no treatment or a vaccine for her and a virus volunteers if they will continue to provide the services they get to fight the disease with detail coverage along without any planning for india's millions of minds and political. and fearless generalism from around the world for many coming to this place is the only chance they have to leave at least once a day. 148 the state of israel was proclaimed. palestine was lost. 16 years later in 1964 the palestine liberation organization or the p.l.o. was founded. made up of different factions the p.l.o. has been at the heart of the struggle to regain palestine ever since.

following the expulsion from jordan p.l.o. leader yasser arafat decided to pursue the path of diplomacy. there were hopeful signs of the early seventy's but the optimism was all to come crashing down. to the people at. the last summit say. it will feel. just good model not only a new idea. but the last model on not only new ideas about just what was

bottoming out. but also following a day in november 19th 74 yes and out of touch received a standing ovation at the general assembly. he had spoken over a peaceful solution for christ in the minds. of the green a leader standing among statesmen it was a crown which are. out of touch journey to the un had begun several years earlier. following their expulsion from jordan some palestinian factions concluded their fiery rhetoric and revolutionary zeal had harmed rather than help their cause. are you saying the same time that there will be an increase in terrorism. no i am saying there will be an increase in people who will hear not us but i can in the evolution of a struggle inside at this time and i refuse the word get out as them because we are

not that obvious a lot of people in palestine if you are following them they are doing demonstrations every day in nablus in the milan they are accusing there is not only conquered but why do you call this that of us and at the same time you hijack international editor of to hold hostages innocent women and children how do you expect the rest of the world to sympathize and respect the palestinian cause 1st of all be if he has lately that with this type of actions this is number one and number 2 your doing all of these actions which we have done previously we did not do harm to anybody however the f.l.p. operative when he heard that did not agree with how much had that dissented and was expelled from the group but this did not prevent him from organizing further operations in 1975 he sent

a group headed by the venezuelan revolutionary carlos to vienna to storm a meeting of opec and take several ministers hostage dead was angry that carlos had not followed the meticulous plans he had drawn up. this shit. what the 11 year 34. hey the look and feel. what the a may not have realized about carlos is his narcissism which manifested itself in the opec operation carlos acted against by the as orders and when they met afterwards what the slap him. i think when carlos negotiated and released the oil ministers it gave the impression that he could be bribed which was a main reason for the failure of the operation from that moment where dia broke his connection with carlos. a year later a group of her dad's followers hijacked an air france airliner to intending uganda the israelis mounted a spectacular rescue operation killing all the hijackers and freeing the hostages

despite these acts of violence the political track was moving. following the 1970 expulsion from jordan the democratic front for the liberation of palestine the d.f.l. be believed a more realistic political program was required. in 1072 it had floated the idea of accepting a 2 state solution by the summer of 1974 the p.l.o. had unanimously adopted the d.f.l. peace 10 point plan. for the 1st time the palestinian spoke about establishing an independent national authority the word israel was never explicitly mentioned in the plan but after years of armed struggle the palestinians were now implicitly recognizing the state of israel and under but managed out of the work that i'm at a loss only about money and misleading it was opposed by the process. of command and called the defeatists as gender but arafat and i will yet west mark their. pee

as a bulldozer or minesweeper to clear the way for it. when i. came in it took almost a year of discussions and on the eve of the b. and c. session in june of 1974 we came to a consensus with factor that b f p and the process. and the 10 point program that was adopted just weeks prior to his speech at the un artifact received the mandate he'd long been seeking from arab leaders the arab league summit in rabat to strip jordan over its traditional role in palestinian affairs and named the p.l.o. as the sole legitimate representative of the palestinian people for the palestinians it was a dream come true their decision making would no longer be bound by the yoke of an object at all broke out of state would continue to try and exert influence on palestinian matters the jordanians felt there about some of the decision pointed

the finger of blame back. i wonder what would have happened if his majesty had expressed his displeasure by withdrawing from that about summit while leaving his prime minister there jordan was being harassed jordan was made out to be the root of the problem not israel. soon after artifacts triumph at the u.n. in november 974 consensus among the different palestinian factions over the 2 state solution proposal began to falter. after its expulsion from jordan the p.l.o. had moved a tad quarters to the lebanese capital beirut. in april 1975 civil war broke out in a. lebanese politics divided into 2 camps christiane led dryden the muslim dominated left led by the socialist druze politician come out to. 4 years lebanon's muslims had clamored for a fairer distribution of political power. the palestinians felt

a natural affinity for their calls desperate not to repeat the mistakes committed in jordan the p.l.o. leader sought to keep his forces out of the lebanese. i know that arafat tried to keep the palestinians out of the wall at the beginning but that was never going to be possible impossible especially with they. especially with the common nationalisms you know the jumble. of nationalism on the palestinian version of nationalism. but by 976 the palestinians no longer felt able to stay on the sidelines in the. palestinian fighters linked up with the leftist forces and gradually advanced into the christine heart of. syria found the idea of a p.l.o. backed regime and never known a recipe for disaster it feared such areas would provoke israel into military action that would drag syria into war. for their part israel and the united states

also took a dim view of the rise of the lebanese left and its palestinian arabs in one of the more bizarre alignments of interest in the oven on syria decided to throw its weight behind the christians with a green light from washington and tacit israeli consent syria sent its army into lebanon in june of 1900. 6 to stem the palestinian leftist advance. get a polygamous story out of that and that put it in syria was asked to intervene to curb the expansion of the palestinian and lebanese leftists. the lebanese left had become troublesome to a regime that. the leader of the left come out john blatt was viewed as a threat to lebanese and arab stability. another factor was the mutual dislike between arafat and syrian president assad. syria's military intervention was stepped up following an assault on a damascus hotel by the n.t. out of the abu nidal palestinian group. the perpetrators were quickly apprehended

and hanged in public. faced with the syrian onslaught i felt appealed to the arab world for assistance accusing syria of attempting to liquidate the palestinian resistance the syrian assault force the palestinians onto the defensive. they were no longer able to mount an effective resupply of their besieged refugee camps and the christians. the camps principle among which was telling were overrun and the residents expelled or massacred. 2 arab summits were quickly convened they established what became known as the out of deterrent forces made up principally of the same syrian forces that had entered lebanon with only token representation from several other arab states syria had prevailed the value at which had. president assad's view was that syria in its ability to achieve strategic parity with israel had to be supported by

2 strong wings a lebanese wing and a palestinian wing that is if syria was to have influence on the political scene it had to become the sole legitimate representative of syria lebanon and the palestinians. while lebanon was in the throes of conflict on another front there were moves towards peace. in 1987 egyptian president anwar sadat a longstanding ally of artifacts made a groundbreaking visit to israel to sue for peace in exchange for land. artifact was stunned but i have had had been making his own peace moves his representative in london side had been promoting the palestinian vision of a 2 state solution at the artifacts behest. of us then the. other factor in the palestinian leadership were convinced that the most important thing was achieving palestinian aspirations not the method employed to achieve them and if the method

to achieve them was a civilized and peaceful one then that would be better than a violent one. out of 5 and the p.l.o. leadership to firmly believe this. chairman arafat's little very well that the 1973 war demonstrated the limits of collective action and what the international community could accept. therefore the leadership of fact that was convinced that the palestinians could never achieve anything more than a state always done the lands occupied the 967. but some palestinians took a very different view palestinian guerrilla leader abu nidal believed the 2 state solution was tantamount to capitulation he split from the p.l.o. and formed his own group calling it the revolutionary council and based in baghdad . the iraqi regime once again hostile to artifacts leadership of the p.l.o. provided backing to abu nidal splinter group. in january of 178

gunmen loyal to abu nidal assassinated sight hamami at the p.l.o. office and. it was to be the 1st of many killings of federal palestinians that the middle area. despite its talk of a 2 state solution the mainstream thought a 100 artifacts did not relinquish its arms struggle in march 1708 a fetter unit led by a female commando element to be commandeered an israeli bus near the city of haifa . in the ensuing firefight $36.00 israelis were killed or israel responded by invading southern lebanon and setting up what it termed as a security zone to drive p.l.o. forces out of rocketing which. almost a year later israel struck a massive blow against the p.l.o. by assassinating. salam he was in charge of artifacts personal security. over the

years he had been developing contacts with the cia and was seen as a point man for interaction with the air because. we had through the cia some kind of a liaison or larsen ship without a house and salama. and that had to do ostensibly with security issues. and it worked embassy was never attacked in those days. now people still argue whether that relationship led to our house and saw him becoming an agent of the cia or not. i personally think that he did it but i can't prove it i was in government during that period and we were in fact receiving remarkably sensitive intelligence from inside the p.l.o. at the highest levels and i if it wasn't our house and saw it was somebody very much like him. i felt could do little to parry such blows being delivered by it but

it was a different matter went up on a dog resumed his assassination affect the representatives of the uk in june 978 from his base in baghdad aboard a dog ordered the killing of the task bureau chief. explicitly accused iraqi intelligence of complicity in the s.s. . 2 months later the abu nidal group killed at the hospital is representative. retaliated by attacking the iraqi embassy in paris and targeting iraqi diplomats in london paris and karachi. abu nidal struck yet again on june 1st 1981 killing the p.l.o. brussels representative but abu nidal as most significant operation was to come pick a year later. 13982 and other than the doll gunmen opened fire on israel's ambassador to london critically wounding him. israel responded by launching a military operation more massive than its 1973 war effort against the combined

forces will be tipped in syria. unlikely to israeli invasion of lebanon had been an open secret for some time the lebanon israel border had been a constant point of tension as palestinians and israelis dreda drugget and artillery fire and a fact had realized that it was only a matter of time before israel launched an all out attack go ahead. oh it's our our fault was the only one who believe that an israeli invasion which would reach beirut was inevitable how much you can buy the pillows military council and appoint a committee headed by the pillows chief of staff start to plan the defense of beirut. many palestinians expected a repeat of the 1978 invasion and assault with limited objects. said that many there yeah. their belief was that the israeli

operation would not extend beyond 40 kilometers from the international border this effected palestinian preparations for the invasion as well as syrian and lebanese preparations therefore resistance to the invasion in southern lebanon was ineffective. on june 6th $98.00 to $2.00 days of airstrikes israel its land invasion of lebanon. with the exception of stiff resistance put up by the defenders of the palestinian refugee camps in southern lebanon palestinian forces in general quickly collapse commanders abandoned their fighters in the field and fled for safety out a fact was living. in the edge out of it was incredulous kept on saying in all possible he couldn't believe the israelis were advancing so far so quickly he orders to for assistance later on i learned that he was very angry that there was

no real resistance such i want to sort of the the operational headquarters in the south seriously mess calculated the commanders believed that all was lost and left i went to arafat's headquarters in beirut and told him what happened he became agitated and started swearing. syrian forces in lebanon were drawn into the fighting an epic 3 day air battle left the syrian air force virtually decimated. unable to sustain such losses syria agreed a cease fire with israel within the 1st week of the invasion the palestinians were now left on their own. along modern man my marginal half and out if i did not just accept that the syrians had been defeated he made it seem like the series didn't fight the whole but this. seeders did fight in the back of ellie and the mountains around beirut and lost lots of men and equipment but they fought to defend themselves and loved the palestinians the syrian army had not orders the check that

is raid advance of the israelis had left the syrians alone. by now the israelis had arrived at the gates of the lebanese capital but the closer they drew to beirut the tougher the fighting became they fought and they fought very brave. very brave the siege of beirut had begun. the p.l.o. was encircled some palestinian leaders advised the p.l.o. should surrender but i've had had other ideas he added that. the jury had gotten off. at one early meeting the leader of the p.f. lp general command homage agreeable suggested accepting israeli towns of withdrawal under the banner of the red cross this hour i mean red cross provided overall i've had said he would say a prayer to help them arrive at the decision and he went away and returned and said i sense the winds of heaven blowing god has ordered me to fight. the winds of heaven as i described them meant holding out for better conditions in

a bid to raise more out out of fat and his officers toward the streets of the besieged lebanese capital. massive israeli bombardment caused civilian casualties but also strengthened the palestinians resolve. finally in august after 2 months of siege and bombardment u.s. envoy philip heavy been announced that an agreement had been. their grievance gave safe passage for the p.l.o. fighters to leave lebanon on the understanding that israeli forces would not enter west bank. the evacuation of the p.l.o. marked the end of an era. after more than 10 years and 11 on the p.l.o. was finally leaving. it was a dramatic moment. for the fighters. for the lebanese.

and for the palestinian refugees left behind. most p.l.o. leaders neff to damascus. but out of fact signaling his displeasure with syria chose to build to. within days of the departure of the last palestinian fighters lebanese president elect bashir gemayel was assassinated. breaking the american brokered agreement israeli forces moved into west beirut under the pretext of keeping the peace. the israelis accuse the p.l.o. of leaving 2000 of its fighters in beirut's refugee camps the charge was a time occasion. the israelis quickly encircled the refugee camps and brought in their allies from the christine lebanese forces militia. on september 16th 1902 dozens of lebanese forces militia men entered the some branch of the refugee camps . we knew of course that israeli had surrounded the camp and we also knew that if

that night the flares was there that they have force was lighted up we saw it from distance and after i remembered that night it was battery strange it was so quiet it was like a ghost town. and we didn't realize that inside this ghost town was the killing and the shooting. under the watchful eyes of their is really analyze the lebanese militiamen embarked on one of the most horrific massacres of modern times. skies were lit by israeli flares as the militia men continued their ugly work. and then we started in the same way and we saw the bodies and i went around with my tape recorder i had no crew and had no television crew in the beginning to count bodies throwing up throwing up counting bodies.

my goodness hunger. at your house men. and the more bodies we found out was there in las. women killed children killed and we also saw that had used all those years to to take the rap is over that that bodies we couldn't believe our eyes. by the time it was finished the subbranch of the law massacre had claimed the lives of some 800 palestinian and lebanese civilians. the israelis set up a tribunal to investigate the massacre. in its final report the kahan commission found that israeli defense minister ariel sharon bore personal responsibility for the massacre of. the p.l.o.

in exile and no longer the force it once was could only launch impotently stripped of his base in lebanon out of that was in the political wilderness. israel and its american benefactors had the stablished a foothold in lebanon one that syria backed by the soviet union sought to overthrow in the eyes of the masochist the much weakened p.l.o. was ripe for the taking and the defeat of the acid artifact was of no political consequence but for the master of palestinian politics who had just emerged from doing battle with the israelis the fight for survival was about to enter a new and bloodier phase. expelled from their base in jordan in lebanon and left in a political wilderness rebellion was rising in the ranks of the p.l.o. but was this just another inevitable step on the road to victory this is

a good long sturrock up the deficit or the conflict that would cost on a fad his leadership in life. chronicling the turbulent story of the struggle for a palestinian home and p.l.o. history of a revolution on al-jazeera. the un published the most comprehensive study of life on. they found 1000000 species face extinction that's more than 12 percent of known life on. one truck to destroy the much oil infrastructure of which all well depends the report identifies the 5 main drivers of this big logical crisis 1st the way we use and abuse all products resources 75 percent of the lad and 2 fads of the marine environment have been severely altered by human activity exploitation of species through over fishing and hunting climate change caused by

a greenhouse gas emissions pollution and finally the how if it creaked on local ecosystems by invasive species. the report's authors say the decline can be slowed even stopped in some cases but to do that we must transform our relationship with. becoming a living legend to the young age was simply not enough. he transformed his influence on the pitch into political clout the book piece to the ivory coast. hosted by eric cantona. rebels begins with a look at the life of. the football he succeeded with politicians should not. deviate from the auditorium. on opposite. one half scottish and half was the least so diversity is really important to me and al-jazeera is the most diverse place i've ever worked we have so many different nationalities and

this is east brought together in this one news organization and this diversity of perspective is reflected in our coverage giving a more accurate representation of the world we report on and that's a key strength of al-jazeera. several u.s. states take steps towards reopening on the same day that claims for unemployment support it soared past $30000000.00. i'm convinced this is al jazeera live from doha also coming up as the u.s. economy struggles president donald trump further sharpened his rhetoric about china's role in the pandemic. china's a very sophisticated country and they could have contained it. were either unable.