to 0. 0. 00. 0. i'm stan grant in the top stories on al-jazeera greece is calling for a cease fire in libya war to leave the half there is in athens for talks ahead of a conference in berlin on sunday have to us forces have been fighting the internationally recognized government in tripoli johnson has more from athens general have to visit to greece is a surprise move but very gratifying to the greek side which was pointed li excluded from the libyan peace talks in berlin this week and the greek side is deeply aggrieved by this because it has a stated interest in the outcome of those talks greece has said that it demands as an element of any libya solution the scrapping of the deal but the libyan government in tripoli signed with turkey last november whereby they demarcated

a corridor of water across the mediterranean sea as their maritime jurisdiction but that infringes upon areas that the greeks also claim is their maritime jurisdiction and the issue is very heated because both the greeks and the turks plan to explore for undersea oil and gas in these areas which are enormous thousands of square kilometers of mediterranean sea the greeks have not been invited to berlin precisely because of this reason because they have a particular interest in the outcome but that is in congress is what the european union said last december that's when europe sided with greece to say that the agreement between libya and turkey is illegal it produces no legal consequences for the greeks in other words it doesn't it's not binding legally upon the greeks and that it should be scrapped on the contrary the e.u. believes that that agreement creates insecurities and instability in the eastern

mediterranean but clearly there are limits to european solidarity with greece as we're seeing in this weekend's talks so it is going to be interesting to see what general have to agrees with the greeks on his way to poland. presumably his aim is to carry at least a part of the greek message the greek does to that peace conference. the us military has admitted that some of its soldiers were injured in the iranian attack in iraq earlier this month washington had initially denied anyone was hurt the missiles targeted the military base north of baghdad they were launched battell the ocean to the assassination of iranian military command customs all the money thousands are rallying across iraq after friday prayers the begin new prime minister and economic reforms they also want an end to foreign interference following the crisis between iran and the united states iran's supreme leader has delivered his 1st friday sermon in 8 years. in a threatened u.s.

forces in the region and beyond he also said european nations can't be trusted after they formally challenge iran for pulling back on its commitments to the 2015 nuclear deal. germany france and the government of the u.k. we responded to the after the us withdrawal from. i don't trust them. these countries want to bring the iranian nation. the us which is you couldn't do anything. deceitful in the negotiations with us steel hand in a velvet glove they can't be trusted we have no problem with talks but not with the . afghan government has rejected a. president called negotiations dead in september the taliban wants foreign troops to withdraw while the us wants security guarantees china's economic growth

has slowed to an almost 3 decades low its g.d.p. grew by just 6 point one percent in 2019 as the lowest since 9900 but within the government's target the world's 2nd largest economy has been stifled by the ongoing trade war with the u.s. meanwhile china's president is making his 1st visit to me and ping is expected to sign a $1300000000.00 deal to build a port. that's with. the specter of carrying out a genocidal campaign against the rohingya that forced more than 7 100000 people to flee to neighboring bangladesh in 2017 those are the headlines the news continues here on al-jazeera after face to face.

i would also like to take this opportunity. the power of your late my comp or a lot of. paper than ever cover of the book here had the car to. go at mc. and that terrible wrong at the current to our country and. through the imposition of the system of about. december 1993 the packed house and on to city home owners nelson mandela the hero of the anti-apartheid struggle and frederick the clown the last white president of south africa i've years ago. if i would have seriously question the sanity of anyone who would have predicted that most of the monday i would be joining the disappearance of the 99 if i will.

of us. before you today behind the coty in school choose the 2 leaders i rode olds and the tension in the country is at its highest. will i'm living the opponents. we disagree strongly all issues and we will soon fight the strenuous election that lean against one of them. standing in the cement the spro quest which will make. all the 3000 people have died in political violence. since the beginning of this year mandela and declare parkins as much as one of the 2 characters representing a cruising campus engaged in unwilling to move to solutions of political and personal doom that was poised to put an end to one of the most racist when the

products. 7 kilometers west of cape town nelson mandela was a prisoner for 18 years raised in a village in eastern south africa he founded the 1st black law from in the country appalled by the treatment of blacks and people of color he created the armed wing of the african national congress to fight against the apartheid regime that i many people feel that it is useless and for the future for us to continue talking peace

and nonviolence against the government was a block is only a savage attacks. under defenseless people. in 1962 mandela was arrested 2 years later he and his fellow accused were sentenced to life imprisonment for sabotage and conspiracy he was 46 years old. during his incarceration and social unrest spread and intensified among the black people who represented almost 3 quarters of the population in the state who responded with increasingly savage repression. in the 1980 s. the country was subjected to the iron fist leadership of peter both or head of the national party regarded as a hard liner he was nonetheless aware that profound change was inevitable among his most influential ministers was frederick vellum declare an ambitious afrikaner who

entered politics in 1971 f. w. as everyone called him came from an influential conservative family. one must remember that his father had been a very senior national party politician and been president of the senate his uncle have been prime minister so he was deeply. involved in the whole growth and development of the national party mr de klerk was perceived to be on the conservative side that he was predicting what group rights as it was call but i think to his credit almost always say that he was never in favor of a security solution for the country never. in 71 i still embraced the concept of separateness which i believed

idealistic could bring justice in the early eighty's. i came to the conclusion and not only me many of my colleagues around me that the concept of separateness is just institutionalizing in justice that it was our own and that we had to abandon the concept of a part they separate us. in the early eighty's nelson mandela returned to the mainland after 2 decades of brutal detention he was transferred to post more prison then in 1988 to more comfortable housing within the victim 1st the prison about 100 kilometers from cape town. for mandela was no ordinary prisoner convinced that negotiation could bring an end to apartheid he had begun secret meetings with government representatives notably we could see how the

justice minister and neal barnard the head of the secret services. and so p.w. identified a team of which i was the head at the time they start in total secrecy negotiations with one below which in fact started in my $988.00 until he should release they met some got 50 times or $48.00 times every week for hours on end and nobody not is almost the archetype of an african a nationalist mandela use that to get to know the minds of the africans the minds of the national party and by the time he came out he knew more or less what they were what they were thinking what was possible what wasn't possible he knew more or less how to treat them. both at home and abroad calls for mandela's release grew louder and gained more support for his party the

a.n.c. represented him as the symbol of the anti-apartheid struggle. in early 1989 bhutto was weakened by a stroke shortly after a secret meeting with mandela he was forced to resign as party leader and later as president. i relented in august his former minister frederick de clercq age 53 took over as president of the country his priority to end the deadlock crippling south africa. on december 13th 1989 mandela left the victor verster prison for a few hours he was secretly taken to the center of cape town to detain heis the president's office for the 1st time the black leader and white president found themselves face to face.

i did not have. high expectations of a 1st meeting with mr mandela and when i did have my 1st meeting i did not try to achieve much for both the him and me that 1st meeting was to get. an understanding of each other to get a feel for the person sitting across the table to start with mandela was much taller than he expected and he was also very impressed by president of mr mandela's aristocratic bearing because we must remember that that mandela was actually raised to be the prime minister of the paramount chief of the 10 booze so you have natural a natural sense of authority very dignified a very charming after that 1st meeting there was the feeling that yes we can do business with each other so i did expect that he would be positive

about the concept of negotiations but we both of voided talking about the real challenges and the real issues at that time it was a sizing up for us and so that was the beginning of of a long and sometimes very very rocky relationship. on february the 2nd 1990 the eyes of $37000000.00 south africans were turned towards cape town for the opening of parliament they did declare was about to pronounce his 1st general policy speech many were hoping he would commit the country to a new direction. it is time for us to break out of the cycle of violence and to break through to peace and reconciliation the

steps that have been decided on the following the prohibition of the african national congress the pan africanist congress the south african communist party in a number of subsidiary organizations is being nice and. people serving prison sentences merely because they were members of one of these organizations will be identified and released i think the clark when he took over as president in 1009 was faced with a choice he knew that the country's economy was in really deep trouble he knew we were almost facing a civil war inside the country and here suddenly the thing landed on his lap was he going to do more about it more oppression more police more military and destroy the economy get into a civil war or was he going to be the sturrock

a figure that ended the war and i think the berlin wall helped him a lot because it was a strong argument to use to say we had to fight against the a.n.c. because they were communists but no communism is dead so now we can talk to them which made their message easier to accept by the white people however what is very crucial to make the point that this change. the clear speech was not simply the result of a free condom nationalism of his party and of de klerk suddenly becoming good guys and through the good heart the siding there must be a change it was the pressure from the struggle i wish to put it plainly that the government has taken a firm decision to release mr mandela unconditionally i'm serious

i'm serious about doing this matter to finality without delay the speech i made on the 2nd of february 9090 contained a package of measures. of which the release not only of nelson mandela but also of all political prisoners was just a part i listed the state of emergency i tried in that speech to it that is each and every excuse in the sea could offer not to come to the negotiation table and during that period we were the only communicators and town and they had all of the t.v. cameras they needed to use. how and when to release the iconic mandela this was the subject of the 2nd confrontation between the 2 men one week later at the president's office. i

announced to him that he would be released on the 11th of february and the 1st reaction was it's too soon and i said why is it too soon he said we need more time to prepare insisted that this process cannot work without me i am the key to this thing so when you want to release me you release me at a time that suits me and my family because i have to manage the a.n.c. and it was one of the things of me will you are my prisoner you will do as i say and i said to him mr mandela you and i will negotiate about many things but you been in jail long enough you will be released on the 11th of february let us discuss what time of the day and from where you will be in east.

on february 11th 1990 at 5 o'clock in the oftener there was great excitement at the victor fest a prison everyone had been waiting for several hours to see nelson mandela released arm in arm with his wife when. after 27 years in jail a free 71 year old man returned to his home in so wet oh determined to win freedom for his people. after 4 decades of conflict the adversaries met over 3 days and put ischia an official building in cape time in may 990 the jailer and his former prisoner walked side by side presenting a court image there are bound to be difficulties but there is cautious optimism as well as faith and conviction that the problems will be solved by negotiation.

and i trust that these discussions will be another milestone on the road to a new and you just saw that i think it was. overwhelmingly framed. it was like people who are paying together for the 1st time we didn't know each other but who wanted to meet each other. that was a that was a wonderful experience and was about the fact that. we suddenly realized on both sides that we had to work jointly and collectively. the way forward and to responsible to the rest of us nobody else can take that response and. you can imagine. with the background of the participants. 2 sides that has been fighting each other. for the hammer. suddenly being.

of course there's a measure of mistrust. we do know al qaida still 3 us. we didn't know. but the point is we had to agree there's only one way to discover. that is to me. is striking feature. of the discussions. which we have head. during the last 3 days. has been the at cordiality. we have had to. have discussions on sensitive matters. in a spirit of conciliation and understanding. despite the signature of a peace agreement 4 months later the relationship between de klerk and mandela was

tainted by violence around the often lethal conflict had broken out in various regions of south africa particularly in causing confrontations erupted to between a.n.c. supporters from the host ethnic group and supporters of the i f p the in qatar freedom party made up of zulus and led by monks who to buthelezi. is not the a.n.c. just say it is the voices there are people to threaten the leaders the people those who can only true the beginning of a real lot of discount. oh. more people got killed in south africa between 18091904 dunn were killed by a part of forces in the entire history of a part that there was a natural competition between the eye of p. and a n c u d s but it was aided and abetted by the former military and police

people called it the 3rd force. the 2 big black groupings fighting and a 3rd force egging them on and fomenting more violence leading police teats and intelligence chiefs including military intelligence we're working with elements of the put a lazy party and the soft course was how mundane the came to use that label and to and and to accuse the clerk of the statistics. 100 thank you and. the national party has got that dab agenda for the negotiations process on the one hand. a talk about reform and change. that they still want to hold on to

economic advantage you got power he said you see you don't care about the life lives of blacks that tell us you have allowed that situation to develop and this is why these things have happened even after we had given you our commitment even when we have been doing that had to discipline our people and you behaved in this way because you don't care about black life i think the accusation that i didn't do enough was unfair and that was not based in fact from the moment that i started to have a suspicion and also in conjunction with all the allegations they were making i appointed judith to judicial commissions of inquiry the one commission of inquiry came up and opened up a can of worms to show that yes they were elements in the security forces against

my orders against the policy i've laid down who continued with politically this had a tough underground activities that resulted in the dismissal or early retirement of a big number of very senior officers the credit cards the difficulty he had to walk a tightrope he couldn't just walk into the military camp and say. give up your arms is taking over he had to take he had to move very carefully with the police and with the military. and he did it slowly and and nelson mandela has indicated that he understood that so there was a game that mandela would put pressure on him. to disband and to end this that for violence and that that would defend. as the 2

leaders exchanged accusations about the causes of the violence talks continues and a conference was soon organized could desa the convention for a democratic south africa to discuss the country's future institutions 300 delegates took part the a.n.c. and their allies demanded a majority electoral system where blacks would be dominant in the government declared his party wanted various measures to protect the white minority but on the very 1st day december 20th 1991 the talks almost collapsed when dick clark took the floor of. the only one. this is a room with. arms cache. and with. all the other. do not have a jeweler's. because one cannot be a little. bit. to be sure solution if your

leaders years closers in the leadership. role certain films with the schedule make and the force one to the beat and yet to the concept of not action. i spoke last and i made a strong attack on the see what went on only i sent a warning to president mandela that i would be making those statements the mission which i believe did not get to him so nelson mandela sat there and watched the clerk attack him in this way. and i have never before or since seen mandela so angry at the result was then that. to the stuff that you're going

so i'm going back to the microphone and started to my going to duck was that. i heard the concern. about the behavior. of mr decay here in leicester and friends. every day had. an illegitimate. discredited. minority gene as he. has certain moral standards. very few. would like to hear with saturn and. what went wrong in society that opened up the space for him it got a ration is the european problem and that's not the cold the book in it's

impossible for the people to bear there is for link up our people don't want to take. leave that if profundity stronger man our song you're getting the growth of rejectionism of this world because the model doesn't work europe's forbidden colony episode 2 on al-jazeera. an escape from severe hardship on to the world stage as a paralympic champion will be i want to say for now though for the 1500 meters and the bronze for the $800.00 under designed to work overseas i went knocking on doors looking at each of us and was interested in immunology studies that led to international recognition as a global leader in regenerative medicine to inspiring journeys of human endeavor arabs abroad the paralympian and the bone make-a on al-jazeera when you see big groups of people walking through europe they're all individuals with children the low lifes you have to deal with them to treat them listen to it in respects.

gratton dog the top stories on al-jazeera greece is calling for a cease fire in libya warlord only for half the reason athens for talks ahead of a conference in berlin on sunday after us forces have been fighting the internationally recognized government in tripoli johnson ruppel this is in athens. because greece hasn't been invited to the girl in process mr then the us says we expect the hosts of this round of talks under u.n. auspices germany to behave as the guardians of european positions and that is a reference to the statement issued by the european union last december whereby it condemned the turkey libya agreement on maritime jurisdictions as invalid and illegal and not having any legal consequences for you members greece or anybody

else the u.s. military has admitted that some of its soldiers were injured in an iranian attack in iraq earlier this month washington had initially denied anyone was hurt the missiles targeted the assad military base north of baghdad they will launched in retaliation to the assassination of iranian military commander kasim sala money in a u.s. drone strike iran's supreme leader has delivered his 1st friday sermon in 8 years ayatollah ali how many threatened u.s. forces in the region and beyond he also said european nations cannot be trusted after they formally challenge iran for pulling back on its commitments to the 2015 nuclear deal. the afghan government has rejected a taliban offer for a 10 day cease fire president trump called negotiations did in september the taleban wants foreign troops to withdraw while the u.s. wants security guarantees pakistan's foreign minister says the taliban's offer is a positive step china's economic growth has slowed to almost 3 decades lower its

g.d.p. grew by just 6 point one percent in 2019 that's the lowest since 99000 but within the government's targets. made while china's president his mike knees 1st visit to me and bar see jim ping is expected to side a $1300000000.00 deal to build a poor can recall and study it that's where 1000000 bars military is suspected of carrying out a genocidal campaign against the row india it forced more than $700000.00 people to flee to neighboring bangladesh in $27.00 tenth's those the headlines a news continues here on al-jazeera after face to face mandela and a clad it's december $991.00 talks to end decades of apartheid in south africa off faltering president f.w. de klerk has just blames nelson mandela's a.n.c.

for surge in politico violence mandela responds i crave the concern that if behave offer mr dick a here has in less friend if me he had at off and each it is discredited my a narrative to jeanne as here has 7 remotest and it's still hope very few did what he might have to hear with satin it when you responded to the clerk was the closest we came to not having the negotiated solution i also think what he said the as what mandela really thought the booked

the cluck he never said it publicly because he knew the kind of many years in knew he had to say i accept his bona fides he's a man of integrity otherwise his followers wouldn't do it but there he was and he was provoked and he was angry because he didn't he wasn't warned and and that was a scary moment and i think that told me everything i wanted to know about the relationship between the track and and mandela it was a terrible one it was not only assure that he was fighting for the right for his people and what he believed in and what should one expect more of any man he could have been very rude and very brutal if need be and all of this left a mark it left a scar. across it on their personal little unsure but also on the process and a need to cause some damage unavoidably so. the negotiations would last for months

under the pressure of white extremists declared called a referendum in march 1902 asking almost $3000000.00 white voters if they approved of the path he was taking more than 2 thirds of them voted yes. on june 17th 1902 zulus from the in cutter freedom party left their hostel accommodation and headed for the boy tongue timeship near johannesburg where they attacked a.n.c. supporters 45 people were brutally killed in the massacre the repercussions were dramatic exasperated mandela was very ill and in his response. and that point in that the administration of hitler was the only body that had the capacity and the power and the command was there was there to do those people and

therefore to prevent that from happening. even when that what was was going to happen intelligence would have reported that. there's a. pileup of stocks of there and then there were people that were they members who went to that i can no longer explain to our up it. would continue to talk to a government or its him. which is now regarding go up if it were. not . to wagner well provoked we can fight back he alleged at that stage and behold dain see that this was an example of government forces that were utilized and that point has never been proved but even through the consideration commission it was that that so monday the break or the negotiation it

became frozen. we launched in that period almost immediately a call for roading mass action to revive and get to very high level the activity of the the masses in marchers demonstrations protest. in early august $9092.00 a campaign of strikes and demonstrations was launched the power struggle culminated on august the 5th with the march on pretoria the country's political capital was. in front of tens of thousands of supporters mandela came to openly defied declare beneath the windows of the union building was the official seat of government and in our final.

day in big there is the nation of an entire and i've. had a free hand finding lashes fat and sage honest and. they say to the mat. on stage you know after their mothers. have sat under the counter. then i less than that satisfactory. by the government. negara says the asians can't cannot and will not a 0. fish am. the a.n.c. maintained the pressure he and dick clarke were no longer speaking but in secret their lieutenants continued the discussions on the future of south africa.

another massacre oblige the 2 men to officially renew the negotiations on september the 7th 1992 and a small town in the homeland of sisk i 70000 e.n.c. supporters demonstrated against a local military leader supported by the government security forces opened fire killing 29 people and wounding hundreds of others. out of the big issue issue came a meeting between our officials and the clerics and the decision to carry on and resume with the negotiations desperately seeking an agreement to clerk capitulated and ceded to mandela's demands in september $992.00 the principles behind the future constitution were determined it would be

a majority system the white minority would have no veto or particular protection the date for the 1st multi-racial and democratic elections was set april 27th 1994. it was therefore 2 electoral rivals who went to also in december $993.00 to receive the nobel peace prize in norway. the 2 men attempted to put on a good show but de klerk could barely conceal his frustration. i think the decision of the nobel peace laureate committee was a very courageous decision the award to more must among dello was a popular one the award to me was a controversial award because people said but i have practiced

a partake in the past i had no problem with the system on download receiving it at times it appeared as if he and the a.n.c. did not like very much the fact that it was also wanted to me i know that there were 2 that felt. nelson should not have shared with him i think that would have been a terrible mistake their contribution through the nobel peace prize was their contribution to say we congratulate you the people of south africa you for it amongst each other but in the course of that fight you learn to appreciate each other as human e.-t. . and mandela was irritated by this man from the apartheid regime the people who put

him in jail the people who oppressed these own people for so long trying to say i ended up after it praise me the credit felt that he did not get enough credit for ending up after and he wanted to be on the international stage he wanted to be. the big the big historical figure but he was mandela he was the biggest icon in the world so. the 2 perspectives and the 2 egos really clashed hit was also difficult because there was a very strong and he apartheid lobby in norway didn't want him to get the you the prize atoll and at one stage mandela went out on to a balcony or. of the group the hotel and the main road of ours alone and the norwegians who were supposed to be having a torchlight parade boo de klerk and they shared mandela so it was

a bit humiliating for ford truck. back in south africa the presidential election campaign proved to be extremely tense. encounters a loose threatens not to take part in the vote and violent confrontations were frequent even in the center of johannesburg. as the world focused on saw a few days before the vote the 2 candidates faced off in a historic televised debate. where have what that plan appeared

at that time i was i think and a better life means housing starts free conduct education hospital services. we believe that this is out of me and my eyes in the eye and she's policy is riddled with that which has failed it is riddled still with clinging to nationalize ation you want good investments as long as that is the case they says that applause. often men or is not used to address the as significance of the charter to of the population or as government is committed to it for a small minority he is not alarmed at that or have for devote so much of his last. or is called sounds like. they just in general how do you write him off if you talk

about. that. far. and nation beauty how i am proud to hold your. thought as to profile. on election day no one doubted that mandela's a.n.c. would imagine is the fix to the question was whether the party would gain 2 thirds of the vote. the final score was indisputable 62 percent for the a.n.c. i'm just 20 percent for the national party. i hold out my hand to mr mandela in friendship and cooperation as far as my own

post position is concerned i should like to make it clear. that i believe that my political task is just beginning everything that we have done so far the 4 years of difficult and often frustrating negotiations the problem and the crises. abin simply a blip in ation vol the work that lies in that on may 10th 9994 after 4 years of negotiations and several 1000 people killed i'm political violence nelson mandela became president of south africa he was 75 years old i

think fall for the the the future i think it's a great day for self africa filey of their that's reach we have said i'll do a cheat as be ditched the druck thought it was a glorious moment because it was peaceful ed was accepted by the war the leaders of the world with their defeat on that day esau it as the comp cruzan of these project at start of tonight and it denying according to the terms of an agreement signed in 1903 mandela lead a government of national unity assisted to buy 2 vice presidents taba on becky one of his white timed men and frederick declare so you have made it big enough to call father serious and i live. by. addison.

growing up by sorry. for the better public are full of it. so. i knew it was a snow day apartheid was overcome the last white president attending the swearing in of south africa's 1st black president. my overwhelming sense was a feeling of accomplishment yes i had questions and i still have it in my mind. whether we will be able to stay on the right path there are threats and there are always dangers that even if you reach a good agreement that in the implementation of the agreement things can go wrong but general sense was one of this is a good day for south. all

the parties with more than 20 deputies were represented in the government of national unity intended to last 5 years a coalition unique in the world took office a cabinet when a former president officiated under the orders of his successor both at the head of opposing parties. facing them and allen never chaired the cabinet and a key the other deputy president and i chaired the cabinet on meditational basis. it was a good experience i realized and serialize that they needed to gain experience in governance they've been a liberation movement they've been agitating they've been fighting they've been

fighters in the field they didn't know how to deal with the civil service he possibly thought that his presence in the government of national unity. will give him the authority to teach then you'll come ice. how to do things. whereas the odds favor invested that he was also a newcomer into a situation that was new on twitter but there were moments when the. i could see mr mandela getting frustrated. alter cations between mandela and dick clarke hit the headlines. in january $995.00 i heated disputes during a cabinet meeting which forced dick clarke and mandela to stage a public reconciliation for the media. the main focus of our discussion.

was our past not working relationship. our discussion was frank. add to it character in some detail. with our of the issues which caused the recent confrontation between us. we did not ask for an apology. we are asked for the recognition of al good faith. honesty and our integrity. in the process of the confrontation also my confidence in the president was shaken and our talk this morning achieved also. the race to relation of that confidence. i'm shaking you know you love movement on the t.v. . often about 18 months the a.n.c.

started to feel they've had enough of a learning experience. and then they started to try and silence me because i was not only an executive deputy president i was also the political leader of the main political opposition part and they were trying to say i cannot in public criticize the citizens with which i disagreed in the cabinet because i'm an executive to 50 percent that was part of the problem which 6 months later after 2 years but rolled me to the decision with my party who was there all from the government of national unity i think that the clear and his group where feeling that they were losing too much support from the white constituency and that if they remained

in government with the a n c they would continue to lose all that support again i think the clerics ego came in the way that and he's personal circumstances and we sometimes talk about politicians and forget that they are ordinary human beings to clear cut then fall in love and married a new young woman a beautiful woman that he was very much in love with he lost his appetite for dirty politics for hard politics. and instead of leaving his party inside and going to tie it with lovely elites he took them all out declared can this party left the government in june 1086 shortly after the adoption of the country's new constitution and mandela himself left politics in 1909 handing over to top of baccy. in just 6 years of

a hard fought to deal the 2 men had radically changed the course of their country's history and forever bound to their own destinies they continued to see each other far from the political turmoil like in 2006 at a hotel in cape town at frederick to clerics 70th birthday. i mean. once they had retired they knew that they the 2 of them played a special role. in history. and they never became friends but on the one or 2 occasions public occasions they said nice things of what. we did. and i think if i disappear in a moment that all would. all off. i talk l

o o. o o o. o o o this way what. i had a policeman in the past will say that i 100 does not suffer from a normal. chromosome. have got your get your. leg. away with the. president mandela made. a wonderful short speech. at a function for our friends and family. i was deeply touched. by the nicholl mission he gave to my contribution to. help to bring peace to south africa i was deeply touched by the personal warmth. which he extended to me. i even cried a little bit if i can remember well. al-jazeera

explores prominent figures of the 20th century and how rivalries influenced the course of history steve jobs for much better marketeers than bill gates for apple is going to reinvent the phone bill made software what it is today will change the world to high tech visionaries whose breakthroughs inspired a digital revolution jobs and gates face to face on al-jazeera.

head of the. central america we have seen some pretty severe way from. just. across areas i. can see fairly extensive across the west particularly those western areas of brazil and go on into south of the beginning to pop up again into southern areas but i should say most ria with a high of 28 degrees fairly makes thank you across much of the want to scout of the winds pushing into these a coastal areas where to. costa rica and elsewhere but as we go through suffer day we will see a line of rain working the way through the bahamas to cuba and just pushing up into the southern areas of the united states in the us it's really been about the

showers to the south the sky the thunderstorms but in particular is that about these big winter out in the pacific northwest look at this over. come down in the seattle area and they. will look at no working its way across the rockies we go click initially into san francisco and then we're looking at ice and snow developing quite steadily across the midwest. but. there is no channel that covers world news like religion as a roving correspondent i am constantly on the go covering topics from politics to conflict stuff just our mentalist. counted like nothing you've ever. carried but we want to know is how did these things affect the people we revisit cases even when they're no challenge headline. al-jazeera really invested bonds that's

a privilege as a journalist. and in the twenty's highway bill has done the work is close to. one woman is troubling to the villages where the parents still live under rights to the film. on al-jazeera. in a 2 part series. 0 observes the lives of 2 children. over 20 years. where insights into circumstances that shaped lives. in a rapidly changing world. 20 years of mean continues with good morning groups in young on al-jazeera. al-jazeera.

this is al-jazeera. hello i'm stan grant this is the news hour live from doha coming up in the next 60 minutes seeking peace in libya greece just wall orderly for hafter to work towards a cease fire and expel mercenaries from his fighting force. china reports its slowest annual growth in nearly 30 years as it is embroiled in a trade war with the u.s. . we fly by the tal volcano in the philippines getting a bird side.