clashes between police and protesters place a flood several rounds of t.v.'s and rubber bullets on the demonstrators but the logic does demonstrate is refusing to let. the tense standoff went on for several hours but after midnight protesters were eventually face to retreat this rally began with tens of thousands marching in opposition to a proposed extradition bill that's now been shelves after months of rallies it's become a broader movement calling for greater democracy in hong kong some fear the situation will only escalate we won't give up until the last war we won't get out until the child. trying to attack us it is a massive just in time it is a massive argument as a result of poor government i don't think it's going to happen unfortunately is heading towards. escalation of violence and looking at possible

tasso to use or even fatalities. on monday china's top policy advisor is expected to respond to the political crisis that's gripped the feel of a british territory for months the hong kong government and protest is refusing to budge this rally is unlikely to be the last sarah clock al-jazeera hong kong. well the hong kong government has accused some of the protestors of violence arson and putting the public safety at risk and a statement it said we strongly condemn the radical protestors who disregard the law and order and violently breach the public peace we will continue to give full support to the police and strictly enforce the law to stop all violent behaviors with a view to resuming public order as soon as possible. and still ahead on our do there an opposition leader jailed for calling protests in moscow is rushed to hospital we'll have the details. possible tell you how livestock farming is contributing to

what environmentalists are calling the climate emergency. however you may wonder where the seasonal rains the plum rains have gone in china they disappeared the last few days and there's not much evidence of them here other claim the cloud is building and in for john growing darker but actually i think it's this line of here that stretches of the sichuan to the will be on the top of your screen which is the active frontal system has been somewhat dispersed and circulation developing in the south china sea just the west of luzon is going to further complicate things heavy rain seems like them for the northern philippines and stronger showers into hong kong but not much in southern charm exception and

back towards the hard ground you know and across to north eastern india and the western side of me and looked particularly wet the moment south of all the action well you know it's having the philippines but then the precious few showers beyond that mostly indonesia's in the dry season no surprise there although many showers and those that do appear can be quite big and again singapore in k.l. could well see want to they're not particularly heavy usually wanted a media light one monsoon rains but a bit disappointing up to this point but a lot of rain in maharashtra particularly in mumbai and i think in the next day or so we'll see quite a large area start to turn properly wet in india. sponsored . al-jazeera exposes controversial allegations about the bahraini government. by then they told me you're a member of al qaeda you can stop the clones of the shia. and it's illusion with al

qaida to conspire against incessant. opposition to 20. playing with fire on al jazeera. hello again you're watching our desire and here's reminder from main stories this hour as many as 65 people have been killed in suspected boko haram attacks in northeastern nigeria the raid happened during a funeral in borno state. president is once again being accused of racism following his online attack against

a prominent african-american politician and the district he represents trump unleashed a twitter tirade after baltimore congressman elijah cummings criticized his mexican border policies. and protests in hong kong have ended bollywood tear gas fired at demonstrators for a 2nd day tens of thousands protested perceived police and mob violence as well as interference from beijing. brinker refugees are refusing to return to me and mar despite 2 days of talks with diplomats from 6 southeast asian nation countries hundreds of thousands of remain in camps in bangladesh after fleeing violence from ian mars military 2 years ago they want citizenship and guarantees of safety from a child there he has this report from the refugee camps in cox's bazar in bangladesh. they came to the camps in bangladesh to convince the hundreds of thousands of rohingya to return to me and mark that country's government sent a 14 member high level delegation for the job but many refugees here say they're

not willing to go back without full citizenship and security guarantees definitely will not be considered. issue for us because we'll be granting them as an nationality of myanmar and then eventually we will be providing them with the id cards where there will no longer be the issue of race or the issue of the their citizenship but for the few him the refugees there seems to be a window of hope. we're very grateful to the bangladesh government if the letter was we'd like to return to the delegates told us they'll give us back our land and property however the vest majority of their own don't seems to know what was discussed in the meeting they came here looking for safety after me and mars army launched a crackdown that the u.n. has called an ethnic cleansing from which you know i understand that

a delegation is headed to solve the crisis and i feel good about it but i don't really know what they will say and discuss though. several community leaders say on mars delegation was unwilling to give citizenship to their anger even at the meeting me and my us government has never recognised the rowing as a community often treating them as immigrants from bangladesh in response to a question asked by al-jazeera in regard to the citizenship issue this is what the representative maurice ministry of foreign affairs have to say of course according to the law it may not be and title for the full fledged citizenship but they are entitled to naturalized citizenship and eventually their sons and daughters and grandsons and daughters will be entitled citizenship full. citizenship nearly 2 years into the crisis there has not yet been any remarkable progress regarding the repatriation of nearly a 1000000 refugees living in what is now the world's largest refugee camp the

latest talk between a me on my delegation and community leaders for running a refugee is here in cox's bazar have ended without any major breakthrough both friday grid the dialogue should continue in an attempt to resolve critical issues still causing concern thunder childfree al-jazeera could apollo cox's bizarre britain has sent a 2nd warship to the gulf to protect u.k. flag vessels crossing the street to farmers as duncan has joined a british frigate already stationed there the warships will be escorting vessel sailing through the strait the deployment follows iran's seizure of the u.k. flag the oil tanker more than a week ago well iran's nuclear negotiator says an emergency meeting in vienna over the fate of the on nuclear deal has been constructive but that actually says tehran will continue to reduce its nuclear commitments if europe fails to salvage the pact

the vienna meeting between the remaining signatories of the deal was called those tensions soar between iran and the west european parties have been trying to keep the deal alive after the u.s. withdrawal from withdrew from it last year in the past. several developments. regarding the implementation of. some of that was regarding. the doctrine of. commitment. by the. i.a.e.a. and also we have some complaints about. you know proper implementation of the other side i mean the europeans in particular. now after the meeting iran accused britain of breaching the nuclear deal by seizing one of its oil tankers of gibraltar earlier this month so iran says under the agreement it is entitled to export oil without any impediment but britain says the iranian tanker was in breach of easy to sanctions against syria a british flag tanker was impounded by iran in the strait of hormuz more than

a week ago in an apparent retaliatory move. airstrikes are intensifying in syria sadly problems despite u.n. warnings that war crimes are being committed on saturday at least 13 civilians including several children were killed in the raids the syrian government has been on a 3 month offensive to capture the last major rebel stronghold so now there has this report. another lifeless body pulled from the rubble another syrian child a victim of the airstrikes by russian and syrian warplanes the town of a rehab has been repeatedly hit in recent days and yet again residential buildings have been targeted you don't really know what the no rebel place is all fighters here this is a residential neighborhood look children live here what is there crime the syrian people are being bombed by planes and the u.n. remained silent. opposition controlled towns across the southern countryside of

it live and northern hama are under fire people there say they are being bombed into submission but that surrendering is not an option since they have nowhere else to go this is the last rebel held territory in syria people going to. do all this year of people need to die so that she can stay in power is everyone a terrorist except we moved closer to the border with turkey but how do we know the players want to hit us here. the recent escalation in violence is worsening the displacement crisis according to the united nations many people are living in the open air because there is overcrowding in camps and reception centers more than 440000 syrians have been made homeless in the last 3 months how long the. building was bombed in all our belongings are under the rubble we came out and didn't know where to go we have nothing there's no water no bathrooms no tents for the children there under the sun. many people have been displaced more than once

and many towns. and villages are now empty. our hosts income for zito was hit so we left a hoss and again we were targeted we survived but our neighbor was killed it was too dangerous to stay so we came here we hope this place will be safe that will depend on russia and turkey russia which backs the syrian government and turkey which supports the opposition co-sponsored a cease fire and last year the deal collapsed when russia supported a syrian government offensive in april blaming turkey for not fulfilling its commitments to an agreed demilitarized zone around the province turkey repeatedly said it needed more time because forcing somewhere little groups from the zone would have put civilian lives at risk there is nothing that indicates the ceasefire will be revived soon. i just want to be able to play i just want to go home i just

want to go to school that is no longer an option for many children 7 year old son has become another statistic in the escalating violence and despite criticism by the un over the international indifference nothing has been done to stop the bombing campaign. istanbul. crowds in bahrain have taken to the streets once again to protest the execution of 2 men they were killed by firing squad on saturday after being convicted on terrorism charges in the funeral has been held for she activists. there's been widespread international condemnation following the executions rights group amnesty international says the men were beaten and tortured in custody to in confessions and protesters in sudan's capital have returned to the streets to voice their anger over the investigation into last month's brutal crackdown on a sit in demonstration so the military council is blaming

a few rogue officers for the violence which the opposition says killed at least $100.00 people. jailed russian opposition leader alex you know vali has been taken to hospital with severe facial swelling and rashes after suffering what's believed to be an acute allergic reaction the father was arrested on wednesday after calling for an authorised anti-government demonstrations he was sentenced to 30 days in prison it's spokeswoman says he's in a stable condition and mankind has more details from moscow never only his lawyer was given access to her client but only after an argument ensued with the hospital and then they weren't allowed to meet in private this all comes as he was taken to hospital with an allergic face reaction around 9 30 am his condition is said to be stable but anything that happens this man really concerns the opposition activists who view this man through a different prism perhaps a lot of people internationally do he is seen as

a very key figure within the opposition movement but there are some discrepancies over the amount of people protesting out on the streets in moscow the police say there are about $3500.00 people protesting and on the streets the opposition activists say it's much closer to $10000.00 we don't know what the exact figures are also the figures for the arrests have been disputed as well they say about 1000 police say about a 1000 people were arrested the process is much closer more closer to 1400 people being arrested now many of those according to the police have been released they were detained not arrested so they've been through the administrative process processing but why are they protesting what they're protesting because they're very worried about upcoming moscow city council elections and they're very worried that some opposition leaders may not be able to get on the ballot and the kremlin will try and stuff these elections full of people loyal to them. having

polluting industries are given much of the blame for climate change but scientists say livestock and that meat and emissions are another huge factor so we searchers in the u.k. are trying to find greener ways to feed the planet jessica baldwin has this report from devon and western england despite their cheerful disposition and inquisitive nature these animals get a lot of bad press that's because they release huge amounts of me thing gas it's a greenhouse gas that damages the environment cows and sheep are responsible for 14 percent of global greenhouse gases that's the same as all the cars trucks and planes in the world also some of the land they graze could be used to grow cereals and grains for human consumption. scientists at this research institute in western england are looking for ways to reduce the animal's carbon footprint they vary the

animal's diet trying different grasses or even see wheat they selectively breed choosing the ones that emit less gas into the air the air is continually monitored to see what works and what doesn't. the high tech farm includes a brand new shed 1st specific experiments to carefully measure employed and output all designed to see of cows and sheep can exist in an environment at risk grasslands can incorporate clovers and the games that concoction not to animals naturally would serve and when yours to fertilize those plants so just to say because i'm the most produce meat is a not sustainable it's too simplistic the institute amasses $9000000.00 datapoints every year it's a unique facility that attracts researchers from around the world even if researchers are able to find the most efficient way of raising livestock with a growing world population some scientists believe the only solution is to greatly

reduce the amount of me we eat we have a very serious climate imagine say on our hands while production side measures will play a part actually we need to address what it is that drives our production and that is our consumption patterns livestock farming that doesn't harm the environment can't exist with a daily diet of steaks and how booker's a healthy planet may mean a return to traditional farms hills and bogs that can't grow cereals are ideal for cows and sheep jessica baldwin al-jazeera devon england. you're watching out is there and these are top stories as many as 65 people have been killed in suspected boko haram attacks in northeast nigeria the raids happened during a funeral in borno state ahmed idris has more details from kudu and in nigeria.

over the last few months especially the last 3 or 4 months we've seeing the speech of the rising cases of attacks by boko haram on. positions as well as isolated villages and the miller crizal good region gerry and measure campbell in charge of conducting joint operations center some extent they want people to guesstimate the population order that the numbers of book or outsiders on both the lecture side and on the some before printing stop some of the supporters in the lobby saw the country's president on trump as once again being accused of racism following his online attack against a prominent african-american politician and the district he represents trump unleased the twitter tirade after baltimore congressman elijah cummings criticized his mexican border policy protests in hong kong have ended violently with tear gas

fired demonstrators for a 2nd day tens of thousands protested perceived police and mob violence as well this is apparent from beijing hong kong's government has condemned the protesters and defended police it was nato goes hater says an amazin emergency meeting in vienna over the fate of the iran nuclear deal has been constructive but others are actually says tehran will continue to reduce its nuclear commitments if you're fails to salvage the pact and britain has sent a 2nd warships the gulf to protect u.k. flag vessels crossing the strait of hormuz they jam as duncan has joined a british frigate already stationed there the deployment follows iran seizure of the u.k. flag to all tanker more than a week ago and jailed russian opposition leader alexina of allah is in a stable condition after being rushed to hospital with what's believed to be a severe allergic reaction he was arrested on wednesday and sentenced to 30 days in

prison after calling for unauthorized anti-government demonstrations. well those are the headlines a lot more news but up next the inside story stay with us. a record number of children dying in war and conflict the u.n. names and chains those responsible in places like yemen and the palestinian territories the do the powers behind the bombs and the bullets actually care what needs to be done to protect the lives of children this is inside story.

hello and welcome to the program i'm dennis them all kids are dying in wars and conflicts than ever before that's according to the united nations which is about to release its annual report on children and armed conflict out 0 has seen an advance copy a special u.n. representative found more than $24000.00 cases of children being killed maimed or forced to become child soldiers last year the report highlights rising casualties in war zones such as yemen where the saudi u.a.e. coalition is fighting huth the rebels and despite condemning israel for the deaths of palestinian children israel is not on the report's black list of offenders right let's have a look at some of those figures now the report says the saudi u.s. coalition in yemen is responsible for almost half of all child casualties in the

country last year 729 killed or injured out of a total of almost 700 the who the rebels were blamed for. $398.00 casualties and the yemeni government forces were blamed for $58.00 the un says israeli forces caused the deaths of $56.00 palestinian children and the wounding of almost $2700.00 now that's the highest number in 4 years and there syria airstrikes barrel bombs and cluster munitions killed or injured more than 1800 children and afghanistan tops the list for another year with more than 3000 child casualties. are either introduce our panel now in toronto by scott we have know her eldar hobb who

is a fellow at the brookings doha center specializing in conflict and transitional justice in beirut we have rami curie senior fellow at the is on fire is institute for public policy at the american university of beirut in lancaster in the u.k. also on skype simon mabel and senior lecturer in international studies at lancaster university while come to you all know her i've just i've just read out a litany of bad news affecting children around the world particularly in conflict areas why do you think we're seeing a larger number than ever before of children being killed or maimed in conflicts. well the short answer really is that there's a there's a lack of accountability for these for these violations and actually the bad news that you just mentioned is in reality much much worse than what is captured in such u.n. reports i mean with regards to yemen for example the the the number of child casualties

mentioned in these reports is only really a glimpse into the extent of the atrocities the children suffer these casualties have to do with armed conflict in a very sort of narrow sense in the sense of ground fighting airstrikes unexploded ordinances and so on but really there are tens of thousands of children who are dying of starvation and of disease as a direct result of the armed conflict and so unfortunately these reports only really capture a very small part of what is actually going on here that's even more gloomy zlitan rami do you agree with no hard and that it is really as a consequence of of a failure of an international system of accountability. yes i agree fully with her and i would even go further because you have situations like in palestine and israel for instance where the conflict creates damage to schools children become displaced jobs are lost because of the siege on gaza normal economic activity can't

go on so the entire economic foundation of a society the palestinian society starts to crumble and families don't have an afford malnutrition increases stunting increases so there's a whole ripple effect of damage that's done to the physical and mental wellbeing of entire families not just the children and these these reports really capture just the surface manifestation of the worst battle casualties but the the depth of destruction is much worse and parallel to that is what you said at the beginning that there's no accountability the whole process of international law has collapsed in virtually most of the middle east because even have you know respectable governments like some like the u.a.e. in the saudis on the back of any isn't the egyptians and others who are doing terrible things to their people in jails to killing people after kangaroo trials you have countries like iraq and syria and parts of lebanon and other places where

terrible things are happening to people and there's just no real international accountability whatsoever because the all out warfare that has spread across the region essentially since the syrian war started 8 years ago has really and go for many many parts of the area and therefore law really finds no place trying to rear its head right in some in coming to you i'm also looking at figures of this coming from as save the children report from earlier this year which says that 5 times more children than kumba tents are actually killed in comfort i mean is the nature of conflict the way was being forced is it changing and is that perhaps responsible for the increasing number of of children getting caught up. you know i think that's probably one of the reasons we know the conflict is getting more complex we know that battle battlegrounds are changing

a traditionally they would be separate from urban areas and in recent years that securely post $911.00 in the middle east we've seen that they've become really really embedded within than areas so as conflict increases as conflict becomes more and more intractable it's going to have more and more of an impact on the lives of people living within those cities so i don't think it's particularly surprising that the conflict has become more complex it's become more embedded structurally within the political fabric of of a state and as a consequence it's having an absolutely devastating effect on the people that are most vulnerable living within those particular areas children the elderly the infirm people who are unable to flee these conflict zones and i think think what rami is just articulated about them and whole time mentions are incredibly important this rip this report this is hugely devastating in terms of the death and the casualties of children but there is of course

a much deeper mental die mention in terms of the amount of trauma that children have gone through the p.t.s.d. that they will experience through through living in that order to years through a conflict so which will have an absolutely devastating impact on their lives right on the lights of those around them and so very very grim today but also incredibly grim for the future it would have been no how coming back to you. when we're talking about the changing nature of conflict we are not necessarily talking about state to state how we went from talking about non-state actors and battling each of the civil war was localized into national intra national comfort and is this perhaps a contributing factor to the to this terrible scenario that when. looking at today and that is not just of children but civilians being killed and injured increasing

the. yes i mean absolutely the the the the expanding sort of nature of non-state actors and their role in an armed conflict certainly complicates and worsens. the the the crimes committed in these conflicts but it also complicates this issue of holding non-state actors accountable and i should add that there's another very sort of important missing part of of these reports when you when you look at them you know you'll see countries such as sudan and you know the democratic republic of congo yemen syria etc listed and the parties to those conflict named and shamed for for their role in the armed conflicts but the big missing part here is the role of western powers in particular whether it's the u.s. or the u.k. and their complicity and their support it's really in in the perpetration of these

crimes and since we're on the subject of non-state actors there's also this issue of course of these multinational corporations and their role in and their complicity in these crimes and so this is another sort of achilles' heel of these reports is that they don't really capture the the role of the stars and how powerful would it be if the u.k. and the u.s. and other such powers were named and shamed for their role and per in perpetrating these atrocities whether it's in syria area men or other well there are efforts to do that and there are efforts in the u.k. against the british government and indeed against in congress against the u.s. government ramey coming to you. i'm just wondering no how much of the concept of naming and shaming how how how. shane and would a country be like for instance the saudi coalition in yemen which is named in this

report to be released by the un next week and how shamed would that coalition be to be on that to be publicly identified as being responsible for so much horror i mean do you think it really matters to them. and well recent years suggests that it doesn't matter at all because what they would do is they would go to the white house announce a big new arms deal with the united states go to london announce a big new p.r. campaign with big pictures on buses maybe go buy a football team in paris and then they would be the best friends of the 2 major western powers and nothing else really matters to them this is one of the problems and heard them mention this the presence of the international players is really the terrible thing that's happened and this comes right out of the syrian war the syrian war was which is still going on it was really has been really a terrible historical turning point because what's happened in the last 8 years in

syria is we've ended up with coalitions of a major international power a local government or 2 and non-state actors all working together in a fighting force on the ground so in russia you had russia the syrian government has bought and various groups on the ground facing rebel groups the united states gulf supporters and sometimes turkey so these coalitions on both sides fighting each other you have the same thing in yemen. and you have this now happening in every in libya you're starting to see it and there's direct not only direct involvement in western and russian and turkish and other of iranian other foreign governments not just supplying arms and but they're actively fighting on the ground with their troops with their artillery units with their special forces and with their air forces it's quite an extraordinary situation of all out warfare all combining states non-state actors and foreign powers and there's nobody who can

do anything about this so the that's the long answer to your question which is that governments are not particularly shamed by being named the only thing that really matters to them as if there's some serious legal action that's taken to actually do . turned them on there's no sign of that unfortunate right simon it's often said isn't it that the world is pretty much dictated by interests how much political pressure would you say is is brought to bear upon the un itself for instance i mean this particular section of the un is the children and armed conflict section of the the un they report to the secretary general but the report is criticised insofar as it doesn't name and shame sufficiently it doesn't attribute blame as harshly or as clearly as it might in particular i'm thinking of the israeli defense forces

they highlighted having been responsible for a larger number of palestinian child deaths last year than have been in the last 4 years and yet they don't appear in the n x yeah the list of bad is they don't appear there at 0 so how much pressure is the un under when it's compiling a report like this to to actually keep a certain balance if you like in terms of other political interests i think that's a really important point and it really gets to the fundamental problem with all the un bodies all un agencies that they have to balance the sort of the impartiality and and the interests of the particular body with broader chip political interests and so here you have a report that is trying to really get to the bottom of what's happening on the ground but it feels feels compelled to sort of cold but for fully naming and shaming the israeli defense forces the united states the united kingdom for their

complicity in events and i think that gets to this this fundamental power of violence and the structural organization of the united nations which means that the states wield a great deal of disproportional influence across the united nations particularly in the security council and we see this of. in the human rights council as well where there are particular human rights agendas that are suppressed by members of the count's who are sitting on this council and don't want these to be articulated so it is power the troyan. normative concerns such as human rights such as children's interests right ok all right so simon raises an important point i think know her and empower in terms of the security council i suppose resides with the permanent 5 and there is pretty much paralysis isn't there in the security council but i mean the saudis again i mean they are allegedly responsible for dangling substantial amounts of money before the very eyes of the secretary general of the un in order

to ease their way if you like through some potentially uncomfortable moments both on the un human rights council and also within the u.n. security council deliberations particularly on the war in yemen so money matters here of course unfortunately money does matter and it's not just saudi arabia that has that has put the secretary general under under pressure it's you know several other countries including the u.k. especially in the in the human rights council and so you know it's it's unfortunate that it seems over the last couple of years in particular that the secretary general is kind of caving into this pressure a little bit you see it in the language it's not it's not as strong as it should be in these reports and again we've we've spoken already about the lack of accountability the lack of enforcement any kind of enforcement measures following these reports but of course i mean in theory the u.n.

should not be caving into this pressure and should stand firm right and romney said all we say we saying that this the suprema see if these interests if you like of the various powerful players internationally are collectively undermining what is also what is supposed to be a rules based international system there are laws that are supposed to protect children and civilians particularly in war but they seem to be ignored at the moment. yes that's true and i've been interacting a lot with the various u.n. agencies on international. n.g.o.s working all over the middle east in the last year or 2 dealing with women and children and marginalized people and they're just scrambling around trying to figure out how do they minimize the death sophie young people rather than what they were doing 510 and 20 years ago which is to expand the wellbeing of young people and the survival rate and the health and the immunization

rate and all that and there's just such an overwhelming need for services to deal with the simply keeping people alive especially 60000000 people 60 is 60000000 people in the arab world who need humanitarian aid simply to stay alive and and in decent shape biologically and this figure is going to is going to keep increasing so the situation really is one in which there is no sign of any action that is going to change the situation what we really need though and this is where there is still an opening and people do try it we've seen it in yemen we've seen it in other places you need vigorous political initiatives to try to end the conflicts if you end the war you end all of this suffering many of the parties who are fighting each other many of them have legitimate grievances not all of them but many of them do and if you address those legitimate grievances 0 in on the people

on the ground get the foreign fighters and criminals and donors out and 0 in on the conflict on the ground and find a resolution that satisfies everybody you can end some of these conflicts and therefore you and this cycle of increasing suffering and vulnerability the problem with some of the situations like the arab israeli conflict is this is been going on for for 100 years we've had 200 years of israeli colonize ation of arab land and it's still going on and there seems to be no. money in the world who is willing or able to do anything about this and some of these conflicts need much more effort than purely localized on the right side and which brings us a space to history and tradition and that is leadership has traditionally been provided by the united states has net since in the post-war 2nd mode war era that seems to be. lacking should we say and i'm do you think that it passes too

simplistic to link the current situation we're in now would be seen to be gang backlit in terms of moral principles and rule of law can we link the 2 to to the fact that america has turned in let's push ups but i think there's probably more to it the maps and if we look at the conflicts and the impacts of conflicts on children and and marginalized people across across the past few decades we'll see that that this has been continuing this is this is even increased whilst america has been more involved in the global stage in it and in actually articulating more liberal projects and the likes of bill clinton and barack obama this had a massive there was a massive increase in the number of people affected by by conflict and i think that obviously on the trumpet's had a marked impact on on america's role in the world busy and it's sort of step but most leadership position but it's not just about there's

a complexity of conflicts that have bowled over the past few decades and the report talks about building sustainable peace but as rami suggesting that it's difficult to build that sustainable peace when there is conflict going on but the sustainable peace is essential to actually preventing future conflict and in future generations addressing longstanding grievances is addressing longstanding needs for the food for shelter for water for basic human needs. so it's not just about addressing the conflict and making people safe from war but we have to do more the u.n. has to do more in order to actually build this sustainable peace and it will require leadership from a range of different groups not just the united states team lead flow into the space of these norms it will require strong leadership frame from a range of different sectors that will hold each other to account but of course

this is incredibly idealistic and i don't that we'll see it any time soon i think and so no hurry it seems very much as though already back to the u.n. we look to the u.n. to do so much particularly in a in a world that's devoid of of obvious national leadership the u.n. have started a process haven't they need yemen obviously this is described as perhaps the west humanitarian crisis in the world at the moment what do you think of the stockholm agreement as a beginning as a start to perhaps stopping that dreadful war in yemen i mean any sort of any agreement that's geared towards stopping the lifting up blockade or stopping the fighting has of course very welcome i think there's been a lot of issues with with the stockholm agreement. you know one of them being but it's very very much focused on how data and has led to sort of this dismissal really of a focus on the rest of the country which is just as

a port and but i think just to follow on the discussion earlier. another sort of factor that is really important and an opening as rami called it is the role of civil society in these countries right the solution doesn't begin and end with the united nations the role of civil society if you look at the role of civil society in syria for example birth course and all of these conflicts countries is absolutely crucial in but unfortunately it seems that more often than not. international organizations or international policymakers. don't have this as meaningful an engagement with the civil society accessors as they should and so the result is that there's sort of a delayed resolution to these conflicts working with these focal actors is is absolutely crucial to try and and bring and bring an end to these armed conflicts right rami give the last word to you and if you can make it brief please so know

how offices a glimmer of hope and i'd like to end on that if possible she sees that there is potential perhaps in stimulating the civil societies role and participation in these processes and that could could help assassin a lot of seize absolutely right and it's not just civil society as such it's just all local people working together and their normal day to day life one of the things that i've been amazed that. and not so surprising in my 50 years of covering the middle east as a as a journalist has been that in all of these conflict situations when you see local communities arabs and israelis arabs and turks iranians and saudis some news and she are as christians and muslims whoever it may be any 2 people who seem to be having a fight when you go to the local level they're living together they're going to school they're playing football they're creating businesses they know how to co-exist peacefully and this is really the one of the great unexplored areas of

peacemaking stability and national development that has to be looked at through civil society through political mediation and through other forms we know how to live peacefully and co-exist in this region if the big powers and some of the external actors and local criminal leaderships and the various countries stay out of this process and so this is really an area that we have to explore much more carefully and it does actually even in syria during the war you had local communities that made cease fires and got along really. well you know that's definitely an area for a lot of work thank you very much indeed a note of relative to ms and thank you all very much indeed rami khouri in beirut simon mabon in lancaster and the. intermountain thank you all very much indeed and thank you for watching the program you can see it again any time you like but again to the website al-jazeera dot com should you want more discussion in go to our facebook page facebook dot com for slash a.j. inside story and you can join the conversation on twitter at a.j.

inside story i'm at dennis for me and the whole team here in doha. term begins with but it does not in there no terrorist state poses a greater or more immediate threat than the regime of saddam hussein this is a regime that has something to howard they have here a significant problem. and guess what not one w m d shite was found in iraq since the 1991 iraq

a deadly deception on al-jazeera. every week. as we turn the camera. on. these are main stories and. as many as 65 people have been killed in nigeria in a suspected boko haram attack on a funeral it happened near the northeastern city of wide and borno state president

mohammed has condemned the attack and ordered a military operation to hunt down those responsible. thousands of displaced millions in the region over the past 10 years at address has more details from kaduna state over the last few months specially the last 3 or 4 months we've seen a speech of a terrorizing cases of attacks by boko haram on army positions as well as isolated villages and the militaries of the region jiri unleash chemical and charred have conducted georgia operations and to some extent they have they were able to dissuade the population or rather the numbers of poke around fighters on both the lecture side and around the sun before christmas of some before us in the lobby support concrete so the new directive by the president will probably mean that the military in no 3 star general will step up their operations against these fighters

eventually we will hear of. moderates complain i'll go quite i'm quite sure but this is the rainy season by the way and it's difficult to conduct military operations in some of these areas because they're waterlogged and every military vehicles can hardly print it creates some of these areas so the question is how much firepower can the government commit through aerial surveillance through aerial bombardment of these places and that's labs one of the best options before the militaries in the region now to tackle boko haram president all trumpets once again being accused of racism following his online attack against a prominent african-american politician and the district he represents companies the twitter tirade after baltimore congressman elijah cummings criticizes mexican border policy the comments have sparked widespread outrage especially from residents of baltimore. meanwhile trump says his top spy chief will step down next

month the resignation of dan coats as a director of national intelligence follows weeks of speculation of a public disagreement with the president on foreign policy particle has more from washington d.c. . now that the president is taking to twitter to announce that his current director of national intelligence is stepping down he's also taking to twitter to name his replacement representative john ratcliffe now all the focus will be on him his record his history we know he's been in congress for a few years but he doesn't really have a huge intelligence background if any he was a u.s. attorney he was a mayor of a very small town in texas and the question is going to be as he faces confirmation is he going to be willing to stand up as coat off or did the president even publicly say the president is wrong the president made it clear when it comes to intelligence matters he likes to go with the intelligence that fits his world view that is why he was on the outs with coats for a very long time so the question for representative ratliff because he has to be

confirmed when he sits down before that senate committee can you be independent or will you simply tell the president what he wants to hear not what he needs to hear . protests in hong kong have ended violently with tear gas fired at demonstrators for a 2nd day tens of thousands protest to receive police and mob violence as well as interference from beijing government has condemned the protesters and defended police. iran's nuclear negotiator says an emergency meeting in vienna over the fate of the iran nuclear deal has been constructive but he says tehran will continue to reduce its nuclear commitments if europe fails to salvage the pact and britain has sent a 2nd a warship to the gulf to protect u.k. flagged vessel in the strait of hormuz the h.m.s. duncan has joined a british frigates already stationed there warships will be escorting vessels sailing through the strait the deployment follows iran seizure of a u.k.

flagged oil tanker more than a week ago well those are the headlines they'll be more news after all does their world that's up next. looking. back at this time in iraq. al jazeera recently conducted an investigation into events in bahrain occurring

several years ago. it uncovered evidence of a secret deal between the bahraini national security agency and members of al qaida . it's alleged they targeted opposition figures in the 2011 protests part of the so-called arab spring. al-jazeera arabic reporter tom i'll miss hell conducted the investigation on one of his findings was secret video recordings made by several leading al qaeda figures. with the help of the tremendous fire mohammed saleh was closely linked to al qaeda in bahrain. you know see. here. a very innocent.

is about training national who registered at a military training camp for the soldiers of allah linked to al qaeda. the recordings of these men had been kept secret since july 20th levon and have only recently come to light. i thought. for months before al bellew she recorded this statement on the streets of bahrain had been the scene of violent clashes between the offshore it is and opposition protesters the question is why did mohammed sali bellew she choose to make the secret video recordings at that time i now say jihad or mark but when you were under who wonder what he was going to. be dark or not. and why. it has only been

one later. when i asked a lot of them around your house i'm not really going to know much about all of the camels in the ground in riyadh i want to know the. following on rest in to near 0 and egypt opposition demonstrators took to the streets of the capital manama in february 20th levon. the protests quickly gathered momentum. and the authorities responded with military force. and never look at the bihari. norn. the story of. what i do know nor know your abdomen missing a lot this silly me. but

governor had me to stay. demonstrators occupied pole roundabout in manama demanding greater democracy and an end to discrimination against the majority shia muslim community by the sunni regime. the protesters were driven out in march 27th when king hamad declared a state of emergency and brought in the peninsula shield force the military wing of the gulf cooperation council. this is left turn and colonel yes i'll jalopnik. he was the commanding officer of the force that cleared pole roundabout on the 16th of march 20th levon. alger luck mate left bahrain in 2015 but when tom i'll miss how much i mean june 29th he talked for the 1st time

about what happened just a little roundabout with this i can lift on a bit and get even have a beautiful look at the north of a 100 feet are you surprised that arthur badly on one had meant. when the time of the 100 the water quantity but i don't know what harm could have a car about me had in the manner that any that would be a little can it. come from but at this in my dome up i'm going to kind of wonder what the honeymoon with the. young you can that i've seen walked a little sauce went off towards more. of a fairly well canal been fit for 3 so yeah and the other one yeah i mean with her mother going out on them i don't want any more to them it's often i got another one just who were are scary and wish with a lottery and one thought i would myself and what could be a human with the digit. kind of human that the bar to got to look at that i see.

through a bus with a hole in it by the home we love you with a mobile home. and one more little. money yeah. i'm listening to what they're going to probably look younger bottles in the block no that's a mark on what it was i don't know kind of with the digits enough when it comes a little body and with a hoodie my only carnal coming that got the more you had to dance and a mom in the kind of resentment a lot of them i was one of them out of the if it develops ok let's. look at if i should ease up at all the out about jordan i know you have enjoyed having us to have a model but i think you want to have me haven't met me. i'm. what i call it. you know on the arm.

that's how they get them i'm. sure and i did so by the tsunami i had i'm not sure if it was a we're going to have to we're out of the field i am not summoning with a i'm sure of the country but the look at. the level of acceptance of the other had a shock and. it would. be me and what. if it would be an end of the interview with alger left me raise the question as to whether the. deliberately demonize the opposition and demonstrators by promoting the idea that the confrontation was with so-called terrorists groups planning to overthrow the government i would note that the government. made it clear to us that they had evidence. of attempts by iran and hezbollah to to finance train and supply.

small groups inside bahrain for the purposes of let's call it what it is terrorism the fact is that the behind the government.