ireland says they are too sweet the country's supreme court claims the rolls contain too much sugar to be legally considered bread the ruling was made in a case about how the bread is taxed in ireland it means the roles offered by the u.s. chain which has branches in more than $100.00 countries can't be deemed a staple food an island. is a quick look at headlines now france and russia say they have evidence that syrian fighters have joined the battle of the nagorno-karabakh they believe the fight has traveled through turkey to join the fight on behalf of azerbaijan they're going to care about his internationally recognized as part of azerbaijan but it's controlled by armenian separatists a flare up in fighting over the past week is the deadliest in decades they have been protests across india over the gang rapes and subsequent deaths of 2 women from the marginalised dalat community police prevented opposition politicians from

travelling to the site of one of the attacks and emergency laws have now been imposed after clashes erupted following one of the victims cremation in are all the news the e.u. is launching legal action against the u.k. over plans to breach part of the brics it divorce agreement electro formal notice has been sent to the british government a case could wind up in at the european court of justice but it is one of the topics that leaders from the bloc of discussed during a summit taking place in brussels. this morning the commission has decided to send a letter formal notice to the u.k. government this is the 1st step in an infringement procedure. the letter invites the u.k. government to send its observations within a month. and besides these of the commission will continue to work hard towards a full and timely implementation of the withdrawal agreement we stand by our

commitments leading russian opposition figure legs in a volley is accused president vladimir putin of ordering his poisoning volley was released from a bell in hospital last week after treatment for a nerve agent attack he collapsed on a flight in russia's siberia region an organist kremlin has repeatedly denied any involvement. and police in southern egypt have reportedly shot and killed a man while making an arrest during protests this is video from the nia area and looks or the unrest follows nearly a week of rallies across egypt protesters have been calling for president abdel fatah sisi to step down as well as demonstrating against a deteriorating economy the stream is next looking at recent tension between ethiopia and egypt over the nile.

i am fairly ok awoken to the stream i have to show you this video take a look at this. this is the great if you are in a sense dammit it's great because when it is finished it will be the largest hydroelectric project in africa but this billions of dollars project has sparked of it to dispute between some of the knowledge base and countries in this episode of the strain we will look at what has been known as the geology the good will that means for people living in the now basin and where the political ends in egypt ethiopia and sudan can come to an agreement.

i guess is really good to see i was a i think the guest protests will introduce themselves to you but don't know it nice to have you on this train tell everybody who you are i thank you for having me writing a suspect elaborate on what are scientists researchers based on that. thanks for joining us i show what people need to know about you for the purposes of our conversation today thank you for having me in my memory just ran my professor of peace and conflict research. you know squat chair on international water corporation that groups allow us to do so we don't i have been working on my list for since mid ninety's it's nice to have you had i timothy tell everybody who you are. the names of the kaldis i'm a fellow of the doctor and super middle east policy i work on egypt's foreign policy and political economy both of which are intertwined deeply with these questions around the garden. dollar and i say the great ethiopian renascence dam

was the 1st thing that comes to mind. relations as the name and place it is really a project that's really close indeed to the hearts of people and if you're p.x. . it's actually the people saying we're claiming our destiny again we're saying no to poverty we're saying no to injustice we're saying no to i'm dignified life and yet everything flows from their sense of the people minding the project on their own billions of dollars i mean we're not a rich country so it's a lot that people are willing to fund this this by checked on their own so essentially is there an essence of if you look at essential piece and you go to poverty no 2 undignified lights and saying yes to a better future. that is a wrong view from ethiopia timothy if you could tap into. public view in in egypt how might that be different when they hear about the good when we talk about the great ethiopian renascence dam well it's not perspective like from egypt there's

a lot of worry there's a lot of worry about what the dam will do to the place of the nile which is the source of virtually all the water that is used in egypt it's vital for agriculture of vital or people to go deeper drinking have access to notable water it's vital for the industry. doesn't really have an alternative that's viable that could replace that so there's a lot of stress about there's a lot of concern about the inability bus far to achieve any sort of binding agreement on the conduct of how that how the dam will be used and how water will be regulated. it's a lot of it's a lot of concern let me just bring in the president of egypt and the prime minister in ethiopia to see how they all framing this hydroelectric which a project so listen. i'm dana. we have spent the better part of a decade entire some negotiations with our brothers in the sudan and ethiopia through

which our aim was to reach an agreement on the filling and operation of the dam what it really said in the in the indeed the nile river must not be monopolized by one state for egypt the nile water is an existential matter and. i want to make it abundantly clear that we have no intention to harm these countries rather we are essentially doing is to meet our electricity demands from one of the cleanest service of energy we cannot afford to continue keeping more than 65000000 of our people in the dark. if you could prove down what the essential debate is here why would the president of the skinny president of egypt the prime minister of ethiopia be talking about a dam project in the way that. i think this is not on the what another day i think

this is. just development project enough because this will make. lead to 10 minute. news nile water this will go along pretty some of the domination of egypt on the nile nile has been been said before between egypt and saudi from the last time that it will be a change but i think this is where. the critical point lies that how it will be on the basis of cooperation and i think this is what is. on the way things are but well i'm now. particularly deep has realized that the bomb has come up so it's just from all it's going to want a negotiated settlement and the 2 of particularly friending i have $1000000000.00 on this lot massive project which is much more important but it's stepping up and it also wants to. deal with the local connected to put it in mental

we want to show really to focus on people to impact on people politicians are having a conversation as well to speak people i would need to listen to some of the philippines have been looking on because you see if you start this is what they have to say about the project. seize the city so she's a woman called under-resourced we have to leave you never been depicted here today to. anybody isn't that. they don't seem to be able to complain only because we have these our resources. our country has a huge problem with electricity. it will help us break free from the bondage of poverty and reach every household at each other so if you see that do you see how transformative silent treatment in ethiopia could be i have no

doubt that the people sincerely believe this is a vital project for them in their development it's quite clear if you know gains on social media have made that very clear to me in the past and it may not make sense to the majority of utopian been living without electricity. in 2020 that's unacceptable and and i totally understand why they would want to support a project that could change that there also as as was noted by our other guest personally invested in this literally many of the o.p.'s have bought bonds and helped to finance the construction of this dam so they have a personal stake in the well it will not respect. that's not my i mean for mike if you that's not really what's in dispute the dispute is around the management but it's about how will there be an agreement about ensuring that the flow of the water will not harm downstream countries or not significantly harm them and to ensure that in periods of drought that there isn't

a significant reduction in the flow which could have adverse impacts on the agricultural and and fishing environment in both sudan and egypt but then i was really surprised to see this i'm interested in and i'm your take on this this is the ministry of tourism and antiquities sharing social basically and saying this is the source of the nile we are really important the not even put a thing egypt and they are seriously appealing to the international public to actually be on their side if there can be a sign when you talking about a dam will t. make you fat. i'm not surprised and i way there's this constant narrative of equating the noun to the existential life of egypt and some of the also mentioned earlier bad and islands are the only. egypt which is not factually true there is a massive amount of groundwater resources in egypt under who found what not learned

in a massive amount of gravel but that's my point now you know but nonetheless a massive amount of ground water 55 trillion trillion cubic meters of water there's a decided they should potential so let's not to frame it as if the night is the only lifeline of egypt it is indeed a major source of that would go up the surface water of egypt and egypt has been developed based off of that this huge civilization well known run free now answer the migration was based of that built on that so nobody denies the right of egypt to dave and the sense that it's but by the added earlier yeah everybody has that has the right to life and right of life is tied to watch especially in a region like them out base in which crosses 11 countries but i agree with president sisi early action that actually not be monopolized by any one country and history shows us that that has been monopolized by one country so the dam is not

the problem here it's the status quo in that region that i'm just status quo in that region that's the root of all the problems in the egypt so if we really want to move forward that the data is not what we have to talk about the demos are very minute issues compared to the grand scheme the grand issues that we have to talk about delhi we really have to move forward very mcdonagh anybody going to go to mit to material thing is frowning timothy will be hung up on the head i mean but. i totally acknowledge that your respect the nile waters historical start to monopolize control and i totally understand why no bits of countries have drug to. suggest. that these alternative sources of water could make up for cuts in flow 'd really poorly reflects on you because you understand as a lot of researcher that that the rate of flow is not going to be supplemented by the sale and desalination nor outlying i'm saying stuff and let you know flow the

reduction of flow affects fisheries affects agriculture desertification of land egypt is legitimate concerns i'm not saying that you know he doesn't they do but let's talk seriously about the fact that both of these countries have serious concerns as opposed to pretending like one doesn't. i'm not pretending at rest of us is really a serious issue to me but if we are if we're talking seriously and which is why i keep mentioning them that issue is not what they what exactly are you talking about when you talk about reduction in the floor the floor which egypt is used is historically the 55500000000 cubic meters that you just look at and for itself in the mind of if you know in agreement that's a nonstarter for if you look at it also all the other we carry on countries this is why i say the bird is not the data is not the fundamental part and they would say that it's a good idea and has been saying that the flow which is objectively untrue this is how does this is i don't how to project i have proof you know no one else is going to guess with my words to guess just just just tell me what i may you say this is

made of military let nonstory let me let let me just take a pause remember because remember yes this conversation should start with the people and we acknowledge that the politicians are arguing about this percentage not percentage but let's start with the people because they are the people who are actually going to be impacted let me bring in some egyptian farmers and make delhi right i really am interested in what you have to say to that so let's bring in those egyptian farmers and hear that perspective. police have changed their hair temperatures than normal during this time and in winter it gets colder than before there is more change in the common than before temperature mouth hair than ever and it has affected our farming how to look out and. there is very little nile water in winter sometimes as a bit more but mainly because the land doesn't need a lot of water in the winter but in the summer we don't get anything going to. the

dam is already started to fill as the dam fills there will be less water available . for education outdoor land that means that people will have less water in an area that is historically desperate what do you have to say to them if they lose their avalon's they lose their livelihoods how do you. first of all the good is a hydro power project which means it's not consumptive it's not consumptive lose the water but you're right in framing it that while the dad was filling up the water was likely reduce the risk the narrative that the farmers were giving now resembles more issues with climate change than the actual building of the dam because this year the amount of water that was held in the data support point might 1000000000 cubic meters that is just 10 percent of the ad when the united flow not even the night if not the united or so i think it's quite the fibrous may have that impression and i don't blame them at all but it's disingenuous to link any kind of

climate to core agricultural impacts that egypt farmers may be facing with the good weather that said however yes there are people living on the ground in both sudan and egypt actually dependent on the water as there are people in ethiopia that is why the that is why cooperation is not is not an option and then that would be someplace safe but that but just because i mean life is life writes a life an egyptian farmer it is equally important as to a life of if you're going farmer so i only have love and empathy to everybody building along and that reason because i have personally seen how much people are dependent on this water personally that is why i advocate for an act of limits and that we use going forward especially when you take climate change and sustainability issues into mind the watcher will not be enough for us if we keep at this narrow myopic way of utilising international capitalizing on nationalistic

nationalistic sentiments and national interests cooperation is yes the wake but we have to address the basic basic problem which is that unfair what are looking at that base and and i knew my resume's it down which i want to sustain and. i i hear you i also see asho wringing his hands is the phrase going back and forth between. if you can guess and also i guest here is a speaking about the perspective from egypt. what is going on e how do you get out of the situation. this i have been hearing part of the gates and i think this will continue to go on that he had better rooted and behind it there's a lack of trust and the lack of trust i've been because i think a lack of communication. it is a hydropower dam it is not going to take the water out of the system it will produce a huge amount of behavioral fault which will be beneficial to put a large number of utopia and also the network in country and it will have some kind

of. challenge for the you know wild appealing but damn it to egypt but egypt also has been using the walk out on baby on sustainable manner but i get cultural porpoises for a long period of time so i think about what does happen to each that i've got a possibility of i just think what of that priority to finding a. solution are i mean in a way that the book and also by they can all been in the top 8 and i think that's where the problem is the problem either one of the students are not deciding the what and this is because of the politicizing this what or what propelled what i know to be this is what you would see how built up a situation of the kind of public. but sub some airball dam in ethiopia and the dam in egypt are very very different and i think it's a very important part of politicians who would be sure to tell you what don't be politicized the what and talk about but what i talk about the glock and talk about

the people that i've been getting into that are nasty down politics yeah i see even downright noting that timothy is not knowing let me just bring it up with saddam and he said well i'm going to give a little bit i just i disagree with some of the other points about the limit of the m yeah i he let me just bring in this it's i mean he's a horn of africa research fellow at chatham house on it. after a decade of still reaching a successful deal between the 3 countries on the day as well as an outdated or to sharing agreements it's going to be. a requires brave leadership right deescalation of nationalist rhetoric as well as a compromise by or sides to ensure that the gaps in the road between. there's diplomatic success as i actually need it for both regional stability and progress to me he put down has already started to be feel it has egypt negotiate when the dam is being field right now who has been enormous trumpery it from the outset it

so that it has very little if any leverage over to get directly which is why it has sought international mediation for quite some time now because it realize this that it alone can't really pressure ethiopia ethiopia has more or less proceeded with talks but been imposing facts on the ground and sort of a fait accompli situation that egypt hasn't been able to to move the needle on. and i think that they realize that which is why they appeal to the u.n. security council to the united states the world bank to get it how it's other allies in the hope that they can find somebody else who perhaps has a little bit more leverage over ethiopia but another they're in a very difficult situation now that in general i see i see nodding your head this is the headline that embassy rachet quite recently here might not tell us a spends 8 ethiopia of a blue now damn dispute it feels like you're being pressurized and how you. as ethiopians responding to that pressure. to say we're being pressurized this one

and your statement but let's be fair to the process it's been close to 10 years and we have agreed on many many issues regarding the filling of the dam and 2015 we had the declaration of principles where these 3 countries agreed on basic principles of negotiations and sustainable use of the now what is which is a big step and that agreement we also agreed that the construction and negotiations are down will go in that so it's not it's actually disingenuous to say to make it look like if you like calling the new go whole thing the discussions while trying to while i don't know some kind of start to starling or timothy put it by a company project that's not exactly true so there was that that significant progress and then we have also agreed on that say the feeling there might that greater feeling of the dancer we generally there's an agreement on how many years it should take to fill that gap so there's an agreement under 4 to 7 years there's

an agreement on many many other technical issues there are just 3 sticking points and negotiations now so it's actually i don't think it's right to. to to paint the negotiations as a complete failure we have come a long way not as fast as we should have the negotiations are a tiresome process and it shouldn't take the starting student not only bringing to end but they are very good and we really have come a long way in. that actually let me bring you in here i want to share this with you before before you comment this is your hand is and he was talking to us on twitter but on the polarized narratives egypt and ethiopia must keep negotiating in good faith followed by cooperation and applying international water nor were we now ashour after a decade are we close. i think i think that it's. been locked down something that is a few sticking points which one of the measure one is that the that is the longer

that i says and how that will be you know put it down that time under so where does the. agreement which would be signed or that he do will be a legally binding agreement which will have how it will be catered i think they got but 2 major points which i concede and i think the thing is that everybody said that he didn't need it it did not extremely difficult points to believe that he did political willingness to wait on fortunately they need to. somehow calm down and look at this and i think what that's property started in the sniper distracted posture yet of course this was a deal that was it doesn't want the tutor at the moment but that was a practice if you will be appealed it we don't then they meant what it does been and i think that is they still get 10 months of time they can negotiate they really don't have the possibility of negotiating for the long term basis they can possibly negotiate for a couple of a one year or 2 years i mean much faster but me i think though that one thing which

i one percent the kind of thing i think the african union is simple fashion. you are sinking is that is what i was thinking of is that tulip was sinking and i wanted to drink a living here kind of bittersweet since the african union is the only legitimate authority with the credibility to manage guide and facilitate negotiation process after all is another place in is an african river basin azure. yeah this is what i was trying to say because i think of all the fights time in egypt brought about to bring united states to the negotiating really did it but it is us of the from part of history been taught the pissants didn't have the real you not to really push this segment to go what a pro but if you haven't broken the go see if you're going to want to force their government but to me that it probably looks incoming or whatever but i think then you just went to the security council security council you must know that they don't really get into this kind of damage and i think that are all kinds of

problems within security council to get into i think after going to you when you and i do say i think what because why african union i mean up to anyone and it's up to you no longer nations if you don't use words but i think one thing that all these 3 member. countries treat a member solve it so we'll be able to pull a possibly it will kind of box acceptability but also if i may that if i may just if it's timely because we keep moving talk about it's a decade so we could talk about this when alan special but i want to play you what he did say that slim who actually reminds us what the entire. great having relations standpoint was all about me and the only way for countries to secure their interests here is through cooperation that would allow sudan and egypt to ensure that ethiopia commits to allowing enough water downstream during filling during times of drought and ultimately this will ensure that egypt and sudan get

a minimum or to supplies and also that all countries are able to benefit from the rice on stem and his ambition and initially wants for it to be a regional project with advantages not just to ethiopia but other countries. being in discussion debates for a decade we could play can't possibly address the 25 minutes but mcdowell right and timothy and ashley he did a fantastic job of boiling it down and really connecting it to the people of the now basin as well as the one thing that struck me when you were talking about the dam project is a double entendre that i won't go into deeper with thank you for your perspective really piecing with some to me ok signing off in the television studio thanks for watching.

business leaders to find the brass paul.

business leaders just want to find a brass pot. what once was affects what will be the one chechen choreographer to dish in the future after in fact in twine through passion and has been racy he preens home and energy nation and with them the attention of a losing it is one facing of the future and not from the need to sign east chechnyans down its witness on a dizzying era. 2 years after the murder of a saudi journalist. the globe with amounts of transparency continues. with the show ever see justice. still get killed. on it just to.

be the hero the world needs right. washer. omarion was a nandan our main story this hour there are crimes that syrian fighters have joined the conflict between azerbaijan and armenia france and russia saying they have evidence that syrian fighters traveled through turkey to join the fight on behalf of azerbaijan robin forster walker has our report the spoils of war shown by as every public television of the median tanks and other hardware proof the army says of terror troops taken in the disputed new good account after reaching all of them with the riley believing army did learn from the enemy we see several.