you know whether it was putting scorpions in a clay pot and tossing him at your enemy or taking bodies 3 people who had died from the plague and tossing them over city walls in medieval times poisoning water supplies these are all ancient techniques in biological warfare but it was only during the major wars of the last century where science started to harness to conduct this time. the real danger of the real threat since the beginning of the 20th century you're moving into bombs airplanes and the really and so of microbiology.

during the sino japanese war the japanese government engaged in a massive biological weapons program between 19401943 japan dropped hundreds of bombs infected with deadly germs on 11 chinese cities. as many as 200000 chinese citizens perished. they did initially the attacks on northern cities with plan to take and people did die and then later in the early part of the 1940 s. there were more aggressive attacks where they used anthrax planters colorado and other diseases. martin for months is a united states pathologist with an interest in medical history in 1998. a

colleague sent him a package containing autopsies performed on chinese victims years before i opened it up and they were page after page of these people murdered by biological weapons . it was the 1st time and one of the few times when i looking at it. i could feel palpable evil and there were. docked with them and discovered that some of the victims of japanese bombing had survived in 2000 to travel today if it is called make villages for the simple reason that people who were there in the summer of 1942 got rotten eggs when you interview these people you get a very similar story a lot of people started getting boils on their bodies throbbing thing it burst minute it loses pass and blood and continues to be horribly painful and essentially

never heal eventually doctor for months concluded that the villages was suffering from glenda's a disease that attacks horses and which for decades had been all but eliminated. the japanese had dropped bombs laden with this pathogen they spread colorado they spread typhoid fever is produced in theory they spread glanders the spread anthrax and they spread plague. especially doing a biological scorched earth. perhaps even more horrific than the dropping of germ bombs where the experiments carried out by unit 731. in manchuria. japanese sent out their secret police and rounded up troublemakers and they would end up at unit $731.00 as human guinea pigs and they would inoculate them with diseases to see how long they would. they would tie them to stakes and drop bombs

out of your planes to see how well the bombs spread the disease. there's always an aspect when you're dealing with biological weapons or chemical weapons some extent of extermination the way you would exterminate. after the end of the war japanese scientists who worked at unit 731 were granted amnesty by the united states in exchange for information on the biological weapons program the japanese who did bad science killed thousands of people doing it got off scot free and may ended up going back to the universities and became chairman of departments and became captains of industry and and. on happy lives. successive japanese governments have been extremely reluctant to take responsibility for atrocities committed during world war 2. all the

major powers have dabbled in the germ warfare but the british scientist did their grim work here in this research establishment they stored 50 kilograms of bacteriological agent enough to kill every living thing on a the british experimented with typhoid dysentery and cholera testing these pathogens on animals. if you're using a live agent test and this was done out in the ocean in many cases what you would do is tie animals on cages on deck and disperse the agent and see how well it would affect the animals and this was also done for example by the united kingdom with sheep being tested with anthrax on good island. world war 2 did not bring an end to biological weapons the cold war heated up providing another excuse to produce this deadly arsenal.

britain france and canada for example embarked on a program experimenting with many kinds of diseases. that awful it would be enough to. be a lethal dose of that was to kill something like 50000 people this bottle on the other hand contains a biological agent simulates if that were friends a set of cigarettes which causes the disease to remain there could be enough in that bottle to infect every man woman and child in the world. but it was the us biological weapons program that was the most dangerous 8 it was by far the largest and most ambitious 8 aggressor military leaders know of disadvantage chemical and biological agents cannot afford an early be detected by the human sensory or your rationality i think. the effect can be deadly to part of the state guard the experimenter's dangerous organisms are confined to safety cabinets. using

rubber gloves which are sealed to the cabinets scientists can handle deadly cultures and still be safe from infection. with the cold war the united states begins a biological weapons program which is twinned with the nuclear program i thought unicity of any potential agent is another important criteria. of course you're familiar with the pathogenicity of dr linus talks of a suspension of which is we're being tested by intraperitoneal injection of mike. many kinds of animals were used in us experiments mice rats rabbits guinea pigs and most especially monkeys the restraining boxes used to hold the monkey in position to receive the measured air assault. be on a horse and pass through a series of air locks and positioned in a sealed exposure chamber commensurate using monkeys who are the monkeys you want

but you still don't know at the end of the day whether to make a human sick how much will make a human sick how long the person will stay sick and so you need to have human subjects in order to proof test the weapon. we went through all kinds of room. lights we change our clothes in the scrub then we've got on the elevator and went up to a catwalk in each port hole they had a like a telephone booth and that's when you put into them they'd close the door and that's when we were hooked up to the tube. you can smell it taste it. if you 2nd so poor. ken jones was inhaling q. fever a bacterial infection which can result in hepatitis and pneumonia. he is a religious pacifist one of a 2000 conscientious objectors who volunteered for operation white coat.

you want to enforce where some $600.00 military and civilian scientists work together in research at the army biological laboratories to protect this country against a biological attack that is a silent assault by an invisible cloud that carries disease organism. there was testing on humans often done in a facility at fort dietrich known as the 8 ball which was in l.a. sion chamber where they could disperse aerosols in c. you know how much it takes to infect a human but they were given immediate medical treatment in to the best of my knowledge there were no fatalities. by code volunteers claim that the us government as she was then that all testing would be for defensive purposes only is making a vaccine to protect you. and make it

a hazmat suit to protect you a gas mask to protect you. lot of hospital procedure come from this operation. what was happening at fort dietrich was not only a defensive program but also an offensive program so. it was research that could be used for either purpose. here was here controversy about the white coat program there was a lot of heat about the biological weapons program there were ethical worries that is it do we really want to start a disease that might sweep the country. we just got rid of. any.

biological weapons that. president nixon had decided that given the success of hiroshima and nagasaki in ending world war 2 nuclear weapons with a supreme deterrent the us biological alsono was deemed unnecessary in 969 the united states halted offensive biological research and eventually destroyed all stockpiles the idea was that the nation state the us as a nation state didn't need it it had the clear weapons with which we could destroy large numbers of people quite nicely thank you. and that you know that possessing these things would just encourage other people to go. whitehall april 10th 972 a place from the time of real significance for the future of the world and the people in it in 1972103 nations including the united

states and the soviet union approved a convention for hitting the production of biological weapons. the treaty to which these nations have committed. bind them to stop making biological weapons and to destroy all existing stocks of those most of gusting means of math the good thing about the biological weapons convention is a stablish the norm and the stablished and or against. other people would do what other states would do and at least not that all. but critics felt the convention was all but useless it had no team it still has no inspection provisions in large part because even before any country put in on paper signing that treaty there was the prevailing concept that it was impossible it was unverifiable

the serviette union actually used the convention to embark on the largest and most destructive biological weapons program in the history of the world and soviet signing. the biological weapons convention while at the same time embarking on a huge ramp up of their biological weapons program. there are no words to describe just how heinous that type of a government policy is. to syria q new always believed that there was not rules behind these conventions and they believed the divas to. use the convention. and to develop biological weapons secretly

in spite of the commish. if they believed exactly the same. so the 2 could track each of the convention for $22.00 summers. in a senior scientist and an army colonel worked at version and in the our old sea it was here year after year that the soviet union tested weapons loaded with the most deadly diseases imaginable the political year is full of really serious and. we should be. doing it in the. area the. police or is listening to the want to there is still a war. there were serious be real to the case that year was global with a 1000000000. dollars it is terrible to google is what we all can witness. these. spores are the stuff of but really this ball is it really is

a war should you be. a russian chemical weapons center a chick county on the river it's suspected that chemical and biological weapons are still being developed at sites like this so western satellites have been watching for years. the soviet biological weapons program was roughly the same size as the nuclear weapons program and it was ultra secret very deeper than. so we're talking about roughly 50 facilities and upwards of 50000 scientists technicians that's a lot of technical talent put toward the development of these types of weapons begins to plants against animals against people.

but i think many of us were very surprised at the enormity of the soviet enterprise because i think until the end of the cold war we really didn't understand how big it was and they said this is officer who purpose of this we're going to make vaccines organisms for pesticide use and so on and that's what there's a what they call the legend system that is the real purpose and they became by far the biggest biological warfare program that the world has ever seen and probably the most sophisticated. to strengthen the good you have to show do good all the more with your gum still fight against corruption. dysphoric new chiro heroes like new who are about to

refuse to $15000000.00 brian the achievement of heroes like him to showcase by the international ace award it shines a light on these heroes because the best way to fight a dark used to shine a light let's make a rule to better plage nominate your anti corruption mirror now. this is a dialogue let you decide not to have children to save the planet it's what the stake is really human survival everyone has a voice but a start with our community because of course this is a debate and it's a heated one this is a little b.h. and literally be able to do a ph d. and i fully join the global conversation with people i think if only they knew what is happening to we were muslims they will be with us and they will be outraged on al-jazeera singapore is being accused of expanding its costar and illegally dredged satins some of the islands off the coast of indonesia literally vanished it's

a big business smuggling sample and they will take the say there until the sand is arthur you see this beautiful beach but behind it is something that's not so plentiful the tragedy is that people are just not aware and ecological investigation into a global emergency sound was at this time on al-jazeera. i'm sammy's a than in with a look at the headlines here now dizzier the largest climate change protest in history is under way demonstrators from more than 150 countries are joining a youth led strike calling for an end to fossil fuels it begins a weeklong worldwide campaign demanding great reaction from political leaders and

in the past hour germany's government has said it plans to commit 100000000000 euros to climate action. he's. doing something. very very very. very very simple. now the emir of qatar is in london he's been meeting with britain's prime minister a statement from downing street says shake to mean been. agreed the war in yemen must come to an end they also discussed recent attacks on oil facilities in saudi arabia they shared concern over iran's destabilizing behavior and agreed on the

importance of negotiations in deescalating regional tensions. footage of extensive damage at one of the. facilities attacked last weekend has been released the video shows parts of the. charred from saturday's strike yemen's who the rebels say they were behind the drone strikes. says it's removed more than 4 and a half 1000 political spam accounts being used to target qatar in a coordinated campaign they were operating out of the united arab emirates in egypt the news fake persona content critical of carter or promoting saudi arabia's government. also suspended the accounts of former saudi royal court advisor. has been implicated in the murder of washington post journalist. those are your headlines the news continues here in al-jazeera after man made invisible threats

stay with us. sagna been really is

a professor at george mason university and an expert on biological weapons she was born in tunisia and studied in france they had several people from teaching. to the western countries by antibiotics that were available at the time and these were used sent back to the former soviet union and used to develop pathogens that would be resistance resistant to those antibiotics some of the diseases which the soviet scientists experimented with have long threatened mankind lithuanian born raymond zilinskas is a former microbiologist and a director at the monterey institute of international studies nobody thought. anybody would be so irresponsible as to be working with smallpox. so there was another contagious from it spreads from person to person and it's very deadly in nature across and by 30 percent. but with

a weapon i was probably even stronger and that maybe 50 percent or even higher for so there was horrible and then the circle when i was really awful was a place where the marburg virus against which there is no vaccine no treatment it's about 80 percent solid and well. ironically it was soviet citizens themselves residents of the industrial city of faired lost who discovered how deadly their nation's bio weapons were in 1979 anthrax was accidentally released into the air and winds blowing southward towards the city carried the pathogens 60 people died. for 16 years sergey papa of worked as a scientist in soviet lib oratory is creating some of the most destructive weapons ever conceived by mankind after the collapse of the soviet union he immigrated to the united states. i clearly understood that it was.

there was no way around it because the system to gauge people led them wrong. that would be the record the k.g.b. record. or wherever you go. the idea was to set up an automated research facility to synthesize different viruses so it was a clear attempt. to take advantage of new approaches. and genetic engineering design new varieties of information so. when these agents are used people who get infected develop the symptoms of one piece is and when the physicians try to treat the start treating a person for that disease the treatment triggers the other agents which

eventually kills the the person as horrific as this program was unlike in the united states the soviet scientists did not test the disease on human beings but they did use animals extensively. a typical experiment in that when the guinea pigs lose control of their war by doing so they did not control the real him and that resulted him but alice is in those. experiments and mark is creative demonstrate. the weapons were very poor. for some of this there will be no protection it will become please collapse of the social life. of the society overall of the economic life

a devil opt aerosols fat to spread the bacteria or virus of the air make it airborne and therefore. increase the number of people that get infected the effects of a contagious biological attack could spread around the world literally. with the collapse of the soviet union in 1901 the new russian state simply couldn't afford to support a program that cost the country billions of dollars bio weapons research and production were shut down ultimately into it turned out to be everest of effort

money complete 1st for our sake a power bar was $1.00 of thousands of russian scientists who suddenly found themselves without a paycheck to obscure people who never established our careers you know in communication vis a vis economically she was just so it was very difficult to present ourselves you know as scientists and nobody would hire us. to know accomplishments in the biological weapon p.c. which so it was a kind of thought trap so the crowd most of the thousands of scientists involved in the bio weapons program remained in russia and tried to adapt to the new society dr popof managed to immigrate currently a researcher in biotechnology at george mason university. with the dismantling of the soviet program it was hoped that biological weapons would become obsolete this

was not the case for years it had been secretly stockpiling a deadly arsenal weapons they had produced themselves they had developed to really serious systems one was based on bombs. that had 3 different kinds of words one worse than tracks the 2nd was was but one talks and then a certain one was something called aflatoxin. so those were ready to go they were loaded they had about $200.00 of those $25.00 scud missiles with the same kind of words and they were ready to. well base sooner than on some of the things that were considered the classic agents in the major western soviet program like anthrax like clostridium bottom line but then they also did some unusual things why would one turn a disease that causes liver cancer. into

a weapon the results would have. been shocking. the go forward service so quickly the iraqis did not have a chance to use their deadly arsenal the united states was pretty clear in articulating their response options would be considered. used chemical or other weapons. and i think that caused some hesitation on his part after the gulf war ended it x. bio weapons program remained hidden until in 1995 united nations inspectors finally uncovered it the inspectors didn't let him get away with it if they had just thrown in the towel. it it's very troublesome to think about how that would

have changed the course of history in the middle east because iraq would have retained a super secret and the tinsley very potent category of weapons. it x. program illustrated vividly that it is conceivable that nations of all sizes could get their hands on bio weapons. secretive countries such as north korea are suspects and syria has actually admitted to stockpiling weapons of mass destruction including biological i think there are some states out there that are still in this nasty business so if you really want to knock out weapon why not go for the one that's comparatively a lot cheaper easier to develop technologically the one they're not looking for. a more with. russia and the united states both in says that they are not presently engaged in the research or production of offensive biological weapons

questions remain however i believe that the united states motives for the same is the united kingdom but we have very little information about russians a suit is still there for this zarif facility is russian and. indeed in the biological. research nobody ever different from those facilities but there was a lot of these. black books is. at present the concern is not so much about nation states using bio weapons as individuals especially those with scientific knowledge seth keris is a professor at the national defense university in washington he has written extensively on bioterrorism and bio crimes but one of the 'd the things that surprised me when i started digging into this was the number of people who used

biological agents of one kind or another for criminal purposes it's not long common today 'd to see people trying to get hold of toxins to users instruments of murder . in 983 on finesse it in oh we and nursing home manager was convicted of killing 22 patients by injecting them with curious it a muscle relaxing drug used by the holmes medical staff in prison he admitted to murdering many more people in the mid 960 s. mitsuru suzuki a japanese physician then bacteriologist handed out sponge cakes filled with salmon and dysentery bacteria to his colleagues he was eventually linked to an outbreak of typhoid fever and dysentery that sickened 200 people and killed 4. even more dangerous than vengeful individuals or groups bent on destruction.

for georgia man have been charged with conspiring to possess a destructive device one of the accused said there is no way for us but wish him and to save this country to see him georgia doing something highly illegal this wasn't just hong kong taken real steps toward iran carrying out their plans for the alleged plot involved explosions and a deadly biological toxin noticed there was like a little of the us have some other. bioterrorism is a real concern there are certain groups that are motivated and some of those groups are motivated might have a capabilities at some point there's probably going to be some of it some point we are going to have bio terrorist could be potentially serious according to al jazeera and many other reliable news sources al qaeda had progressed much further towards developing biological weapons before $911.00 then the world had realized

while there has not been a biological attack by this group so far it remains a real concern u.s. secretary of state hillary clinton in december 2011 warned that there is. evidence that al qaeda in yemen is hard at work developing weapons of mass destruction in particular biological pathogens. often called the brains behind a sama bin laden aiman also what is now likely to assume the leadership of the diffuse organization that is al qaida film together by al jazeera in the mountains along the afghan pakistan border on less described as bin laden's closest mental this was in 20032 years after 911 the concern about all of. us primarily from the fact that it's one of the few terrorist groups. has been interested in causing mass casualties and b.

has explicitly expressed interest that in fact us and try to put together a biological weapons program fact that so who is still their house that has to be concerned. paradoxically the danger of bioterrorism has increased with the revolution in the sciences that are prolonging and enhancing human lives as cures for cancer and other diseases a found the number of trained people who could use their knowledge for nefarious purposes has also grown without the big change has been that biotechnology has spread throughout the world and that means that all the equipment and supplies related to civilian peacefully directed by technologies out there are all over the

place. and that means that theoretically every buddy who's doing civilian biotechnology can do military but technology the fermenter does not know that it's from mounting bacillus thuringian says to become a fire pesticide or bacillus anthraces to become the biological weapon of the biological weapons system and that's compound good by the internet having become the world's shopping center. the number of people who know how to use the tools of biology and could simply do as has grown steadily so that millions of people are in that category now of thirst if i wanted to acquire a laboratory that would be potentially capable of producing. important quantities a biological agent i could buy that for not a whole lot of money in the end the reality is you could do that almost anywhere in

the world that. the al qaeda was buying its equipment in pakistan and had no trouble clipping. laboratory in afghanistan. you know the kinds of food from mentor to war laboratory equipment that you would need and you can buy pretty much anywhere there are producers about your land talks and then you can buy that already and lasts. most of those are in asia and from particular mainland china you know on the internet they say well we can provide any quantities you need i mean that's something completely new that you can buy the most toxic substance in the world over the internet is the 1st sign then the question is what about the what we call the known operators people now that are setting up molecular biology and editorials in their homes in their garages and or sellers or whatever and they're doing for the fun of

other they going to be able to create a pathogen and would one of them be crazy enough to want to do that yeah i would worry about that and. maybe one of the most troublesome aspects of the life science revolution is that the information emerging is available to everyone no matter what their motivation you know most of the science that you need to create a biological weapon is obtainable through open scientific literature that needs to exist in order to improve the world's health. since the 1990 s. no respect i just got behind the idea that all the biological literature should be online so your university undergraduate anywhere in europe has access to stuff behind pay walls their digital libraries and has access on an equal basis as a 16 year old kid from bangalore. nothing illustrates the dial

a number of readily available research more than the bird flu controversy in september 2011 a team of dutch and u.s. scientists announced that they had engineered a strain of h 5 n one that could spread among mammals and possibly humans it caused a world wide approach it's a real life trail that reads like science fiction a dutch scientist using u.s. government funding creates a deadly synthetic virus this super lethal bird flu physical model of an influenza virus of which bird flu is one inside our genes that change and it's within this heart that mutations happen previously thought and he thought it would take many mutations to bed for it to become airborne now we know it only takes 5 in february 2012 the world health organization convened a meeting of experts who concluded that the h 5 n one research should not only continue but also be published a tsunami of controversy descended. in order to defend ourselves against the

possibility. we need to do that kind of research but the question is still is it worth the risk and that's some people say you know the cost benefit on that the costs are too high because it could be released out of the laboratory and then it would really be how. and other ones to say no you know it's being done under under the highest security conditions and we're learning a lot from it so we are better prepared so make a choice but given that mother nature is the ultimate bioterrorist i think we have to push forward on the research i don't think we have a lot of a lot of options a small group of scientists. so-called community essentially created a weapon of mass destruction and they did so to make a political point that no public health resources and attention should be focused on this particular problem. the risk of publishing it wasn't just that some

malefactor is going to make this and let it loose you know because he thinks it will bring armageddon but that it will now spread to dozens of laboratories who make it and study it you know the risk is in a small number of years you know this will get out to a larger scientific community. to put it mildly let the rest of humanity down. the bird flu controversy highlights a difficult question facing the world's population what can we do to stop terrorists individuals or groups from creating and using biological weapons so far the global community has not come up with a planned response to this threat the u.s. government has spent billions of dollars developing vaccines against pathogens such as anthrax but many critics believe that io technology is changing so rapidly that

these will be rendered useless we don't have a medical corner measure for every possible disease especially with viruses so if a terrorist or one of those kinds of. we have a problem a certain possibility that we. have existing thank you for terrorists who were to. go there they're resistant to some of the more common and that we start it creates tremendous problems for us. it's not trivially simple to do but it's also rocket science i think expecting that there could be. a factor of control over all the components and all the materials and all the equipment that could be used to manufacture. i think this is a fantasy i still think that's possible for some effort is being made to put in

place global safeguards the manufacturers of synthetic d.n.a. for example in the united states europe and china have established guidelines regulating who would have detained this material but these are not industry wide and they are voluntary another strategy is for scientists to report any erratic behavior by. the f.b.i. supported by president obama would like. say more about what goes on in life science laboratories but united states scientists resist this they believe they can police their labs themselves filmed be convinced that the bridge elations in this field i important but the one to be sufficient. people take very seriously the possibility of biological weapon not dark but i see individual scientist has access to biological agents so brooke and this people see

in people next. to you is is very important probably the only way to really. to prevent some dangerous taking place ironically the best way to control biological terrorism may have to do with the weapons themselves to somebody if i some cells with a horrible disease i mean that their death is going to be hideous is going to be prolonged and horrible at least. it's a lot more romantic to go out with it with a glorious bank than it is with with a slow painful whimper and all of our rules and international conventions are designed by nations for nations but because of the internet that has been a quantum shift or because now we're dealing with individuals the concert comment or national routes you have a computer in

a city in every home how can you control it all so i think that's really the biggest bunch of control issues in their lives and the chemical and biological field right now. in the end scientific ethics and basic human good will may be the only deterrent to the proliferation of biological terrorism whether by countries groups or individuals. every year 50000000 tons of electronic waste is thrown away the majority is illegally dumped in developing countries right now electronic waste is the most traded out of this with retracing the tech through the criminal organizations making big profits and asking why the west is turning

a blind. eye on the trail. hello again welcome back to international weather forecast well things will hit quite nice here as we end the week for rio de janeiro as well as one is out as but in between we do have a frontal boundary and that's going to bring some showers here across parts of southern brazil but for rio your temperatures are going to be $29.00 with plenty of sun in the forecast across that front down here towards one is i guess it's going to be a little bit cooler but it's going to be dried going to be sunny at $1000.00 degrees

here on friday and going up to about $22.00 degrees by the time we get toward saturday well we are following hurricane jerry right now it is in the atlantic you can see the clouds right there it's going to be making its way towards the northwest now we don't think we're going to see any land interaction except for some of those feeder bands that come out of the storm could be affecting some of these islands right here so we are watching very carefully over the next you days for potential thunderstorms pushing through but as you can see it's going to stay well to the north east of the islands but the i was going to see plenty of rain over the next few days anywhere from vienna down here towards kingston center domingo as well as across much of central america as we go into the weekend well for texas the rain is going to be ending of course we're talking about a meld of the remnants of melbourne you can see the clouds right there we have seen widespread flooding across much of the area dallas it's going to be a rainy day for you at $32.00 degrees in a sunny day for lana at $28.00 degrees for you. the weather sponsored by catalona.

like cancer. and experience the world like never before. going places together. this is al jazeera. hello i'm sam is a than this is the news hour live from coming up in the next 60 minutes. of global view protest against climate change in the biggest demonstration of its

kind. a political firestorm ukraine is a center for whistle blowers complaints against the u.s. president. saudi arabia shows the extent of damage one of the all facilities from last week's attacks. and board japanese rugby fans are celebrating history. the 1st time house has seen their team in the opening match and the world. now the largest climate change protest in history is taking place all across the world people from more than 150 countries are joining a youth led global strike calling for an end to fossil fuels begins

a weeklong worldwide campaign on doing great to action on climate change while. washington d.c. students are gathering for a march to congress 16 year old grettir tombo the schoolgirl who inspired the strike while she's expected to lead the march taking place in nearby new york they are looking at latin america as a protest going on at the angel in mexico city where the day's 1st demonstrations though all began in thailand the philippines and in australia in bangkok protesters marched to the environment ministry in europe protests are taking a place from germany to the u.k. protests comes the same day as the government announced multi-billion dollar plan to tackle climate change the square in the egyptian capital well it's hosting

another gathering square was at the heart of them stray sions in 20112012 children have led a march in nairobi as protests take place right across the continent from mali to madagascar and students have been gathering outside the ministry of housing and urban affairs in new delhi protesting against unplanned construction is contributing to carbon emissions. these are doing justice to our planet so what. is close to. people because doing something without thinking about the more you god has in your mind as the goal of. the system is in bts through a very very very easy policy changes incentivize good be penalized but

it's really very simple. let's get the latest from dominic kane he's in berlin so what does a day of global action look like there. well the day of global action in a german sense many many thousands of people of all ages marching through the center of this the german capital all united by this idea of coming out under the umbrella of fridays for the future to demonstrate why they believe that there is no plan it be they say that it's important that government makes decisions now which can really help to to manage climate change to limit the damage certainly the slogans of placards that people were carrying making it very clear what they think that now is the time that something must be done certainly over the course of the last few hours mainly many thousands of people as i say marching through berlin through the big landmarks the brandenburg gate on today in linden the very large

avenue through the center of lots of people lots of demands and many people asking the question is the german government going to listen is the german government going to come up with something which will placate them but also which will will go towards reducing the impact of climate change in this country and the government grappling with climate change package once emerged at the end of all the grappling . well a lot of grappling let's be clear about it sami overnight through the night talks between the 2 elements of the grand coalition in this country the christian democrats of angle americal who is in the chancellor rhee who who as it were is in charge of this country and her social democrat partners and they were trying to find a way of getting closer to achieving a reduction in emissions which this country had to achieve by 2030 and so they say

they have managed to do that there will be a $100000000000.00 euro what they call in german cleanup package a climate package and that will be a scheme which will reduce will make it possible for firms in the building sector and also in the transport sector to acquire emission rights and they will also be perhaps rises in the cost of fuel for people driving cars and other other vehicles other diesel and petrol vehicles in this country the point that i'm going to america has been making in a news conference in the past few minutes is that a task which she referred to just last week is being perhaps her kilian to achieve this 20302030 emissions cycle she says now it may be more likely that we can get there she says that her government is going to revisit these targets every year between now and 2030 and that they may be the need for more tax hikes as it were between now and 2030 in order to get germany to achieving those targets right

dominic kane there from berlin thanks for that in south africa people marched towards parliamentary buildings in cape town it's a city you were just 2 years ago was it was in danger of running out for me the millet is there. thousands of protesters have marched to parliament on a demanding that the south african government do more to deal with climate change cape town is a city that was gripped by drop 2 years ago and on the verge of having its taps run dry people here say they don't want to face a catastrophe like that and now is the time to act they're also demanding that the government declare a national emergency they want to see the end of coal power stations they also want greater education for so africa's use to understand climate change more and know the place they have been acting against climate change many of the protesters are school children and people here say that there is only one pallets of corn sustain

the current system and it's up to the south african government to play its part when we have to live with myself knowing that i'm letting love into the people in the high institutions to take live my future and not fight for just say that you're going to live to 11 years and religion can really affect the group because the elders like there was the one who caused it so they do one cares which we as the you would have to execute earlier this years southern africa experienced one in its worst side loans ever countries like mozambique malawi and zimbabwe were affected by almost 1300 people were killed constance's says in south africa a facing rising sea levels right 2050 people here are saying they want climate justice now and they want to ensure there's a future for many of the young people attending this protest today. hundreds of thousands of people took to the streets demanding climate action in indonesia

a country rocked by multiple natural disasters this year mohammed has more from jakarta. it's a festive atmosphere here in the capital jakarta where around 400 students some as young as 10 years all the university students i demonstrate. for what they're calling climate action they want the government to enforce a climate emergency to deal with some of the issues that's currently facing the country much of this is a round at pollution they say they want clean air and blue skies now all of this comes off the back of all of the major forest fires that have happened here in indonesia for the last couple of months on the island of sumatra and on borneo and it's causing a very bad haze that's affecting the population here and also is crossing borders into malaysia and singapore many of the people here are saying that they want the government to take more action by imposing better law enforcement to deal with preventative measures to contain these fires and there is also investigations taking place around companies and individuals that have been looking that have

allegedly been burning out some of this land and so this is what they want they want the government to impose better regulation and try and stop these forest fires from posing bad air pollution in the capital as well. and i'll just series launching a new program dedicated entirely to the environment it's called planet s.o.s. here's the taste of what's to come up planets is feeling the heat of the climate an ecological emergency the world's leading scientists are warning of an existential crisis in the face of irreversible changes to the climate al-jazeera prinsloo a new weekly show climate s.o.s. will set out the facts on the science behind the issues affecting our planet's climate has so us at this time on al jazeera. plenty more still ahead on the news hour including hunting aliens u.s. police prepare for thousands of people to try and trust on the secrets of the tree base. and then sprawl the new york yankees clinch

a landmark victory action for major league baseball coming up. twitter says it's removed more than 4. a half 1000 political spam accounts being used to target carter in a coordinated campaign they were operating out of the united arab emirates and egypt and used fake personas to push content critical of carter while promoting saudi arabia's government to it has also suspended the account of former saudi royal court advisors over the danny he's been implicated in the murder of washington post journalist. yemen's houthi rebels have accused the saudi a morality led coalition of a dangerous escalation south of the coalition launch strikes in the country's main port city of the data against what it describes as legitimate military targets

a spokesman for the houthi says the action threatens a u.n. brokered cease fire in the red sea port the coalition says it destroyed 4 sites used to assemble remote control boats and seen mines extensive damage has been revealed that one of 2 saudi arabian oil facilities attacked last week new video shows parts of the forest processing site charred from saturday's strike the 2 attacks on state owned saudi aramco facilities knocked out half of the kingdom's oil output yemen's who the rebels say they were behind the drone strikes the u.s. and saudi have blamed iran top military advisers who ran supreme leader defended the attacks on saudi oil facilities at. york and move over libya liers with a retell atory operation yemenis in fact carried out a legitimate defeats of the selves they could.