section of reef suitable for diving. you can see something here all we got up to the civil. high return of the bottom 33 of the some interesting some interesting i have to do and die to. save time to prepare the dive for an early morning mission to the deep. with a new day will bring. al-jazeera of the coast to french guiana apple has banned an app for chill out protesters in hong kong to track movements of the police saying it helps uses evade law enforcement in fact in protests around the world demonstrations have been using increasingly innovative tactics to keep ahead of the authorities harnessing sophisticated hand signals to communicate in a crowd of people swapping train tickets bought with cash and changing what they're wearing to make themselves harder to identify the cloud based messaging app telegram is used to coordinate the rallies while apple ad drop as a way to anonymously pass on information including protests street maps in iraq

internet access has been blocked by the government officer szell media platforms like facebook and twitter we used to mobilize rallies and the mobile messaging service whatsapp was a key component for protest organizers in sudan earlier this year it led to a complete communications blackout by authorities as a way to prevent war demonstrations and dress folders author of the struggle for democracy in mainland china taiwan and hong kong and he's a senior fellow at the university of nottingham asia research institute and he joins us from then i thanks very much indeed for being with us so we heard there that the protests to tactics have been evolving especially in places like hong kong . in what ways was the most significant change you say for the protest of tactics. sure c in the 21st century political activists actually need to be quite skillful. so online they basically need to outsmart their oppressors by. mustering

very sophisticated communication technology to avoid state surveillance and it is of course on display in hong kong. and you mentioned telegram these kind of apps have been very useful but they've also used what are termed peer to peer mesh networking apps like fire chat where users can use bluetooth or you know short range y y 5 radios to a connect with one another and therefore become less reliant on the internet which of course can also be switched off by any given state. so on some of those you know so there's a similar social media element what about some of the more kind of you know old school methods like the laser pointers we just saw some pictures just now of those being used to illustrate how those were used and also the the umbrellas and that kind of thing. sure well but online protesters have to

outsmart the state but offline they basically have to outrun the police. quite literally and especially in hong kong they have used this the water approach which is named after the philosophy of bruce lee. suggesting that it's better to move in small groups which cannot easily be caught by the police where. direct civil disobedience actions can be decided on the spot. and where these protests this can literally disappear into thin air so for example yesterday in one child they were in a situation where they literally couldn't escape the police but then they disappeared and the police was quite surprised and what happened was that hong kong actually opened their doors to their apartments to their high rise buildings and so people up just fled that way into the alleyways into you know the rooftops and

so that if they did the police crackdown and we've just seen small pictures just now of the numbers being used to kind of block the facial recognition cameras and that sort of thing just just in general terms or how important is it for protests whether it's in hong kong or elsewhere to to keep being nonviolent does it stand do these chance of success if they remain nonviolent. well up to date research suggests that actually. chances are much higher saw erica chenoweth has suggested that nonviolent popular uprisings have a much higher chance than. a uprisings and it's also in a way common sense because the state can muster of course much more. police and military personnel and can inflict enormous violence on the population and it's never a good idea for even the oppressed to kind of

a use violence in return and to a certain extent you know we've seen of course really egregious examples of police brutality in hong kong but the front line is haven't really been injured as either . i'm actually quite critical of this collision of violence because it's quite unlikely that the protesters will be able to beat the police force at their game. thank you very much indeed for your analysis thank you. business.

business.

thank. you. welcome back to the khalif international stadium where it's been another golden night for britain that the world athletics championships catherine and johnson thomson to gold in the have tough line to claim her 1st world title she saw of her main rival and olympic champion nafi belgium by 304 points it's a biggest winning margin for 32 years there was a german success in the de-caf one nicholas cow taking gold with victory in the final event the 1500 meters it was an upset in the final of the women's 400 meters the limbic champion and favorite shannon miller we bow was beaten by bahrain's

a nasser her time of 48.14 seconds was the 3rd fastest in history and one final was decided in the field events china is gong at leisure hour defending her title and taking gold in the women's shot put with a throw of 19.55 metres the goal for johnson thompson sees great britain up to 4th on that's the medals table after day 7 china now have 3 golds at the championships one of the big surprises that these championships came in the men's 110 needers hurdles with 21 year old grant holloway taking gold has been speaking to our sports correspondent andy richardson. this was the 1st time i've ever really you know soaked it all in and tried that approach to it usually i would just pray and then you know i'll be nervous for the whole day but then you know talking with my inner circle and the team chaplain here for us it's the fish just wanted things it was

like no matter what happens when lose or draw you still got a god that's going to love you you know no matter if you have gold silver bronze or anything around your neck and it's just one of the cases you know i was at peace of myself and all i did was just go on one time and you know cross the finish line 1st units and professionally in june was it realistically a target few the start of the year it's a comes a time when a gold medal and it without a doubt that was definitely the case i think when we first 'd sat down when me not my coach my colleague we 1st sat down kind of mapped out what were the goals with a year and the goal was to weigh in doing out there into the relays and then you know to double back when the world championships and no doubt in my mind i knew i was fully capable of winning this this medal but it was just more so you know i just had to prepare mentally and physically and just get my mind right and you know believe in myself to just go out there execute the blocks down and just run run my

race look at you know high school and college create a very. good football player as well was it was always obvious to me that you were going to do the hurdles i think as i start to grow up and figure out who i was as a person i definitely see that track and field was was my route out you know my dad did 22 years in the military and that's what i wanted to do initially when i was growing up then i started playing sports and then you know figuring out football is like ok i want to go to college and when the heisman and then you know you start again those college offers and you start doing track and field and you're figuring out exactly what you want to do. and then from you know college i made a decision just to stick with track and you know that this isn't always in the back of my mind like i want to play football but you know at the end the day i feel like i made a good decision it worked out well now before these championships the i.w.a. af appointed its 1st ever female vice president and our strap only joined me in the

studio and i asked her about getting more women into sport across the board. well i do believe it is very important as it is in any kind of organization we need diversity we need women to be there speaking for other women and speaking for everybody else so i really believe that having a women in richness it gives richness to any organization but do you think the idea will lay out still has more to do what we do have more to do but things are changing i think sebastian coe had done a great job with allowing women and forcing it's a little bit for the women to be able to be allowed to get into senior positions so they've been working we have to stay working but the new constitution is going to make sure that women can reach those decisions something you sad when you were elected that was quite powerful i just want to get it right it's important that sport look like the world which is. while the world i mean that the world is at 505050 percent man and 50 percent women and i do believe that track and field on

the track we have to add $5050.00 almost but when you go to leadership in sports not only in track and field and in full ball in basketball in volleyball all this we're going to say should their male oriented much many men have those position their women so i would love to see more women in power positions in the sports are going to say shots of the world ok i want to ask you about caster semenya now she's not here to defend her 800 meter wall title do you have sympathy for her situation i do have sympathy percy to a show and i think it is very difficult for her by also have sympathy for the other women athletes it is difficult to compete against somebody that you know has some advantages so it's i think it's a very tough decision is a very difficult situation for both for her and for the other women and do you think bringing events like this to the middle east will encourage female participant still get into sports i hope so and that's what we're hoping we need to

go with a fed ex to countries where it isn't popular. i think one of the reasons they decided to do it here in in doha to show it to make people. more aware of track and field to get more public so i think it is it is a good idea to take track and field to take a medic's to come to sweat it isn't that popular. now way from the athletics manchester united's poor run of form continued in the europa league on thursday it failed to have a shot on target in a goal a straw at alkmaar amongst the other group stage winners were arsenal fame nor into an espanyol ireland have got their campaign back on track of the rugby world cup they bounce back from their surprise defeat to host japan with a bonus point victory over russia 5 tries for the irish 35 nil when the scoring rounded off by gary ringrose there is days other game. georgia.

and that is all your sport for now will have more from the national stadium later on but for now it's back to warren in london. thank you so much and don't forget you can always catch up with all the sports and of course or news on our website address at his al-jazeera dot com and also watch us live by clicking on the live like and that's it for me this news out of the back in a minute with another 4. al-jazeera world tells the dramatic story of the birth of a nation and how

a political agreement reached my fronts in tunisia would spark the baser a stiff us this god of the london see it remain the dutchman we will still look at rivalry conflict murda division. to have tunisia the battle for independence on al-jazeera. driven by outrage and spanning generations the rohinton demonstrators gathered on the very day a widely criticised repatriation agreement between the governments of bangladesh and me and more was to begin the anger was all too apparent and the fear was palpable if you don't like was so afraid that if they send one of us back to myanmar today tomorrow they'll send back 10 and the day after tomorrow they'll send back 2030 or if we were given citizenship in myanmar then there would be no need to take us back there we would go back on our own we must remember the rancho among the most

persecuted minorities in the world. planet to see the hint of the climate an ecological emergency the world's leading scientists are warning of an existential crisis in the face of it reversible changes to the why that i'll be with you throughout as well on vomit correspondent nic we'll have reports from the front lines of the crisis and showcase new solutions to help through al-jazeera brings you a new weekly climate s.o.s. what sets up the facts on the science behind the issues affecting our planet's. fish weight inquiry gathers steam in the u.s. president remains defiant calling on ukraine and china to investigate his election rival joe biden.

are in charge of his own jazeera live from london also coming up. dozens dead after 3 days of violent protests in iraq the government just calm and calls for dialogue. the emergency and all that could see face masks banned from pro-democracy demonstrations in hong kong. and any notion of a. the leaders of nigeria and south africa edge to work together to prevent xenophobia violence. in the u.s. leading democrats have accused president donald trump of breaching his oath of office by asking for need is to prove his political opponents earlier trump openly called on ukraine and china to investigate democratic election rival and former vice president joe biden a similar request made during a phone call with ukraine's president in july is already triggered an impeachment

inquiry in congress a white house correspondent kimberly hellcat has more. with his presidency caught up in an impeachment investigation over a phone call with the ukrainian leader u.s. president donald trump thursday called on china to get involved. is just about as bad as what happened with. you phrase the unconventional request to beijing comes as trump faces questions over is administration is requests to foreign governments to help investigate former u.s. vice president joe biden his potential democratic rival in next year's presidential contest. trump was chinese authorities and other countries to investigate biden's son hunter and his business dealings overseas members of the u.s. congress are investigating allegations trump abused his presidential powers in a july phone call with ukrainian president vladimir selenski we need for real

support in a trunk calls for an investigation into the biden's which is now the foundation of an impeachment inquiry led by democratic lawmakers on capitol hill 3 committees in the house of representatives on thursday question former u.s. special envoy kurt volker about his orders from trump regarding a meeting in kiev just one day after trump's infamous july phone call with ukraine's leader bowker's name is mentioned in the complaint provided to congress by an anonymous whistleblower and house speaker nancy pelosi says the impeachment inquiry is investigating whether trump implied he would withhold military aid to ukraine unless an investigation was launched against there is a quid pro quo if you're if you are only a couple days apart and granting or withholding and then asking for favors to create dirt on your political opponent but trump maintains there was nothing nefarious about his phone call with the ukrainian president the whistleblower never

says it was a conversation he got his information i guess sex or desert has the road to go we saw the pictures the former vice president argued there's no evidence that he or his son committed any wrongdoing. true george scares me not sure every. charge. is found to be flat out. still the number of trumpet ministration officials and snared in the impeachment inquiry continues to broaden vice president mike pence is now in the spotlight after reports that president trump tried to involve parents in efforts to pressure the ukrainian leader kimberley health at al-jazeera the white house.

iraq's prime minister is calling for calm after 3 days of anti-government protests have left at least 31 people dead adella do a lot he has asked protest as to speak to his office directly so that he can address their demands is also sacked more than a 1000 government employees in a crackdown on corruption and although the protests appear to be spontaneous and without clear leadership driven by common concerns as a chronic lack of basic services like electricity and water and in the 29000 budget only 8 percent has been allocated for education reconstruction and health sectors combined as compared to 14 percent on oil and 20 percent on security on top of that many people are struggling to find jobs 13 percent of all adults are unemployed but that goes up to more than a quarter for young people of working age and the issues are not just being felt in the capital the demonstrations are spread across several provinces most of the

deaths have been southern iraq in cities like nasiriyah and tamara imran khan reports. they defied the curfew imposed by iraq's security forces. and for not. following soldiers orders bullets were fired at the. anti government demonstrations in the capital baghdad for the past 3 days have also spread to other cities such as bus are necessary yet and. as the violence escalated security forces blocked major roads and the internet is also blocked in most parts to sever social media i protesters are demanding a change of government as well as more jobs less corruption and an end to religious discrimination you know i don't want. despite the curfew we are going out to call for our rights we want to change the vice dream thank you rested our people thank don thanks to our people they didn't even do to i say they beat them up and

humiliated them all 5 in live gunfire what did we do we suicide bombers we're here to call for our bikes. number of dead has risen steadily and over a 1000 have been injured since the defeat of ice or protest to say nothing has changed them despite the promises of politicians not just what yellow they even with a curfew i swear to god we will not retreat we're demanding a simplest rights the simplest rights to be honest for you know what we 2nd fights ourselves for our country to be sacrificed for iraq our people come out not for yourselves but for your children. iraqis are also unhappy with the abrupt dismissal of. the counterterrorism forces in the fight against i saw analysts say the government's reaction to the protests is a dangerous escalation iraq's fragile security relies on managing deep sectarian fault lines as well as a threat from the remnants of isolate ourselves and buck at the start if people are

being rolled the people are begging on the street there is no work you come to protest and they fire at you. iran has close to border crossings delaying plans by millions of iranian programs to visit iraq for a religious ritual iraq's u.s. allies and the united nations are appealing to iraq's government to exercise restraint. promised. and his year old government is facing its biggest challenge yet but it's unclear how he can still be out for revenge against his rule with no apparent leaders of the protesters to go shake with. iraq on a deserted baghdad. hong kong's leader kerry lamb is expected to enact an emergency law that would allow authorities to ban face masks at rallies pro-democracy protesters where the mosques to conceal their identities and shield themselves from tear gas will hold a special executive council meeting on friday to discuss the ban and other tough

measures under colonial or emergency law we want an 18 year old student shocked and injured by police during a protest has been charged with rioting and assaulting 2 offices sarah clarke has more from hong kong. the 18 year old high school student who was shot with a live bullet during tuesday's demonstrations by a police officer has now been charged with a number of offenses including rioting arson and assaulting a police officer that he wasn't able to appear in thursday's court hearing it was shot in court simply because he's still in hospital in stable condition he was one of the group of 7 cases that were heard at the shot in court but only 4 of those people were able to attend because of the injuries now a couple 100 people gathered at that court to show their support for the high school student who was shot because the police are still under pressure as to why they use live bullets during that demonstration and why they targeted the protesters chest now on friday the government is expected to announce a special meeting the executive council which is effectively the government's

cabinet will host this meeting and is expected to consider implementing a new anti mosque bill which simply bans the use of mosques being worn at these unlawful assemblies that are considered by the government not the strategy would be used by simply used to utilize through the emergency powers now the probation groups have already showed their support towards this particular act on this particular motion on friday kerry lamb is expected to hold that executive council made. and will make an announcement shortly after. jarius president. is on a 3 day visit to south africa following attacks on nigerians and other foreign businesses that last month there's never been violence but a major strain on relations between africa's 2 largest economies i mean to miller has more from pretoria. it's the 1st visit to south africa by a nigerian head of state in 6 years but the pomp and ceremony for their arrival of muhammadu buhari in pretoria maust underlying tensions following last month's

attacks in johannesburg on foreigners of various nationalities including nigerians the sub african government condemned the attacks and dispatched envoys to mend relations with countries whose citizens were attacked we have expressed deep regret at the end of the past few weeks that many 1st themselves who are turks. directed at foreign national. condemnation or or form or an. act of violence remains very very for. some africans who carried out the attacks blamed foreigners for taking their jobs being a drain on the poorly performing economy and drug dealing after nigerians were attacked $600.00 of them took up the government offer of a free flight home some businesses owned by south africans in nigeria suffered

retaliate she attacks both governments say they should never happen again we have the 3rd who are. concrete measures to prevent the ego couldn't of such an acceptable. in the future both governments a significant attention will be paid to the safety of citizens in each other's countries 64 percent of south africa's trade in west africa comes from nigeria and to many south africans businesses they suffered attacks in response to the xenophobic violence at home or those trade links so important to both the presidents want to ensure that their country's relations stay strong while here at the union buildings officials have managed to quell diplomatic tensions it's not certain if the same has been done amongst those affected by the violence for me to malaya al-jazeera pretoria south africa so to come this half hour u.k. prime minister boris johnson hangs hope on his new brakes

a plan that will be accepted by the e.u. . and a journey of discovery off the coast of french guiana a scientists go and search the pristine amazon reef.