela this was the subject of the second confrontation between the two men one week later at the president's office. i announced to him that he would be released on the eleventh of february. and the first reaction was it's too soon and i said why is it too soon he said we need more time to prepare insisted that this process cannot work without me i am the key to this thing so when you want to release me you release me at

a time that suits me and my family because i have to manage the a.n.c. and it was one of the things of. your my prisoner you will do as i say and i said to him mr mandela you and i will negotiate about many things but you been in jail long enough you will be released on the eleventh of february let us discuss what time of the day and from where you will be in east. on february eleventh one thousand nine hundred ninety at five o'clock in the oftener there was great excitement at the victor fest a prison everyone had been waiting for several hours to see nelson mandela released arm in arm with his wife when. after twenty seven years in jail

a free seventy one year old man returned to his home in so wet oh determined to win freedom for his people. after four decades of conflict the adversaries met over three days and put ischia an official building in cape time in may nine hundred ninety the jailer and his former prisoner walked side by side presenting a court image there are bound to be difficulties but these cautious optimism as well as faith and conviction that problems will be solved by negotiation. and i trust that these discussions will be another milestone on the road to a new and just self that i think it was. overwhelmingly for and. it was like people who paying together for the first time we didn't know

each other but who wanted to meet the challenge. that was a that was a wonderful experience and was about the fact that. we suddenly realized on both sides that we had to work jointly and collectively. a way forward and the doctors all of the rest of us nobody else could take that as false and you can imagine that. with the background of the participants. two sides of the being fighting each other. here were. suddenly being. of course there's a measure of mistrust. we do know al qaida still. we didn't know. but the point is we had to agree there's only one way to discover that is to me. striking feature.

of the discussions. which will have head. during the last three days. has been the act cordiality. we have had. discussions on sensitive not. in a spirit of conciliation and understanding. despite the signature of a peace agreement four months later the relationship between de klerk on monday l.-a was tainted by violence around the often lethal conflict had broken out in various regions of south africa particularly in causing confrontations erupted to between a.n.c. supporters from the ethnic group and supporters of the i f p the in qatar freedom party made up of zulus and led by monks to buthelezi. not just that is the

place is there or. not in the lead us the people who can run it through the beginning of a real discount. more people got killed in south africa between one thousand nine and one thousand nine hundred four done were killed by a potted forces in the entire history of a part that. there was a natural competition between the i of p n a n c u d f but it was aided and abetted by the former military and police people called it the force. the two big black grouping fighting and a third force egging them on and fomenting more violence leading police teats and intelligence chiefs including military intelligence we're working with elements of the put to lazy party and the soft course was how mundane the came to use that

label and to and to accuse the clerk of the statistics. was the and the national party has got that dab agenda for the negotiations process on the one hand aid talk about reform and change. that they still want to hold on to economic and political power he said you see you don't care about the live lives of blacks that's why you have you have allowed that situation to develop and this is why these things have happened even of that we have given you our commitment even when we have been doing that had to discipline the people you behaved in this way

because you don't care about black life i think the accusation that i didn't do enough was unfair and that was not based in fact from the moment that i started to have a suspicion and also in conjunction with all the allegations they were making i appointed judit to judicial commissions of inquiry. the one commission of inquiry came up and opened up a can of worms to show that yes there were elements in the security forces against my orders against the policy i've laid down who continued with politically this have the underground activities that resulted in the dismissal time and of a big number of very senior officers the clerk of the difficulty he had to walk a tightrope he couldn't just walk into the military compensate well go give up your

arms the n.c.s. taking over he had to take yet to move very carefully with the police and with the military. and he did it slowly and and nelson mandela has indicated that he understood that so there was a game that mandela would put pressure on him. to disband and to end the violence and that that would defend. as the two leaders exchanged accusations about the causes of the violence talks continues and a conference was soon organized could desa the convention for the democratic south africa to discuss the country's future institutions three hundred delegates took part the a.n.c. and their allies demanded a majority electoral system where blacks would be dominant in the government declared his party wanted various measures to protect the white minority but on the

very first day december twentieth one thousand nine hundred ninety one the talks almost collapsed when the club took the floor. the only one. this is. really. all the other. do not have a jeweler's. those one cannot beat those who lived. through the shooting solution if you only just peters loss' only until to mention. proserpina films with own schedule make the horse not go to vote in you and your to the concept of not action. i spoke last and i made a strong attack on the sea what went on means i sent

a warning to president mandela that i would be making those statements the mission which i believe did not get to him so nelson mandela set that and watched the kruk a decade in this way and i have never before or since seen mandela so angry at the result was then that mandela to the states again so i think back to the microphone and started to make an attack on us that. i heard a concern. take to behave. off mystic to cat he has less and friends. every day have.

a digital. discredited. minority team as he. has certain moral standards oh. very few did. what i had to here with such a. being located outside that western centrex fair of influence we're able to bring a different perspective to global that. when you peel away all of the lists a covert military in the financial darkening you see the people in those words less policies are affecting see the emotional faces the situation they're living in that's when all the others can identify with the story. between two thousand and two thousand and seven there was nothing racist murders in

different parts of germany but the police were painfully slow to track down the killer. al jazeera world reveals the truth about the deaths linked by a single weapon the involvement of the far right and the serious political fallout that ensued the cheska murders case solved on al-jazeera. element of the problem and or however the headlines on al-jazeera the first twenty five people are now thought to have been killed along venezuela's border with brazil as security forces try to block foreign aid getting into the country u.s.

vice president mike pence will be in colombia's capital to meet venezuela's opposition leader on why bill and other regional leaders. at the moment we estimate there are twenty five people dead and eighty four injured the thing is we don't control the hospital the military controls it the people they killed they put them in an armored vehicle and took them to a military base that's why we're not sure of the exact number of did. the u.s. special envoy zalmay hellions are has arrived and cover for talks with the afghan taliban is co-founder and political chief. but others among several senior taliban members who are attending the four day summit aimed at ending the seventeen year war but others presents the scene as a significant boost for the discussions. people living in indian administered kashmir say there's a shortage of fuel and gas as the military continues its crackdown on separatists shops and businesses were closed over the weekend in protest against the government

police and paramilitary soldiers are patrolling the streets in the capital city mega tensions between india and pakistan remain high after a suicide bomb attack killed at least fourteen indian soldiers earlier this month senegal's prime minister says president mathew sol has won reelection a claim rejected by the opposition official results from the weekend election have yet to be announced but the winning candidate must get more than fifty percent of the vote to avoid a second round or counting is also taking place in nigeria after the presidential elections there on saturday it's expected to be a tight race between president in the home of the hardy and his main driver. the election was marred by violence at least thirty five people were killed. person's home secretary wants to ban hezbollah and its and tarty deeming it a terrorist organization sided jabbered says the lebanese armed group continues to try and destabilize the middle east the group including its political party is expected to be added to the country's banned terrorist organizations as is already

considered a terrorist organization by the us canada israel the arab league and the gulf council. those are the headlines on al-jazeera do stay with us face to face continues next thank you very much for watching. it's december nine hundred ninety one talks to end decades of apartheid in south africa faltering president f.w. de klerk has just blames nelson mandela. for a surge in political violence mandela. behavior. often used to tat here have been left and friend. ever to have. any jitters.

discredited. my team as he. has several models and it's hope. that if you did. what i have to do with saturn and. when you responded to the clock was the closest we came to not having a negotiated solution i also think what he said that is what mandela really thought about the clock he never said it publicly because he knew the kind of money is he knew he had to say i accept he's bonafide he's he's a man of integrity otherwise he's followers wouldn't do it but day he was and he was provoked and he was angry because he didn't he wasn't warned and and that was a scary moment and i think that told me everything i wanted to know about the

relationship between the truck and and mandela it was a terrible one he was not only assured that he was fighting for that i'd for his people and what they believed in and what should. expect more from any man he could have been very rude. and very brutal if need be and all of this lift a mock it left a scar. across it on their person little unsure but also on the process and a need to cause some damage unavoidably so. the negotiations would last for months under the pressure of white extremists declared called a referendum in march nine hundred ninety two asking almost three million white voters if they approved of the path he was taking more than two thirds of them voted yes. on june seventeenth one thousand nine hundred ninety two zulus from the in ca to freedom party left their hostile accommodation and headed

for the boy put on timeship johannesburg where they attacked a.n.c. supporters forty five people were brutally killed in the massacre the repercussions were dramatic exasperated mandela was very ill and in his response. at that point in time the administration of the it was the only body that had the capacity and the power and the command was there was there to do those people and therefore to prevent that from happening even when that was was going to be intelligence would have reported that there there's a. pileup of stocks of arms there and then there were people that were they members who went through that i can no longer x. they. will

continue. to work at work of no return which is their go to go up if. they're not. why do we are provoked. we can't fight back he alleged a dead stage on behold the again see that this was an example of government forces that were utilized and that point has never been proved even through the consideration commission it was that that saw mandela break off the negotiation it became frozen. we launched in that period almost immediately a call for roading mass action to revive and get to very high level the activity of the the masses in marches demonstrations

protest. in early august ninety ninety two a campaign of strikes and demonstrations was launched the power struggle culminated on august the fifth with the march on pretoria the country's political capital was. in front of tens of thousands of supporters mandela came to openly defied declare beneath the windows of the union building the official seat of government and did not find out it was. the big that is the nation of unintended and that it. had their freedom and fame lashes fat and say john assemble. they say to the mat. on stage you know after tomorrow's all you have sat next to the continent. then i less than that

satisfactory by the government. negara ca's is can't cannot and the way not to zero. the a.n.c. maintain the pressure he and dick clark were no longer speaking but in secret their lieutenants continued the discussions on the future of south africa. another massacre of blights the two men to officially renew the negotiations on september the seventh one thousand nine hundred ninety two and a small town in the homeland of cisco by seventy thousand a.n.c. supporters demonstrated against

a local military leader supported by the government security forces opened fire killing twenty nine people and wounding hundreds of others. out of the big issue issued came a meeting. between our officials and the clerks and the decision to carry on and resume with the negotiations desperately seeking an agreement to clerk capitulated and ceded to mandela's demands in september nine hundred ninety two the principles behind the future constitution were determined it would be a majority system the white minority would have no veto or particular protection the date for the first multi racial and democratic elections was set april twenty seventh one thousand nine hundred ninety four.

it was therefore two electoral rivals who went to also in december nine hundred ninety three to receive the nobel peace prize in norway the two men attempted to put on a good show but de klerk could barely conceal his frustration. i think the decision of the nobel peace laureate committee was a very courageous decision the award to more mr mandela was a popular one the award to me was a controversial award because people said but i have practiced a part in the past i had no problem with this the mondello receiving me at times it appeared as if he and the a.n.c. did not like very much the fact that it was also ordered to me i know that they went through that felt. nelson should not have shared with

him i think that would have been a terrible mistake their contribution through the nobel peace prize was their contribution to say. we congratulate you the people of south africa you forward amongst each other but in the course of that fight you learn to appreciate each other's humanity. and mandela was irritated by this man from the apartheid regime the people who put him in jail the people who oppressed these own people for so long trying to say i ended up at it praise me the clerk felt that he did not get enough credit for ending up after it and he wanted to be on the international stage he wanted to be. the big the biggest oracle figure but he was mandela he was the biggest icon in the

world so the two perspectives and the two egos really clashed and it was also difficult because there was a very strong anti apartheid lobby and that in no way we didn't want him to get the you the prize atoll and at one stage she and mandela went out on to a balcony or. of the group the hotel and the main road of oslo and the norwegians who were supposed to be having a torchlight parade who declare committee chaired mandela so it was of a two million at him for forty. back in south africa the presidential election campaign proved to be extremely

tense. in ca to those who threatened not to take part in the vote and violent confrontations were frequent even in the center of johannesburg. as the world focuses on a few days before the vote the two candidates faced off in a historic televised debate. where have. the period at that time i think it had the better lives of millions of. jobs. free of quantitative geishas hospital services we believe that that is out and he had neither the end she's policy

is riddled with that which has failed it is riddled still with clinging to nationalize ation you want good investments as long as that is the case this is the replied off and then or is not used to address the basic needs of the charter to the population or is government is committed. by noted he is not alarmed at that or have to devote so much of his last. or his concerns that. they just in general thank you thank you for. that as well to gather for it consternation and nation beauty i am proud to hold your hand. profile five i'm.

on election day no one doubted that mandela's a.n.c. would be my just the victim the question was whether the party would gain two thirds of the vote. the final score was indisputable sixty two percent for the end seen i'm just twenty percent for the national party. i hold out my hand to most of mondello in friendship and cooperation as far as my own post position is going so. i should like to make it clear. that i believe that my political task is just beginning everything that we have done so far the four years of difficult and often frustrating negotiations the problem and the crises. abin simply a blip in ration for the work that lies in that.

on may tenth one thousand nine hundred ninety four after four years of negotiations and several thousand people killed in political violence nelson mandela became president of south africa he was seventy five years old. i think all for the future i think it's a good idea for self africa finally there that feature we have set out to achieve as biggest. the truck thought it was a glorious moment. because it was peaceful it was accepted by the wall the leaders of the world with their defeat on that day he saw it as the conclusion

of these project that started in one thousand eight hundred nine. according to the terms of an agreement signed in one thousand nine hundred three monday led a government of national unity assisted by two vice presidents tabu and becky one of his right hand men and frederick declared. joined up by it you know what father and i love. i. madison. america. growing up by side. if a for better public are full of. self-doubt that. i knew was ushered in apartheid was overcome the last white president attending the swearing in of south africa's first black president.

my overwhelming sense. was a feeling of accomplishment. yes i have questions and i still have it in my mind. whether we will be able to stay on the right path there are threats and there are always dangers that even if you reach a good agreement that in the implementation of the agreement things can go wrong but my general sense was one of this is a good day for south. over parties with more than twenty deputies were represented in the government of national unity intended to last five years

a coalition unique in the world took office a cabinet when a former president officiated under the orders of his successor both at the head of opposing parties. there's a monday along never chaired the cabinet in becky the other deputy president and i chaired the cabinet on meditational basis it was a good experience i realized and serialize that they needed to gain experience in governance they've been a liberation movement they've been agitated as they've been fighting they've been fighters in the field they didn't know how to deal with the civil service he possibly thought that his presence in the government of national unity. will give him though thought a teacher teach then you'll come ice. how to do things.

whereas he ought to have won best through that he was also a new comer. into a situation that was new on twitter to put in there were moments when the. i could see mr mandela getting frustrated. alter cations between mandela and dick clark hit the headlines. in january nine hundred ninety five i heated disputes during a cabinet meeting which forced declare and mandela to stage a public reconciliation for the media. the main focus of our discussion was our best non working relationship our discussion was frank and with keratin some detail with all of the issues which caused the recent confrontation between us. we did not ask for an apology.

we are asked for the recognition of al good faith. honesty and i would integrity in the process of the confrontation also my confidence in the president was shaken and our talk this morning achieved also the race to relation of that confidence. i'm shaking you know you want movement on the fever. often about eighteen months the a.n.c. started to feel they've had enough of a learning experience. and then they started to try and silence me because i was not only an executive deputy president i was also the political leader of the main political opposition part and they were trying to

say i cannot in public criticize the citizens with which i disagreed in the cabinet because i'm an executive differently president. that was part of the problem which six months later after two years brought me to the decision with my party who was there all from the government of national unity i think that the clerk and his group were feeling that they were losing too much support from the white constituency and that if they remained in government with the a.n.c. they would continue to lose all that support again i think the clerics ego came in the way that and he's personal circumstances and we sometimes talk about politicians and forget that the ordinary human beings the clerk at the fall in love

married a new young woman a beautiful woman that he was very much in love with he lost his appetite for dirty politics for hard politics and instead of leaving his party inside and going to die with lovely aelita he took them all out declared can this party left the government in june one thousand nine hundred six shortly after the adoption of the country's new constitution mandela himself left politics in one thousand nine hundred ninety nine handing over to topple becky. in just six years of a hard for to do you the two men had to learn to clean change the course of their country's history and forever bound their own destinies they continued to see each other far from the political turmoil like in two thousand and six at a hotel in cape town that fed it to clerics seventieth birthday.

i mean. once they had retired. they knew that they the two of them played a special role. in history and they never became friends but on the one or two occasions public occasions they said nice things about each other we didn't threaten. at cardiff i visited in mobile thought all the lives that are lost by a time out of say oh of. our own. and devoted us way to what. i call clayson in the us i will say that our country does not suffer as something of normal. occurrence although. out ever got rewarded or. managed to get us away with our.

president mandela made. a wonderful short speech. at a function for l. friends and family. i was deeply touched. by that a completion he gave to my contribution to. help to bring peace to south africa i was deeply touched by the personal warmth which he extended to me. i even guide a little bit if i can remember well. al jazeera explores prominent figures of the twentieth century and how rivalries influenced the course of history steve jobs for much better marketeers land bill

gates wars apple is going to reinvent stuff bill made software what it is today will change the world to high tech visionaries whose breakthroughs inspired a digital revolution jobs and gates face to face on al-jazeera. hello there we've got lots of showers eva south america at the moment most of them are in brazil plenty of them in the northeast and then they gradually work their way all the way down towards the southern parts as well we're also seeing want to

see rather heavy downpours in the northern parts of argentina and through into parts of paraguayan need to begin to get some very lively downpours lots of hail as well as that system moves its way northward stay behind it the winds will come up from the south so not too hot for someone is always there on monday a top temperature of twenty one degrees may be getting a little bit milder as we head into tuesday with a temperature of twenty three now for the central america is here is plenty of sunshine at the moment want to showers around particularly out of this training area of cloud here that stretches all the way down into the eastern parts of mexico question eases there as we head through the day on tuesday shipping bryce have for us you can see the rain gathering there of pos of the u.s. so what's going on then a bit further north we've got one system making its way in from the pacific lots of wintery weather on that gradually edging is why eastwards we've also got another storm in the east that's giving us some very strong winds those aggression easing as the whole system moves away towards the north there as we head through monday

and to choose day set you know warm behind it and that's when the wet weather begins to gather in the south. who was a sponsor for tony. he was sent to jail under two different prime minister is. now he is set to become the next prime minister of malaysia. and was abraham discusses what direction his country will take on top to al-jazeera. but in the shadow of the mountain some nigerians continue an ancient tradition with child protection workers say condemns young girls. and sexual exploitation old miracle was buried for money just a few weeks ago. as a missionary girl's. outrightly.

forty years. one day arrived to the country and the play god. we. are in this magnificent. chronicle of the revolution and its aspirations through the prism of its architecture. unfinished spaces. this is.

welcome to the al-jazeera news out on live from. coming up in the next sixty minutes reports of at least twenty five people killed. and. ate. a senior. with a cease fire on the agenda seventy. seven. president macky sall has won reelection even though still. being counted and. and the oscar goes to. the segregation era road trip drama is crowned best picture at the oscars look at why diversity is perhaps of my its biggest. and i'm far it's mild they were sporting headlines at the oscars too as nike launched their latest political ad this time focusing on women and sports narrated by tennis great story and while you were in.

the u.s. is expected to outline new ways of forcing venezuela's president nicolas maduro from power when a coalition of mostly latin american countries meets in colombia later on monday trumpet ministration officials say u.s. president will announce clear actions to the group about restoring democracy and getting aid and venezuela opposition it upon those calling for the world to consider all options to resolve venezuela's crisis echoing comments from the white house that hinted a possible american military intervention u.s. backed efforts to bring food and medicine of the brazilian border have ended in violence forces loyal to the opposition supporters up to twenty five people may have been killed. june begins our coverage now from that i'm on the brazilian side of the border. a second round of clashes between venezuelan migrants and venezuelan

security forces in as many days calm was eventually restored but things didn't stay quiet for long. as pro-government venezuelan demonstrators converged on their side of this border with brazil. chanting their support for president nicolas maduro insisting like he does that they need no outside aid and don't really want to say we came to sing on national anthem to show how we respect the sovereignty of all people so others also need to respect our sovereignty we're not begging for anything. a short distance down the same road new allegiances were announced as two soldiers who defected to brazil the night before declared their support for venezuelan opposition leader. and sent him into play as a venezuelan pederasts a few pain it pains me to see all the suffering of people. at times the defectors were cheered even though there was little to be cheerful

about but it's almost sunset and as you can see behind me brazilian security forces are still blocking access to the brazilian side of the no man's land between brazil and venezuela for the past few hours the only vehicles we've seen coming through are ambulances. then shocking news a new albeit unconfirmed death toll from three days' worth of clashes between security forces and opposition supporters in and around the venezuelan town of santa ana. at the moment we estimate there are twenty five people dead and eighty four injured and the thing is we don't control the hospital the military controls it the people they killed they put them in an armed vehicles and took them to a military base that's why we're not sure of the exact number of dead leaving these venezuelans to wonder just how much darker the coming days maybe mohammed atta and parker i'ma on brazil's border with venezuela. now to our latin america editor

lucien neumann she is in the venezuelan city of san antonio. and as well as security forces again denounced in the aftermath of saturday's violent response to unarmed protesters i believe that the first time the u.n. high commissioner for human rights strongly condemned the use of excessive force by venezuela's national guard and especially pro-government armed groups the venezuela's government has a different explanation that. the plan was to use terrorists across the sea bridge run over anyone they saw people and then blame the government of nicolas maduro. as for the quality or pro-government armed gangs whom we saw take over the streets and shoot the protesters in san antonio rodriguez claims there is a legal colombian paramilitaries who operate on both sides of the border. however after taking refuge from the gunfire we were able to see and film members of the

college devils alongside national guardsman while they looted a clothes store then surely some of the guardsmen joined in to pick through the booty the golic deals maybe paramilitary but residents tell us they are venezuelan operating in open complicity with security forces oh yes and then and then they belong to the government and they come through here threatening people slashing tires breaking windows. i mean i shot someone on the corner they're stealing motorcycles. on sunday morning they were still roaming the streets albeit more discreetly near the now closed cmon believe that a bridge oh it's here that we found more of an israel ins preparing to migrate to one of the countless illegal border crossings fleeing the violence and poverty that is driving millions of in israel from their homeland to see and human are just sita san antonio and israel. as they were. to other news now of the afghan taliban is

co-founder and political chief isn't covered for talks aimed at ending the seventeen year war. is among several senior taliban members who meet the u.s. special envoy. of the next four days but others presence is seen as a significant boost for the discussions in a tweet. said arrived in the heart to meet with a more authoritative taliban delegation this could be a significant moment appreciate her for hosting and pakistan and so the tate and travel now the work begins in earnest let's go to our correspondent stephanie decker she is joining us live from where the talks are taking place and you were saying earlier stephanie that it's so hard to get anyone to say anything about these talks and now we have had official confirmation. that it is happening. yes thank god for twitter because that really is the only information that we have managed to get out of through twitter these days because the taliban isn't talking

the american sources aren't talking we also know that they've had a working lunch and that it's the first time that the u.s. envoy met. and that now the real work begins as was another tweet. put out it is going to be difficult even following last month's talks when the taliban were here talking to the americans not as high level delegations certainly but he said that you could not and a forty year conflict in one meeting even if that meeting last just a couple of weeks so things are going to be discussing is a nationwide cease fire is u.s. troop withdrawal in a timetable for that they have around fourteen thousand troops in afghanistan is the taliban talking to the afghan government something that they've they've so far refused to do and last but not least having the taliban ensure that groups like al qaida and ice will do not use the country as a staging point for a future attack so very complicated but certainly i think reading between the lines having the presence of such a senior afghan official he's one of the founding members of the taliban he's head

of the political wing so we're going to have to wait and see they really the main talks kick off tomorrow tuesday and then we'll have to wait and see what they come up with over the next couple of days these of course huge issues that you're talking about stephanie is it going to help having having. the u.s. on was. tweeted saying that he's meeting with a more authoritative delegation. well i think it sends a message that there is someone who has clout and influence some sources will say that there are divisions within the taliban and i think we'll have to wait and see whether we are going to have an agreement what that agreement entails and then whether it can be implemented on the ground will we see factions within the taliban itself what kind of form is the taliban going to come back to because people in afghanistan will tell you they are hopeful that perhaps this time something can be different but they are concerned whether the face of the taliban will change its

work to trying to make itself a little bit more moderate if you will giving more rights to women over time people will tell you is that something that is going to be sustained it's supposed to come back in a political capacity in a unity government so very difficult as as mr assad my findings that said again twitter thread following the last meeting he said people need to really realize that these are difficult issues that the country is divided that there's so many different elements to it and i think he said you cannot solve an elephant with one bite so no one is saying it's going to be easy but i think it is significant certainly looking at the level of talks happening here so let's wait and see what they can achieve over the coming days whether we're going to hear a timetable for u.s. troop withdrawal whether there's going to be a ceasefire implemented across the country because just briefly the security situation has deteriorated to such a point in afghanistan the u.n. just issuing a report that last year was the most deadly year for civilians in a very very long time so security is what people there need most and this of course

everyone's hoping is something that may be able to bring that stephanie thank you very much for that to stephanie decker with the nato is live here and doha thank you bellas has more from kabul. people here up to mystic they really want to see some type of deal come to fruition they want to see progress in doha this week but the biggest concern is what is on the table what is being discussed and what course will pigs come. two thousand kilometers away into how these talks they don't feel like they really have a voice and on the negotiating table is the taliban who many people don't feel like they can trust and the u.s. will not have to deal with the repercussions if they withdrew or it will be afghans living under this new world where the taliban is involved in the political levels they also want reassurances that their rights will be protected they want to know that they're getting the taliban of twenty nine taints not the taliban of two

thousand and one where women weren't allowed to work with girls weren't allowed to go to school where you have that could be chopped off if you stole something so they won't reassurances on that level from the leadership but at this point they're not going to get it because the talks are still on a higher level just between the taliban in the u.s. the afghan government isn't involved at this point the taliban refuses to negotiate with them talking to the afghan government this morning they said they are reassured that they feel like the u.s. and them are on the same page in the u.s. is representing the interests but they also have concern about one thing in particular and that is a cease fire a cease fire is expected to be discussed this week in doha and they say that some something that simply cannot be discussed without their involvement at it as it is the military that would be partaking in a cease fire and they would have to be intimately involved in these discussions. yemen's city of adults have delayed the passion for a stroll of their fighters from two poles they were supposed to leave leave and isa paul just outside of a there to comply with the u.n.

broad congealed reach for the yemen's government in sweden last year the hoti say the government has the homes enough and the agreement now the u.n. is calling on yemen's warring sides to put an end.