this was the image the authorities wanted to project an orderly participation by the electorate in a peaceful transition of power. nor as a boy of the man who ran kazakstan for nearly 30 years has stepped into retirement although he retains significant powers as chairman for the life of the country's security council is chosen successor. to talk i have his own course to take over what is your specific message to those individuals who are campaigning for democracy and rights in this country those individuals you've been detained are advised all the law enforcement agencies to be tolerant. society restraint but any serious violations of our laws of course will not be tolerated. but at the same time i urge all the young people.

on the same level. exercise restraint to be tolerant to the power to the government a rare acknowledgement that kazakhs deserve more political freedom that didn't stop the tensions kazakstan has never seen an election day quite like this before rabid for a steelworker al-jazeera though so time. will tell on the program officials on both sides of the border say the new us mexico immigration deal isn't really new told. and hit the media in yemen say the rebels have launched several drones targeting saudi arabia.

and i remember still may go violent things really june it's just gone through scandinavian luck in the tempest in finland a good 10 degrees in fact western europe seeing more clad develop and is still not particularly settled. in london with more wind and rain not the same degrees miguel but the list not to be pretty for a june. central eastern europe temperatures hovering around the 30 mark and these green streets here well they often still there wandering around some pretty big ones too in a line anywhere from 3 remaining up towards russia russia at least moscow is fed persistent slow moving temperatures drop by about 3 degrees in most cases not huge and despite the fact that things are moving in the west in central and eastern europe it's looking 5 and unchanging apart from those thunderstorms 31 degrees in vienna in the sunshine quite hot whereas western europe you wouldn't think it was june really would use the reliable once i know but there's a lot of rain potential for the southern alps now it's all over land so the

difference over the mediterranean north africa isn't great the wind direction tends to to direct the temperature is still quite well when caught up in an exceptional 2036 and that's what it 40 but the coasts of morocco and algeria is west are quite cool middle to low twenty's. in 2008 raggy traveled across the united states discovering what it was like to be both a patriotic american and a devout muslim can you be muslim and american you have to be american 1st i didn't have much appreciation for why it would be a big deal that a muslim deal like defeated states congress. rewind islam and america on al-jazeera.

i'm one of the top stories here on our syria at least 3 people have been killed in sudan during the 1st day of a general strike and called for civil disobedience it's a response to a violent crackdown by the military. has been violence in hong kong as police try to break up protesters following a mass rally organizers say more than a 1000000 people took part in the demonstrations to pose a controversial extradition bill. exit polls in kazakstan the show the interim president has won the 70 percent of the vote in sunday's election. is said to be the 1st new leader in 30 years. holdovers interim president

has signed a decree calling for snap elections to be held in september the move the country deeper into political crisis after months of wrangling between pro russia and pro european lawmakers failed to form a government of and philip was appointed as the country's interim leader after a court relieved president igor dote on of his duties the risk of people dying attempting to cross the sea to europe is at its highest ever as according to the un's refugee agency the un it c.r. says without intervention in the mediterranean there will be a sea of blood comes as the libyan coast guard says it's rescued more than $500.00 refugees trying to reach europe since the beginning of june the men women and children from arab african and asian countries set off in rubber and wooden boats they were brought ashore off the coast of libya's capital tripoli and taken to government shelters. earlier spoke to sam turner from doctors without borders he said the number of mediterranean crossings is much lower than last year but

migrants are not to here much greater risk. the absolute number of people who are fleeing across the central mediterranean is much lower this year than it has been previous years but the key point of concern is that whilst over the same period last year the chance of dying in attempting to make that journey was one in $59.00 over the last 5 months the chance of death during the course of of that journey is now one in 15 there are many factors that drive people to take this desperate option one of those factors is the recent conflicts in tripoli in northwest libya that has destabilized a large region had a massive impact on civilians in and around that city but is also likely to be pushing people to take options that otherwise might not thought of including crops in boise india's prime minister has become the 1st foreign leader to visit sri lanka since the easter sunday bombings there underwear d.

has paid homage to the victims and agreed to step up cooperation to prevent future attacks now fernandez has more from colombia. a firsthand look at one of the main targets of the easter sunday bombings for indian prime minister narendra modi he's the 1st world leader to visit chile and since the attacks and stopped at 11 east church in colombo on his way in from the airport worshippers had packed this church for easter sunday service on the 21st of april the 1st of 7 suicide bombers launched his attack here. within minutes 3 churches and 3 hotels had been targeted killing more than 250 people and injuring hundreds more. 10 indians were among the 45 tourists killed. it's a 3rd visit here for the indian leader who had a ceremony and welcome including a 21 gun salute despite the view reince india is probably probably going to pick

a more secure assertive role as far as its regional influence is concerned and this is part of more he has said his visit is to express india's solidarity with sri lanka's government and people in mind just be a force stop in sri lanka but analysts say prime minister narendra modi's visit sends an important message that things are getting back to normal 6 weeks after the easter sunday carnage politics is a different story present mighty by the city senior and prime minister brown a vicar missing her may have come together for more this visit but they continue to disagree on a number of issues their latest battleground the special parliamentary select committee set up to investigate the easter bombings the president has sacked his intelligence chief and says he want to allow any serving officers to testify before the committee the indian prime minister highlighted what he calls a neighborhood 1st policy by choosing the maldives and sri lanka for his 1st

foreign visit after his reelection observers say it's a policy that is likely to shape regional relations in future years when a finance jazeera colomba. cutter's foreign minister shaikh mohammad been 30 says he is urged iran and the united states to work towards a compromise after weeks of rhetoric and hostility tensions arisen since washington reimposed economic sanctions on iran after withdrawing from the iran nuclear deal. meanwhile iran has unveiled a new air defense system which it says is capable of targeting fighter jets and drones it says the technology called 15 called out can handle 6 targets at once last month the u.s. deployed an aircraft carrier group and a bomber tossed force to the region to counter what it said with threatening moves by iran. the iranian foreign minister mohammad javad zarif is once again hit out at

us sanctions against his country he says the restrictions are squeezing the nation's economy and impacting ordinary civilians it was my duty to try to use the we've said it clearly that economic wars are not different from a military war mr trump has announced that he is pursuing an economic war that targets ordinary people and is in fact terrorism this policy must stop the only solution to current problems is stopping a policy by konami more. at least 5 people were killed in syria's last rebel held province of idlib on saturday activists say government forces are using missiles and barrel bombs indiscriminately president bashar assad's forces know an offensive to recapture the northwestern region in april rebels and government forces have also been battling in northern how my province. thousands of syrians have attended a funeral for a prominent rebel figure who died fighting government forces on saturday. mornings sang lyrics by abdel baset as a route

a former football star who became known as the singer of the revolution later a procession carried so its body into a live problem. is the media in yemen say the rebels have launched several drones targeting saudi arabia in a treat they said they were trying to hit military facilities in the airport near the yemeni border there's been no confirmation of this from the saudi government and our top has more from santa. confirmed media outlets. international airport with the key to. its kind of. phones for drone that has been. claimed that the has been domestically made by the whole thing is this kind of. big big distraction especially has been used to

different areas and also. that has also closed. among. the military there so the. key has according to how the hold these has had its targets this is not the 1st time for the whole of these 2 to launch. international reports the say that this. response that this report is being used to launch air strikes against yemen so be considered as a legitimate targets u.s. president donald trump is pushing back against media reports that is latest agreement with mexico doesn't actually contain anything new trumpet threatened to impose tariffs on all imports from mexico unless it did more to stop migrants crossing into the u.s. the white house announced the agreement on friday but there are u.s.

media reports that many aspects of the deal were agreed months ago and fisher has more from washington d.c. . well there are some new elements to this 1st of all the idea that the national guard in mexico would be deployed to the southern border to stop people coming up through the country are partly in agreement was reached in december between the u.s. and mexico what we have now is a number around 5000 national guard troops will do that job and also a time scale mexico say they are moving on and they are moving on it quickly mexico is also going to make it easier for people to stay in mexico while the asylum claims are held in the united states know that whole thing is being challenged in the courts here in the u.s. so that might not become such a key issue donald trump has also said in a tweet on sunday but there is one big thing that wasn't unknowns when the news release about this went out on friday and that will become clear at the appropriate time no idea what that could possibly be and also he is saying that mexico has

agreed to buy a great deal of agricultural produce from the united states but that has left both people here in the u.s. and in mexico scratching their heads saying there is no such agreement mexico has entered into no agreement about agricultural products what supporters of donald trump are saying is that the threat of terror undoubtedly made mexico come to the table because within hours of him saying that this was a possibility that the foreign minister of mexico was in washington discussing a deal this also gives donald trump a convenient political out if the situation on the border does not improve that he can say this is not a problem this is mexico and he may well raise the issue of type of sigyn because the talents for the moment are only suspended not completely canceled. iraki say they need urgent help to preserve artifacts and what was the ancient kingdom of

babylon many of its sights have been neglected because of years of conflict. to find out. babylon the capital city of an empire that reached its peak on the king neb you could around 2600 years ago this road led to the tower of babel archaeologists say the walls were once adorned with blue ceramic designs the babylonian god murdoch rides along the famous ishtar gate. couldn't is his name is carved in qunu form a writing around 5000 years old and some of the bricks the southern palace was rebuilt on the original foundations and completed around 20 years ago but a lot of the restoration work is complicated to preservation efforts concrete has forced moisture insult up into the ancient foundations the water table is high because a tributary of the euphrates river is close by bricks late in the 1980 s.

to reinforce some walls have made archaeological investigations difficult. problems include the shifting heavy populated areas close by we need a vast plan of excavation the remaining archaeology needs sustainable preservation because the archaeological material is being heavily eroded rising above the site perched on top of a manmade hill is a palace built for a man who often identified himself with the babylonian kings saddam hussein's sama policy is an eerie reminder of iraq's more recent past. the former dictator's faces carved into the palace walls. the great holes inside the empty marble walls are covered in graffiti amuro on the ceiling seems the only thing not defiled it's saddam hussein was so obsessed with babylon that he built one of his policies

here and it's from the palace walls that you get this incredible view of the ancient ruins it's believed that in the foreground here that's where the fabled hanging gardens of babylon were located and it's hoped that after years of petitioning by the iraqi government this site is soon going to gate world heritage status iraqi archaeologists say the government needs to demonstrate its commitment to the sustainable preservation of babylon conflicts and political instability has kept most international archaeological teams away for almost 30 years the importance of babylon goes beyond whether or not it's a world heritage property and that goes for many sites in this country the origin of civilization civilization itself of complex civilization in the evidence of it is here in this country the origin of writing you know important governance itself kingship and the temple complex evolving over hundreds and thousands of years

according to the bible god punished the babylonians for trying to build a structure to heaven and this overgrown trench is where it's believed the tower of babel once stood experts say a star archaeological investigation of babylon in the surrounding area could take centuries a site of a described as the birthplace of civilization in a country the struggling to recover from its violent recent past chance trafford al-jazeera. and you can always catch up on our website address that is al-jazeera dot com and you also watch us spiking on the orange live like on al-jazeera dot com. thank you. so much in our top stories here on ars there are at least 3 people have been killed in sudan during the 1st day of a general strike and call for civil disobedience it's been organized in response to

a violent military crackdown on protesters the opposition is accusing the military jointer of waging a war against the sudanese people and they said they won't stop protesting until there's a transfer to civilian rule it's just another form of this relation of nonviolent resistance. we tried going out in protests would be if they thought well if we were if you knew we did not want you we want where we are what one says they walk or see what we want is a civil authority has been violence in hong kong as police tried to break up protesters following a mass rally organizers say more than a 1000000 people took part of the demonstration to oppose a controversial extradition bill they fear the proposed changes were did our china to target political ponens in the territory and send them to the mainland for trial exit polls in kazakhstan say the show the interim president has won 70 percent of the vote in sunday's election. want to k.f.

is set to be the 1st new leader in 30 years but some opposition groups say the vote was unfair at least 500 people have been arrested after police and protesters clashed on election day the holdovers interim president has signed a decree calling for snap elections to be held in september the move plunges the country deeper into political crisis after pro russia and pro european or makers failed to form a government despite months of wrangling david phillips was appointed as the country's interim leader after a court relieved president eagle dawn of his duties. the libyan coast guard says it's rescued more than 500 refugees trying to reach europe since the beginning of june the men women and children from arab african and asian countries set off in rubber and wooden boats they were brought ashore off the coast of libya's capital tripoli and taken to government shelters iran has unveiled a new air defense system which it says is capable of targeting fighter jets and

drones it says the technology can handle 6 targets at once those are the headlines talk to our syria is up next half an hour. what is the state of freedom of speech around the world the u.n. has an expert who examines that and he doesn't have much good news special rapporteur david kay also looks at the internet and social media is democracy under threat from all the disinfo mation and manipulation and how do you police the internet without censorship and restraint take the freedom of expression twitter

facebook you choose platforms enabling free expression of information and ideas or are we looking at something more on the us forces that are making serious public policy discussions more difficult and thereby undermining democracies should we consider a social media as tools for keeping governments in check or is it the other way round the internet's been publicly available for around 25 years but what started as a free unregulated exchange of information has now morphed into a machine like utility run by companies guarding their trade secrets and processing information in ways hidden from the public all this comes with serious questions about control of information today on talk to al-jazeera a conversation with david kay the man tossed by the united nations with the an enviable job of investigating the state of freedom of expression around the world.

david kay the un special rapporteur on the freedom of expression thank you for talking to al-jazeera. so let's start with that job title because it might not mean all that much to people who are watching what is a special rapporteur because i know you're not in charge of u.n. policy you don't decide what the u.n. does that's true so special wrapper tours are independent experts who are appointed by the human rights council which is the central human rights body of the united nations system and we are essentially appointed in order to monitor in to report on issues around particular areas of human rights around the world my area happens to be freedom of expression i do country visits i converse with governments all of the time and i do thematic reports on all sorts of issues so you investigate what's wrong and tell everyone about it completely and in terms of freedom of expression what are the rights of

a global citizen whether they come from so everybody enjoys rights to freedom of expression this is a global norm it's rooted in the universal declaration of human rights but also a set of binding treaties treaties international agreements that states are bound to observe and it provides everyone with the right to seek receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds regardless of frontiers and through any media everyone even in north korea everyone absolutely now that doesn't mean that governments are not interfering with those rights regularly and governments do have a kind of acceptable range of restrictions for certain necessary things such as national security or the privacy rights of others they can impose restrictions but the fundamental right is available or should be available to everybody on the planet you say they have exceptions that clearly is the problem is that sometimes drawing the line on things like blasphemy or hate speech what amounts to blasphemy

or hate speech for example yeah exactly so hate speech is something that is in particular required by human rights law to prohibit but it's not hate speech in some generic way it's basically. the advocacy of hatred that constitutes incitement to violence discrimination or hostility let me get your view of where we are on human rights and freedom of expression around the world last year i spoke to the high commissioner of human rights and she actually said that if you have that universal declaration of human rights as a new thing and you try to put it to the u.n. general assembly all the country members of the u.n. she's not sure it would even polis i think that's a wise observation actually the the norms that are in human rights law they were established basically in 1948 and they are very serious reactions to what we saw in world war 2 there are very serious allowances for all sorts of freedoms and the problem that we see around the world today is that governments are

increasingly interfering with all sorts of human rights but in terms of my mandate they're interfering increasingly with everyone's right to freedom of expression this is a unfortunately a global phenomenon well let's just give you all snapshot you've been doing the job since 2014 yes or things going backwards in that period i think in many respects they are going backwards and it's deeply unfortunate and we see it in a variety of of substantive areas we see attacks on journalists we see limitations on criticism of government criticism of religious institutions like you mentioned blasphemy we have seen increasingly efforts by political leaders by governments to restrict the kind of robust debate that we expect in democratic societies we see an increasing amount of concentration of the media particularly controlled by the state it's been deeply problematic over the last several years it's true if we look at your background and where you started you spent quite a bit of time as

a lawyer for the u.s. state department and you are an american it's worth reminding everyone that over the last 70 years right from the universal declaration of hume. in rights the u.s. has played a pretty central role in promoting human rights and promoting the freedom of expression and the freedom of speech is the current us administration under president trump living up to that legacy. i think there are a lot of concerning things coming out of the trumpet ministration a rabbit out of the white house and i want to emphasize that you know the u.s. government is not this one single entity there are a lot of people and there are a lot of entities at the state level state and local levels around the country that are really deeply committed to preserving freedom of expression but when you have a president who attacks the media on a regular basis where he calls the media the enemy of the people which i think he does for strategic purposes to sow doubt in the people's opinion about media and in

the truthfulness of traditional reporting i think that's deeply problematic but of course in the u.s. freedom of speech freedom of expression is protected in the u.s. constitution it isn't in all countries around the world so what example does it say those comments from president trump to other leaders i think that's right i mean i think that it's a rhetorical stance that at the end of the day. u.s. courts are likely going to stand with freedom of expression i think that's true and i think that's absolutely something that we need to clarify but the rhetoric i think gives some comfort to authoritarians there is no freedom of expression in north korea exactly tell me what your view is of that country of but you haven't been able to go on a visit no i haven't gone on a visit i mean north korea is a closed society remember when i said that article 19 of the universal declaration of human rights protects everyone's right to secrecy even impart information and

ideas you can't get any of that in north korea people cannot receive information they can't even seek it right in part because it's close to the internet for example so what we think of as seeking information is maybe going online and browsing that's unavailable to north koreans their ability to criticize the government which should be fundamental to any democratic society is completely unavailable in north korea it's unavailable in other places too but north korea is is really the single worst example in the world of repression and really to tallaght tarion as and when it comes to all sorts of issues. that's the worst country in the world may give you what might be the worst case in recent history of seoul being targeted for their words and it's the saudi journalist. who was killed in the saudi consulate in istanbul brutally murdered you know

are you happy with the way the world has responded to them that's not at all not at all i mean if you look at the reaction since we've seen on the one hand turkey has provided some information but mainly through intelligence services and to journalists and kind of dribs and drabs so although i understand turkey's position but more concerning is one saudi arabia has not done anything to to acknowledge not just the killers responsibility but the responsibility of the government at the most senior levels for this killing so that's one deeply problematic issue but the other one the broader one that i think is in some respects more concerning because we expect democratic societies to stand up is not virtual silence but in action in the face of this there has been no effort for example in the u.n. system by states to seek to censure saudi arabia except in one instance led

by by iceland actually in the human rights council except for that in an informal way there's been very little censure of saudi arabia for its role in killing jamal khashoggi and i think that is a frankly a travesty do you believe the u.n. secretary general because some experts do believe he had the power himself to set up an investigation you know i understand that there are some legal questions around his capacity to do that i think what we needed to see essentially is some request of him to do that once the state requested that i think it would have changed the nature of. of the issue and there was really no request for that and if there had been that request then i think that it would have been in the secretary general's power or in other institutions power whether it's the general assembly where the human rights council to set something up now one of my colleagues actually did conduct a visit an official visit to turkey in order to investigate the killing of jamal

khashoggi but there was no backing behind her of that this is the special report for. extrajudicial killing exact right in the skull of mots exact she didn't really have any power to cheat she had no power tool exactly all she could have essentially was the discretion of ford and her by the government of turkey inviting her in to conduct her own investigation but with the absence of the u.n. system of as a whole the absence of states actually providing the kind of momentum and pressure on turkey and on saudi arabia to cooperate i don't think we were going to see anything more and it was valiant effort of hers to do it and a very important effort but it wasn't connected to what states really need to do to hold people accountable for the killings of journalists she hasn't yet reported are you hearing that she has found any new information or will the main effect of her inquiry be to show off other people who haven't done one thing i think that her

report will be really important for people to see in terms of both the lack of activity by states but also i think that it will be important in showing the kinds of things that states should be doing moving forward when we have these kinds of just very very serious attacks on journalists and activists and others and this journalist of course was a legal resident of the u.s. so u.s. donna i i don't think they've done anything so i mean the question of the united states actually engaging in this has been you know virtually nothing i mean what we have seen is you know these allegations of of a close relationship. tween jared questioner the president's son in law and the leader of the crown prince of saudi arabia and that that is providing a kind of protection for for the saudi leader that is deeply problematic it is showing in many ways a reluctance not to mention a refusal to engage in this incredibly important question i know as

a legal expert you would want to see all the evidence and you're looking at this from a fall but from what you can see and given the chain of command in some of the arabia seems to be pretty short would you believe that the crown prince is leak or leak culpable here i mean i think that's that's absolutely a question for some kind of criminal investigation but as far as we can tell from everything that has been disclosed so far all of the threads lead back to to the crown prince and and whether it is a direct ordering of the killing or it's a responsibility because of not indicating that that wasn't what he wanted to happen when he knew it was a forseeable impact of this attempt to to get him in turkey. he's responsible i think that that seems pretty clear whether it amounts to criminal culpability i think is a question that i would really like to see handled by by the structures of the u.n. system it's already clear from our conversation that the issues of freedom of

expression are a very difficult thorny subject they get even more difficult when we go online the move this is a subject of a new book of yours we have it here speech place the global struggle to govern the internet let me talk to you about that let me start at the beginning of the internet it seemed like a utopian idea for freedom of expression didn't it took place a democratic place where everyone could say and the thing where everyone became their own publisher yeah absolutely and people i think look back on that that internet of you know not that long ago 152025 years ago as a place where you would go to bed. logs for example and you would look at one essay or argument and it would have hyperlinks and then you would go to another and another and suddenly you had discovered a whole world of information and ideas without even knowing it and that was a world that we could think of as a kind of flat internet right in internet in which it was very difficult for governments to impose restrictions but that internet is gone we have an internet

now that is highly centralized by major platforms whether it's china and its we chat or it's the global power platforms of you tube and google facebook and twitter and those give companies the ability to restrict expression but it also gives governments these very serious ability to identify where exactly to go when they want to restrict speech it's easier to go to say facebook and say take down this page rather than to identify some blogger who might be very difficult to find online it has made the internet in the last 15 years has made censorship easier rather than really allowed us to reach what we had expected at some level which might have been a naive expectation of a nerve on a free speech online so explain to me how the user experience has changed or go back on the old to the old days of a daily newspaper in the page and not knowing what to expect on the next page you

know now of course the social media companies know the stories you like and keep feeding you the same story so if you take something very nice even if it's extremist even if it's hate speech they'll keep sending it to you yeah yeah exactly so i mean the internet has become particularly because of social media and because of you know the desire of the companies in order to make money and that means in order to sell our attention to advertisers they need an internet that engages us and what that means is that we are continually fed news stream. we are fed information that algorithmically the platforms think this is what this person will want to see it's very different than your experience with the newspaper it's also very different from the old blogosphere where you might follow your curiosities right now the internet comes to you rather than you actually going to the internet

and exploring your your horizons essentially let's use a real world example myanma in the summer of 27 to. you had the repression against the community basically there was a cleansing going on in the un high commissioner for human rights described it as that and there were people tend to use facebook a lot perhaps because they distrust the state media in the past was a was propaganda totally what they were finding on facebook in that period so so facebook you're right facebook is the internet in me and maher and what people were finding and this is really a demonstration of the platform power because they weren't just the internet they were also they were the media they were the way people were getting information social media was the way people got any kind of information and what many people were finding and what was becoming more and more prevalent on the platform in

20142015 was incitement to violence against the rohingya community and facebook really did not do anything in the face of that incitement to violence even though that was inconsistent with its own rules for participating in the service and that i think well the un has actually in a commission of inquiry determined that that ability to use the platform to incite violence was one of the initiators and motivators for people to go out and and exercise terrible crimes against rangers in the period of 2. 10162017 so all these companies failing perhaps you could explain to us how they try and police the internet the i mean the companies it's really interesting in the sense that the companies are extremely powerful in various environments around the world but at the same time they've also become governors of space they have big they have bureaucratized the space to such an extent that they have rules they have many

legislatures they have all sorts of mechanisms to determine when there is a violation of a particular rule and yet we still see massive kinds of harms that take place on on their platforms and it's a real question whether the companies are consistently enforcing the rules and the major problem here is that we don't know what we don't know because they are not transparent about their implementation of the rules in your book you talk about this information potentially democracy is also under threat here you mention 2 examples the 2016 u.s. election and the brics it referendum in the u.k. how worrying could this be for the future of democracy i think it's extremely worrying although the dissent from asian problem in particular is very difficult to solve and i want to start by saying that one of the fundamental problems in the

dissent from asian space is the willingness of political leaders and that is government leaders who should know better who are amplifying the voices of dissent formers of conspiracy theorists and others so this is a problem that is both. amplified by social media but also amplified by outside outside leaders leaders who i mean are outside of the social media context but the companies could very well identify rules for how they deal with this information and then do and then undertake rules undertake enforcement. that is not essentially censorship they can slow down the amplified amplification of that kind of information they can do all sorts of things that used technology to deal with this information they are trying i admit that they're trying but when we look at the world of descent from asia it's very hard for them to be in a position to know this information is false this information is true and we might

not want them to be in that position either to the companies need more government regulation or does that lead to yet more censorship i think this is a time where we should be thinking about government regulation and i think it could come in a variety of forms i one should be government regulation to ensure transparency of the companies so that we the users can really have insight into what the what the companies are doing in order to keep their platforms safe for the exercise of human rights another is an idea that has really taken on some momentum in the united states and that's using competition policy tools of antitrust to possibly even break up the companies but if we go down that route we absolutely have to have a conversation about what that kind of breakup of the company is would mean for users around the world because remember facebook as an example has about 2 and a half 1000000000 users 85 percent of them are outside the united states so any

kind of tool or regulation that might be adopted here has to take into account the global users and what the impact of of any kind of regulatory measure would have on them. looking forward is technology going to make the problem better or worse we had a recent example of the us speaker nancy pelosi and someone manipulated her answers in a press conference and made it sound like she was slurring there is now i believe early versions of technology that can create video and make people's lips move to say things they didn't say this is one of the threats to the future and unfortunately. we see government leaders amplifying those very dissin from ation tools so the example of nancy pelosi is doctored video the one that made her look to be slurring on the one hand that's something that actually nancy pelosi could deal with and she did she did deal with it it wasn't necessarily something that facebook had to take

down for purposes of protecting her as a public leader and frankly we might not want the company to be in the position of taking down content that mocks political leaders that's part of robust debate is being critical and even using satire and mockery from for time to time but the problem that you're really getting to on this deep fakes question making political leaders look like they're saying something that they're not really saying is a very significant threat to the future and what we really need is a commitment from governments to avoid using those tools and we need a commitment from the companies to find technology solutions if not to take them down but to at least identify when those kinds of videos might be out there so that they can be appropriately labeled and identified as potentially fake this is a problem i mean this is a problem but for many many reasons it's a problem because it's hard to define truth from fiction and particularly online

but it's one that we can't shy away from and it needs all stakeholders that means the companies governments and users to act in a responsible way to define how to solve the problem but it does mean that unscrupulous leaders in various countries around the world can use this whole issue and dismiss things with awful to fake news this is this is a fundamental problem and this is what is perhaps unusual maybe going back to your initial question that this particular moment is especially problematic and difficult because we don't seem to have i mean apart from countries here and there . we don't seem to have a cult coalition of countries who in good faith want to solve these problems who want to do away with the amplification of fake information like the deep fakes and who want to address issues like fake news or distant from ation in ways that respect human rights that respect everybody's access to information and

a right to access information while also dealing with the harms that their does not see seem to be a global governmental good faith effort to solve these problems. david kay thank you for talking to al jazeera thinking my . tibetan culture a dance thrives here every day generations of tibetans continue to brace and maintain their cultural heritage it's a reminder of who they are or whether. this is a suburb of the idiot capital new delhi tibet so the refugees here since 1964

buttons here have been defined as migrants are not refugees because india hasn't signed up to the 1951 un convention on refugees so tibetans here have been able to access the indian welfare system so they become self-sufficient setting up their a businesses and looking for work independently but for some it's not enough. as governments fail to cut emissions scientists are proposing drastic measures to save the planet. people in power ways technological endeavors to counter humanity's pollutants against the risks of further meddling with the environment do you ever feel like this is playing god it's actually quite unsettling and quite frankly makes me quite anxious. clyne attack us on our just iraq. the most memorable moment of al-jazeera was when i was on air as host of

a back fell with the crowd to tahrir square to ok. if something happens anywhere in the world al-jazeera is in place we're able to cover this like no other news organizations. were able to do it properly. and that is our strength. and i honor and her nandan the top stories are out there at least 3 people are being killed as you don during the 1st day of a general strike and call for a civil disobedience has been organized in response to a violent military crackdown on protesters their position is accusing the minute she genter of waging a war against the sudanese people and they say they won't stop protesting until

there's a transfer to civilian rule to mash out has more. sunday marks the beginning of the we can sit down but rather than work commutes and traffic jams the streets of kind of whom are empty these videos appear to show that the public has heated the calls by pro-democracy groups for civil disobedience and the general strike the movement for freedom and change together with the sudanese professionals union had announced sunday's action in response to the military gentle seizing of power and the continued crackdown on protesters. it's still not known how many people were killed by the security forces during last night's massacre when the main pro-democracy sit in was forcibly dispersed but a sudanese doctors group puts the toll in the past week at 117. videos like these continue to emerge showing that while the military gentle talks about dialogue it's personnel are trying to beat the people into submission but when the play. is that

we hope that our brothers in the other groups respond to our colfer dialogue without preconditions what's at stake is the nation we value the efforts of our friends who are concerned about developments in sudan we want to reach an agreement but if we don't then we will form a government. despite an attempt by the if european prime minister to mediate between the jensen and pro-democracy groups being received well by both sides security forces arrested several of the group's leaders within hours of the if european pm departing called home the man believed to be calling the shots in the military council is its vice presidents mohamad hum done the former warlord in his notorious jungle weed forces have been accused of committing war crimes during the darfur conflict that doesn't bode well for sudan's pro-democracy protesters added to that's the military's leadership has held several meetings with saudi crown prince mohammed bin salomon and mirage de facto leader mohammed bin zayed and

egypt's kuti their turn presidents are different the all of whom have been accused by human rights groups of cracking down on free speech. the main groups behind sudan's revolution have insisted they will remain peaceful and not give up their demands for freedom despite their differences violence general strikes like sunday's are an example of peaceful resistance but in a country with a history of conflict in a region where revolutions have turned into civil wars there is genuine concern for sudan's future. i just. there's been violence in hong kong as police tried to break up protesters following a mass rally organizers say more than a 1000000 people took part in the demonstration to oppose a controversial extradition bill they fear the proposed changes would allow china to target political opponents in the territory and send them to the mainland for trial exit polls in kazakhstan show the interim president has won 70 percent of the

vote in sunday's election. is said to be the 1st new leader in 30 years but some opposition groups say the vote was unfair at least 500 people have been arrested after police and protesters clashed on election day. more dover's interim president has signed a decree calling for snap elections to be held in september the move plunges the country deeper into political crisis after pro russian and pro european lawmakers failed to form a government despite months of wrangling over philip was appointed as the country's interim leader after a court relieved president igor dawn of his duties. the risk of people dying attempting to cross the sea to europe is at its highest ever as according to the un's refugee agency the u.n.h.c.r. says without intervention in the mediterranean there will be a sea of blood the libyan coast guard says it's rescued more than 500 refugees trying to reach europe since the beginning of june. up next in rewind islam in

america regular mosques what it means to be a patriot and a muslim in america more news after that. i. let. my. let. alone and welcome to rewind i'm richelle carey and the decade since we launched al-jazeera english back in 2006 we have built a library of moving and powerful documentaries here army wine revisiting some of

the best of them and looking at how the story has moved on today we are rewinding 10 years to 2008 and rug omar set out on a unique journey across the united states to get to the heart of what it meant to be muslim in america and that was back in the decade of $911.00 and the iraq war that followed since then of course the world has turned with the rise of isis the political upheavals that followed the arab spring the chaos that is and go 1st libya then syria and of course the election of donald trump and his travel ban so today it's more important than ever to understand the history of a vibrant diverse and still growing muslim community and what it means to be both muslim and the patriot here's islam in america from 2008. oh say. cecil i would take your brother.

if you would. this. have. you. forget you. mention america and islam and most people think of irreconcilable conflict but i suspect that's not the whole story in this 2 part series i hope to discover the truth relationship that's evolving between the 2. there is said to be 8000000 muslims in the united states and the faith is said to be the fastest growing religion in this country and the roots and history of islam a longer than most people are aware of i want to travel across this huge country to find out the stories of what it's like to be an american muslim. in this program

all the searching for the origins of islam in america talking to african-americans who just discovering that own islamic history and exploring is being american fits comfortably with being muslim. my journey begins with a trip to minneapolis in the midwest it may seem an old destination for a program on islam because its citizens are mostly jewish and christian but in 2007 voters here elected america's 1st muslim congressman keith ellison. keith back on the campaign trail on a most significant anniversary today is juneteenth it commemorates june 19th 865. the abolition of slavery these are local political activists and they're coming on the parade to get people in this community fired up about voting and at the halt of their efforts a young muslims playing their part trying to get congressman keith ellison the 1st

muslim in congress reelected. oh good spirit nice to see you keith ellison is a charismatic politician who's keen to get young muslim started in politics well you know we're just having fun out here you know keith introduces me to his intent . would you say just sort of young muslims living in other parts of the world i think being a muslim in america is a very tough thing and such are i mean there's advantages there's disadvantages we definitely have a lot more opportunity is a kind of difficult going up in a different especially where i'm from it's a stance and the only muslim in my school the only muslim in my high school so that's definitely a challenge but once you get past that you know you can there's so many different avenues so many different opportunities for you to connect with and what it's like to be able to come in the united states get challenging and rewarding on the same time but i think the most important thing to remember that you only you know what

we can make you know if we want and i encourage all muslims around the world to actually do the same you know please get to know you elected officials will it all that's the only way you can make a difference. and it's going to get. you guys do it that we don't see you know this is when the slaves got free right this is a great example of the american author of glad handing it's the way to the electoral heart of the nation how candidates meet their votes is and has paid off for keith here in minneapolis and it's worked elsewhere now americans have elected to muslims to congress. all of these historically been on the margins of american society now come in you know when there's enough for. everybody right now. for those muslims around the world in western countries who have no idea about the community here how would you say life is for muslims in america at the moment all

yes american you do hear about people getting hassled in airports you know there's a long way to go absolutely because impression i mean come from britain in terms of sheer muslims is a base level is hiding under their beds. that's broadly speaking that muslim living is really the beast not only did i not only did i just get elected by an overwhelmingly jewish christian community so did andre carson who's a muslim here in indiana so people need to not look for excuses to disengage you have to get involved you have to run the risk that you can encounter bumps in a long way but you still have to seen and heard yeah. good and certainly keith needed the votes of christians and jews to get elected but there's a community of 44000 somali muslims here the biggest in america they even have their own t.v. network and they got behind chief. somali t.v. of minnesota and we're so glad to have you today. ok ready let's focus to

our muslim. countries i think muslims in european countries. believe that you know they join the greatest freedoms in the muslim communities in the west a thriving most of all in europe and when they think about the position of muslims in america to be honest with you i think they think that the numbers are tiny before i caught the plane here actually i was with my mom and i said oh you as we send someone. how many muslims you think they're on in the whole of the united states and she said 100150000 you know the whole united states in the whole united states but i mean as i understand it is anywhere between 5 and 8000000 is the number i mean when you think about america as a land of opportunity and sort of seizing things with both hands maybe the sort of you know the next right you modify could be so are going to say that will come.