the maid is away so often the carbon sucked in the fans it's piped underground of the going house and turns into veggies. plants absorb carbon so the greenhouse but it's the gas is fertilizer. since it started spraying crop production has increased by 10 percent. the quicker the process can turn a profit the more likely it is to spread round the world. even in frosty switzerland there's a real sense of urgency about limiting global warming. i came here for the mountains to climb to ski and in the alps you could see very early signs of climate change and of course clay shores are disappearing like we won't stop that if with and without climate change but the speed of disappearance is shocking.

patrick hofstetter from the world wildlife fund took us out to see the disappearing place in. the alps a bore me more than twice as fast as the rest of europe over some of it was unprecedented drought. yeah that's really special for us to farmers don't know to see a show yet. the grass stopped growing stage there is a shortage. they actually started to slaughter their cows much earlier. after this really dry summer i can feel the renewed sense of urgency especially all the calls to farmers now and really accept that they are directly affected by it. 3 hours from superrich we come to what used to be the start

of the giant motor rochdale i see. this all used to be thought of the track at 150 years place they came. all the way to. all the way to the station near. me since then it's retreated by 3 kilometers the other with factories and 600 metres of that in just the past decade . they're building this ancient place here is expected to disappear entirely within over time. so are all the places in switzerland receiving protections shared by end of the century most of them build disappear completely on the few will remain in the very top of mountains. the changing climate is already pushing the con of the. many ski fields are now bare

until after christmas. this is the situation we face is not going to last 10 years since i got laid translator they have to do a lot of establishing to prepare or drive down here or slopes. even at higher altitude ski resorts are laying giant insulation sheets over places to preserve snow. from may to october more or less they cover it like that and they remove it in october and start to ski again. they cover iglesias with blankets trying to stop the building while it's actually just slowing down the process so it's not a solution it's just to fight the symptoms of climate change. we have been doing to engineering now for many many decades in actually burning so much fossil fuel and altering. the climate by

a by human kind that we have to look now in a similar scaling to solutions to the problem. is we are here some believe the real added to climate change is 20 kilometers up there and our next stop will be scientists who don't want to put blankets on places they want to blanket the atmosphere. in the hallowed halls of harvard university researches i'm looking at just how practical and dangerous geo engineering they say here we have one of the big pieces of test equipment that we use to work in preparation for putting instruments into the stratosphere engineering professor frank is preparing for the 1st test mission later this year. ok and so we can put instruments into the vacuum turn and then we can simulate the stratospheric pressure so you have

a 20 kilometers. belt use a high altitude balloon to scatter the sun reflecting aerosols across the upper atmosphere. right now they're fine tuning equipment to measure the effect. without the spice race in a way it does on a much smaller scale. they fly up into the stratosphere high above us the white board theory is that tons of tiny sulfur particles delivered by specially modified planes would lower the earth's temperature would result in cooling the planet. it's what happened naturally in 991 after the philippines mount pinatubo but i know . and this gas then reacts in the stratosphere with accidents and turns off your acid for the. a few years after mount pinatubo the

temperature was noticeably lower and it cooled down the planet that was one effect but it got from what degree it was you know it was probably the range of about half a degree celsius. trouble is a quick fix like that could have side effects and what was also apparent after mount pinatubo and other volcanic eruption is that these particles in the end reduce the amount of ozone in the stratosphere so you know we've been trying to do a lot to actually fix the boat on land and here you now have the idea of introducing something that could destroy it again. and it's not just those risks the bank this project controversial it's the fear held by many of the scientists themselves but just the suggestion of a magic bullet gives governments an excuse to keep pumping up a missions. so good you've been running the numbers on this i mean is it

economically feasible part of the problem is just how much cheaper this geoengineering would be than switching to and you see if anything is too cheap economist durnovo there is the project's executive director it's so cheap that we're talking about single digit billions of dollars to potentially influence entire planet's climate and now if i was running a fossil fuel corporation abhi thinking great this can solve the problem and we can keep digging up coal and frankly that's the problem right so i guess you might consider that the vested interest not in fact be very interested in something like this as you know yet another excuse not to cut c 2 emissions. very often compare stratospheric drink to painkillers this does not fix the problem right it does nothing about c o 2 1st of all. we're just reducing symptoms and then human nature can kick in and say well you know it's hard to deal with changing the energy infrastructure which

is very true it's a huge problem so in the end any decision will always have to be based on imperfect knowledge do you ever feel like this is playing god. it is there's a huge amount of hubris in this idea of saying wow oh we've caused a problem let's fix the problem and i know how to do this we're going to do this and we know exactly what's going to happen to the whole planet yes it has a lot of that is actually quite unsettling and quite frankly makes me quite anxious . these can provide endless possibilities whatever geo engineering can achieve the i.p.c.c. says the most carbon intensive fuel should still be phased out by 2050 at our next stop we'll see how the industry is fighting back because the tools it's a mission to 40 percent. who said is a city built on carbon. mining fossil fuels is as much

a part of texan culture as raising cattle or boot scootin. but these days big energy is trying to sidestep demands to cut production. its response is a much touted technology to cut the carbon footprint. for today we're heading out to texas is the biggest pal plant it's a pioneer of what the industry likes to call playing call. this is paid for no. it's a coal fired generation with a $1000000000.00 absorption into our unit that last after the coal is fearne be a missions of pumps through it and solvent collects much of the c o 2 before it hits the atmosphere. it's early days to get excited.

the tower captures carbon from just one of the complexes 10 generating units. what's more it doesn't actually reduce emissions over all. the captured carbon is pumped in liquid form enjoy the oil field. they put c o 2 in the oil field and you get more oil out right as company spokesman david knox explains it breaks up stubborn deposits so they can extract more oil field. too has a tendency it bonds with oil and when it launched it makes it slippery or and when it's slippery or it comes off of the rock that last bit of oil in there but if you capturing c o 2 but to get more oil out to actually increasing the amount of c o 2 overall it would if we were increasing the amount of oil that's being used but we don't actually have any impact on the amount of oil it's being used the oil is the same amount being used we're just increasing the domestic production and we

don't have to import as much oil from foreign countries. the industry is looking at other options like superheating coal that still produces the shouldn't without coal still since. this unit and the small one in canada of the only ones in cold blood plants using carbon capture personally. there is such a thing as clean coal but it is only at these 2 you know. the economics are very challenging when will there be another one built i'm not good at predicting the future but we now know that we can build one on time on budget. the uncertainty hasn't stopped politicians insisting the industry is saying. we have and the war on beautiful will lean coal. even your global sometime consultant to begin to g.e.

is skeptical clean coal has been a rush for very many years it would be wonderful if you could actually have all the benefits of the cheapest fossil fuel and cut the carbon emissions but it turns out it's fairly expensive to do on the on the coal fired power plant that is actually takes out some of the energy that you would otherwise produce so it has real cost and of course you also have to store it securely and there's been a lots of conversations about that we've not really seen it right. and we certainly haven't seen it running cheaply so again it's one of the things that we should investigate but we're not ready to do it any time soon. back in copenhagen old me citizens continue to do their bit for the virus. dr long bull doubts his compadre it's whatever except the real cost of the bad thing fossil fuels. most people are not content to only be able to charge their

phones or have to have their t.v.'s running or indeed they're operating terrorists and and hospitals running when the sun is shining and when the sun is not shining the cost from solar panels is infinite and likewise with with wind turbines when the wind is not blowing. it's not true this idea that when the sun's not shining the wind's not blowing we're not getting that energy because when the sun is shining in the wind is going you can charge batteries and so the frontier is battery technology. no matter how fast the world switches to renewable energy. and tested high risk of geo engineering could soon be a bonus. we don't get there by go you're trolling for better or for worse geo engineering is part of the mix going forward because we cannot get to where we need to be by conservation alone. he could be the last throw the dice

to save the planet. after decades of governments ignoring dial warnings simply going green may not be countered by. chief travel office a photo opportunity for many. unclear profits for a few that is tourists flood europe's must see destination. tensions are rising. with local communities paying a heavy price for popularity people in power asks what are the true economic and environmental costs europe's tourism on 0. rewind

returns with a new series. and brand new updates on the best of out to series documentaries we're thinking. oh these young people all doing the. rewind continues with uncomfortably you know this is gaza central jail and this is the section where they're holding prisoners on drug charges users and dealers here there's 120 of them in 3 different cells on al jazeera. for the last 2 years the students have been collecting rubbish every day it's helped clean up the campus and helped build some of its facilities for every 2 kilo's of plastic waste they collect this school receives a brick made of plastic and cement. for some activists this may not be the most ecological way to eliminate the problems of plastic but this is seen as an

immediate solution to the growing problems of landfills across the country waste can now be used to manufacture building materials. on karlie the cost germany is heading for recession will on the local put aside their concerns about that to stimulate the economy farmers in brazil's amazon fear their livelihoods are under threat and the billions of dollars in black gold locked away in part to go here. counting the cost on al-jazeera. gunfire in baghdad just hours after the curfew was lifted at least $98.00 iraqis have been killed in anti-government protests.

follow from doha everyone on kimmel santa maria this is the world news from. protesters in hong kong just by a ban on wearing face masks as the city's rail system is shut down afterwards and. we'll obviously do all the things you are required to do by law the white house refuses to hand over documents to house democrats as part of their impeachment inquiry into the president. a century old festival returns to ethiopia's capital celebrations lead to feelings of more ethnic tension. so rocks government has announced a series of measures as it tries to quell days of violent protests at least 98 people have been killed including 5 who died in renewed fighting since the curfew

was lifted an emergency session of parliament in place take place but the speaker of parliament met some of the protesters who demanded all m.p.'s resign i didn't happen but he said the government would look to return displaced people to their homes to lend money to small businesses and to create jobs. loans will be given in the form of credits bankers it's be initiated for the purposes of establishing factories and providing equipment this will enable us to stay away from any corruption so facilities will not be given in cas loans yet will be created for the establishment of factories more from our correspondent imran khan in baghdad. one of the key things that was supposed to happen on saturday didn't actually take place iraq's parliament convened an emergency session however a number of political blocs 3 of them in fact decided that they weren't going to

come to that session because they say the government didn't have a clear enough agenda and they weren't able to discuss what the protesters wanted so they simply thought it was not worth turning up now the speaker of the parliament he's the one that convened the session mohammed al who boosie then gave a press conference but it wasn't like a press conference or the seen him give before it felt much more like a campaign rally in this press conference he promised the iraqi people more jobs he said he would put money into the agricultural sector he would give loans to small businesses he would really boost the economy it felt like he was maneuvering him selfe into an election that may well come there's a big political crisis brewing here and a lot of pressure on the government of other mahdi in the last 24 hours we've heard from our saw that he's one of the most influential shia clerics in the country and he has said there needs to be a new election and this government needs to be dissolved also we've heard from the

former prime minister high there on the body who said much the same thing so there's a lot of pressure on the government right now and a lot of the opposition parties in a lot of their religious parties are clearly taking a look at the protest movement they feel like it's not going away in fact it might actually be building into something bigger and so they're using language now that they hope will appease the protesters and bring them on their side whether that happens or not remains to be seen a lot of the anger the protestors have isn't towards this government or previous government it's towards the system that they say is inherently corrupt and stops development they say the jobs that they're demanding the economic change that they're demanding won't happen overnight there needs to be a system in place that leads to that whether that system in place can be done by the politicians who are part the previous governments who have been part of this government remains to be seen the protests that simply don't have enough faith in

the political system itself. other news in has been more protests in hong kong on saturday but smaller than in recent days hundreds of people are demonstrating against a ban on face masks despite their march being canceled by the organizers called off after hong kong's rail network is closed because of what authorities called a malicious vandalism that was on friday when crowds set fire to the metro stations during rallies against the back. to carry law as promised now to crack down on the recent violence. and why. the right is extreme x. made hong kong enjoy a dark day last night it is made hong kong paralyzed everyone is worried anxious and even scared the hong kong government has the greatest determination to suppress violence i appeal to everyone to support the government to stop violence in a legal way. we've also heard from the un's high commissioner for human rights who has condemned the rising violence in hong kong we have troubled by the high levels

of bias associated with some people stray showers that have been taking place in in in the past days and also alarmed by the injuries to the police and protesters in crew journalists and protesters. shot by law officers and i strongly condemn all acts of violence and from all sides and i call on all those responding to them astray ssion and those in gaijin they were brought this to do so in a peaceful and non violent way. let's wrap it all together now what's gone time he's in hong kong. a march and some sporadic protests here in hong kong on saturday much less than what we've seen over the last 48 hours and much less than we've seen in previous weekends and peaceful for the most part on saturday that's what we saw a very different picture on friday night and part of the violence that took place on friday night after this mass ban was announced where the m.t.r. train systems they were shut down and that really kind of crippled this city what's in-sync through the malls most major malls will close as you can see small shops

also shuttered that because they anticipated there to be violence on saturday but it didn't materialize because protest leaders canceled all the events also on saturday kerry lamb the chief executive of hong kong issued a video statement where she looked at the violence on friday night as justification for this mass then she also said it was a very dark day here in hong kong protest leaders when they said things were going to be canceled on saturday pointed to sunday it's going to be a big day they hope they're planning a rally and a march that they say hopefully we peacefully but will be have very large numbers compared to what we've seen over the last couple of days but obviously the police with this new law emergency law in place they will be looking to crack down on any illegal activity the united states has warned turkey against any illegal drilling in the east mediterranean sea secretary say it might pump am at the comments of the visit to greece where he signed a new defense agreement a deal which would see an american base established near the turkish border

tensions been building between athens and i'm korea of the rights to gas exploration in the mediterranean the united states is eager to go our partnership with greece on a range of energy issues for the sake of your prosperity and a stable eastern mediterranean region. last march i met with the leaders of cyprus greece and israel in jerusalem we free countries with free markets want to achieve energy security together we want to make sure that rules govern international exploration of the mediterranean seas energy resources and that no country can hold europe hostage more on this one which in athens. the u.s. presence in athens really signals to things renewed corporation in military affairs and also support in energy masses in the military the u.s. is opening the door not only for an open ended relationship with greece that does not need annual ratification by parliament as it has done since 19 since 2000

but also a willingness on the part of the us to invest u.s. treasure in greek military infrastructure from the island of crete in the south to the north eastern city of alexandria paly right next to the turkish border where the u.s. hopes establish a naval and air force space through which to supply nato allies belgariad and romania that essentially replaces the route that the us has been using so far through the bosphorus and the black sea which is controlled by turkey and the us is the us clearly signaling to turkey that it is creating alternatives where it can to its dependence on its relationship with turkey the 2nd leg of the support being offered here today is on energy where secretary pump unequivocal support to greece's position and to cyprus position on turkish drilling in war says

that cyprus has marked out has demarcated with its neighbors in accordance with the international law of the sea as belonging to its exclusive economic zone and while in greece pompei also addressed the impeachment inquiry into the us president the secretary of state says his department has responded to a subpoena request demanding state department documents information he is refusing to provide. state department sent a letter last night. to congress. which is our initial response to the document request we'll obviously do all the things we're required to do by law. i was a member of congress wants article one has a certain set hours in article 2 as an obligation to make sure that we protect officials at the state department at least 10 people have been injured in a grenade attack in indiana and minutes to kashmir it happened near a government office in the city. a police officer in

a journalist are among those hurt and separatist fighters are being blamed and people in pakistani administered kashmir marking 2 months since india ended the special status of the pot in delhi and ministers hundreds of people are marching toward the line of control which separates the 2 countries indian administered kashmir has been under a complete lockdown and local politicians have been arrested. has moved from the capital of pakistani administered kashmir. the jumbo crush me liberation front is marching with thousands over support. the line of control this is one of the largest organization of the kashmiri movement and 1994 yards in my leg the leader of the organization declared an indefinite cease fire after a judge had become a political movement the government of course regime trying to stop these people

from crossing the line of control because of the african change that the indian forces may open fire on these people so the pakistani prime minister had also requested that j.k.r. left another question media groups shortish train because otherwise they said this may play into the hands of the indians but as you can see emotions are running high it is also concern for their leader yasin my leg always said to be in very for health he has been arrested by the end they're not going to be along with all of the media lead us now that. should be understood as wang full freedom votes from pakistan and india. because of the i think every human being has the right to freedom but unfortunately both india and pakistan the treating us as slaves we want an independent kashmir and we want freedom from both countries we very much concerned about our brothers and sisters on the of the side of the line of control before we all get freedom more my wanted the united nations the biggest

institution of the 21st century has failed in providing justice for the people of kashmir.