move unimpeded in great numbers into uganda if they wished. but in any event it really didn't happen and it didn't happen because a majority of scientists felt that hurtful was selling them out and that the only place for jews to move back to were at least conscious zionist jews to move back to was palestine in this i think britain began to look at the zionist movement as a possible partner in justifying a read a go she asians of their agreement with the french you see for britain simply to claim territory against what they'd already concluded in the green that with france could create diplomatic problems for the british but if they were to make a claim to palestine not out of self interest but in order to advance a great historic ideal of the restoration of the jewish people to the legal homeland that this could justify an adjustment of the term of the sites because. in

a way that the french would accept the british wanted somehow and more and more increasingly they felt that the jews held the key to winning the war. and so they had to figure out how to bribe the jews to support them. sir mark sykes had succeeded in drawing the line he wanted from acre in the west to kirkuk in the east but for some in government this was not enough. the british were using the jewish national movement to secure palestine for themselves is this is what high vitamin is really going to find to open ears of 10 downing street in the foreign office in the colonial office and it's paving the way towards that critical decision in november of 1917 and so i think you can direct you can draw a direct connection. between britain's sudden ignore all of that of zionism

is an idea at ideal. and what they were dissatisfied with the term the psychs because. i am fights man was a chemistry lecturer in manchester who had become a prominent member of the british zionist movement he was politically well connected and rubbed shoulders with senior figures in government so high in vitamin was russian by birth he was a chemist. and then he joined the zionist movement. he climbed in the zionist movement he moved to great britain before the war well before the war maybe 10 years before the war began he was not before the war very well known in the english zionist movement he was pretty well known in the world zionist federation

but he was by no means the most visible zionist when world war one began in great britain. vitamin later wrote in his memoirs about having been introduced to a british government minister herbert samuel. samual was jewish but bites man was apparently concerned that he might be anti zionist. however herbert samual turned out to be extremely receptive to vitamin and went on to write an official memo in 1950 setting out a number of different possibilities for palestine and the jewish people. and was. so. health minister. for the work and man i love. to see us it was who were caught up with the car and for us the and.

the last time have been. who where or when we are who would be. most. bit on the cut up with africa. sure but there's still a philosophy in badminton tell how to help them a lot them a lot and what fear the lay hold dear old fear the. britannia philosophy and oh but then you suddenly had the leader who the commonwealth. but he didn't find willing ears in whitehall or the colonial office for schemes that involved the establishment of a jewish state in palestine britain was really concerned with 2 things by the time that the 1st world war had broken out they wanted to with the war 1st and foremost this was an imperative for the survival of britain and its empire and secondly they

wanted to ensure that coming out of the war victorious that their empire would benefit from the victory so at this stage i invites men and herbert samuels ideas about the rights of the jews to resettle in palestine did not find much sympathy in the corridors of power in london. i disappointed fights munro to a friend asking whether there wasn't at least a discussion to be had about what he called the chance for the jewish people. i realize of course he went on we cannot claim anything we are much too atomized for it's. what the debate did do however was to throw together fights man the russian jewish immigrants searching for a homeland and refuge from persecution with herbert samuel and lord rothschild for members of the british jewish elite established in society and part of the political and capitalist class. so it isn't for the most part

of course all of the community was actually in the minority but certainly most of all within the jewish elite because it threatened the notion of them as 100 percent committed members of british society and this was complete and that for somebody like edwin montague to become secretary of state for india for him zionism is his worst nightmare the idea that jews are not satisfied simply with being citizens of britain or other countries around the world they're always longing to go back to the land of israel for him he wanted to demonstrate that the jews of britain were 1st and foremost british it's important to remember that for people like rothschild zionism and actually been a threat you see the elite in british jewellery had fought for generations to gain

acceptance in british society it was only with the arrival of disraeli and that i can century the jews entered parliament and could rise to become prime minister and for people of. so high finance or banking interests the really lete of the jewish community in britain their struggle to demonstrate their place in british society then design is with its claims that jews were a people apart and should be a nationalist movement of their own right or another with their early am very army . and even a corrupt britain body or how to get. hold. of but i would be when i. meant get 50 i would probably be the old the field but i would be everyman german joe all up there and i do have to shear. a bit of time even for

my honey brand of beer and sammy of bosh who will of us out the head if mark mr you how to say you you well it's an x. vitamin vien. in much of the love in your mind of the need of mental stability. keep the instability. of the. vitamin. the fim. it's vitamin that makes the difference and i think he was probably unique in his ability to persuade the leading british figures that the jews were in fact a vast sub to raney and influence which they were not. that all jews were zionists which was far from the truth and that therefore the big key to winning jewish support was to offer them palestine vitamine talked up the degree to which the

jewish community supported zionism in order to get his message across to the government. but for the british it seemed to be about self-interest about winning the war recognizing zionism would be close to lean to gaining global juice the poor it objective and which should start its future resting so the british motives for supporting zionism will be we can boil it down to 2 elements of british self interest at that time not an emotional interest in silence them or a love of jews and the jewish plight and the desire for a return of the jews to the holy land no for very specific self interests matters of policy they were 1st of all all of the british government agreed that they wanted to mobilize behind britain and the allies this idea of jewish power

in the world. they were all of the different policy elites in the war believers in the notion that jews were tremendous influence in the corridors of power around the globe if the british government appeared to support zionism they would win over world jewry to their side and all that that entailed the british were convinced that zionists and was really at the center of the jewish holocaust. in may 916 sir mark sykes had agreed his t. quit deal with the french psychs picone would form the basis of the future carve up of the old ottoman empire. so he immediately turned his attention to palestine still part of the ottoman empire and how to use dynasty ambitions to outmaneuver the french. formal contact between the british government and the zionists followed

he immediately phoned herbert samuel and told him about the plan and herbert samuel then phoned him vitamin and vitamin brought with him in a home sokolow this meeting took place on the 11th of april $916.00 it took place at moses castors house in maida vale. and gaster wrote in his diary afterwards how proud he was that this meeting which he thought was the most important meeting that had ever taken place in the history of zionism had taken place at his house. i had a i was she thought some of my gusts ever know where khalil must send the jelly hadia bus but then. as one who only in the north who were in the fight at. the most guessed it very quickly understands that sykes is looking to gain support from suppose it jewish power in the world and gets to

works with this idea and manipulates this to consolidate sykes's interest in science and we see actually the british government becomes very close already in nazi 16 of issuing a public declaration in support for zionism there in the end this doesn't happen that year the planned sikes got herbert samuels to pass on to the zionist leaders involved joint british french administration of palestine and a charter guaranteeing british support for the line isn't. but his idea was rejected. they didn't want an anglo-french condominium in palestine they wanted the british to protect them not the french and that's because they thought that the french always sort of converted their colonized people into becoming frenchmen and what they wanted

was to remain as self conscious jews and they thought that the british would leave them alone and let them do that and mushy help to live been begun by big circle of we were hurrying the share a blue team. the world via him going into the basement not to meet committee got down where you did done is gotten to it at them it would get them back to hollywood the who you deem know you to name him remember bomber matter . robert. you know them. is. bolstered by their newfound credibility the british the finest part about making specific demands after the sykes meeting but events soon overtook them. on the 6th of december 1960 british prime minister asquith resigned.

in the change of government arthur balfour became foreign secretary under prime minister david lloyd george. lloyd george. as the half awake i walked away from us back recently was iraq. december. and i'll. be here with that you know see a year. to year one or a bomb. but. it's a completely. your own to the people saying oh for all woes of rather philosophical bent. and i think he wanted to think in theological terms he wanted to think in historical

terms. and it was with that frame of mind i think that he approached the whole question seriously. at the fall of mar sorry i'm an. hour left back and moderate minutes of sex vehicle i received as it was i thought the comic lloyd george. commandment came out but the attire. scored. well for those of us towards the. young leaders among men and he and i can only david lloyd george a.j. balfour and all of those who supported the battle declaration within the british government we can absolutely categorize as being riven with anti semitic thinking and not only that but the thinking behind the balfour declaration that drove them

to the balfour declaration was from this anti semitic thought the idea of jewish power of jewish could he said this and of a unified jewish attachment to zionism above all else. whatever its basis the relationship between the british zionists and the government would continue to grow throughout the 1917. leading to the declaration that would change the face of the middle east and ultimately determine the destinies of 2 different peoples. what is resistance. in

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order to contain it control the fires in the amazon it is all poor to the other to act with the realty not disproved. brazil abroad as they do not help solve the problem they only learned themselves to political propaganda meanwhile thousands have protested in rio denouncing both of ours environmental policies the far right leader has previously said that rain forest protections and blocking economic development u.s. president donald trump says he'll again raise tariffs on chinese imports follows a gentle and planned tariffs on $75000000000.00 worth of u.s. goods the japanese government says both korea has fired what appear to be 2 missiles into the sea off its east coast south korean military officials say the launches happened on saturday morning the assan dark and south young province russian president vladimir putin has ordered his military to respond after the united states tested a new missile on sunday the modified cruise missile would have been banned under

the cold war era nuclear forces treaty which both countries have recently withdrawn from russian opposition leader alexina vali says he will continue his fight against putin and he expects protests against the president will grow the rally has just been released from prison after spending a month behind bars for encouraging demonstrations in moscow calling for free elections several opposition candidates have been blocked from running a ship carrying $350.00 refugees and migrants has docked in malta after 6 e.u. countries agreed to take them in maltese military vessels took the migrants from the humanitarian ship to shore the ocean viking had been stuck at sea after malta and italy initially denied requests to land. a spanish warship has arrived at the italian island of lampedusa to collect 15 people from the charity vessel. belfour saves of discord continues next.

the 1st world war pitted britain france and russia against germany austria hungary and the ottoman empire the british in the shape of the diplomats or mark sykes were determined to divide autumn in territory in a way that best suited them once the war was over for their own strategic interests . by 917 the war was shifting in the allies favor and in the middle east the british were moving through sinai towards the borders of historic palestine. further north the russian revolution in february 1917 cast doubt on russia's continued involvement in the war. as britain and france tried to outmaneuver one

another the british zionist movement took on increasing political importance. sikes wants to get back in touch with saw its think about how it's incorporates all of this in british planning for palestine. and at this moment we see a hugely important meeting taking place in the home of most disgusting made in february 17th and this is the point in which sykes mates for the 1st time haim fight smith and the home circle of. another time in this in which it's discussed what the zionists are looking for and the british interest in zionism so he had to bring the zionists along without divulging what were the secret agreements that britain and france had come to with regard to palestine which was that they would jointly administer parts of palestine at this meeting for

the british government was sykes and herbert samuel he was there on the other side there were. vitamin and sokolow and there was moses gaster and he brought a couple of his allies because he realised that vitamin was beginning to push him out of the way the other very important figure was james rothschild who attended this meeting. at the meeting it became clear to sykes that vitamin not gaster was the most important zionist. this is also the moment where most of the cast is dislodged. sykes's part on the french side pico hadn't liked best guessed it been insistent that there should be a jewish state and nothing less coming into being after the war and peace. clearly

wanted scientists who were much more willing to compromise with the interests of the great powers and the vice was certainly happy to fit that bill. the meetings between the zionists and the government seemed to give momentum to the idea of british support for a jewish homeland in palestine and their potential role in its administration. but the secret agreements between britain and france which formed the basis of the future division of the ottoman empire planned to put palestine under international administration any change would have to be negotiated with france. niamh so-called of emerged as the man to talk to the french and. be thought a. she he.

circle oh became the acknowledged lead diplomat for zionism and all the accounts say that he had an extremely sort of elegant bearing and wore very fine clothing and that his manners were polished and polite and smooth silky smooth so that he could talk. on an equal basis with the representatives of the german kaiser or the british government or whatever so the day after the meeting. between sykes and the zionist leaders sykes brought busy. but socolow to meet the french diplomat pico what psychs wanted was for sokolow to a persuade pekoe that zionism must be taken seriously that zionism

really was the key to winning the war. and that the zionists would only help the allies win the war if britain was the main power in palestine not france for to edge off because they didn't pretty not killed or made. so-called off with out false. won't quite. put out for that core. reeve. and also mossad. there's not a good office a course a record of that they are home but not on their degree of me tell you we the 3 of them and psychs nuff saw in a circle of you know what a w and

a no our friends are or your mother had this you can associate my more or less and british cabinet or that often or that the station a friend so we had one for. cabin at the link is a or look in already different so we into a lot of cities it's hard to know how much influence psychs ultimately had over british policymaking he was given more prominence in british policy making around the middle east during the war years than he ever deserved he was a relatively ill educated inexperienced man whose only connection to the art of the world had been as a tourist. so for this man to be playing such a role in the holes of power over deciding british policy towards the near east seems to us today to be anomalous indeed ridiculous. regardless of psych's role things continue to progress for the zionists and in june 1917 british foreign secretary arthur balfour asked high in vitamin to present his demands as

a declaration and promise to try and persuade his government to adopt its. the leading zionist form the political committee and drafted their demands and then submitted them to the british government. this original document was one of the 1st drafts written at the imperial hotel in london on the 17th of july 1917. it also introduced a new term and concept the national home of the jewish people. so in the initial thoughts on this drafting of the declaration. there were protests most saw as leaders to no one cycle of that there's no mention of the terminology of a jewish state that has said that talking about a national home as this is a trial of what the side of trying to achieve and so close response. was

that we mustn't go too far we have to take small steps we have to go with what is acceptable to the british government at this time and then slowly slowly we can advance our cause once we had this in hand. and if you look at what i mean it don't really know what you have been could be. certain elements how can that be understood though them suckle or less of a only from starts or what are. your thoughts. on the 18th of september 1917 there was a meeting of the british war cabinet the foreign secretary arthur balfour was absent. the secretary of state for india edwin montague who was jewish strongly disagreed with the declaration. he was opposed to zionism and said

i deny that palestine is today associated with the jews or properly be regarded as a fit place for them to live montague thought a french to clear ration for porting zionism in june 1017 was anti semitic and negotiated changes to the british version as it went through several drafts. so you got a battle. there are. more out of the last. alice shirt adam assessment of corker c s c. yes good i mean. they're on the whole. she will look forward to her.

but your. people gonna. do you. the world. a few days later secretary of state for war vi counts milner and the jewish politician philip magnus sent a modified version to the cabinet it incorporated some of montague's changes. including the caviar quote nothing shall be done that might prejudice the rights and political status enjoyed by such jews who are fully contented with their existing nationality and citizenship. drafting especially by a board millner that appeared by september was closer to the language that would eventually be adopted in november of 1917 namely speaking not

about power stein as a whole. but. i sort of presence in palestine on behalf of the jews which is quite different cannot call can be wired well for it how money for. nothing. all of their national . a literary of what on and call me there and look at all in national. but no not the the national home and i would not the national home yeah rock on only i would be fearful of the and. the committed zionists want to ensure the declaration was clear that the whole of historic palestine would be a national homeland exclusively for the jewish people. the

latest draft was sent to high invites men who in turn center to the zionist movement in the united states for their feedback. there was some consultation you know during the summer of 1917 with the united states and in the early drafts. the imprint of the zionist elements in britain would have referred to palestine in its entirety as being for some sort of jewish and b. and those elements eventual we were modified before the drafting was finalized another key part of the terminology that emerged out of the drafting was in some british redrafting where sort of for the jewish people it was written the jewish race.