most powerful scientists speak out. oceans manakin on al-jazeera. major restrictions across italy as the government tries to slow down the spread of the corona virus as cases in europe surge the number of infections continues to decline in china where people in some areas could soon move around freely. hello and barbara starr you're watching out as they are live from london also coming up the united states begins withdrawing its troops from afghanistan as part of a deal with the taliban and learning the lessons of the past to help understand the future archaeologists sift through history to find the secrets of climate change.

hello thank you for joining us holding an emergency teleconference on the corona virus outbreak all 27 member states have reported cases of the virus and efforts are being made to contain the outbreak as well as mitigate the economic cost of it italy of course is at the forefront of the crisis and major nationwide restrictions are now in place well initially everyone has been advised to stay home as much as possible other people are allowed to self certify if they need to travel for work can assess cities or health emergencies all forms of public gatherings are banned all sports events and centers have been closed bars and restaurants can stay open but nightclubs cinemas theaters and casinos have been shocked supermarkets as well will remain open but large shopping centers will be closed on weekends and public

holidays schools and universities have been closed religious institutions will stay open but marriages baptisms and funeral services have been banned. but i'll bet it took us to vicki is a professor of communications at the lewis business school he joins us live now via skype from rome sir thank you so much for joining us here on al-jazeera 1st of all you are in rome that was a part of the country that had so far been relatively unscathed by the coronavirus which seem to focus in on northern italy so how did you wake up today how has this new directive by the government affected your daily life. well you know i live just in front of the italian government building was a beautiful room on call on the duties of the beautiful square a sunny sky all over a monument to rome i was looking at the government buildings saying please do something for us because you know for example you know you see me with my time with my child that i have all my contacts via skype and i try to you know it keep calm

and carry on but we are all confined home and it's quite frustrating because we have a beautiful monumental cd with sunny weather to colosseum the color made of some pitch or simply to square an old this beautiful spaces are completely empty the masses and masses of tourists you know used to see are no one here and this is you know. the business i mean the tourism business rotate around the rest of the nations in the consolations and we had some 80 percent cancellations which is a plunge and is quite terrible for our situation you are a professor of communications in the italian government has been criticized for the way it's been communicating a lot of these restrictions do you think that people are clearly both in italy and i guess outside of italy about the restrictions that are in place when you can or can't leave your house and the reasons for which you can well of course in every

emergency situation there is crisis communication communication can be part of the solution or it can create more problems than the problem itself this was the case but it doesn't government for 2 reasons the 1st reason was timing. accidentally but we don't think it was real and it was intentional. kopi of the presidential decree which was you know commanding diplo kade all over the north in italy was leaked. 6 hours before and this caused the wave of panic to run all across the country this was their bad and then the risk to many voices draw too many voices speaking to the population and this creates confusion i think this is something we must report to international audiences like a 0 because we italians have an excellent health service the national service is very good our technique technicians engineers are very good our military is excellent but now and then communication but communication seems to.

over however strong a health service ses no one really knows how much the current virus can spread right now so there's a fear that it could just overwhelm the health services and when we still look at some of the directive that the government has put in place on the one hand it's telling people to stay home but on the other and you can just download a form from a government website and self certify yourself where you literally just say you need to travel for work you sign you hand it to a police officer of they stop you and that's fine so do you think these measures are more put in place to perhaps create a sense of responsibility on behalf of citizens then to really keep people at home well yes i think that will create some sense of responsibility and there will calm the panic which spread all around italy i think that more and more than we can expect italian population will cope with it quite calmly but of course this

certification form is just you know something which is a communication that buys. this doesn't mean that italian will not observe the indications of the go over and very briefly have you left the house today and do you plan to. no i couldn't and this is why i'm doing my contacts by a skype and i'm asking all the television studios here in italy to invite me so that i have an excuse because you know my universe is closed and my clients are absolutely barred from any possible contact so i'm home i will reap oaks as everett i mean will watch t.v. but i'm asking the television programs to invite me so i have an excuse to get. a better guess than vicky professor of communications of the lewis business school sir thank you. well there are fears that the outbreak could cause a global recession so far the aviation industry has been particularly badly affected the e.u. says it plans to step in to help. i ask the coronavirus response team this morning

to look into further tools that the commission can mobilize in order to address the overall impact. coronavirus outbreak has on the economy throughout europe. many sectors are already suffering and we will need to look for ways to support them for instance and this is just one example every year. the coronavirus outbreak has a major impact on the european and international education industry we see that the situation is deteriorating on a daily basis joined now in the studio by move barker never watching the president of the commission talking about aviation obviously things can hit the economies across europe then there is or you know representatives from the 27 countries i'm meeting now don't we know what's going on behind the scenes what their main

priority is were 1st of all is a real sign of the times the e.u. leaders have decided to meet via video link up such as the concern about the impact of the coronavirus or leaderships across the whole of the continent we know that given the scale given concerns surrounding the spread of the coronavirus there is now a real search for a joint plan of action going forward it is generally down to individual member states to come up with their own health policies but times are very different now given the spread of the virus and concerns about the impact on populations across the whole of the continent but what we have seen are some differences of opinion between some e.u. members some smaller countries largely in eastern and southern parts of the e.u. accusing the likes of the czech republic france and germany hoarding things like sum of 3 products some facemask worried about shortfalls in their own countries these are kind of the some of the basic issues that the u.s. going to have to deal with if it really wants to to stem the tide of this virus

spreading also we know that the european parliament has been meeting as well to discuss the role of a new coronavirus task force the debates underway votes expected on thursday so some action but also at the same time some hints of divisions too that would be a surprise. they are planning and have barker thank you. now as the numbers of those in fact that sarah jane europe it's a different story in china where things seem to be slowly returning to normal president's asian paying has made us for a straight to the viruses epicenter in ruhani patients who contracted the virus and roasting for colorado people are returning to work scott hietala reports now from bangkok china's president xi jinping visit will haunt for the 1st time since the outbreak was discovered there in december china's epicenter of the corona virus will forever be remembered as the source of the illness that has reached nearly every corner of the world china's leaders are trying to change that narrative state

media poured praise on cheap from the beginning of the crisis calling efforts to contain the virus a war the media saying that fighting the virus was always his top priority but avoided topics of future prevention and previously admitted mistakes by local and central government officials during the early days of the crisis she's visit coincides with the continuing decline in the number of infections and who by a province and the closure of all temporary hospitals in will hand city people in lower risk areas will soon be able to move freely within who bay it's part of a new system in which everyone will be given a hazard rating of green yellow or red through an individual barcode the ratings based on data collected by the who big government people's health history and location in a nother positive development passengers onboard the cruise ship costa for tuna finally being allowed to disembark in singapore they were stranded on board for 2 weeks the ship was turned away from malaysia in thailand because of coronavirus concerns the italian cruise ship operator said there were no suspected cases among

the passengers who included tourists from italy another coronavirus hotspot. because of the major fall in passenger bookings a strolling airline quantas is joining other major carriers in grounding aircraft canceling flights and delaying an order for new planes we are taking 24 percent of capacity. for international operation and 5 percent of our domestic operations it will mean that we are grounding now 10 of the 12 a tree 80 s. in fact we're grounding around $38.00 aircraft in told here in thailand the government announcing adventurers traveling from 6 iris countries will have to present to help certificate proving that they don't have even before they get on the plane checks are also being put into place that water inland entries and once in thailand tourists from china hong kong macau italy south korea and iran will have to submit a daily health report on a smartphone app or to

a local health official scada al-jazeera bangkok. israel says they might relax their rule that all foreign visitors have to self quarantined for 2 weeks if the virus continues to spread and becomes impossible to control this cause as the palestine health ministry has confirmed another 4 infections in the occupied west bank bringing the total there to 29 tourists have been banned from bethlehem for at least 2 weeks starving the economy of an important source of revenue holy sites are being this infected and schools remain closed. south african court clear as president.

hello again we've had another major weather system sweeping through northeastern parts of asia clearing northern parts of japan far east of russia and would like to see a thaw taking place so temperatures for sapporo are on the rise and indeed we're looking at the risk of avalanches as that thought takes place should be a fine day in tokyo should be fine across south korea north korea and see more northern areas picking a brace of rain and the higher elevations some snow to we've got some heavy rain across more southern parts of china extending into northern parts of taiwan hong kong largely draw on thursday but the risk of rain will increase as we head on through the day into southeastern parts of asia looking cheri across much of the region should expect scatteration across borders and heavy through wednesday and some bright weather at times for kuala lumpur and singapore now into south asia we've got another westerly disturbance affecting northern parts of pakistan in particular extending into parts of the south too but northern areas like to see

significant snowfall developing through the next 24 hours some showers extend across into northern india so delhi could well see some downpours at times further towards the south and heavy showers across eastern parts of india but it should be fine in sri lanka. in 2013 cases of getting great shock to asia and the world it's almost for like. their own al-jazeera asked men in cambodia what drove them to commit violence against women. i don't know whether it's reap because a contest for the girl in 2016 has anything changed normalization of violence against women unfortunately i think is still a very common pattern around the world rewind it's a man's world on al-jazeera. welcome

back here's a reminder of the top stories on al-jazeera italy is in its 1st day under major nationwide restrictions because of the coronavirus everyone has been advised to stay home as much as possible all forms of public gatherings are banned with all 27 member states of the e.u. now reporting coronavirus cases leaders are holding an emergency meeting or by teleconference spain has stepped up its battle against the virus in an attempt to avoid the situation that italy's in schools have been shot in several regions flights from italy suspended and the lower house of parliament suspended for a week after a member tested positive. and life is beginning to return to normal normal though

in the chinese a city at the center of the outbreak presidents usually playing has made his 1st trip to the city of war on patients who contracted the virus have mostly recovered and people are returning to work. where more than 116000 cases have been reported globally with infections in 115 counties countries and regions brian takes a look now at how we've reached this point. the corona virus outbreak began in december last year in the chinese city of about 11000000 people epidemiologists or scientists who study epidemics have traced the source to a seafood market where they think the virus was initially transmitted from animals to people and on the 13th of january the 1st case of the new corona virus outside china was reported in thailand and now almost 2 months on this shows how far the virus has spread those big red circles are the hot spots china of course but also

south korea iran and italy ataman johns hopkins university in the united states started tracking the numbers of cases deaths and the people who've recovered the totals are always changing but this is how they looked about 9 g.m.t. on tuesday morning just over 4000 deaths 114544 cases and just over 64000 patients have recovered and that means there are about $50000.00 active cases remember these are confirmed cases because in countries such as iran it's thought far more people are infected then the government said missing and scientists believe most people will only have mild symptoms so they could be many walking around in our communities not feeling sick or knowing they carrying the virus but let's go back to where it all began china this graph shows us how many cases are reported daily with a spike in mid february when there was

a brief change in how patients were diagnosed china still has by far the most cases about 21000 but that's been leveling off in recent days with only 19 cases reported on tuesday however scientists warn that it may take months if not years for the full impact of the corona virus outbreak to be known. reporting there were earlier we spoke to margaret harris from the world health organization she says other countries should learn from china's experience of the outbreak. we can't necessarily say what happens in one country always helps and happens in another country but the really really important things that china has taught us they had an enormous um break vast numbers of cases and they took very very strong measures they asked everybody not to move they asked everybody to distance socially that stay at least a metre away from each other they asked everybody to be absolutely fastidious about

personal hygiene and they also paid attention to environmental hygiene made sure they cleaned the places deep cleaned everywhere and as you say as we're talking about the numbers are extraordinary the thing that you can really see when you look at the epidemiological curve and i don't have it with me unfortunately but it it was going up like this the numbers and then it starts to flatten when they took those actions and has come down very very steeply and that's what you want to see in a really bad outbreak you'll see a very very high point but they flatten the curve and yes we want to see that happen in other countries in other news turkey says it's agreed with russia on the details of a joint patrol to buffer zone in seriously a province there's only extends either side of the m 4 highway that connects the government stronghold of like the kia with syria's largest city of aleppo turkey says it will patrol 6 kilometers to the north of the m 4 and russia will patrol the

southern side turkish president $35.00 better though one is to meet his french and german counterparts for more discussions on the refugee situation better than is back in turkey after a fruitless negotiations with the european union leaders in brussels on monday the you is unhappy that turkey opened its northern borders 11 days ago in contravention of a 2016 deal well some are binge of it as more to say now from her thigh close to the syrian border. we've heard from the turkish president saying that he's going to be welcoming the french president and the german chancellor to istanbul on tuesday and this is coming off the back of the heels of his meeting there with the e.u. leaders last night for he spoke to them and he said he's made his point about why what the e.u. needs to do more about thinking of its fair share of what he says its response ability in terms of the refugees that he has been hosting more than 3 and

a half 1000000 refugees from syria have been in turkey and that is something that has been reiterated by the turkish president as well as his foreign minister that the border the southern border of europe does not start at greece but rather at the syrian border and turkey is an ally it is a nato member and has been facing difficulties in not just housing those refugees in providing for them but also the security situation that it has faced in the last 80 years so this is an ongoing issue in simultaneously there is a russian delegation which is in town in ankara where talks are underway to thrash out the details of the deal which was signed between the turkish and the russian president last week modalities of which as you mentioned will be the 6 kilometer buffer zone along either side of the m 4 highway the important point of contact between the syrian government side and the rebel side and more details about that and those joint patrols are filtering through. the taliban has sent vehicles to

baghran air base to collect fighter is expected to be released by the afghan government president ashraf ghani is expected to issue a decree detailing the release process on tuesday the move is part of a deal signed by the us and the taliban last month and will see the taliban hand over $100000.00 afghan government troops the u.s. has started removing some of its forces from the country the long term plan is for all foreign troops to be removed within 14 months while the bill hamid has more now from kabul and says that both the u.s. and the taliban are respecting the terms of the agreement so far. there are ongoing war between the taliban and the afghan government. is going on on a daily basis with. multiple attacks on afghan security forces when it comes to respecting the terms of agreements between the u.s. and the taliban that has been respected. and i think the u.s.

is now a goodwill gesture because there has been a lot of talk afghan government saying it will not release the taliban prisoners now says it will release them and. it will not go. into afghan talks if the. 2 things happening one the beginning of the pull out of. the release of the prisoners president has been saying ever since it was signed that he will he did he hadn't agreed he hadn't signed to release any of these up to 5000 prisoners as guaranteed by. well yesterday yesterday during his inauguration he changed his tune he said he was going to release he was going to sign today i decree that will allow the release of. those taliban prisoners

who are all over the age of 52 now that number varies between 80001800 depending on who you speak to that isn't yet. south africa's high court cleared president. of misleading parliament over a campaign donation it was alleged that lied about a $32500.00 donation for his campaign to succeed jacob zuma as leader of the african national congress so he to miller has the details. the halting high court delivered a scathing judgment against the public protector the head of the anti corruption watchdog pussy syria in cavani accused president. of lying to parliament about a campaign donation he received 3 years ago when running for the leadership of the ruling african national congress judges rejected that allegation and also ruled

against him cavani who wanted to investigate it for money laundering to the puppy put. in her powers in the manner that she did the business. we're following for the detail the reasons given above but his investigation into the seat of 17 complained when they felt better or safer feeding the. feather. that her report and the findings in the media. were invalid. the judges went on to say that the public protector didn't act with an open mind and that her findings were irrational and unlawful that will add to speculation that barney has a political agenda something she denies president obama pours out denied the allegations saying they were baseless this is not the 1st time the public protector has lost a court ruling and this one will only add to the criticism was to say when combine is facing that she's not fit for office it's likely that the question of the

credibility will be debated in parliament feeling an already tense political climate the main opposition party the democratic alliance is leading parliamentary process is to have a removed from office and kabbani is expected in court again next week she's seeking an injunction to stop an inquiry into her fitness to hold office which could lead to impeachment it is the 1st time in democratic south african history that the head of a chapter 9 institution a watchdog body made to protect the public from government excesses is facing possible in speech meant in this manner she is challenging that process which she says is governed by rules which she believes are unconstitutional some south africans hoped that this case would lead to more transparency about political campaign funding instead what many see is a political feud back in the spotlight for me to al-jazeera pretoria south africa. the king of the netherlands has apologized for the excessive violence that his

country inflicted on indonesians during colonial rule the 1st such admission by the monarchy speaking on his 1st state visit to indonesia king willem alexander apologized for the conduct of dutch forces during the 4 years after indonesia declared independence in 1905 and their lives in recognising that he's autonomy until 149 after 350 years of rule. as climate change and rising sea levels increase in the threat in the world's coastlines scientists in the united kingdom are looking to our prehistoric past for clues to the future the you came became an island more than 5000 years ago when rising waters cut off from mainland europe and is just a bold when reports from the southern county of hampshire are still evidence of how our ancestors tried to at that. low tide at thorne space on the

southern coast of england maritime archaeologists are searching the mud flats for clues as to what life was like thousands of years ago i'm telling into our engine parts and here we see this incredible story ongoing ritual from firing off bows and years ago when just in the sea bed white near where i live i find that so turns out icing exciting. a piece of timber more than 5000 years old might help us understand what happened when sea levels rose creating an island that became britain separate from continental europe what we're doing with the understanding the patterns are trying to the effect of sea level rise in the past i never could understand the long term practice of the responses of the through a lot of paying. rewriting for the period i'm going to start a little purple. tights aren't always this low so the marine archaeologists also dived to find evidence of prehistoric activity the salty sea water is an

excellent preservative scientists take their findings back to the lab at the university of southampton where they get new tests in carbon dating to figure out how many thousands of years ago our ancestors lived on this for sure it was cuttin there's evidence that the wood was worked on by prehistoric man to make a flat surface they could be a resin that was applause. 5000 years ago maybe to protect it from the water as a scene that was coming up discoveries of signs of prehistoric settlements artifacts and even food give the archaeologists an idea of what life would have looked like. it. we found quite a few of these so you have to bear in mind this is over 8000 years old they found d.n.a. from i'm corn an ancient grain dating it to 8000 years indicating early trade

we don't know too much about our prehistoric ancestors and their struggles with rising sea levels but the more we learn could help in our own approach to climate change jessica baldwin al-jazeera hampshire england. and now time for a reminder of the top stories on al-jazeera italy is in its 1st day and a major nationwide restrictions because of the coronavirus everyone has been advised to stay home as much as possible all forms of public gatherings have been banned and was all 27 member states of the e.u. are now reporting coronavirus case says leaders are holding an emergency meeting by teleconference the commission president or celeb underlay this says the e.u. is looking at ways to help deal with the outbreaks economic impact particularly on

the aviation industry. i ask the coronavirus response team this morning to look into further tools about the commission can mobilize in order to address the overall impact. coronavirus outbreak has on the economy throughout you look many sectors are already suffering and we will need to look for ways to support them for instance and this is just one example every ation the corona virus outbreak has a major impact on the european and international education industry we see that the situation is deteriorating on a daily basis. but life is beginning to return to normal in the chinese city at the center of the outbreak president paying has made his 1st trip to the city of $100.00 patients who contracted the virus have mostly recovered and people are

returning to work. the taliban assent to collect find her is expected to be released by the afghan government president ashraf ghani is expected to issue a decree detailing the release process on tuesday that part of a deal signed by the u.s. and the taliban last month and will see the taliban hand over $1000.00 afghan government troops south africa's high court has cleared the president sitting on the pozo of misleading parliament over a campaign donation it was alleged that roma pose a light about a donation to his campaign to succeed jacob zuma as leader of the african national congress those are the top stories stay with us rewind is coming up next i'll have more news for you in half an hour thanks for watching but i.

welcome to rewind where revisiting our best documentary is on the pos decades this week we rewind to 2013 when gang rape hits the headlines after a young indian woman was brutally attacked on a bus in delhi research showed that gang rape was a serious problem not just in india but rights across asia in the wake of that terrible event.