previous presidents with businessmen politicians and lawyers maybe a comedian can make a difference for ukraine many feel that political zelinsky could hardly do worse than the current president petro poroshenko he came to power after russia's annexation of crimea vowing to end the war in the east and sweep away corruption the billionaire confectionery king here immortalized in bullet casings and his own sweet and chocolate wrappers has bowed to pressure from the international monetary fund raising utility prices that hurt the poor and he's in a circle he's implicated in allegedly corrupt weapons purchases. corruption i think we should talk about this that's why the reason. painting this is a conversation. and if he did for the second time i hold. make. of all what kind of place in the

history to get. also in the running after two decades in politics and three years in prison is former prime minister yulia timoshenko many of her supporters at a final rally in central kiev were bussed in from the countryside drawn by a pledge to harvard consumer gas prices the focus of this election is the economy with few promises being made about the war that's the toxic question for all the candidates no one has also learned a lot has. to take responsibility for five years of war after a people's rebellion against russian influence and corruption and ukraine is a country that seems stuck i'm sure now which way to turn. the head on. a nineteen sixty four military coup by president believes it will bring unite the country and algeria's armed she says there's

a campaign against the military after it calls for the removal of president. back in a moment. there welcome back to international weather forecast where we are going to be seeing quite a change here across europe over the next few days sunday though it's still going to be quite a nice day because we have been dominated by high pressure for the last several days keeping much of the region sunny as well as warm take a. what we do expect to see here on sunday paris are going to see more clouds but those temperatures about twenty degrees fuser at seventeen but this is where the change is happening we do have a front that slipping down from the north as a cold front and that is bringing some windy conditions not a lot of rain but some clouds and some cooler temperatures as well so for berlin we do expect to see a cloudy in a cooler date about eleven degrees there if you take over what's happening here on

monday we get a lot more clouds coming in from the south so that means for the iberian peninsula you had been quite nice but more clouds more rain is going to be a problem there finally you're going to be seeing some clouds as well here across the eastern part of mediterranean we have been watching a storm system that is still churning notice the circulation right there brings very heavy rain so parts of egypt will still see some rain we're talking the coastal areas of egypt but also low looking at another section of weather that's coming in and now bring some rain across parts of morocco as well as algeria so for robot we are looking at a rain day for you at nineteen in algiers cloudy at nineteen. and an ancient land and one man's dream to transport tons happenings from here at and fly them over his beloved country. in a nation reeling from decades of violence. obama was on the repository for still

resisting can an international team of pilots get face mindstream off the ground it means a bit of a loan on al-jazeera. again the top stories on al-jazeera israel's reopen the two main crossings into gaza that's after a mass protest along the fence dividing gaza and israel for palestinian protesters were killed by israeli forces and two hundred forty others injured during the demonstrations people in turkey are voting in local elections which are being seen

as a major test of president read to play a part of one's ruling party the party is at risk of losing control of mayoral seats in ankara and istanbul because of a struggling economy ukrainians are casting their votes in the first round of their presidential election comedian. leading in opinion polls followed closely by current president petro poroshenko and former prime minister yulia timoshenko. unity and solidarity are the declared themes of the thirty year for arab summit which officially gets underway in the capsule in the coming hours but the region's leaders gather against the backdrop of division war and unrest and the high level meeting to resolve the problems in libya has already taken place but as has had about a reports from tunis the talks were boycotted by one of the main players this isn't the first time the international court has convened to try and chaos and instability in libya but peace may still be along with. the united nations

secretary general the e.u. foreign policy chief the african union commission chairman and the. president of the meeting held in neighboring. but the meeting was snubbed by libya's prime minister phases. the authorities in tripoli have recently ramped up the rhetoric against the u.n. accusing it of failing to rein in general holly for a rival to surat launch a military campaign to expand his influence in the south accusations dismissed by the international community which hopes a national conference due in april my chart. put a political settlement. there is a new energy and a growing interest among libyans which shows a desire to build a state based on institutions to serve the people and bring things back to normal

we have to remember that libya is a rich country and has a lot of resources. in the eighty's says the revolt that toppled the libya has been marred by violence and political instability there are two competing powers in libya the government of general accord based into a pulley and backed by the un but general is effectively running a rival government in the east backed by the u.a.e. and egypt he has repeated devout to sent troops to invade tripoli i asked mr good terrorists if it was still possible today there are differences between us. despite failed attempts in the past. exactly. as trees. than five because of the

videos of themselves in the resize region of the. the united nations special envoy. told libyans the april meeting in the darkness near the border with algeria could be a crucial part charity for libyans and the transitional period and hold parliamentary and presidential elections for the international community wants libya's rival factions to set aside their differences and build a unified government there are also growing calls for a strong army that could defeat human trafficking armed groups and put an end to instability but that's going to be a distant goal with a deepening political divides between the authorities in the east and west of the country. or the political upheaval in algeria is also likely to be discussed by the arab league algeria as army chief has been holding emergency meetings as he pushes for a president with

a flicker to be declared unfit for office millions of people have joined nationwide protests demanding political change victoria the reports. two days after the army backed protestors cools the president abdelaziz bouteflika to step down algeria is army chief reiterated his key that the eighty two year old president must leave office. in. the position taken by the algerian military has always been within the legitimacy of the constitution and has always upheld the interest of the algerian people above all it is always seen that the solution to the crisis count be anything other than the implementation of article one hundred two of the constitution but acknowledge there is resistance to his plan and wound opponents not to seek to undermine the military some think he was referring to a meeting between british implement your brother saeed and the former head of algeria secret service this is actually more the different elements within the

regime itself within what it was known as you know who what how where and. which is a series of. our collective and that until now have side by side and which. actually becoming a part. ruled algeria for twenty years suffered a stroke in twenty thirteen and is ready been seen in public since by triggering article one or two the constitutional council would declare the president unfit to lead the country a step that would pave the way for the chairman of the upper chamber in parliament to take over as interim president until elections are held. but many algerians want much more than a change of leadership they're calling for an overhaul of the entire political system that plans include a national unity government that would lead the country for a transitional period draft a new constitution and reinvigorate an economy in tatters. the

government attempted to split the opposition but now there are signs the government itself may be splintering as it tries to resolve this crisis. so the arabia has been accused of hacking the phone of amazon boss jeff bezos and accessing his private information an investigation ordered by bezos found so to arabia was involved after private messages were leaked to the national enquirer newspaper in january the lead investigator says the hacking was part of surveillance efforts by riyadh's that led to the killing of the saudi journalist. the company says the report findings have been handed over to u.s. federal officials and to corruption candidate zuzana cup which overall has won slovakia's presidential election making her the country's first female leader. the liberal lawyer who has no previous political experience been the governing

party candidate in a second round runoff vote capital over. as pro europe and told supporters she saw her victory as a signal for change she'll be sworn in to the largely ceremonial position but. i accept this result with great humbleness and sense of great responsibility i think all of you for being here with me and i promise you that i will be with you let's look for things that connect us let's place to work for a better slovakia's all the fights fought for personal gains let's invite other people in pursuit of ideas and values that connected us through the election brazil's president has arrived in israel to meet with prime minister benjamin netanyahu he's in tel aviv right now but back home his this isn't to reinstate commemorations of a military coup fifty five years ago is causing controversy. as honoring history will unite the country survivors of the killing and torture campaign say what happened during military rule should be condemned not celebrated the reports.

of the. never hidden his admiration for the military that he served in as a young army captain before entering politics while still a congressman he said it's mistake one in power for nine hundred sixty four to nine hundred eighty five was not to kill more since moderated his language it's not about celebrating remembering or looking back to see what went wrong or right it's about how we can use this for the good of brazil in the future. however some of his supporters have been more direct. i think it's fantastic i think brazil has to celebrate march thirty first it's a day when brazil almost became a communist country we could have become a venezuela or north korea this museum in the only place in brazil dedicated to victims of the military government that building a form of peace headquarters where opponents of the regime like detained thought

the sickest place preserves memories through the testimonies of survivors and. collection of documents that all combined with the importance of this building all together they help to recreate a period of our history. was twenty one years old when he was detained in one thousand nine hundred seventy and spent four years in prison. this up were created by the president has reopened the debate we have two opposing forces one is the force of resistance those who resist during those days but also researchers and historians that understand history on the other hand we have retrograde forces who want to celebrate a past that in fact should be accord previous commemorations were ended by former president dilma rousseff these governments in two thousand and thirteen ordered a truth commission into abuses carried out during military rule she has self as a one time marxist rebel was imprisoned and tortured brazil never prosecuted members of its military who enjoyed an amnesty implemented before they left office

that's a marked contrast to neighboring countries such as argentina where last sunday hundreds of thousands took to the streets on the anniversary of the one nine hundred seventy six military coup to cry never again. he will lead individual commanders to carry out what he called appropriate commemorations to mark sunday's anniversary opponents will hold their own protests including a silent march in. the debate storm rages in brazil of whether to celebrate or to condemn its military past. al-jazeera security forces in venezuela have fired tear gas to disperse demonstrators in the capital caracas opposition protesters have been voicing their anger over continuing energy blackouts in the country which are aggravating economic problems a rival rally was also held by supporters of president nicolas maduro who blames the power outages on terrorist attacks on

a hydroelectric dam. president donald trump will cut direct aid to el salvador because of fears of illegal immigration thousands of the country's citizens are part of a migrant caravan entering the u.s. via mexico the u.s. state department will begin to suspend payments to el salvador along with guatemala and honduras presidents has also threatened to close the border with mexico. trump's executive order to allow offshore oil drilling in the arctic ocean has been overturned a federal judge called trump's reversal of an environmental protection policy from the obama era unlawful invalid's the ruling reinstates the drilling ban in much of the arctic ocean rob reynolds has more from washington. federal judge sharon gleason says president donald trump exceeded his constitutional authority when he issued an executive order back in april of two thousand and seventeen that essentially stripped away all protections against explore ation and oil

drilling from above five hundred thousand square kilometers of waters all in the arctic and north atlantic oceans trump has tried repeatedly to roll back environmental protections that were made during the emboss obama administration but he has been unsuccessful in large part because environmentalists as in this case keep taking the administration to court and they keep winning the judge in this case said that once a president applies the designation of a national monument or a protected area under laws that date in some cases back well over one hundred years no future president can reverse those decisions by themselves it has to be done by an act of congress not simply by an executive order as the president did in this case so the affected areas which are principally off the coast of alaska

which will now be protected at least for several years as this case works its way through the court system our home to a number of endangered species including bowhead whales and polar bears more than two hundred landmarks around the world went dark for an hour to raise awareness of climate change christ the redeemer the iconic statue overlooking brazil's rids as narrow plunged into darkness for earth hour and before that the eiffel tower in france the brandenburg gate on rome's colosseum were amongst the monuments that switched off their lights the annual event as in its thirteen year. hello again the headlines on al-jazeera israel's reopen the two main crossings into gaza that's after mass protests along the fence dividing gaza and israel for

palestinian protesters were killed by israeli forces and two hundred forty others injured during the demonstrations mohammad june has more from gaza the thinking here in gaza is that a deal is all but complete it's been reported extensively in media outlets here especially media outlets close to how much you also have many outlets in the israeli media that are saying that a tentative deal has been reached this deal as we understand it would include the opening of the two main border crossings would also allow fishermen to fish off the coast here anywhere between twelve to fifteen nautical miles off the coast which would be a huge boost to fishermen in gaza it would also allow the entry of goods people in turkey are voting in local elections which are being seen as a major test of president or the ones ruling party the party is at risk of losing control of many oral seats in ankara and istanbul because of the struggling economy

ukrainians are casting their votes in the first round of their presidential election comedian lansky is leading in opinion polls followed closely by the current president petro poroshenko and the former prime minister yulia timoshenko algeria's army chief has been holding emergency meetings as he pushes for president . to be declared unfit for office on friday millions took to the streets nationwide demanding political change. saudi arabia is being accused of hacking the phone of amazon chief executive jeff bezos an investigation by his personal security consultant found the kingdom obtained private information in january the national enquirer published leaked text messages between bezos and the woman he was dating saudi arabia denies involvement while the enquirer says it didn't break any laws and see corruption. has long slovakia's presidential election making for the country's first female leader the liberal lawyer no previous political experience

beat the governing party candidates those are the headlines inside story that's coming up next. we understand the different. and the similarities of cultures across the world. will bring you the news and current affairs that. could robots kill the u.n. . weapons that can cost. control so how likely is this and how prepared are we. develop. the intelligence this inside story.

welcome to the program. killer robots well that sounds like the name of a science fiction movie but they could become a reality and soon scientists say artificial intelligence has developed so quickly that we could be seeing weapons that can choose a targets and kill without a human controlling it the u.n. has held five days of talks in geneva on banning what are known as lethal autonomous weapons but the u.s. russia israel and the u.k. are against any restrictions saying these developments could make war safer we'll be bringing our guests and in just a moment but first here's a science and technology editor mariana hond. we have here is our primary test facility on what's driving around twenty four hours a day seven days a week robots room here being tested to deliver discover to do what they programmed

to do. but what you won't find here is a so-called kilogram a fully autonomous weapon designed to hunt and kill without a human involved as far as we know they don't exist yet but canadian company clear path insists killer robots have no place on the battlefield we feel. that there is a a line which is being crossed with this technology we feel that on top of being riskier than anyone actually appreciates right now there is a disconnect from there is an ethical and moral disconnect from. from war we think that these weapon systems are going to be used in all sorts of dangerous ways both by major powers and non-state actors alike i love. the risks of say i'm ashamed killing the wrong person of being hecht of engaging with another machine in a conflict a some of the reasons the company says it took

a stand in two thousand and fourteen it has committed to not knowingly at least create fully autonomous weapons thousands of scientists engineers to companies and out official intelligence experts have done the same but they're not shunning military contracts completely they say a i can be a valuable tool the pentagon just last month called on big companies to help develop its ai capabilities russia and china are already investing and military ai technology i think it really first comes down to the responsibility of every engineering developer to ensure that. the governments around the world are aware of the risks in the use of this technology and that these decisions are being made in a in a rational considered way and then from there perhaps they can start having

conversations about. if their company in particular themselves in particular should work on these this technology to quit because a demanding transparency is the bosses i knew him potentially lucrative defense contracts some of them have chosen to leave and work for companies like cleopatra it all boils down to wanting to know what they create and whether it's technology that could kill all save lives medium hond al-jazeera. and we can now bring in our panel joining us from london as well crossthwaite he's the co-founder of ken's i that's an artificial analysis consultancy company and in oxford on skype mario mario rosaria today oh research fellow at the oxford internet institute's and also in london toby cadman an international human rights lawyer and barrister at guernica thirty seven an international law firm welcome to the program

i am going to start with you mr de o. and i ask you why is there so much concern about these lethal automated weapons why has it come to to this where the united nations is speaking are there is a conversation about bending. rather the conversation as being i don't. use of autonomous systems in conflict or in not on the battlefield is something that is being constantly evolving for the past two decades at the moment a discussion has gained much more momentum because we are the point in which we start seeing here i am being quite fast and becoming very successful in its development and it is a chance this thing i want to start the use of on the systems within. weapons systems on the battlefield the question is that those who were part of the

plan into these machines and the bought a feel thing that what is my abs to other g. is going to help save the life of the soldiers of the army was the plight of these machines but there is also be important question to be address which is whether a machine should be left in charge of deciding whether to keep a human being or not which is a fundamentally ethical question should never be the case that the human life is taken by a machine was designed the sighted autonomy to go their way and this question opens up as you say as people say a kind of worms because there are a lot of other issues having to do to the visible of human dignity the right to live but those are specific questions which afterward are to do with just were cheery and is about the principle of distinction proportionality a tradition has been subdued so basically we see a new development in the no g. which could facilitate war riding. my horse riding to a much more mythical level the receipts obama. people have

started to have this is fashion's ok well crossfade how far are we from seeing machines being able to make decisions our target humans and kill them without human control behind them as that's the direction we're heading. well targeting human beings to kill them automatically is something that we are already seeing an already able to do there's already automatic weapons like the phallic system on ships which enables automatically to shoot down incoming missiles or threats to that ship and that's been in deployment since the one nine hundred eighty s. so we're already seeing weapons which are being able to automatically operate themselves albeit that that's done under the control of a human operator so that come that human operator has to operate the machine turn it on and switch it to automatic mode so we're already seeing weapons systems like this that are already in deployment what we're talking about here i think where the

hype has around as is that we're looking at weapons systems which are making the decision to kill now that's a very different principle and that's sort of giving autonomy to machines in the sense that they're making the thought process behind whether it's viable to kill a person or not and i think that we're very far away from it decades if not longer because to him a shame intelligence is not ready at that stage machine intelligence is being deployed into weapon systems in a smaller scale where it's being used in a very targeted way whether it's target acquisition whether that's using convolutional neural networks to visually identify targets which is something that project maven sought to do with google last year with the with the u.s. government but overarching lee it's a different question between automatic machines that can kill and machines that can choose to kill and that's something that should not be conflated and something which i think we are at risk of conflating and i think that that's the position of

many governments around the world that we conflate those two are arguments up between automatic weapons the designed to target and the parameters set by human beings on the one hand and on the other hand machines that are making the decision to kill off their own back. so we can let me bring you in on the how far or how closely does the current do the current regulations we have right now the current principles of law of armed conflict international humanitarian law how how acquits are they currently to deal with the issue of automated weapons or lethal automated weapons where these machines or so-called robots are doing the killing or perhaps even in the decision process of who should be targeted. i can as well it's because i already sent a speaker who was referring to questions such as proportionality. there are

obviously a number of legal principles when a military. action is carried out there are certain things that we need to look at as to whether was a military target whether the civilian casualties has been minimized more than whether we can say it was proportional so if there are already existing rules as to determining whether a military campaign constitutes a crime under international law. i think what's what's interesting is certainly the position that the united kingdom has taken in the current debate which is going on of the u.n. is that they are not at the stage where there is no human human element in carrying out an attack so there is always going to be a level of responsibility i think as with many things that we're looking at currently around the world it's not

a question of whether the law is not in step with with technology is whether there is a collective accountability mechanism to in course those rules you know we have courts have the querist different. jurisdictions there and the international and domestic level where individuals can be held accountable if if we can say that it is not in accordance with international military will the difficulty is holding accountable drone attacks as we move forward with less human control but it's still going to be . an element of holding individuals responsible and as we've had when we are far away from the stage where machines are actually making the decision to to attack but again i still think that the law. fission to hold individual parent well we're just we're just not we don't have the institutions necessary jurisdiction in holding the parent to torrens mr de i says we've heard there from both gentlemen we

are far away from machines actually making decisions on who to attack our targets the law currently is sufficient to deal with that so why would you say your so concerned you know the first point i want to make that is there. five ten years is not really so high or way especially with thinking about what is his governance regulations five years then years is a much a short term. new even if what we want to set that their knowledge at the moment is not a we're to make decision as to whether to kill or not a human being so i'm concerned it was five ten years maybe just just right the amount of time just the right amount of time to make a program relations appropriate policy. and there are two more points i want to make one is that the father machine can kill but can not just to kill currently is

doesn't make it less to radically primitive we land mines we have the same kind of baking yet redundant one minus the other side whether to kill or not they just kill because they can the way they're designed so we should also consider whether the current deployment of. autonomous weapons systems or weapon systems which are towards control this something that is. coherent to read the fundamental principles that are the being internationally right i don't know if the edgy code or someone room to move from the other scene decide whether to keep it or not doesn't respond to the principles of media anybody addicks to engage in a combat operation without risking. our own position when we are ruled operating these machines and in terms of. the accountability and responsibility. yes or no it's all fires when we think about artificial systems especially i with

thinking about unnoticed which are very much the outcome of integrated elements each of which is fundamental for the system to carry out this task corp so it's got a response of it in that qantas might be possible so to regulation i know be up. a date with a qantas a certainly we need a situations as tall be relieved was was mentioning but i want to stress one fundamental point which is that current are you a ship in the mission right there who know they are build up on human rights and just war theory reach out to sets of ethical principles and the fighting and the bodies which are meant to protect human lives throughout shit and ensure proportionality winning a battle within that within a war and this system might be actually. problematically appreciable to the case. but they're still in which some of the operations are run by machines and rehearsal

think about his numbers in five years' time. if we don't do not three hundred now ok i'll give both of the men time to responsive to the points you made to add but first will cost me one of the points that mr day i had made was that there's a fear that increasingly autonomous drones missile defense systems and tanks could term brogan a cyber attack are more function i mean i'm expanding on it's a little bit how much space is there really for this and or is this the stuff of science fiction i mean the idea that we are an enemy force is going to hack into a military systems and stuff i mean is it possible yes anything could be hacked if you got the right people and you've got the access eccentric cetera is it going to happen on a weapons grade system that's being deployed by a major government around the world it's highly unlikely that they would deploy a weapon system which might end up being used against their own soldiers or

civilians on the battlefield i think that that is the world of science fiction where i think that we are probably looking at more concerning developments within the drone space and weaponized drones space or wider autonomous weapons systems is it when it falls into the wrong hands when commercially bought drones commercially or domestically built explosives are attached to that drone and then that is used in an atrocity by a terrorist organization now will regulation against that in the u.n. prevent a terrorist organization from from doing it what will know it won't and there are pointed out legal or legal positions in place and legal institutions in place that will will prevent governments nation states from from using weapons in that way and those are very sophisticated and long lasting institutions that have built up over a long period of time and while we are. said about the five to ten year window of government i think that we're still much further than that away from from

autonomous weapon system and i think that the position that a lot of governments take who are who are trying to prevent this being banned is that is that it's actually too early for us to be trying to carte blanche ban ai and weapons or or ban weapons which we aren't developed yet which are quite far off in which we don't know where they're at what shape and form that they will take should we be preventing terrorism getting their hands on this why from it absolutely is it the government will be rogue or will it be used by rogue elements will it be hijacked i think that that's less of a risk and and i think that conflating the ai banning in weapons or killer robots quote unquote compares to land mines i think that that's actually not not accurate because land mines directly breached two of the three major principles on the laws of war whereas it can indiscriminately target civilians and additionally not only can indiscriminately target civilians but it causes unnecessary and prolonged

suffering of competence if they lose limbs landmines what we're talking about with a lot of the solutions which artificial intelligence or killer robots might employ it's actually much more targeted and actually attention be more accurate than the human operator in this in this position the other thing is that all military forces around the world operate under command and control where the commanders order the units to to execute a mission or execute a kill and i don't think that politicians or military around the world are going to want to lose that command and control to machines who they deign with or with autonomous decision making in the same way that we deploy soldiers to warfare and battlefields yet we don't give them the decision to autonomous the kill unarmed civilians or anything like that and if they seem to want to. restaurant. yes indeed the first one to i don't mention any psych ice in our area this is so i pray and

now is one of the candidates who are this for the research or i do. know cyprus and i had to live in the five ten years that iran was the one that was mentioned to me as the beginning of this interview as a possible timeline which i might be deployed at arm's length the but the feel so. for me the second point is that when it comes to the autonomy of c. weapons isn't on the battlefield where r.p. eyestrain systems are rigged applied there is a note on it was about system patrolling the border between the border between north and south korea which is are not the top systems and so on and so forth so it's not that we are talking about something that the knowledge is not yet ready to the broad that we are the law something that could be the plot in a more sophisticated way in a more pervasive way you know more aggressive way so we should keep this in months . only there are no talking about ai applications in terms of science fiction but also very much concerned when we try to label as science fiction scenarios which

are realistically or counting all foreseeable because this means that we'll be going to be caught unprepared when they become real to point to landmine was appointed i made in response to the idea that at the moment you have machines that can kill but they don't decide to kill a landmine or machines who are ok which can kill but don't the side kill so the analogy stands are on those grounds all are in the further than ones are illegal or should not be the plot but if the if will agrees with that then what's the point that even at one was a machines used as weapons systems should not be deployed and on the same point that states won't relinquish the control over the machine well that makes it even more clear that we shouldn't deploy these kinds of machine is that it for the reasons that we were stressing because states will be. wanted to maintain control because a controller is

a risky and dangerous so all to the same points also like to stress one thing. resume becoming irrelevant later but. when we think about it done overton's weapons systems we should be carefully shaping what we want to buy because donning the technology is really now the right to do too many of the systems will be realigned technologies which are developed also for good purposes image recognition is relevant in medical their noses as it will be in will be for example in. this all or many other kind of technologies what we need to relate is the developed deployment and use of these machines we have to understand our societies yet we and i don't that's not let me try and bring to the cabman and to talk about what kind of a regulatory framework you can have for this how do you decide what it is you're batting or what it is you're trying to constrict and then also that's take a look at the countries involved particularly when it's being done under the baton

of banner of the united nations where you have china russia countries that do not necessarily follow the guidelines set by the united nations so how do you how do you contain this. arms race that is currently happening within the artificial intelligence wrong. well it's very it's very difficult to to regulate an area of law on what technology may be in ten or fifteen years well you what you have to have is an effective legal framework that is enforceable for. what are the capabilities. as well as quite rightly said and it goes back to what the u.k. has also said it relation to this as the u.k. and as other countries that they're not seeking to suggest they have the technology or the seeking to develop technology at the current stage. i mean i think that the concept of having entirely ai controlled weapons systems

is of course fundamentally wrong because the have to be a level of i was talking eleven of the cap going to be you're still going to have regardless of how quickly the technology advances you're still going to have a state or entity that is responsible for using system and if the system. commit what is considered to be a crime then of course there is going to be a level of accountability so i think what we need to to be clear on is that the law can only regulate what is what is possible what is possible that your point as to as to the u.n. system and whether states are going to follow that well you quite rightly say that you got to look at the membership of the un human rights council to start with to show that. international credibility and human rights protection is not really at the forefront of the agenda you also got to take into account that there is

a un special rapporteur that that has dealt with and continues to do with the question of drone attacks and that that that is not an enforcement mechanism so i think whatever whatever principles whatever regulations the united nations girls are how are they actually going to be enforced. is there going to be accountability for state. coroner rules that tribute or international crimes and i was going to said we took red states we're not talking about terrorist groups and those this that jack this technology and use it to be very difficult to regulate but thank you very much to all our speakers on today's panel the panel we have run out of time but this has been a very interesting conversation and obviously one that needs to continue but i'd like to thank all my guests will cross wade rosaria today oh and toby cadman and

thank you too for watching you can see this program again any time by visiting our website you'll find that odd zero dot com and for further discussion why don't you go to our facebook page you'll find that at facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story and of course you can always join the conversation on twitter i handle it at a.j. inside story and for me the vehicle pollard and the team is bye for now has been good to have you here. with. rewind continues to care bring your people back to life start with updates on the best of all jews in this documentary. the struggle continually from did to know or use distance revisiting the silver friends we're going back to a poor south african neighborhood when using and tradition come together in an

annual competition for the people who would know you're really want. the brazilian economy is booming but deep divisions still exist between the haves and the have nots in a country where smartphones have become a part of everyday life technology help reached again. this series that challenges developers to design apps for a better world travels to rio de janeiro and meets the young people tasked with making a different life than for vela foreign on al-jazeera. the latest news as it breaks as well as the police investigation the prime minister says there will also be a national inquiry with detailed coverage of the arms trade with saudi arabia is going to be a very important components of life in post-breakfast of britain. from around the

world that is a symbol also must multiplied and its europeans help call their full support behind . al-jazeera. where every. israel reopens two main crossings into gaza following the killing of four palestinians during mass protests. from a headquarters and. also ahead more than just

a local election the vote in turkey that's being seen as the president. ukraine's president hopes to retain power in sunday's election by fighting off the challenges of a comedian and the former prime minister and u.s. president donald trump targets three central american countries in his latest effort to curb illegal immigration. below the two main border crossings into gaza are open again for the first time in six days israel lifted restrictions on sunday morning after a weekend of mass protests along the fence dividing gaza and israel for palestinian protesters were killed and two hundred forty others injured during the demonstrations mohamed jhoom is joining us from gaza to tell us whether there's been any confirmation from hamas that a deal is in the works. that and we know that talks are still ongoing there has

not been any official release statement from hamas confirming that a deal has been reached we are told that that egyptian delegation that's been in gaza the last few days that they have now returned to tel aviv and that they will take how mouses demands to israeli officials and will await an official response that all having been said though it looks promising today you have of course the two crossings that have been opened that is something that have been wanted for days those crossings have been closed after the rocket attacks last week last week that really escalated tensions between gaza and israel and now we are waiting to find out if there will be ease on fishing restrictions it is expected that in the coming hours it will be announced that fishermen here in gaza will be able to go either twelve or fifteen nautical kilometers off the coast to resume fishing that would be a huge boost to the fishermen here in gaza because they have those restrictions to deal with this well of course with those crossings being open it is expected that

goods will be able to enter into gaza and also the humanitarian aid may be able to get through in the coming days which has also been a demand here in gaza the past week and for quite a while before that as well now the fact of the matter is that these negotiations are complex but yesterday you had the first anniversary of the great march of return protests it was we were there the situation was greatly deescalated there had been worry for days before those protests that they might get out of hand that they might turn very violent in fact that did not happen while there were deaths that occurred the violence was a lot smaller in scale than people had worried it might become and because of that you had a statement which is very rare almost unheard of there was a statement by the spokesman for the israeli army in which he actually prays how much for trying to keep calm at the border for trying to ensure that the situation was. deescalate and after

a tense day on saturday how would you describe the atmosphere in gaza today. at the moment it's relatively calm you had this you had these clashes that went on overnight you had rocket fire you had rockets hit israel that were launched from gaza nobody has claimed responsibility for that you also had a response from the israeli side artillery fire at positions here in gaza but again that was something that was a much smaller in scale than might have been the case in the past and the prevailing wisdom here in gaza is that because it is close to election time in israel and because. he's facing this very closely contested election that perhaps that is meaning that the response has been less severe than it would have been in the past how mass also has been trying to deescalate the situation really the word i think that best would be used for the past few days is restraint it's a mood ever strained because of that it has been

a lot less chaotic than people expected it might become and everybody we're speaking with here in gaza they do not want to see another war break out everybody's been tense everybody's been on edge thinking that things could get much worse but so far it's been a lot calmer than people thought it might be anyway to mohamed reporting from gaza thank you. unity and solidarity are the declared themes of the thirtieth arab summit which officially gets underway and that is in capital in the coming hours but the region's leaders gather against a backdrop of division war and unrest in the middle east a high level meeting to resolve the problems in libya has already taken place chaired by the u.n. security council general and so on your website or as iran khan is in tunis where that summit is taking place so besides the meeting that happened on libya what else are we expecting today. israel palestine features a very high on the agenda for the arab summit here in cheeriness we have some key items on the draft communique they are expecting much later on they say they're

going to emphasize the palestinian cause the arab identity of occupied east jerusalem the capital of the state of palestine obviously that was recognized as the capital of israel by the u.s. a very controversial move they're going to reiterate the importance of the last thing and comprehensive peace in the middle east they're also stressing that the unilateral u.s. decision regarding jerusalem is unlawful illegal a null and void so strong language that also they want to continue with israeli palestinian peace talks also they are going to be concentrating on the u.s. recognition all the occupied golan heights now the arab league says that they won't change their language when it comes to the golan heights they will recognize it as being disputed occupied territory also going to very strongly reject any meddling by iran in arab states domestic affairs and demanding that iran pull out any of

their militia groups from any arab country and finally they're going to be talking about trying to dealing islam from terrorism so there's a lot on the agenda but dominating the whole thing is the israeli palestinian talks so what are we to read into that draft communique emraan that is expected on sunday do we expect to see strong definitive language or is it going to be more of a watered down type statement. well there is a normal number of divisions within the arab league itself so we're not expecting it to be either strong or definitive we are expecting we do couched in very diplomatic language but there is has been an interesting development in the last hour or so we confirm now that the egyptian leader sisi is going to be visiting the arab summit he's going to take he's going to be speaking we think a little bit later on in the day and you were just talking there to my colleague about how we jump june about the egyptian mediation efforts between hamas and

israel whether that's the reason he's here where that plays into the fact that he's arrived here whether that will be mentioned will be seen as being key because of his mentioned here it means that the rest of the arab states have to get behind the deal or at least accept the deal has actually happened so there's a lot happening within the region itself that may will play into what's happening here in tunis all right thank you voting is underway in turkey is local elections which are being seen as a major test for president. party at least fifty seven million people are eligible to cast their ballots for more than a thousand mayors the act party has dominated turkish politics for nearly two decades but a weaker in c. and high inflation could see it lose control of key may orel seats opposition parties have formed alliances to try to maximize their chance of victory certainly we'll get the latest from sin impossible but first here's our reports. for the

first time in turkey's political history reject a pair john the president holds local election rallies across the country the president's campaigning is an indication of how important these elections are to him and his party they are seen by many as a popularity test after exact forty seventeen years at the helm and it's a state of economy that is presenting president add ons biggest challenge and could turn voters away from him. because the ruling party believes they can win by polarization and avoiding real problems but packing it survival to the country's future may risk the president's credibility. the ruling party currently governs forty nine out of eighty one provincial misspell a t's the party formed people's alliance with the nationalist movement party in the last two elections and nominated joined candidates then they complain about high food prices so what if there are no onions in my cooking what i can't live without is our flag our country

or the sound of the call to prayer turkey's main opposition party c.h.p. and the conservative good party have united under the nation's alliance somewhere along the peoples alliance divides there are those with them and those against the even called terrorist. and i kist if i don't support your pro kurdish party h.t.t.p. currently is the third largest faction in parliament it has a field candidates and a stumble on car and there is mir instead is concentrating its efforts in a stronghold in the south they stop the country and it supports the opposition candidates in the west i believe kurdish votes in big cities like istanbul and ankara in is near have the potential to be a game changer however would still follow what the popular trend is. the people's alliance how waged a severe campaign by accusing candidates of having links to the. kurdish fire. through which truth can its western allies consider

a terrorist organization prisons are don't like parties facing perhaps the greatest challenge in seventeen years the economy the continuing recession threatens the support base especially in big cities like a stumble and uncorrupt some days local elections will reveal the president's standing among fifty seven million turks eligible to vote and saddam is joining us now from ankara as you're saying saddam we're seeing political party alliances on both sides so could this cool ordinated strategy by the opposition who don't necessarily usually support each other change the outcome. well until now we have seen the polls and it shows that there is there is an impact by these coalitions but of course we have to consider that the ruling our party also needed to. build up a coalition an alliance with the. then mini opposition the nationalist movement

party especially for the big cities where their competition is hoyte the opposition alliance the nation's alliance has brought for instance the race to knife edge in a stumble that has been under the ruling party or its predecessors for almost a quarter century and especially in on corrupt the gap between the ruling party the nation's the people's alliance and the nation alliance it was pretty high but in the last week we have witnessed that the scab has been narrowed but still the opposition alliance is running in the front in the turkish capital ankara but. this is the first time that the ruling party and present our don has been challenge especially in the local elections considering that present our dance political career also started. from local authorities he was he was to be the mayor of istanbul and then.