president and administration and make what do you use propaganda to the neighborly mislead readers let me put it in the context of the time i think blocking. the i.n.d. government at the time it is. participation in the government in the context of the cold war. was an important thing to do the we know from other reporting that the russians really looked at chile as an experimental case where you could use the voting box to bring communist to power in the hemisphere there was a sentiment among those of us watching that the i.n.d. government was in the process of falling of its own weight his policies were so wrong footed that was they were the architect of the economic problems that they were confronted. that albacore you were being critical of. is is not surprising i you know understating the power of the media. not just to

report on stories but to produce them creating stories and this is where the bottom line is and nobody of course once they hear this on the left i ended created most of the stories i mean economic policies are very hard to justify today and. at the end of the day when i stand back where brought down the brother record it was softer art it was a barely fall government economically. that's the story of journalist and it is there's a little town at the time of this that is there so thank you very much for joining us here in the past he was working for him a good deal and says that without cia money the paper would never have been able to tell it's not because president you know there was explicitly censoring the press but because his government was tightening the screws on to make financially we were in a lonely up or will it be near certainty and the government wanted to close down and

market it but they couldn't just send the police you know shut the paper down so what they did was to found all its accounts they blocked its newsprint supplies they took away all public sector advertising as a result the paper was then in serious financial trouble so the people who did want and what could have to survive did what they could to find funding for it among them the u.s. government this was a fight between 2 armies income but one employed methods that were in my opinion unlawful by draining the life out of it while the other wanted to provide it with a lifeline you are limited to a year in israel according to bit is the out of the cia offered that lifeline however for victor their leader edwards an official biographer that cash. allowed and unleashed a propaganda campaign that would lead to you in this down full and the thousands of deaths that followed you went there when i had finished with

a killer theory but it can for instance amongst various interventions there was the financing of a general strike particularly truck drivers and the transport industry which paralyzed the whole country and makoto played the key part as a spokesman for this movement showing how the country was supposedly falling apart at the seams and there could you have been generating fear around communism ever since the bolshevik revolution itself. from a very early stage edwards mcclure was the grandfather of augustine edwards identified this revolution something very dangerous and makoto has always been furiously anti communist always. carried out an anti communist campaign deliberately spreading panic we're talking about the cold war the early seventies i mean it was the communists are coming to

kill your kids that kind of thing the establishing of a totalitarian state where all freedoms would be taken away and many people bought it. we have cia documents from the spring of 1973 in which the cia station chief identifies emma choreo as one of the key entities in chile that is pushing for instability and confrontation in order to instigate military action in chile no discussion of democracy nothing peaceful violence that was the purpose. september of 1973 i in there was overthrown in a military coup led by general. mass

open air prisons. houses disappearances in the 1000. bodies dumped at sea the result a culture of fear and repression repression the spread to the media and new total crackdown on the press with an exception i made a deal and the other 2 papers it opened and i'm not on demand. yes that's where most chileans got their news from during the 17 years that tape the ship that followed. where barbara hayes a young journalist at the time got her start. without a paper political yes i was really interested in political journalism but by then it was clear that there was absolutely no chance of being able to do that under dictatorship not in elmore coolio not anywhere else you have to realize that in those years the clampdown on the media was brutal the information we'd be able to

gather even those of us who studied journalism would be very little and there was a lot of self-censorship around aside from straight up censorship the editors and publishers of the media were only too aware that there were certain topics that could not be reported and they would be constantly summoned by the government's national directorate for communications which controlled anything to do with any where there's a control our them. in july of 1975 so when they want to make movies more liberal papers published a headline that still lives on exterminated like rats the rats were the 190 members of the me and the revolutionary left movement and on opposition training for a counter-coup. a cooling. they'd been an internal fight which ended in a block of the real story the chilean secret police heard disappeared then.

i asked where is their set up the story of the 119 and why who covered it the way they did so clearly there will be if you're a journalist and you're given a story you take that story to your paper and it gets published there was no prior knowledge of anything i mean we had a judicial inquiry that took place 30 years later that exposed. the story came to journalists from argentina and it. published in an argentinian paper then over time it emerged that everything had been fabricated but nobody could have known that at the time we. did was to quote the official source that's what they published and. one of the 119 disappeared by chile's secret police whose member. his sister maria told me she's been campaigning for justice ever since one of.

baffin was well this is the notorious front page of lhasa gone exterminated like rats it was painful really very painful it's probably difficult to imagine what it means to know that your brother has been arrested the authorities to spend a year denying it and then to be faced with this information was extremely shocking . even that was officially denied his death become a possibility after a few months and with that report we knew it was true and it said yes they killed them best still killing them that killing us and they will carry on. the adios in a better the more i say so in a game. in the white 4 video. a lot of anger indignation and at the time

a lot of impotence because it was just impossible to counter those arguments these were official truths that were established and distributed in the media there were practically no media you could call on to disprove any of this even though we the families of the disappeared tried with every single one of the media organizations in chile there's not a single media outlet at the time who can say they didn't know they didn't have a chance to find out about it. because all this information all the information to disprove this government information was delivered to all media for think i'll go. into the night many kids ok all the way not to let a documentary on and make real growth in a dictatorship and yet although i was the rules paper was set. to national t.v.

. but i'm aware of what the boy cost it. but it's being told it in motion in a ghostly your little as you will not get it took another 6 years for the film to be proved cost late at night on a on t.v. an independent channel that day and they could use t.v. listings left that slot blank more than food he years after the military coup the film's director found that daring to question him a coolio was still to be done over the swan you know live alternately the censorship operation against the film came from officials at chili's national broadcaster from within the directors board it came from within because in my career generates fear among those who want power because america is also a means to being an empowered kid in a bull in the neck and i think i think of that but i think of it because i mean if

you go to the one thing i would have in there with you not only for myself but i'm for. and we in the world to think it was the 1st step in a series of attempts to expose the role of augustine edwards and their medical you during the dictatorship many people knew but it's one thing to talk about and another to show it to the union to say. to you side with an innocent girl to listen to this little bit i mean anything. 2nd the data is to see if well it could have been a going if the problem is that in my call you and i were still in edwards of the victors of history and the victors don't apologize apologize for what we called for a coup d'etat and that's what we have. apologised for wanting a mere liberal state that we now have winners don't say sorry. this is the basic article so to demand this from the victors of history strain why should you demand

this and why should they apologize if they want on all fronts a matter. of principle and a lot of big oh yes he moans have been made legal ones in 20132 groups representing families of the disappeared to go was denied was to cool it for his role in covering up human rights violations it was the 1st time charges had been brought against the civilian for his or her role in the coup nothing came of it today i'm a good deal still dominates the media market and when i was doing edwards died in 2017 but he and his people remained officially unblemished. whatever where we've been legally challenging these cases for more than 40 years what happened during the dictatorship was an ability to cover up any dissent anything that could have been construed as a criticism of the establishment of the power elites throughout history

there are instances of this kind of lies and distortions of reality last when else . this is a memorial to the thousands of people who disappeared during the pinochet regime a symbol of the chilean state that sounds to confront a brutal past but not everyone wants to do that we tried not for weeks but for months to get an official response from element on. alleged crimes against journalism the paper commits a during that time but to no avail it's as if an ordeal is taking a story it's own story and trying to bury it. in the heart of the amazon the bolivian family has put their lives in peril to harvest brazil nuts. which can sing the congo to the capital

is an even more dangerous challenge. a. risky new tool to believe yeah. on al-jazeera. we know the culture we know the problems that affect this part of the world very very well and that is something that we're trying to take to the rest of the world we have gone to places and reported on a story that it might take an international network for months to be able to do it united nations peacekeepers out there going on tyrol you know. we are challenging the forces were challenging companies who are going to places where nobody else is going. to talk to. us what guarantees will be given to the people will be attending the minimal workshops we listen i'm supposed to explain

apologize for someone who is also terrorizing me we meet with global news makers and talk about the stories that matter on the phone to 0 the danger is in the grip of an extinction epidemic within species disappearing at record levels can it be stopped before it's too likes 101 a stint best to gates indonesia's crisis on al-jazeera. let's. go to. the end. the.

drones attack 2 major saudi oil facilities yemen's hoofy rebels claim responsibility. i'm about this and this is al jazeera live from doha also coming up a statement moral for zimbabwe's former leader gets under way this hour as the nation grapples with his divisive legacy. west african leaders meeting book enough

aso to discuss the growing security threats from on groups linked to al qaida and deisel. pro china demonstrators in hong kong clashed with supporters of the ongoing protests for democratic reforms. drawings of hits to saudi aramco oil facilities triggering large explosions. yemen's hoofy rebels have claimed responsibility the attacks come just days after the kingdom said the state owned oil giant's much anticipated stop listing would happen very soon saudi arabia's interior ministry says one attack happened at the iran coast site at uptake in the country's eastern province the company says the processing plant is the largest crude oil stable is the stabilization plant in the world it's estimated it can process up to $7000000.00 barrels of crude oil

a day and the other attack was that crisis about 150 kilometers northeast of the fires are said to be contained. well mark my colleague al-jazeera is correspondent of some of them services here with us now he's following the story for us we're getting some more information the who thinks that apparently saying there were 10 drones involved in this and also that they had some help from inside the kingdom what do we read into that and why is it so difficult for saudi arabia to be able to take down these drones when they come in the 1st time the who tease of claim that they have intel from inside saudi arabia saying that there is dissent in saudi arabia that they have been utilizing to pinpoint where they will be targeting next but what is the fact is that there drone strikes in their attacks on saudi facilities have been getting more precise they have been getting more intense and they seem to be getting the desired results that they wanted this is attacking

the heart of saudi arabia's financial machine they have hit the facility which produces about $7000000.00 barrels of oil a can process so 1000000 barrels of oil a day so it would be a major blow and disruption decide the arabia's oil facility but what it also shows is the gradual transformation of this this really rudimentary force which we saw in 2015 which absolutely most people had not heard off and see it evolve into this this from a k 47 carrying men to people who are carrying out precise drone attacks which are not just difficult to repulse but they're very difficult to spot as well we've seen that in the field in the fight against eisel and in other areas when these small drones are deployed it is very difficult to spot them if you are employing a missile defense shield they don't produce a heat signature that you you could trace they're so small in nature that would be very difficult for somebody to stop them so it is an effective tool that the hooty seem to have mastered and now they're attacking saudi facilities more and more and

absolutely in the heart of their saudi production line to talk to about the importance of saudi aramco to saudi arabia brother no you've done a documentary for us and i just want to play a clip of that to our viewers. it seemed like a great idea the world's largest oil producing company pumping millions of barrels a day to become the world's largest ever traded stock. for you what a novelty. and prince eager to make his mark as a reformer wanted to partially trade saudi aramco for. 2 trillion dollars but that failed to get off the ground and the prince's vision 2030 seems blurry. saudi aramco is almost like the basis of politics in saudi arabia they are always

intrinsically tied everybody in saudi arabia in one way or another as a beneficiary saudi aramco. needs a strong and. well history of saudi aramco is the history of saudi arabia transforming itself from an isolated tribal society into a global presence where some of it's obvious from that from those clips there that saudi aramco is absolutely intrinsic to life in saudi arabia but we tried to explain there is that this is no ordinary company this is a company which runs a country a country which is pivotal to what happens in the middle east it is one of the most important partners for various forces in the muslim world so saudi aramco is at the heart of not just politics but economy and life in saudi arabia and it is one of the largest employers that saudi arabia has and it is also the crown jewel of the transformation program that saudi arabia's new crown prince wants to embark upon in

order to change the country's trajectory from an oil dependent economy to a diverse economy so this is going to have a knowledge of wider implications on saudi arabia and people looking at saudi arabia as a possible investment opportunity as well i want to talk to you about the level of investment as we mentioned earlier. of course part of saudi aramco has been pushed forward is being floated on the stock exchange it's being delayed once the timing of this no doubt is significant what do you think this is going to have. an effect as far as the investors are concerned well if you were going to put money into saudi arabia you would this would give you pause you would you would want to see how long is this going to last for and where are going to be the implications because what the who have done is not just inflict damage what they've done is symbolic is that they have told saudi arabia time and again and you heard from their statement as well that they've got a list of targets that they're going to be continuing their attacks they call this retaliation of the war which has no end in sight so this is

a perpetual problem which saudi arabia has not been able to engage away from what the who have been doing is that they have been showing the world that they can evolve with or without outside help they deny that iran is helping them a claim that has been insistently put upon them by saudi arabia so as an investor it looks like more and more complicated and that just adds on to the layers of complications because saudi aramco has never been transparent about any of its any of its operations of its finances so it is going to be very difficult for saudi arabia to put it on a world market and then again attract people for an evaluation which is how the crown prince put it at 2 trillion dollars the seller thanks very much indeed well as we mentioned such attacks are not new there have been other attacks in saudi oil facilities claimed by huth the rebels in recent months on august the 19th hoofy drones attack the oil and gas field the drones carried explosives and caused

a fire at a natural gas processing plant another drone attack on may the 14th so it is a 1200 kilometer pipeline for crude oil the saudi energy minister said the drones hit 2 pump stations causing minor damage and a fire or the who things claimed responsibility the wall street journal quoted u.s. officials saying the drones were fired from iraq ha somebody is a professor of international relations at the university of jordan that he thinks it's likely the saudis will use this attack to continue fighting the who things in the. well i think same old same old saudis actually attacking the who with the anyway they didn't wait for them for the hoody to do anything any damage in soldier arabia to justify what they have been doing in yemen over the last 4 years so i suggest i mean i think that the saudis would 1st of all you know focus a little bit on the damage that has been done to our own crew. by trying to present the whole thing as if it's

a terrorist group and this would probably help them project their what they've been doing in yemen as something legitimate especially given the international report about the violations and about the atrocities committed in yemen i think the saudis would continue to think that they've been doing over the last 4 years as bomb bomb bomb. african leaders a gathering of hadid soapy tribute to the former zimbabwe president robert mugabe he died last week in singapore aged 95 his burial will take place in about a month's time ofter a most ileum is built national heroes acre in hadi the toss is joining us live from hadi even the burial of robert mugabe was prone to some controversy what more do we know about the details of where i'm from that's going to happen the i wasn't the head to do that but it made it that needed to build the i am a because they

would have made the family if they had was 6 going to take i was even without the guy but i think if they did i'd rank likely have great weight i mean have the mental the make him look like the right now to them i would that make me do you know was like the guy have a point the white middle of the plate they can take me back again michel one who can take the right one because i didn't love it actually it was like man landed in attack and many have like it it's like it would be me and god like how we have you think more about the public hospital you know i'll get you think of the friend was caught he was it was a given that it had the outline of the hand down the was the what i like of the was that of nicole thank you the other one of them because people i'm not in a little bit of money that night and even then i'm going wonderfully i'm good at

making out really how to obviously we can hear the singing in the music behind you we're also seeing some pictures as we're talking of some of the african leaders arriving at the stadium what's going to be happening today. one of the memorial service and family heads of state and that whole behave as they like for the sake of the man couple big. all the president. while some of the the time for them to talk about look lovely was remember about the. good byes it's significant that they are here because even though. i. was a prosperous nation the people of africa in general of honduras i know how you love it was a legend it was a knife he liberated the bobby he had the white man the the tug like that at the end of high paid for by the right when you. were running away from

maturing. and most importantly when you see doc and there's a. very very bottom line he was brave enough to take that white minority and give it to. him and criticism from mainly western countries to look at south africa for example is the whole thing about logic without hard to say nothing really has the south africans their lives why they did it what chaotic it was while he was here and there but they say he was just that the people here they want to steal those phrases like one point of things even though the stadium is still very empty is not even ha. people are on the way. 4 before the common use number if these people don't they get the message that mugabe wasn't liked by everyone thanks our. leaders in west africa holding an emergency summit in the.