and soon as the sun goes down for the setting sun russia is a very challenging place to work from has begun to live you know always pushing

boundaries pod of the fans but most always on good loving god we are the land grabbing the extra mile the autumn media going to go we go there and we give them a chance to tell their story. this is techno a show about innovations that can change lives the science of fighting wildfires we're going to explore the intersection of hardware and humanity and we're doing it in the unique way. this is a show about science though not high scientists. tonight techno investigates shrimp safety the seafood by nature is a high risk commodity for americans love their shrimp but most of it comes from countries that use expensive antibiotics that could make you ill now techno goes inside the federal testing program american food policy. that's supposed to protect the food supply doctors should use some r. is mechanical engineer. she will share the results of her investigation into how

dangerous is that for human beings and i'm still taurus i'm an entomologist visitor shrimp farm in the middle of indiana yes indiana that could revolutionize the industry well this is like a little laboratory here yes it is an issue for sure santa maria it is a neuroscientist. imagine that you are one of the 1st to take a trip to mars. this is the definition of pioneering that's what makes it exciting that's our team now let's do some science. yes. hey guys and welcome to techno on phil tours joined by dr surely some are in kara santa maria because i'm not going to one of my favorite things is shrimp soon ruling away on a hot grill but i also have

a fair amount of hesitation when it comes to actually knowing where that shrimp comes from then you may not realize it but shrimp raised overseas can have high levels of antibiotics and other additives that don't always pass american safety standards and america imports a lot of shrimp ira 1000000000 pounds worth so we also the food and drug administration the agency responsible for policing us ports if we can follow them while they test unsafe shipments. america has a jumbo appetite for shrimp you know it's a little piece of flesh that they can eat easy it's kind of like popcorn of the sea americans it's an average of 4 pounds pop past a year. at fred 62 days chef fred eric serves a lot of shrimp it's very difficult as a chef or restaurant or to buy shrimp with the confidence that what you're serving . it's going to be good type of rush to make sure. americans taste comes with

a price. 90 percent of the shrimp eaten in the u.s. is imported. much of it from countries like india thailand and indonesia sometimes trip is raised overseas using production drugs like antibiotics that are approved for use in those countries but not approved for use in the u.s. johns hopkins microbiologist david love surveyed federal data on drugs found in imported shrimp some of the top drugs that we found in shrimp were i'm sure if your aunts chloramphenicol tetracycline self on a meds and instructed meissen what does it mean for the consumer to be exposed to antibiotic resistant bacteria if you get an infection from these bacteria it can be hard to treat using antibiotics especially if these bacteria are resistant to the antibiotics that your doctor would prescribe. bombs that use antibiotics

often farm with overcrowded pawn diseases are a big deal in shrimp farming there's a can be a high mortality rate in some shrimp farms. the food and drug administration polices shrimp imports. $5500000000.00 pounds the thing it is imported into the united states every year and much of it ends up in a cold storage facility like this one in southern california but only a tiny fraction of all of that seafood is actually inspected so we've come here today to find out exactly how the f.d.a. . emily morrison is a veteran f.d.a. inspector we've collected one subsample out of 50 grand. boxes

and now i'm in the process of bagging them up. put them in coolers. and ship it to the lab a computer system red flags imports believed to pose the greatest risk based on country of origin and the company's past history of violations seafood by nature is a high risk commodity dunson least has inspections at the ports of los angeles so there are many boxes here and there or pots full what percentage of the song gets chosen to be taken to the lab so f.d.a. reviews all electronic transmissions and we utilize things like foreign inspection domestic inspection whether it was sampled and another all that information's gather within the predict application and then that shipment will be given a risk or the higher the risk or the more chances one of these officers will sample that much at. once the f.d.a.

inspectors have picked some close friends specs sent to an f.d.a. lab like this one and find california. the raciest for him maybe i'm working. through i can't imagine. that the shrimp powder is mixed with a chemical solvent dried and liquefied again run through an animal. is an f.d.a. chemist so cause the results are in from the tests what are they showing us in this post for compound $44.00 sponsored programs and how dangerous is that for human beings are true currently standards for human beings because it's costing the. earth. for now for this hour 1. 1 cause of this improvement or more than one so. good size swear. so how many parts

per 1000000000 is this result i was wanting to build here so 2 grains and so pick sides simple when you've managed to find it in the barn or is incredible so that batch of shrimp is not allowed in this country is actually going to be along with the f.d.a. simply isn't testing enough on the imported market to really find all of these violet of residues dr rangan had a study of input to the june 2015 issue of the influential magazine consumer reports of the $205.00 imported farm samples that we found a leaven of those actually had illegal residues of antibiotics on them that comes out to about 5 percent of the imported farm shrimp samples being contaminated with an illegal antibiotic residue the fact that the f.d.a. only tests about point 7 percent of all the shrimp in this country for those

antibiotic residues suggests that the agency is not actually testing enough shrimp to catch the amount of illegal residue products that may be coming into the market however many of the countries that export the shrimp permit the use of antibiotics when you feed low levels of antibiotics every day you're not feeding them enough to necessarily kill bacteria those bacteria can become resistant to those antibiotics and that can make those antibiotics less effective in people if we're infected by those bacteria just as worrisome was the number of shrimp that tested positive for bacteria we found about a 3rd of the shrimp that we had had vibrio contamination vibrio is one of the few food borne illnesses on the rise 7 of the samples we found had mercy that's concerning to you and that's probably primarily associated with the amount of processing that goes on the shrimp production both have the potential to cause illness or the. through the cooking process they can be killed we do know that

there are shrimp farms and shrimp production practices that are doing a lot more to address those issues that are addressing hygiene and addressing other issues so that they aren't heavily reliant on drugs or other chemicals. 600 miles from the nearest ocean nestled in a patchwork of windmills and soybean and corn fields as tiny indiana. a mom and pop indoor salt water shrimp form. their own there are over and i asked her why now welcome darty after travis county . carlina darrell brown accidental shrimp farming pioneers are you going to down 6 pounds with $32.00 dozen basic backyard pools as growing tanks the perfect indoor system with 0 waste no chemicals in the 90 percent survival rate. that's

a 3rd higher than traditional outdoor shrimp farms well this is like a little laboratory here yes it is in the short form yes it is we do 9 tests every single day we do temperature does on oxygen night try c o 2 salinity alkalinity ph ammonia and flop as you can see our water is brown the test for doing here right now is we're trying to see how much bacteria is in our water and we call the settling so you're basically waiting for all those bacteria to go to the bottom and that tells you how much is it how much we have an exact like and for over a certain level then we have to get it out of the tanks otherwise it's going to start suffocating the shrimp that's very important that has to be done every day basically we're not even strip farmers anymore we ask ourselves guardians of water as long as the water does what it's supposed to be doing the script are just fine we add no antibiotics no hormones are ever added into our tanks you heard that right no antibiotics no hormones just fish food salts and baking so it's cold.

head root trophic bio flux is still a process that revolves around bacteria no it looks very room what is this brown that i'm seeing the ground is the bacteria the bacteria is why they sell their way so that they can survive without a major filter here's what's happening below the surface the shrimp eat their feed in excrete the monia the bacteria turns that into talks ignite traits other bacteria turn that into benign night shrieks and as the waters air raided the nitrates turn into a harmless gas and around and around and how long have you had this water for years and how does it compare to other short forms plus some don't have water that law we by mistake actually kept our water it's like it's maturing it's like one now does and we just found out that the older it gets the better it gets and so too for the shrimp the growing process starts every month with about $250000.00 newborns called post larval zz nicknamed pos now we're going to show you about

r p l's and when they come in they're the size of an eyelash so it's hard to see inside this water how many shrimp are actually in here we've passed on to about 17000 it's one of my 6 tanks there so what are all these tubes coming down those are airlines that adds the oxygen as their oxygen and keeps everything in suspense because if this test settles i'll have 20 minutes and then 20 minutes limits me then everything here seems so precise it has to be it's mother nature will it is mother nature but with a lot of help from a mother in indiana i noticed there's foam on top what is this foam foam is mostly c o 2 mixing with their feed that just comes to the top and it will actually disappear so it's part of the process is part of the process. yeah so yes if we get there. this is what you see in the supermarket when you get assurance. they said they can't be friends. they're very translucent and one

of the characteristics we ask for might be the lion tennis fans out there happy. in their intent to start their fest if you can see here this is their only for taxes and he's mad right now that mouthpiece. he's very angry at them has a little horn yeah anything in life that we use them is that that's where it started out. you can see it start being. a month later they're promoted to the production team with a turn in to dinner. 40 after you know you have to keep don't you would have. yes they. are you say in on the bed or the browns so about $500.00 pounds directly to walk ins each month at $18.00 think you very mad i think they. will sold their know how to 2 dozen start up forms in the u.s.

as well as ones in switzerland and spain and these companies are really innovators they're trying out new technology johns hopkins microbiologist david love studies troop reduction gives the production like the bronze a high grade with one caviar when they could ultimately make or break in the business world a lot of these farms might start out with a bang but then fizzle after years because they don't make money for the browns shrimp farming is paying off no financial fizzle only sizzle as the business continues to grow is a really just a bad but the proof of their success is what ends up on the plate in this case innovation tastes pretty good when served with a profit motive so you would. know i still can't get over the fact that possibly the cleanest and arguably the best.

in the world may come from the middle of indiana so brought us on. the table looks a little gross so i get that but it's chemistry in there and everybody in results is really good there's a global problem with using a lot of antibiotics in farming the more antibiotics used the more we're going to start seeing antibiotic resistant superbugs it happens in agribusiness here in the us it happens overseas and it even happens in medical practice you know a lot of people ask why should we care if there's some superbug that can infect shrimp how does that affect us but what they found is that bacteria can actually swap genes so potentially if the bacteria that infect shrimp becomes resistant it could swap the gene into a bacteria that infects us and so that resistance me passed on and the amounts of you know millions of pounds of antibiotics are being used around the world not just in trim but in cattle in poultry as well that is going to catch up to us when it hits our health care so yeah it's called a it's called

a spillover event it's not infection it's an infection that happens in an animal species and then just like that a human can get infected too and it's been the source of most deadly diseases that medicine can't keep up with and that's where you look at the numbers can we have a 1000000000 pounds getting imported here only 2 percent actually gets inspected what about the other 90 percent it's important to have confidence in the system moving forward if we're going to keep eating shrimp and the inspection process missing brandon i mean the amount of shipping that came investors will actually made it into a lab is tiny care what you have coming up for us next you have really interesting story now imagine that you are one of the 1st pioneers to take a trip to mars but also imagine that you're not allowed to come home it's a one way trip which you guys do at. i met a woman who is already signed up and she's raring to go. for decades humanity has been fascinated with

a manned expedition to mars. this is. the definition of pioneering. that doesn't scare here that's what makes it exciting robotic pioneers like mars curiosity rover have been crawling around the cratered landscape uncovering clues. about whether this distant planet can sustain life as we know it do you have the right stuff i have the right stuff jamie del rosario is a 27 year old entrepreneur and c.e.o. of the international metal source a raw materials company that supplies metals to aerospace companies like space x. and lockheed martin she is one of 100 candidates that has been selected by mars one a private company that wants to colonize the red planet the catch there's no return flight home what do you say to people when they say jamie this is

a suicide mission why are you doing it call it as i said mission but it's something that i chose i'm creating my own destiny for myself and and if it's a destiny that would help humanity. i'm all for it. according to mars $11.00 of the main goals of the project is to establish an interplanetary species to preserve the human race. i want to contribute directly to mankind's call for the expansion of the solar system which we have to look for point to stronger than the one she made it to the top 100 the 3rd round of a selection process mars one says started with 200000 online applicants ultimately $24.00 crew members will be chose it. do you think that anybody with enough training could be. common astronaut i believe that if you have. the motivation and it's temptation have of wanting to do it you can a mission to mars is obviously no simple matter pasadena california is home to the

mars program at nasa is jet propulsion laboratory nasa has taken the man to the moon and back but they've approached this journey with a much more deliberate and rigorous training program. i'm now on the base on mars and i will give you a little tour in 20156 volunteer scientists walked out of a dome on the side of a hole why in volcano after being locked away by nasa for 8 months this was a simulated experiment of what life on mars would be like coexisting is one challenge getting there and surviving is an entirely different endeavor landing on mars is still pretty well sometimes it can be quite a terrifying play. dr richard zurich is the chief scientist for the mars program at nasa as jet propulsion laboratory a lot of things have to happen right right know we fly into the atmosphere we have

would he choose the protection but we're also trying to slow down so that we can land softly. we're talking about a very different scale of endeavor we're landing a metric ton down on the planet today we think for human missions to get stuff down on the surface that they can use that they can be there for a long period of time that means 4050 metric tons that's a lot of material today we don't know how to land the mars one has come under critical fire for their project primarily due to funding issues and for reports of recording the mission for reality television show. in march 2015 c.e.o. basilan store took to you tube to respond. they are currently selling our documentary series to international brawls costs or there's no deal in place yet but it's looking very promising there's a lot of interest when we really fill you

a good criticism about our mission because it helps us to improve our mission also tells techno quote there are less serious critics who are only interested to sabotage our mission for example by lying but even if this non-profits mission never launches nasa is laying the groundwork today this is very much in the mode there are going to be humans on mars we're in the 1st stages of trying to understand what it takes to actually be able to explore with humans on the surface of the planet we've made a good start for everybody program 1st it's get down there see what the planet is like get those 1st explorers out there on the surface and then we can see what the future holds not in a 1000000 years but i want to go and colonize mars i mean there's so many risks it's so frightening to me what is the value that's different from me and probably from most of the people living on this planet who are afraid to go some people just

have different goals and missions i want to do something that would change the world or help the world so if you are selected to go to mars do you foresee yourself getting married on mars having children say that. is you know interesting because it will happen do you think that's going to be a part of your training i would think so i mean that's something that we cannot shying away from because we're the new frontiers of colony and i think another part in the solar system are you scare leaving earth behind i will miss it everybody is trying to get to mars and i think what stands out with my swan is a permanent settlement and i think this is the time now. so i'm really interested you guys would you sign up for a one way mission to mars i wouldn't you wouldn't mind where i am i would possibly but i don't think i would sign up for this one way mission the mars jewelers through history so many pioneers and explorers were to be fair

a little bit crazy and sometimes they succeeded but other times they didn't but it always will push progress forward just a little bit through how i think the merit of this project is the fact that the goal lives to try to be able to achieve living on mars and the result of having a go at night which is extremely ambitious is the amount of technology that's going to be developed you know just crazy inventions in innovations that are going to come out of a kind of pie in the sky it's relative you know i think we've talked sustaining life on other planets versus sustaining life hugh wrong earth's really interesting topics today guys so thank you for them we'll have a lot more of these stories next on here in techno we'll see you then. talking about poachers decimated populations of elephants in africa they almost

always ship the ivory out of a different country from where it was poached because that's where you start your search to look in the wrong place this radiocarbon dating method tell us their trade is legal or not then we have a place who can focus law enforcement on take those out and perhaps choke the source of the id from entering the network take no one else is in. the way disease outbreaks have impacted dense urban areas like during the flu pandemic in the early 1900 has played a role in how our cities look and run urban planners reacted to that flu and other outbreaks changing how cities were zoned and led to updated infrastructure like ventilation and improved sanitation but after what's been learned from pandemics and their influences on our skylines and way of life we also need to keep pace and adapt it's easy to assume that cities are fertile ground for spreading viruses and diseases millions living working at commuting in such conditions but one expert says it's about much more than just density it's about how all this was put

together and how it's run. from imprisoned dissidents to inspiration. from founding the independent state to fiercely defending his people from ethnic cleansing in the conclusion of a 2 part documentary series i just see a world expose the rise to power of the 1st independent herzegovina. is a bigger bridge. from prisoner to present them on a. al jazeera explores prominent figures of the 20th century and how rivalries influenced the course of history steve jobs a much better marketeers than bill gates. likes bad stuff bill made software what it is today will change the world to high tech visionaries whose breakthroughs inspired a digital revolution jobs and gates face to face on al-jazeera.

this is al-jazeera. 11 don't want to come out santa maria and this is the news hour from al-jazeera a dark day for democracy hong kong police out on the streets implementing a sweeping new security law to stop protesters from demonstrating also in the news tightening his grip on power russians are voting on a referendum that could save the stay on.