beginning with the giants of the struggle for civil rights the method of nonviolent resistance evolved over the available who oppress people have a look again and continue to keep the negroes to be defense that what you mean by thought about malcolm x. and martin luther king face to face down on to see of. the full of the berlin wall just over 30 years ago came amidst sweeping changes to end the cold war and see the downfall of authoritarian communist regimes across the street the 3 decades on the pro-democracy optimism of those days has turned sour replaced by rising seas and a phobia and populist nationalism in countries once helped me one day i heard so what went wrong in the 1st of 2 special reports we've been to germany to find out.

the berlin wall was the most potent symbol of the division between east and west during the cold war. its demise towards the end of 1909 brought hope to millions most in the germany but through and through world. survive in 500 leaves a void that's here for us and not but 30 years own things haven't turned out quite as expected. fascism and racism have come back with a vengeance it seems that say no full week at the tools are always there. people just didn't dare to express that the rise of germany's far right has been marked by

hate crime and even politically motivated assassinations. is a big challenge for democracy because germany is a place where we thought that never could happen again. in the aftermath of world war 2 germany like the continent of europe was divided by the victors between puppet dictatorships under the communist yoke and western leaning democracies. berland soon became the epicenter of the cold war also divided between the free world and communism. a city of intrigue and espionage in the heart of east germany then as the german democratic republic or g.d.r. . left in the silk or term and democratic republic was life in a dictatorship that means from the cradle to the grave life was organized and

didn't mind by the state as the harsh reality of life under the communists sank in more and more east berlin is headed west to stop this exodus the east german dictatorship began constructing the burden wall. families were divided lives torn apart east berlin became a prison but it didn't deter people from trying to escape and many were killed. horsemen director was one man he managed to escape east germany and become a west german citizen. incredibly he returned to east berlin and smuggled people out to the g.d. or in the boot of his car if. you must know the mike the microphone the stick the pipe. he was risking his life. for supper

was affordable to. the lot we also heard. housemates was eventually caught and sentenced to 15 years police he survived to tell the tale many didn't. so why did so many people feel it was worth taking the risk. while west germany mated ahead to become the industrial power survey europe. under party leader erich honecker the dictatorship of the g.d. or became world leaders in something altogether more sinister mass surveillance. east germany's state security the store see where the most insidious secret police in history. this is the stars he archive files were kept on everyone a colossal database to control the population in 989990 when we started our work

there was a total of around 111 kilometers of file for us photographed thousands of audio and video files on a smaller left over amount of data project what was the study looking for i was looking for your personal expression to lead your life in a way that would ultimately confront the way the party wanted you to live east germany was a military state. as well as a quarter of a 1000000 russian troops there were whole familial east german soldiers. but it was the story that people feared most the star they had about 91000. staffers official employees and about double the amount 180000 informants. in other words worn in every 50 people looking for dissenters who if course were incarcerated in a network of prisons but for most people the entire country was

a kind of prison. as time progressed the story develops new techniques to deal with troublemakers the strategy of demolition of personality this is the strategy of that song was sort of a silent a way of killing people of getting to the bottom of who they were finding out every little detail about what the likes and dislikes a person was and their insecurities and attack them where they are in their personality could be hit and through that trying to destroy the person who wants such a person who's fear of being spoiled who organized pro-democracy protests in the mines you know she was arrested and taken to haunch and hides in the most infamous story prison in the heart of east berlin this. prison was a very special prison because it was isolation and prisoner and. no prisoner ever saw another prisoner never heard another prisoner never met another prisoner was

totally still. and you've been alone in your cell yourself no really windows but. and a very small gap for fresh air saw you said like in a cage. and the only contact you head towards the gate or that's why they organized the whole prison as an isolation imprisonment because they have been very good psychologists and they knew a person who was held under conditions not able to meet other human beings not to speak with other new human beings never hear human voices then he will speak with the 1st human being he's able to speak with even if it is the. other methods of persuasion and punishment were less subtle. this is the basement section of hunching hassen known as the boat where water torture was deployed.

to break lang's felt the authorities expelled from the homeland. on one level links fold was lucky she was able to keep her children but under a policy introduced by model of hanukah education minister and wife of the east german dictator erik hanukah the state routinely took children from politically undesirable parents. it's why such talent as this. slack was called while trying to escape with his pregnant wife and was jailed. when his wife gave birth the child was taken for a forced adoption. it took like 29 years to find his son. other parents have also tracked down the children but it's impossible to make

a time when he often in high mention any less money. to meet us as i do or take him on a honda a bus to make is. clean. continue searching on behalf of others his organization called stolen children has more than 7800 members 30600. was last seen in the middle. of the stolen children perhaps the most poignant chapter in the 45 years story of the g.d. on a. small wonder people greeted the fall of the berlin wall with euphoria .

but things didn't pan out quite as expected. while the hanukkah's escaped justice in south america on exorbitant state pensions the vast majority of east germans were in for a nasty culture shock. mentality it and also the best they could invest in it invest been on the orienteering and i may have a car and laws the only. ones there is of it on your own. and i have always spit on does it these are quick to wonder what on. things began to fall to the own within months the east german mall chris replaced by the west german mark nearly 17000000 east germans had just 6 days to convert hard cash

to lose it. unemployment sort and with it and rest. assured it will send them mention in the. follow on feel all stored. food unsurprisingly many east germans headed west. highly qualified engineers or people who have a qualification medical doctors for example could simply by moving to the west without any further problems trickle their salary and that led to an exodus of about 2000000 people. as a consequence even today east germany is littered with coast communities deserted villages and home of empty times. the former mining community of over

a large city is typical. just 15 people live in. the village was sold last year for $140000.00 euros. the new owner said he had plans to turn the village into an inventor's community but the inhabitants are skeptical. of it due to home. i think. if. there is a feeling for it since reunification these places have simply being left to die. you know there is little evidence of the trillion or so euros that poured into the former g.d.r. from its western counterpart which was focused mostly on more just cities. it's your all that you invest in urban area has about twice the return of e.g. or that you invest in a royer so if you would think about this from the perspective of the taxpayer that

has the farm bill it is clearly a better investment to strengthen the cities then tried to. develop something where their system for nothing that. even the urban centers have problems poised for 100 miles south of the is an archetype of east german town made up of soviet era high rise blocks many of which now lie health empty. it's hard to believe it was once a boom time supplying the workforce for the nearby lignite mines it had the highest birth rate in the g.d.r. but 40 percent of its $70000.00 strong population have left since reunification. congregations of the town's church all but dried up. enough that end of the pollen can just the. opposite believe ours or and when i saw.

you know steve you know when his replacement up on color or dimension must mean the hobbit of the best and seen. venus the could this now spoken these are country for months on. in a blink an on the harm tired out boys i am. the tufts more they're. opting for the storm and also. the still reverberating aftershocks of this earthquake have led to growing disillusionment with democracy android's he's an associate imports of eastern germany although less than 20 percent of the population now lives the region accounts for more than 50 percent of recorded hate crimes and. the cut off.

noir or and. i need orden finished by a long time it always been an interesting since reunification the east german states of saxony into wrong there giving birth to oppressor of neo nazi and xenophobia organizations such as patriotic europeans against the islamification of the west known as piggy to which was founded interest and in 2014. the group initiated what it called evening strolls weekly demonstrations interest and which have sometimes turned 5 and. it seems that stayed on for week attitudes and systematic attitudes were always there. people just didn't dare to express them. either have led to the situation in which people feel empowered to. say things that they otherwise or 10

years ago would have never said in public or in on the web. feel ready burgeoning for right received a major boost in the summer of 2015 when the refugee crisis began to affect your. uniquely among e.u. leaders german chancellor angela merkel. humane stance allowing roughly a 1000000 refugees into germany. because that's good off just below shorts and. a can. indeed there is. perhaps unsurprisingly this policy helps propel the fall right authority will turn into for germany or 50 into the blunder stalled 2 years ago with a stunning 12.5 percent of the national verdict. last october in the region of the

directions they did even better beyond hanukkah party leader for the state of taronga took 23 percent. you know no wonder then you want to get by to vote on thoughts but i'm trying not to. look at is fond of using mole to return a minority like for contentious german word for what role to them people as hitler did. the same. thought and so. i think i have a different opinion then mr. i think certainly the my creation price is. a potential danger for our country if we are looking for instance to follow the core focus i think it's necessary that you might mention these things

just to trigger a discussion. is arguably the most controversial political figure in germany in decades and some of the even make comparisons with i told him you're so fast. when i think of him it's like wow how can people still vote for this party if you see this figure and. they asked. thing where they are thought like it was a matter of time and matter is just one of many who see parallels emerging between the rise of the 4 rights now and what happened in the 1930 s. . east germany has struggled to come to terms with its past. this is billions memorial to the murdered jews of europe. in memory of the jewish victims of the holocaust built 60 years after the 2nd world

war. 2 words absent from the memorials title holocaust and she said no reference is made to germany or the 3rd reich and a mission which some people find curious. non the less it's an impressive structure covering some $4.00 acres just south of the brandenburg gate. called holocaust memorial that we have a. memorial of shame but not in terms of the shame of our history but in terms of the shame that it exists it should be there he called for revolution of our commemoration practice off $180.00 degrees in our transit. nonsense because also you can try to around the holocaust degrees it's still the holocaust. fear that belongs to the os collective political beauty with its trademark camouflage face

paint. the group which lampoons racists took issue with hookers comments even said hitler is not just black and white. it's all he's not just evil basically philip and his colleagues decided to reconstruct a miniature whole course memorial in hooker's village to constantly remind the politician of what hitler did. ok as house overlooks the memorial. we thought that our obligation is somehow not just to have the memorials in the center like it billy but also tease me moreas have to go where it's urgent and indeed the situation is urgent in october 2019 the east german city of harlow was person to look after a double murder outside a synagogue the latest hate crime committed by near nazis eventually course the far

right extremist awaits trial we're not surprised at all as a howler there's a big center of neo nazi activity. and there are a lot of people and very radicalized people so. it was not right with just chucking. despite rising tensions and increasing anti semitism there was no police protection at the synagogue many observers have drawn a link between these racist attacks and rhetoric. i could say sions the party tonight. this is a tech take by the other parties chests everything which is happening and you can say right we yeah then they are trying to put us to do to bring it in connection with the f.t. . in the time of course the harbor killings are particularly worrying.

for a man is just one of several east german politicians who've received death threats from for writing streaming at the. time didn't. as if you live. comms and you were just normal a moslem done. with the tensions rising in the time following a number of incidents involving refugees appealed for calm then he began to receive threatening emails. in a familiar though the sender of the death threat was caught the police then released him citing freedom of expression. in june 2900 luke a prominent politician in the state of hesse. perceived as too pro refugee he was

shot in the head by a neo nazi loop had also received death threats. according to germany's foreign minister hiker mass there are 12 photos and dangerous near north seas in the country against this backdrop the f.t. goes from strength to strength and the after is the 2nd strongest party in the east and the 3rd strongest party on national level of all parties in germany one more to remediate to see that our strategy is wrong the strategy is 100 percent appeasement policy and then we need something completely different. perhaps even more worrying is the fact that germany is in many ways a microcosm for the region. as we will discover in the next episode these problems are being repeated elsewhere in eastern europe and on a bigger scale. 30 years after the fall of the berlin wall

whole regions have become abandoned caught up on the ballot a billionth of a 3rd if we don't tell a double step here we'll get out there from one end that blair well hold on the line there not doubt that. one ruble minorities find themselves under attack from nationalist governments this is the kind of extremist racist sentiment that we didn't see in this country for many many years and perhaps most shocking of all many of those guilty of hate crimes during communism have continued to prosper they transform from the social democrats and they said now everything is ok we have democracy but in fact it was just the fake democracy. the hope and optimism that greeted the fall. all the time when anything looks possible seems like a lost opportunity as the continent veers into an uncertain and dangerous future.

the fall of the burning inspired utopian dreams of peace and democracy but how many came to pass they transformed from communist the social democrats but it was a fake democracy people in power travels from the former eastern bloc to was quite post cold war optimism to succumb to darker more authoritarian realities the police called a couple who brought a bomb to the lodge and they were ready to detonate it beyond the war part 2 on al jazeera when the news breaks today the current government has lost the trust of the people they can't do anything because the protestors are against it when people to

places like work will represent the lofty goals for opponents of brecht's it's drawing from the conservatives al-jazeera has teams on the ground it now hopes that meeting in paris will push politicians to create a competent and credible government to bring the moon blue documentaries and life on air and online 3 years after cholera was discovered in haiti this is just one example of how the death toll from this epidemic could be much higher than anyone knows and al jazeera investigation into who should be held responsible travel to the united nations headquarters in new york. we spotted the secretary general again in this room we're going to try to catch mentality that has justice now been served for the victims freewinds haiti in a time of cholera on al-jazeera. his new tour is the creation fake passports that heresies be. one of many speaks to the future if you will

deal with the secrets of the strike. the the all. hello again i'm. with the top stories on al-jazeera a government source has told al jazeera that the death toll from thursday's attack on an army base in asia has now risen to at least $89.00 as happened. in the west of the country last month another attack killed $71.00 soldier says borders with mali and begin a faster no one has claimed responsibility for this latest attack in the sahara region libyan warlord khalifa haftar has agreed to a cease fire that's taking effect in libya that's despite previously refusing to order his forces to put down the move had.