commonly known as the blue bunny honestly because this blow i suppose is why i bought the idea. you can see heating elements runnin through it i'm surprised how much it looks like something worn by nasa astronauts this looks just like a cooling suit that you were underneath your your space suit so you say ok how are we going to manage to keep the national cool when they're wearing this massive suit that weighs more than 2 men you just put them in a suit that has watering through it and so again like with the new pick up you can see really clearly that this is something that he would have been it not even inspired by such an obvious against an obvious answer to a problem during the war grandpa was a navigator in a b. 17 called the cost of it. but i've never been able to picture him in action so this is really interesting because this is actually inside of a b. 17 this picture here and it's really i like it because it's. the 1st chance i've

had to understand what it would have looked like inside one so where's that was the pilot on his back here ok. this is where their tears we're looking from the back here in the front what kind temperatures would have actually been inside the aircraft i mean that you'd have to weigh what jacket. more of this is where they. found on jackets because the american bombing was done from going to harm's that was the on duty dad asks rouse if there's any wreckage of when grandpa was shot down in 190336 this is going 1st i have a money and your money find your dad in here. and matthew iraq page 289. and the member 21st lieutenant goodwin churned up for

a free concert in riyadh go were knocked out of formation when 2 rounds of flying get into the us we hear what you fall back on a formation you're an easy target we had a fall back out of formation because they had hit an engine and when they hit an engine it was an inboard engine and it hit me when doing 1st lieutenant matthew wright radnofsky the navigator and here. we are the tail gonna bailed out everybody bailed all enlisted men bailed out. the pilot and the copilot stayed holding the plane plane level. i was hit in the plane. and the same explosion is also the number 2 engine on fire sever the throttle linkage to number one. the plane lost 2 engines. ultimately and the 3rd engine. finally i got a great big. piece of flak that went into my back. right through.

the armored suit that i was wearing i had 2 of it suits one that i laid on the floor. and another one that i was one that was sitting and wearing but i went right through it didn't make any difference then another verse to the right side of this for 23rd plane and 2nd lieutenant marvin the traveler copilot was badly wounded in his right leg. while they were having a very good day. and laid me out flat i was laying there and it and it opened my parachute repairers to lay and they are in the inside. so the bomb a deer. gave me his parachute. and tach me to a static line right next to me. and threw me out. and other members of the crew who bailed out were 1st lieutenant douglas mcknight who was received

a. medal for saving my saving my dad got him out he was the bombardier and semper gliese all turkoman he came down from a very high altitude because it it deployed very quickly and took a long time to get down its but it was wonderful it was so quiet and then i heard a dog barking and i heard a bell ringing up from a church. and then i landed in the trees and it was wonderful man you could ever get i landed in a parachute kind of landed over the top of the trees and i plunged down and never hit the ground just a couple feet from the ground hanging there at a british parachute on which was. you just turn turn or thing and hit it and you fall out of it and i was pretty much paralyzed. due to my wounds i was hit currently my mission control and well as in the year because i got 3 machine gun bullets in addition in me when i when i parachute in my boots fell off my. vest

fell off my skate fit kit fell off everything the only they worked was it was the parachute thank god but nothing worked that's how i became interested in working with safety equipment nothing worked. well. you know it's terrific to get this one to measure. thanks we feel humble. when i was when i was 19 years old i wasn't doing anything like this. in the united states the. calling sound a ship has offered me the chance to put myself in grandpa's boot and take my own ride in a b. 17 despite my fear of heights it's an unmissable offer to take. climbing up into the b. 17 i'm surprised how cramped it is

a little cold it's really. made of composing from the outside but it's actually crowded and very functional on the inside. the 1st time i get to see what the painting in the museum is like a real life i can see the bone that is decision and the navigator's table where my grandfather would have sat and where he was injured. i'm sitting here with a radio operator would have sat. there you go where the pilot was and the current pilots would offend. me great if you can actually this is open up here and it goes and i think over a 100 miles an hour. here we go there we go there. oh ok let's. let me feel no big deal.

it. led to.

it's a windy day and off to the flight i'm told this is made our trip i'm usually similar laughter in the forward. leg. it was really. like a little bit of. just what it was. grandpa's experience of being shot down in spite of his passion for safety clothing and ultimately led to a career at nasa. on october the 4th $957.00 russia successfully launched sputnik one the world's 1st artificial satellite. this act marked the start of the space race a battle for supremacy of space between the u.s.

and russia. america responds with the mercury project making alan shepard the 1st american in space in 1961 followed by john glenn less than a year later. in 1962 president john f. kennedy declared the country would go one step further by putting him out on the moon are you returning him safely and all by the end of the decade we don't go to the mall in just a can and do the other thing not because they are easy but because they are god because god. well sheriff joe organize and measure the best of our energies and skills because that jalen just one that we're willing to accept one we are on willing to oppose bold and one we intend to live the other still.

kennedy's famous rallying call to beat russia to the noon galvanized thousands of american engineers into developing new technologies including the space suit. the smithsonian's national air and space museum in washington d.c. is the perfect place to get the bigger picture of how the space suit was developed these basic space suits good ones good garra and glenn war basically have the same function they were there to keep erin in case of emergency to keep particles out and to protect against any sort of radiation that those high levels of altitude spacesuits are not very comfortable things to where they're they're heavy they're all chord they're bulky they're constraining. getting knows everything right for the astronaut is very important so so you've heard of my grandfather yes yes i've seen his signature on. documents and materials yes these these very well that

i think for me it's hard sometimes to understand exactly how he fits into everything but the process of designing the suit is enormously iterative it starts with proposed suit designs and prototype suits they come from private corporations as a bid for a contract with nasa and they work with with nasa and the crew systems division and the astronauts to decide what's good what's bad what has to be fixed and what has to be modified so there is an ongoing discussion they have to have a suit that doesn't cost them an enormous amount of money. that satisfies the astronauts because they're going to be the ones working in it and that also meets the requirements to fit in the spacecraft to work on that operationally and fits the requirements of nasa and the crew systems division it sounds like also

grandpa would have been actually known a lot of different people if he was mediating between the astronauts and nasa itself within the contract yes the contractor he's known among the astronauts he's known among contractors and certainly had now he's very famous and he has a signature signing off on materials and designed. to incredible to hear someone say he was famous. i can't believe that it's just yeah wow so everything your parents told you were still. one story they did tell me you know it's astronauts engineers and contractors and i design could have ended the entire space program. on january 27th 1967 the crew of apollo one. roger chaffee gus grissom and ed white were carrying out the routine test plugs out test dress rehearsal for launch when it went disastrously wrong.

everything was going to hand when suddenly the control room heard one of the crew shouting over the intercom there was a fire in the capsule i. had. some wired sparks and a pure oxygen environment of course to fire. the 3 astronauts were dead within 90 seconds. well to coming home lunar module pilots republish 7 was also a member of the backup crew for apollo one he had been in the same spacecraft just the night before taking process similar tasks to the prime crew it was a real shock because we had done the test night before almost same test and we were waiting the next day for said roger to perform it with the plugs out on the has closed so we were all going to fly back together and by late

afternoon they had been so many delays and other problems. in the space craft that we found beside them at about 5 o'clock we were going to take off we flew back by ourselves wally donna. the shot we had was when we landed back here in ellington air force base and usually we would just walk in changing or leave our helmets and drive home but there was the. operations officer was there meeting as we know there's something wrong when inside and he told us about the fire and the crew had died. so it was a shock to us and so we really started trying to find out what had happened and of course. go on by saying the surviving spouse is doing what you do after somebody a friend gets killed like. gus grissom and roger

chaffee were buried at arlington national cemetery the resting place of the nation's heroes. at white's family buried him at west point military academy in new york. i think it's very moving to come face to face with the real graves because it makes them more real obviously. to see their names and just to see them along with the other gravesite. a military man and these men died for their country in a way that i think they never expected to die and i think that's what's also so hard they dived on the ground on a day in a test that no one expected to be fatal and i think that's probably what was hard for their families is that they they died in the in the development stages they didn't die in space it was just what i consider to be

a monday and friday. the space program was suspended for 18 months while a major investigation looked into just what had gone wrong and advised changes to be made among them the hatch of the capsule was redesigned to make emergency escape much easier and the air inside it was changed to a less flammable mix of nitrogen and oxygen the new challenge for grandpa and the crew systems team would be to make the whole command module fireproof and crucially the space suit was specifically redesigned to be made from non flammable material the fire was a turning point in the space program it brought about the realisation that not just the most obviously dangerous scenarios needed caution even a routine test on the launch pad could be fatal after the investigation into the fire closed all eyes were on what new fire proof suit the apollo astronauts would wear and who created.

stories generate thousands of headlines with different angles from different perspectives on the sun just long standoff with international borders is finally over separate the spin from the facts the misinformation from the journalism protesters complain about the underreported of police violence the sensationalizing . all the demonstrations we've been listening post on al-jazeera. al-jazeera where every new. mexico's most popular soap opera is changing society by tackling women socially she

is. in its 1st episode so books discovers the drama behind the scenes as a producer state the hotshots facing the mothers of disabled children and the phone social stigmas by broadcasting from the well. charlie analogise 0. 0 i maryam namazie and on one quick look at the top stories the u.s. president says he called all for town a tree strikes on iran just 10 minutes before they would you to go ahead attacks were ordered against 3 iranian targets after an american surveillance drone was shot down of the strait of hormuz on thursday but trump says he changed his mind in order to avoid mass casualties he says he's in no hurry to launch any action they

came in they said sure we're ready to go we'd like a decision i said i want to know something before you go how many people will be killed approximately 150 and i thought about of course i said you know what they shot down an urn and. drone plane whatever you want to call it and here we are busy sitting with $150.00 dead people that would have taken place probably within a half an hour after i said go ahead and i didn't like it. the head of the world food program has appealed to yemen's hoofy rebels to allow the delivery of more aid the agency has partially suspended its operations in yemen after failing to reach an agreement with the armed group on how to stop food being diverted from people who need it the russian president vladimir putin is always at a temporary ban on all flights from russia to georgia after violent protests broke out in the georgian capital over a visit by a russian politician demonstrations have been taking place outside the parliament in the capital tbilisi since saturday governor of gave

a speech there on thursday in russian tensions remain high between georgia and russia 11 years after they fought a war over the breakaway region of south ossetia. and chechen human rights activist or you to t. of has been freed from prison early after a russian court gave him parole it was arrested last year and sentenced to 4 years on drug possession charges which his supporters say well a punishment for his human rights work the u.n. human rights chief michel bash has held talks with the venezuelan opposition leader one in caracas met at the opposition controlled national assembly she is also scheduled to meet the president nicolas maduro her 3 day visit comes ahead of a un human rights council session where western states are expected to criticize madieu as government for economic mismanagement mooney's later. and of course we're going to bring you the news hour later $2100.00 g.m.t. i will be back with that more on all of the day's top stories and analysis as well

join me then. my grandfather mackie radnofsky was well known for working with the contractors who competed for the chance to design and build the new apollo space suits one company i also. went to great lengths with the publicist the stunt show destitute playing american football and winning the nasa contract by a touchdown. show has extensively researched the development of the siege and his spacesuit fashioning apollo he tells me that in the early sixty's i'll see dover was a comparatively small company best known for making women's underwear under the brand name playtex even at the time people in nasa called playtex partially as a as a cult like we call it. by their nickname partly as a kind of like can you believe we're dealing. despite the company's lack of

experience making protective clothing the flexible and highly intricate design made to clear winner an incredibly off day one the nasa contractor skilled seamstresses who had previously been sewing draws in girdles who moved to the painstaking job of assembling the apollo space because the suit ended up being put together out of $21.00 layers of fabric and like $21.00 layers of pepper just cut or cut out like like a sandwich and sent together but actually 21 different suits put one inside of the other like a russian ball and then. to a 643 inch tolerance without any pins because the pins high puncture the pressure layer this was a kind of. hercules nor olympic feat of sewing and to find people who could do it they looked to the so as they were called that they already employed her of course girdle side even though it was like 2 sides of the same warehouse and then these

women were the ones who are. put the seats together and i actually figured it out and there were no drawings all of the scenes and they were just kind of schematic drawing that told you how to put to put it together the knowledge is really only in the fingertips of these women. and they're going to says that during the research for his book my grandfather's name came up. how does that does that come up is it something that was it was it something that that seemed to be very frustrating because in fact the particular role that mind reading of all these documents is that you know there are 2 people kind of people in any organization there are the people who follow the rules and the people who get things done and allow the rules to be mostly followed and i think that your grandfather seems to me to be definitely in the latter camp i mean he was in this conflict in the egos around this war. i mean planetary scale you had the most public geo political event

of the late 1960 s. and you had all of national prestige. on the line nobody want to be the person to screw it up very well my impression is that he was an absolute pain in the ass when he needed to be and that he was charming when he needed to be and as i say in these situations you need these ringmaster figures who are able to channel and shepherd the energies of organisations to produce productive results and your grandfather definitely seems like one of the most important ones when it came to all the things which actually kept us from it's a life which in many ways were the most important principle. many of my heroes from the apollo program and no longer with us so finding people who can tell me what it was like to design the suit that man wore to walk on the moon isn't easy but former i.o.c. engineer john scheibel still has an extraordinarily bright mind and a passion for engineering he's kept

a moon boot that he was liberated from miles see when he retired and it's amazing to come face to face with such an iconic object this exact i want you guys i know ms hughes by neil armstrong and buzz aldrin yes she was on the this is the. scene this. this and various pictures of the footprint. when it came to the big moment in nepal or i'm talking about obviously the main landing when when everyone when i guess that was the real test wasn't at the a v.a. and apollo 11 of the suit that you guys. every one of our employees in the plant. are still landing on the television. every every person every person. in the past or the landing. is going to.

but after the landing. there is just. so. and that was like a so that was an emotion. that. it was that we. john hasn't seen his former boss homer reims since the space suit days so i've taken the opportunity to get them together when i meet home at. took out his experiences working on the apollo program how did you feel when that moment came when. neil stepped out of the spacecraft we saw what this was i mean this is the world looking at all i'll see the suit and the thing that.

was difficult is it the apollo 11 was the systems test the suit had been run to do or build a testing here and in our laboratory as we were called for the door building the systems test was apollo 11 and the only problem was it was real and it was on the moon and i just couldn't wait for it to get over. it all worked up pretty good except they got a hit on the timeline and buzz aldrin bit of daredevil as he is he decides to reinvent some more stuff and he's jumping around out there i think and get the idea back inside of me this is over in a success and get back in that limb you know knees out there doing some more stuff he was just caught up in the moment but it all it all worked out ok. former crew systems engineers joe mcmahon and larry bell vividly remember what it was like

to walk alongside grandpa is my discovery of an archive trip with him from an old b.b.c. documentary about nasa coupled with joe and laurie stories gives me my 1st insight into what grandpa was like to have around the office matthew radnofsky spacesuit design and the fine how he's going outside in the event that the men were to go outside on a completely self-contained sort of a life support system and some change would be made to have a plaque on his back would have that back on the back of the pack would have been. contained devices chemicals and tell me what it was like to work with matt right now if my grandpa was here matt yeah tommy i haven't i haven't he was a character and i would start there really interesting we sometimes referred to as the mad rush and just because he'd get upset when somebody didn't do what he wanted or do it as well i was telling you earlier he had this piece of 4 by 4 would lay on his desk in a big survival machete if you got upset was i mean start chopping on that block of

. people downstairs calling us would you knock it off man i can't hear down. i had an experience in the same gemini program when. the crewman complained that their communications system would slide around and in the helmet they couldn't get to it to justin and i was having a meeting in my office about how we're going to fix that he walks and i said what's your knees and i don't know what the number was like a p.j. 7 what's that british communications cap he knew about these british flying cabs because he'd been over there in the war and had flown with them and knew what it was we took it apart and uses a pattern to make what was referred to later as the snoopy cap because they had the brown the years white spandex down the middle so kind looked like a snoopy dog from the cartoon and referred to an apollo program to snoopy cap but he was i want to got that and started. tell us what we need to tell me what it was like at the time then to be working chris systems what was grandpa like when matt

walked into a room he totally filled it he was single minded he was totally focused and anybody around no matter who you work for by the organization chart if a man had a job or do you work for a man and one thing about him he could break into almost be a to fix smile he had the greatest smile i ever saw it was just it was like the sun coming out from behind a cloud was somebody who had changed from this totally focused driven guy someone someone striking. and his voice would soften and he have a smile so he was 80 he was a volatile guy he was he was a genius he was a genius and he i don't think his contributions will ever be fully appreciated. the stars of the space race of course will be asked to see the american public to see floyd every detail of the amorous lifestyle. but the glare of the media spotlight often obscured the dangers of traveling into space and the crucial

partnership between the men who built the suits and the ones who wore them astronauts jim lovell better than anybody what it was like to trust the crew systems team with his lights while he shows me around next edition of artifacts from his 3 flights into space he tells me how he and his crew put his most famous mission apollo 13 back from the brink of disaster thanks in part is to the ingenuity of the nasa engineer is on the ground one of our big crisis was the fact that. there are 3 people had to live in the lunar module as the command module was dead the lunar module of mental system had only a couple canisters to remove the carbon dioxide because the lunar module was designed only to be powered up once where the lunar orbit and. it was designed to last only 2 days for only 2 people and of course were they supposed to occur there

was least a 4 day flight. ad there were 3 people and consequently the canisters to remove the carbon dioxide were becoming saturated. and therefore we had to go into the dead combat bottle and get the canisters of that environmental system to try to see if we could who we call jury rig. those canisters to work in the little logical system so unfortunately the canisters of the command module were square the ones that were used in the litter module were round and we did it with duct tape. piece of plastic . cardboard cover from a flight battle that whole sauce and that we got that thing into the environmental system all the little bottles so that it would remove the top of the outside which is a perfect example of the ingenuity of the of the people of crew systems this is 2 systems that that people working together to figure out how that had to be done.

there are only 8 human beings still naively except for so many so it's an incredible privilege to get to meet one of them charlie you know much a pilot took on a 16. he spent more than 20 hours on the lunar surface with his fellow astronauts john young. in your in your boots as it were when you're walking on the main can you feel crazy sample the texture of the surface but walking around can you feel any heat or do you really feel very isolated well once you got outside you couldn't feel this texture in fact you. don't even recall marry me sinking in but when you turned around you saw your footprint she left around our laning side. probably on each maybe 2 which is depression but with the moon in

a suit you could not feel the texture was not like walking on the beach barefoot is the worry in the spacesuit on the moon is heat stroke body heat and you have to eliminate that body heat through our liquid cooled garment that we had and that worked really good and so we had minimum cooling intermediate cooling and maximum cooling when you were riding in the rover the intermediate cooling was to calling it looks like freezing in this so you had to turn back to a minimum but when you got out you started working you had to go back to the. medium standing felt secure and never had a fair full silent except once when i fell over backwards. towards the end of our stay on the moon and we were excited we done a good job and accomplished everything except for one experiment and so john and i

were going to do the moon olympics in the broad jump in the house. so john said well we're running behind houston and we're going to we're going to do the moon olympics so he starts to buy. and so i start to bounce and then i gave a big job and when i did unfortunately i was straight. the center of gravity went backwards and i went and you can see real to be just going over like a spear skeery if i land the backpack breaks. done for i got to the t.v. camera was pointed right at me so they'd seen this stupid hide you know they were very upset by the way so that ended the moon olympics they said no more than get back in. and so john parked the rover i climbed in and that was the end of our. being one of the i think it's

a dozen people to ever have the chance to stand on. and look at the earth did that change your perspective of life on earth. where we stood on the moon the earth was directly overhead and my 1st thought. when we 1st got here was we're all the way from. there if you just sat there and it's you covered over with your hand in those views of earth hung up in the blackness of space with no borders no countries no continents and then you do have some time to reach for the . well the engine is designing the spacesuit maybe didn't realize was the also creation a cultural icon today the image of the apollo astronaut has become instantly recognizable the wild over like me also nasa consultant and space flight historian amy title wasn't even born yet during the apollo project but she's captured

a 21st century audience attention with a popular you tube videos that explore aspects of what she calls been to place so we're looking at today on space. was i want to get amy's take a while space is still such a big part of the public imagination and why the space suit is found everywhere from advertising to even out to drafts it will take your intervention of a new kind and more than a i did manage to do that you know. so i'm going to just carry one up and running basically here. in. the space program has had a massive impact on modern culture and it is exactly that sort of the prevalence of the image of the astronaut that you see everywhere affiliated with anything it's sort of become the one thing like everyone recognizes an astronaut in a big bulky space suit usually the apollo era white one and everyone recognizes

a rocket but somehow those 2 those 2 things and really mainly the suit because it's not human like we we see we can see ourselves in a suit right you can put you can put that on and you can see the b.b.'s here. but what i want to do now is get inside a real spacesuit and feel for myself what it's actually like. there's an independent company in new york called final frontier design it's run by american ted saw than and his russian colleague nick lime we've seen that creating a suit that shows some technology with the current russian suit the suckle suit which is use. by astronauts traveling to the international space station. canadian astronaut commander chris hadfield wore the so-called suit during his final shift into space where he became famous for his safety on board the international space station to slee. new saying he shows me around

a subtle suit like the one he flew in were i'm a bit nervous about being completely enclosed inside a pressure suit so i want to know from his perspective what a space suit is actually like to wear the russians suit is very very elegantly simple very purpose designed the suit that i wore on the shuttle much more robust because you have to actually be able to jump out and come down under a parachute in it so it has to be a little more rugged suit than than the than the russian suit but they both do their job well i wouldn't wear either of them recreationally there they're uncomfortable hot rubber. non compliant garments to wear so it's not too much difference say to putting on a big heavy wet suit and a scuba tank and a snorkel and fins and mask you know that's an ungainly thing to be wearing and you wouldn't want to be wearing it walking around right here but once you go into the water it feels different but natural and it allows you to spend an hour underwater

that otherwise would be completely denied to you so there's sort of that girding your lawyers feeling of putting all this stuff on so that then you can go do battle with something that otherwise would would to feature. at last the time has come to try out the final frontier seat. this is the one of the chemo you move in this journey for me into understanding what it feels like he's here to look at it i don't want it laid out in the table to say see you as a friend right then thompson until as many times as you like. but when you want to miss it you old. your body is covered one from head to toe. and there's a boys are in front of you i think that is. the space suit experience and the moment when you can understand what people like my grandfather were working towards creating. a circle of

a kid i'm like that just like chris hadfield's. the team put me through a series of physical challenges some of which i probably struggle with at the best of times i'm beginning to understand the engineering challenge involved in making a suit of fabric that enables a person to walk on the moon especially given the technology of the 1960 s. . looking back at everything that was required to make the suits nicholas to moshe was right when he said that grandpa was a ringmaster all the different engineering egos that poured themselves into that effort it takes a big personality to be able to thrive in that environment i think he sounds like

a bit of a mentalist sometimes and i like because it makes me feel a bit about you know that makes it a place to him realizing that actually he could be kind of paragraphs and that he was a bit weird sometimes and that he'd call people man of the night because he was really excited and wants to talk about right now and i love that because that's the sort of person i am a bit as well and that's the what makes me feel closer to him not realizing that i want someone to tell me that he was actually really irritating sometimes because i'm really irritating sometimes and that makes me feel closer to him. much right nazis daughter barbara still lives in houston texas. as part of the research for this film she's been looking through old paperwork and photographs from the time. grandpa died when he was 60 is old just 3 years after i was born in the u.k. . here he saw me twice and wanted to visit again but his health finally failed him i wish i could have interviewed him for this film. what you don't know is that.

your effort to do this your effort caroline to. find out about your grandfather. is exactly the way matt would act and would hope and dream that you would act because. we spoke a lot in the weeks before he died and he knew that he was not well and he was 68 and he felt his time was coming he really wanted a heart transplant but couldn't qualify and so he was planning. a trip with me to see you. when he died. and your actions in learning about him is just what he was that was his. that was his great love and you're the youngest and he really wanted you to know

about him he really wanted to visit you. ok so so. as i come close to the end of my journey of discovery about grandpa in the space suit of course a new understanding and respect the work of nasa and all those who played that part in for to man only. for me and my family we have one enduring personal legacy to remember grandpa by an icon of the 20th century this is the apollo suit this is pretty much the real deal i mean this is the real. dale this is walks my grandfather and his colleagues designed what aisle seat areas are made and what the crew all apollo want to walk on the moon in many ways this was grandpa's most famous legacy this was his triumph and

the man who wore this came back to us safely and that was because of nasa crew systems i'll see it over and. again it's good to have you back across southern australia and southeastern australia temperatures have been diving in the overnight hours and some locations have actually had for freezing temperatures anywhere between minus one to minus 4 across the region now on the way up in the afternoons not getting past really the

mid teens and many locations here so here on saturday adelaide at 13 melbourne at 12 and sydney only getting up to about 14 degrees there out towards the west though it is going to be stormy we do have a stunt that's coming in from the indian ocean and that is going to bring some winds and some probably thunderstorms as well to perth and that's going to possibly give some hail with some gusty winds so perth 18 degrees there even alice springs only getting to about 15 degrees as a sunday high well for the north and south island of new zealand a lot of mixed weather over the next few days rain is going to be the problem down here towards christchurch here on saturday to about 12 degrees by the time we get towards sunday it's going to come down to about 10 and the rain starts to make its way towards off at 14 degrees there and then very quickly up here towards japan we are going to see a mix of rain also temperatures though much warmer we're going to see tokyo at 25 degrees and a warm day for osaka with a temperature of 30. on

counting the cost 2018 was the deadliest year for the aviation industry in years we'll find out just what went wrong also italy considers a new domestic current so you could lead to its exit from the euro but should you be worried about a kids having too much screen time counting the cost on al-jazeera. cultura downs thrives here every day generations of tibetans continue to embrace and maintain their cultural heritage it's a reminder of who they are and whether. this is a suburb of the india capital new delhi tibet to be refugees here since 1964 buttons here have been defined as migrants are not refugees because india hasn't signed up to the 1951 un convention on refugees so tibetans here have been able to access the indian welfare system so they become self-sufficient setting up their

a businesses and looking for work independently but for some it's not enough. to sunday bombings reverberated around the world with religious and ethnic tension rising one a one investigates it is the new front line in sri lanka. 0. 0. hello i'm maryam namazie this is the news hour live from london coming up in the next 60 minutes president trump says he called off retaliate 3 strikes against iran with nimitz to spare to avoid iranian casualties attack iran shows off deborah

allegedly from the drone it shot down but says it chose not to target a manned u.s. spy plane nearby. as georgia's protest for a 2nd day over a russian politicians speech in parliament president putin temporarily bans flights to the country. and protesters surround hong kong's police headquarters and block major streets demanding the scrapping of an extradition bill . in sports trying to get the cricket world cup campaign back on track they've beaten hosting them by 20 runs through of all of their hopes of reaching the 7th. book into the program our top story u.s. president donald trump says he called offer a tally of 3 strikes on iran just 10 minutes before they would you to go ahead attacks were ordered against 3 iranian targets after an american surveillance drone

was shot down over the strait of hormuz on thursday but trump says he changed his mind in order to avoid mass casualties meanwhile iran says it chose not to target a manned u.s. spy plane which was traveling close behind the drone in iranian airspace several international airlines have now rerouted their flight paths in the gulf after the u.s. federal aviation administration ordered all u.s. operators to avoid iranian airspace from washington alan fischer has our report. this was the reason the u.s. was prepared to launch an attack the doning of an unmanned military drawn by iran. these pictures are said to be the missile launch which are really in television says was filmed by the islamic republic's revolutionary guards the us said the drone was over international waters a claim disputed by to iran donald trump says while 3 sites had been identified for strikes he cancelled the operation they came in they censor were ready to go we'd

like a decision i said i want to know something before you go how many people will be killed. in this case or a means i said how many people are going to be killed. sir i'd like to get back to you on that great people these generals they said came back said sure approximately 150 and i thought about it for a 2nd i said you know what they shut down and on and. drone plane whatever you want to call it and here we are sitting with $150.00 dead people and that would have taken place probably within a half an hour after i said go ahead and i didn't like it i didn't think it was i didn't think it was proportionate in terror and the revolutionary guard put on a display of what it said was wreckage from the u.s. drone recovered in a really intended trick the head of its space division claims a manned u.s. spy plane near detroit was not targeted that i want. at the same moment when the

aircraft was being tracked another spy aircraft called p. 8 was flying close to this drone that aircraft is man and has around 35 crew members where we could have targeted that plane it was our right to do so and yes it was american but we didn't do it we hit the unmanned aircraft. well secretary of state my point is heading to the region to talk to allies saudi arabia and the united arab emirates the u.s. special representative in iran has been brian who promised the u.s. would continue to exert maximum economic and diplomatic pressure on iran our diplomacy does not give iran the right to respond with military force in iran needs to meet diplomacy with diplomacy and not military force iran's foreign ministry responded saying it needs diplomacy with diplomacy respect with respect and war with zealous defense the rise in tension in the region has led

a number of international airlines to cancel or divert flights away from the area america's federal aviation administration says in a statement because of heightened military activity it is banning all u.s. carriers from operating in the gulf region a situation it says it's keeping under review alan fischer al-jazeera washington let's get more now from john hendren also in washington and john any further information on whether or not the u.s. might still proceed with some sort of response to the drone sure thing. well mary i'm the president has said he's in no hurry find those planes there are reports that he initially put those planes on standby for 24 hours that time has passed so for now we appear to be out of the dangerous stage but it's really unclear if there were any other provocative action exactly what would happen

but by any account the u.s. was very close to actually striking the president says initially there was a they were within 10 minutes then he said they were within 30 minutes and it's not clear why he had to ask for potential casualties having covered the pentagon for several years and having spoken to a general this afternoon i can tell you that any contingency plan would have included the number of potential casualties he may have been looking for more granularity there or possibly he just didn't recall seeing the numbers but whatever whatever the issue is they're normally he would have had those casualty numbers at hand as you mentioned there were 3 sites picked out they would have known what was around those sites but that would have of course led to retaliation on the iranian side particularly if they had struck that other plane that which they say was a p.

3 spy plane with $35.00 people on board had that happen the pressure on president trump to retaliate would have been overwhelming and the support from the american people probably would have been there had a u.s. plane been struck so by any account that was a very close call. it was a very close call and. explanation of wanting to avoid mass casualties perhaps doesn't hold water from what we know about the conversations that go on so then what is the what they're about hesitation why the hesitation. well it's unclear with donald trump one never really knows whether the story we're hearing publicly is actually what happened behind the scenes but trump has always been an interventional as when he ran for election he ran on on a platform saying he was going to get the us out of iraq and afghanistan this would

definitely split his base and it would be potentially a 3rd unpopular war as he's gearing up for an election and we know how his politics really jibe with his election plans and splitting his base is not something he can afford his support is so narrow between 37 and 45 percent in most polls that if he were to split that he definitely would not be able to win reelection and that is likely a calculation for him but what he does really depends on whom he is listening to if you listens to the national security adviser john bolton he's been a long time iraq war hawk mike pompei of the secretary of state also has been very strong on that and trump has been getting criticism from people like lynne cheney a congresswoman and daughter of the former vice president who says that weakness is provocative trump has a history of responding when that sort of thing happens if he feels that he is being perceived as weak that might have an influence as well so be he nevertheless

he's got to consider that iran has proxy militias that could cause trouble for the united states in syria and in iraq in lebanon those are all things that president trump does not want to be embroiled in and that may have to do with that hesitation you were asking about marian thank you very much with all the night's us from washington john hendren thank you john well iranians in the capital tehran say that they are hopeful conflict can be avoided in the situation with the u.s. will deescalate about. one on may the situation is already worrying because. the economic state of the country's bad i don't think the americans are very ready for a war because we live in a strategic region turned off a lot of the time they got out into a war is very worrying and stressful for us it will be an experience we have already lived we are obliged to show our resistance and perseverance but i hope for doesn't happen i have a gun. every country around the world experiencing war is faced with many

disturbing consequences as in syria or iraq they have suffered considerable losses it's scary to clear it every 1st has to defend their homeland it's a juicy i myself will go to the front but you never know if i will come back tensions between the u.s. and iran have pushed oil prices up to a new 3 week high noon while analysts say price rises have been driven by fears of a u.s. military attack on iran which would disrupt flows from the middle east the region provides more than a 5th of the world's oil output and more than a 3rd of the world's oil exports passed through the strait of hormuz. do you think that if we saw a military engagement between the u.s. and iran that well prices would spike not only because that irina is now the source of a lot of barrels of oil but it's also a very important transit way and with military action that could cause a halt to shipping in the region we're already seeing an impact on air travel in

that area where on the f.a.a. has issued warnings to u.s. carriers not to fly airplanes over that area and if we did see a military of military activity it would impact shipping which would impact the flow of oil now immediately the areas that would be most impacted by this would be asia because asia is getting is where most of this oil is actually going. and at the standoff between washington and tehran the acting u.s. defense secretary patrick shanahan has left the pentagon for the last time shanahan stepped down earlier in the week following reports of domestic violence in his family his departure plunges the leadership of the u.s. military into new on certainty just as tensions with iran of rising janet shanahan's replacement mark esper is due to travel to brussels next week for a meeting of nato defense ministers. right well we can now speak to former u.s. assistant secretary of state p.j. crowley who's the many is in the u.s.

air force he joins us live now from washington 1st of all how do you explain president trump's decision to order a strike and then to pull back i see it as a process failure we know within the interagency process i think the president is perfectly it's all perfectly legitimate for him to make sure that the response to the shooting down of the drone is proportional but that but that that calculation about about casualties was something that he needed to make before making his decision not after making his decision but what does that reveal then about internal deliberations that might have taken place i mean from your experience what is your sense about this.