johnson's fundamental problem in all of this we have a prime ministerial system in britain not a presidential system and when the prime minister loses the confidence of the majority of m.p.'s in the house of commons let's not forget m.p.'s in his own party in some cases because of the 21 m.p.'s who lost the whip their position begins to weaken and as things stand boris johnson has fewer than 300 m.p.'s who support him in the whip that's not a tenable long term position so he is really running seriously out of options it's not clear where he goes from here south africa's president is promising to deal with the prejudice he admits is fuelling riots and attacks on migrants from elsewhere in the cotton that there have been reprisal incidents in countries including an area from think south africa to close at the embassy there mobs began looting and setting fire to foreign owned businesses in johannesburg and pretoria on sunday migrants are accused of stealing scarce jobs in south africa or unemployment as nearly 30 percent. no amount of and. and frustration and grievance can justify such acts off $12.00 and

destruction and criminality they can be no excuse for the attacks on the homes and businesses of foreign nationals. and i south africa closes its embassy in nigeria the nigerians are recalling their top diplomat harriman taso reports on the growing where. most of these people are from zimbabwe they say they were attacked on monday at around 3 local time they saw dozens of men hitting towards them telling them to least of africa because they are foreigners what wasn't looted was destroyed all of us we are human beings so we have to if miss. their way. other it's not that. they have to have names because all of us africans it's only the difference because of the borders but

all of us and all blacks africans. soaring inflation rising food prices and high unemployment in zimbabwe made it difficult to survive the that's why they came here to look for work but some locals feel foreigners from other parts of africa are competing with them for skills jobs and government services more than 100 people have lost their belongings cheering the violence they trying to start over and rebuild their homes but many say they still don't feel safe here afraid african foreigners could be targeted again and. president still has condemned the attacks as in a phobic and acceptable many foreign owned businesses and african foreign nationals have been attacked threats of reprisals for south africa to temporarily shut its embassy and consulates in nigeria we people have been protesting against the attacks we also are. every count right now across. africa. become hardened market. prepared

longer. they have also been demonstrations in zambia people they are threatening to boycott south african companies like shoprite supermarket you know certain businesses. show began protests. if you go to most to me is going to show up right so because. after days of right in the eating is not really to be quieted to tori and johanna spoke people are assessing what was lost and trying to pick up the pieces but it could take longer for south africa to repair the damage done and change the perception some have that foreign african nationals are not welcome here how tough al-jazeera put on. their breaking news to bring to you zimbabwe's founding leader robert mugabe has died at the age of 95 courses the country's 1st prime minister he had been in poor health he was being treated in singapore he served as the head of the country for 30 years before being deposed in a military coup in 2017. deliberate to turn into

a tyrant the man who destroyed a promising country through his determination to cling on to power. by some but in the end despised by many in zimbabwe of the widely admired across africa as a hero who fought colonialism and stood up to the west. 965. aeons mrs white settlers declare independence from britain an event that they find robert mugabe's life and still holds his country. the black majority resisted races in the cities and out in the countryside where a vicious bush war raged for years. robert mugabe a teacher turned activist emerged from prison as an articulate leader of the independence struggle we started the war in order to give our country. we haven't

got a country they did get their country at lancaster house in london in 1979. and when zimbabwe celebrated independence mugabe the overwhelming winner of elections was in power. and soon showing the rival liberation fighters what he'd do to keep it might the belly land in the early eighty's the opposition crushed thousands killed in ethnic massacres atrocities that were barely noticed abroad. but there was also much to admire resul reconciliation education and health for millions of zimbabweans although later the economy declined and the invasions of white farms in the year 2000 were turning point this time the world did notice. people said that this was going to happen it was going to turn into a bloodbath turn into another congress maybe this is

a. we're going to have to get out of. it was a coward to destructive process but said he was correcting an old injustice and in many ways still fighting the old colonial power the land is ours we give it to whom we please it's not the business of britain you see to tell us who to give land they do not wear that those who are given members of my by my party is irrelevant to britain. by now opposition was growing despite murder and many many zimbabwe seemed ready to throw mugabe out they had a new hero morgan chang right who said robert mugabe's early achievements will always be overshadowed by the years of oppression. do we portray him as the great liberator or do we portray him as somebody who has betrayed the liberation that he fought for. i think the little prevail the 2 rivals ended up in

government together although mugabe made sure he kept the real power and chunky violator returned to a position where he would eventually that. is constantly sharing how hypocritical the west is and africa loves that and for that reason and i think he will be judged alternately as being a more important figure in africa than simply this party is this part he's a dictator he's a tyrant he's anywhere you want to threaten but it's something more than that he says he's the wrong messenger with the right message. by now his wife grace 41 years his junior had emerged as a political player who got be well into his ninety's seem determined to go on and on. the eve just. as you know. that the robert mugabe is still here.

but not as strong as he thought in the city's anger boiled over a new generation demanded mugabe go it's time for you to resign it's time for you to step down. in the end it was the army that pushed him worried he'd appoint grace as his successor a former colleague and then live rival of grace's emmerson winning took over it was more palace cruden revolution although the joy mirrored that of zimbabwe's original revolution 37 years earlier will gladly retreated to his mansion bitter to the last we don't deserve you. pretty we don't. but we as. the real tragedy robert mugabe could never bear da da of his country enjoying a 2nd freedom from his room is great but up to meet. her miss hasa joins us live now on the phone from johannesburg so her 95 years as a is

a long and complicated life how do you think this news will be received in zimbabwe . well it's just after 7 am local time in zimbabwe so most people would be waking up probably getting too old. to start devolving didn't know that mugabe had imp in a courthouse for 4 months. 1 will a trip that he used to take the government a few weeks ago issued a statement trying to update the nation on the health of mugabe are they basically say that they are hoping that he gets well and that they will be ready to deliver home when he is ready of the people weren't too sure what that statement meant it seems now of course confirm that he had passed away we're told some of the family members live on thursday to head to thing a call. was 3 actually now will be how people on the ground will react it's complicated like he said he 1st came onto the scene as a hero

a liberator who helped end white curly rule in 1980 and for a couple of years he was seen as the dawning of africa and even some within countries as he like to deal with and they wanted to work with him and then as the years dragged on he was accused of being a dictator of corruption allowing people close to him to turn the stage resources in the meantime ignoring the law to poor black majority and of course came the complicated issue of land reform some people argue in zimbabwe that he did that he took land away from my people to kill the one to redress the mistake that happened in the possibly by the wife and i came to zimbabwe they took much of the good land from that people so 5 supporters always said he did that because he loved his people and wanted to give them back the land but its critics say understand when land reform actually started properly he was under a lot of pressure especially from the world they're trying to help put him in power

they are now saying to him it's been so many years now why do why people have a lot of the land why they have a large farm for some people say the only live. he actually. did try to address the land reform issue because he was on the pitch from people close to people who are threatening to take him out so i think we'll see mixed reactions as the day of mourning those who really. blame him for the sake of economy. for corruption and for millions having to leave the country because of economic reasons and some because they say they are with they may not be so keen to celebrate his life of course all eyes now wait on the president and he may he may just address the nation tell people what the way forward is and people now wait to see when the body will come back from and what the future plans and hero considering he was removed from office and and

a coup he was ousted from office and all the things that you just said will there be sort of a push pull want on how to honor him going forward might there be some people that want to focus on on the good part of his legacy and maybe some of the younger generations that just want to move forward. well when you left office he made it very clear that he thought the way he was removed was unconstitutional he was very very angry about that he even gave a few press conferences that is mention of basically telling journalists that i don't believe has happened to me as being with people who commit more than 170 palk with a t.v. and he was in no way taking some of the senior really posh officials who just wanted him to shut up and enjoy his time there was a bit of tools that if he does that when he does die if you're going to be given a couple singles but i must say the president and other seniors on a good officials have always say that he is the one of the founding fathers of the

nation they're going to give him a state you know there's even talk that his body may tools some parts of the country go back to the home village in dubai where he was born where he went to school can you be able to say goodbye in a proper way what remains to be seated how the opposition is going to react here. for decades and they are. unfairly targeting some of their supporters will they come out and give a condolences will they encourage people to attend the funeral or will they be more people who really didn't like him who keep talking about all the negative things that he did and how he destroyed the country that's according to what some people say but again you must say in asking the culture generally someone dies especially with a once. in a legal matter how bad we felt about that to you will at least give the family time to mourn the way through to the funeral. 5 taking that life and how they lived and how they treated you and how they handled the country's very mixed feelings in

zimbabwe like i stated clearly people are waking up. time will have a general idea what the general reaction will be across the country erica take us back to that time you reference that he really seemed to be surprised and shocked almost and denial that there was a moment came when people wanted him to go and as a result it was a really long process can you can you take our viewers back to that time in 2017. yes i remember that time because i was there covering pretty much 4 what happened even from nearly 2000 when i started waking as a journalist so by that time the economy twenties and if you recall we had just become so bad a lot of people even some people who quietly supported them was in something has to give clearly you as a leader in charge for 37 years something has gone wrong the economy is not functioning people are hungry anymore the chinese trying to lead the country maybe

you should get down the privilege of growing growing and fighting for the warning signs when this part of being fiction between some of the army and godly can and also there was also the division within the result of your party because you had a younger sit upon a generation 40 to 40 and it's alleged that look whether it was great was when the leader behind actually we had the older generation those who participated more cheering the liberation struggle and they were feeling that the younger generation led by allegedly going to try to push them out and there's a great take over from the husband so all these things are now coming out he was under pressure and when the signs are cut it's basically the war veterans day the war they were paid companies in harare the capital i live we got a go now go now go now if you don't go we will leave that was a clear sign that he was not going to hang on for much longer but he he tried he gave a press conference a few days. most people globally thought this is it this is the time he's going to

say i've done my bit you don't want me i'm going down he refused to resign then there were negotiations that there was trying to talk to them of inspirational leader tried with interview trying to find a way out of the crisis only when parliamentarians said we are going to vote to impeach you if you don't believe that's when he finally released a statement saying that he has been down for a lot of 2. 4 i'm going to have around that time that we need to be p.c.m. i think a lot of people were play that could be black to ok to found parity typing for thank you so much for that wrap up and for bringing us are back to that time that. robert mugabe was ousted i'm going to bring in somebody else in the discussion now ernest burns and is a political analyst joins us on the phone from harare ernest thank you for your time how do you think that this news will be received in zimbabwe.

then used to. do with. someone would think back to a form of prison. going to get problems and. the political situation of crisis that the zimbabwe's government. and. think that. the people are deeply rooted in east or moment that they squandered vision and to them this is definitely a blow a loss of a util someone move contributed to the immensely liberation of this country and dorsal did it in a different league would be soon after independence only to. go as today. ernest we we had an analyst who described robert mugabe this way as the wrong

a messenger but the right message what do you think about. that could be true in terms of food the message the message that t e spoke was what the say age which may not be of be trying to lead to do any interaction was the message of the message all full making sure that those who are present need no wrong and where will it i mean dems awful but is also. of days your friend i think you that's what most people would want to point out to that to be added to redistribute to send to lend in this majority back to the manner in which you just what i. wanted was a problem problematic that would be the end of their own mess and that's all. the

description is easy it probably ought. to describes who ought to be in the act and practically in religion to. be the lender from program and when you also look at. the characters of the men easy men will put street him south of as a marxist you know socialist but the when you look at it in terms of the actually does on the ground you are small for me on the back of our. cumulation. how do you think how do you think he will be remembered and the country going forward in the days going forward what type of sendoff do you think you'll have. this man will come back the z.m. men will contribute to it immensely. politically but as you know zimbabweans and men will. embark on

a social development program in the. back to men who would then went wrong. tool long visit to you to continue and to stay in a. time when you i said was to leave this to the men will when you want some boys to go decided not to go. into debt for them when conduct is going to exceed the mental for mistakes which is met the ousted in power disgrace the man. arness mincing am joining us from harare with the news of the passing of robert mugabe thank you so much for your time we will continue to speak more about the very complicated legacy of 95 year old robert mugabe the country's 1st prime minister of course being 95 he had been in poor health and he led the country for 30 years before being ousted in a military coup we will have much more on the passing of robert mugabe and his

legacy all hell the agony algorithm is next. over the decades millions of arabs have moved from the middle east many refugees but others economic migrants taking their skills abroad. al-jazeera world meets to doctors to forge new lives in a struggle and the u.s. . never forgetting their roots. but each committed to building a new life helping others. arabs abroad the surgeons on al-jazeera. in a world where journalism as an industry is changing we have al-jazeera are fortunate to be able to continue to expand to continue to have that passenger drive and present the stories in a way that is important to our viewers. everyone has a story worth hearing to. uncover those that are often ignored we don't weigh our

coverage towards one particular region or continent that's why i joined al-jazeera . around the world powerful entities a way to manipulate and influence us you've heard about it trolls thoughts fake news their algorithms that work behind each of these algorithms that have been developed and designed to push specific types of content to us content that says click me. mexico is probably not the 1st place that comes to mind when you think of online manipulation sure it's happening everywhere but the countries we often hear the most about are the usa and russia. mexico has been

a testing ground for some of the most insidious online tactics we've seen unleashed around the world. there's a blogger turned activist called alberto a school zia here in mexico city who i'm on my way to meet now alberto has been deeply involved in investigating political bots trolls and artificial trends in mexico since 2010 and he's received significant blowback because of his work death threats have forced him to leave the country 5 times. as many import them to make it go for. the most bloodiest possible advantage. of what the. north was the. son imbued ma'am in tokyo. which is a huge. jordan gave us an industry and we're going to end the most doomy on the quenta us to do it in the facebook i mean instagram. thought of the us

a dollar store of produce at a 3rd of the money. used to this on a little studio where you can there are more to the enable you can there are more chain fluence you have one of the most effective and powerful tools for those who want to push an agenda online is the draft now bots are essentially just pieces of software algorithms that run whatever tasks you set them and a lot of the internet runs of them however they've also become synonymous with fake social media accounts pushing political agendas or generating artificial likes shares will fall as the days of these fully automated spam bots a mostly over their actions were simply too obvious making them easy to detect by filters which meant they got purged and easy to spot by uses which meant they go to . so now literally armies of people paid to act like dogs they're also called trolls so dicks also lundell don't know us mean to me but it's honest and to handle

the addict i mean they're in the 2nd set of the what's going to start me on as a quintus. and she bell telephone. the tutor. they are offering you a dex and this is the number of accounts. by 4 and in one hour do can be able to pick in this quantity over guns. decks are the secret tools used by marketing agencies publicity manages political parties and governments to boost topics and people online or to divert and distract from unfavorable attention the advantage of having nice human blood says that while they behave more human on line so the chances of them being eliminated are dismissed a lot. however alerter says. even if done by humans has an miscible characteristic. of what's going there are no more.

critical mission accomplished. races than out of the 4 of us we're going to get a contest from the going to. the most grandmas from the. south and then under. a lot as a whole of programmers or more sort of roles but it must be said it's been 10 years . it's just going to. just i mean i can then on the floor of my squad for long. and. all because i mean. all it's done and it's not to live. by the look of the republican. so linda heard. from elections 2 big news events to political debates decks pile on and drive online chat and there alarmingly successful in skewing conversations and narratives

a study by the oxford internet institute shows that between 20172018 the number of countries where organized social media manipulation of cars increased from 28 to 48 the biggest drivers of organized online manipulation around the world political parties the realisation many of them the pad is that instead of trying to since a social media platforms it's much more effective to simply flood them with bots junk news and decide for the nation samantha bradshaw was one of the researchers who worked on the report. the advertisers have used these platforms to reach new audiences and new markets but now we're seeing political parties learn by these platforms can also be used to sway public opinion and so instead of selling us these goods they're they're selling us world leaders or political ideologies by using the advertising infrastructure and the algorithms to slowly start nudging

hurst fact checking opinions about politics we're seeing the shift away from purely automated accounts to more human operators who are finding actual real people for hire to work on political campaigns to work with more repressive governments to target people online with this kind of speech to ultimately suppress their participation in politics and public discussion and. a lot of people don't necessarily participate and political discussions online anymore i even find myself withdrawing a little bit from commenting on politics just because of the enormous reaction that you can get and it's hard to know whether or not these are real people. genuinely. i have these views or whether they're just a paid troll sitting far off country somewhere just designed to make me feel this way and to make me withdraw from participating in these discussions online

dickson the exists to do so well because cliques have become the defector to receive the online world will become accustomed to the fact that for years the algorithms behind facebook twitter instagram and the others have rewarded big numbers mostly it was most comments. and mills use the rewards of groups and the lack of regulation meant that if you want to have an impact clicks a what you need to go off. the drive clicks isn't restricted to governments political movements or marketing agencies they're in it to shape perceptions many others are in it for the money but how do you make money online engagement at the dot and science of keeping people flocked it's what keeps the online money machine chinee and so algorithms have been programmed to push content that gets high and gauge what algorithms don't necessarily determine the veracity of content

they're often more concerned with the vibe reality of it so if more people are engaging with a certain topic the algorithms might say like this might matter to you as well that could be you know the new avengers movie could be a new viral video about cats but it could also be something of importance such as you know a new breaking news story and this is where we see doctors trying to manipulate the popularity metric and that's why we get descent from ation stories spreading like wildfire because if there are a bunch of fake accounts online engaging with a fake breaking news story that might get pushed into the news feeds of real use. and then real people will start interacting and sharing these distant from patient stories further and further. on up to yes. i'm on my way

now to a cut plan in central mexico in august 2 10182 men ricardo flores was beaten and burned to death because people thought that they were child snatches warnings on facebook twitter and whatsapp had gone viral with the news that gangs of kidnappers had been picking up children and selling their organs the news wasn't true but the stereo led to the most brutal form of violence. of their life but it's on the run yes. he says also does that give us it broader must go to the various ellis and sort of the local phrase walk. on the ice and well last a several more set i mean will. they actually have like i'm going to link with this i was betting if they were going to get them on the 4th of the good i would also spiritual so they could get

a bit of sun extra because you'll spoil most of what i suspect other sort of more mature than consent and we can. have a very general was there have already been there was a man. on the day of the attack 22 year old when he's 43 year old. traveling together. they made a pit stop to buy a drink it happened to be near a school and with suspicion of child kidnappings in the area they became fatal targets to a mob galvanized by on mine. i meant would resign. and i'll go to. apple with the honest. longing yes. but our knowledge. but i misunderstand the where this.

happened say. gam a hall of but i'm not there so i make one other look at an echo sallis up and say but only one more thing where us. both on me said it's not a matter. of. fact us. for france us. on us and they not sent there by law or secondly so possibly even more shocking than the impact of this fake news is the motivation for it often ideology only plays a small part in a scam that's really all about money. the money we're talking isn't small change in mexico a website can in around a $1000.00 u.s. dollars for every 1000000 page views every time a person lands on a page the advertising algorithm kicks in.