city countries and perhaps less interest. in increasing international recruitment which was the trend in previous years you also might see on the other side that the higher skilled people are less likely to want to move around so there might be a reduction in mobility in the medium term and always entry of the reduced opportunities it will. go again i'm fully back to go with the headlines on al-jazeera present donald trump says he plans to take sudan off the u.s. list of state sponsors of terrorism but only after a pace 335000000 dollars to american terabit timbs and their families trumps announcement comes as he tries to encourage more arab countries to establish diplomatic relations with israel he morgan is in khartoum she says the agreement is

a milestone for sudan and it's something that means a lot to sudanese government because the country has been cut off from foreign investment largely because of being on the list of states sponsoring terrorism and this has resulted in a shortage of hard currency which makes it very hard for the country to import basic commodities such as fuel and weeks and that has resulted in shortages in a petrol stations and bakeries it's also lead to inflation of more than 200 percent making many from families many of them who live below the poverty line struggle to get 3 meals a day. countries across europe are taking emergency action in a desperate effort to stop the rapid spread of coronavirus poland is transforming its national seem into a field hospital while both highland and wales are heading back into short periods of lock down in the us new gold in 1000 infections of reach your highest level since late july most of the cesa showing a rise in the number of new cases the us is a wells was affected country the us has charged 6 former russian military officers

for global cyber attacks a justice department says hackers targeted events like the men pics in tokyo the french presidential election and they also cost american businesses nearly a 1000000000 dollars guinea's electoral body has dismissed the main opposition candidates claim a victory in the presidential election. is a main challenger to incumbent condé who is seeking a 3rd term after changing the constitution a move that sponsor protests the international red cross says a c.s.i. is needed in the goneril car box so the group can carry out humanitarian work the latest fighting between armenia and azerbaijan over the disputed region broke out 3 weeks ago those are the headlines on al-jazeera coming up next inside story just stay with this.

there's pandemic fatigue setting in often any idea of lockdowns around the world have many simply lost patience with social distancing and all the safety measures and is the virus going to spread more rapidly during the coming northern winter this is inside story. hello and welcome to the program i'm in wrong with no end in sight for the coronavirus crisis governments are warning of pandemic fatigue protective measures are being flouted and more of us are dropping god and that health experts warn threatens yet another resurgence in infections until

a vaccine is develop social distancing a mosque wiring remain critical in containing the virus but after months of lock downs and disruptions of normal life many people say they simply exhausted the world health organizations result director for europe hans clue who said i believe it is possible to reinvigorate and revive efforts to tackle the evolving coded 19 challenges we face it is essential that we respond together and that community's own response policies with authorities by balancing science social and political needs we can develop precautionary measures that are culturally accepted. the latest virus wave has been particularly strong in europe france has introduced a nighttime curfew in 9 cities that will last for a month it is also limited gatherings to 10 people in spain a 15 day state of emergency is in force for the capital madrid and surrounding areas leaving or entering the city remains banned except essential purposes

germany's ban on large gatherings has been extended to the end of the year in some parts of the country anyone failing to wear mask coverings in public areas faces a fine and england has introduced a 3 tier system of local lockdowns on monday the 1st minister of wales announced a 2 week. begin friday. i. let's bring in our panel joining us from manchester in england is peter kenyon professor of clinical psychology at the university of liverpool in geneva switzerland dr any spare a professor of population health science and policy at mount sinai hospital she's also an emergency and critical care physician and from the greek capital athens alric rocha in a professor of european studies at stanford university in berlin welcome all to the program now let me begin with any sparrow 1st in geneva any i'm fed up of learning

mosque i'm fed up of not seeing my family i'm fed up of not being able to get on a plane and go somewhere i'm just fed up of this whole thing i'm fed up of the tests who much trying to blame here am i trying to blame the governments for their lack of handling the w.h.o. for bad advice where is the blame is any one organization to blame. or don't we wish that in that part of the problem isn't it that we spend more time blaming and obsessing and you're not just politicizing the greater bad turly pathologist in the science even so that even when we do have the evidence we is to politicize we got really care anymore and in the u.s. bonds ample science is simply a proxy for political problem and it's becoming evidence resigned and that's one of the issues that we've lost faith in the c.d.c. which is also been dominated by politics and the major is often held hostage by member states who don't want to give the dutch and we see that very clearly in with the an ad from the very beginning with china with its long delay in reporting

its long history of cover ups and 9 and yet has primary role is coordination to fundamentally contextually between a process by any nation castigating arguably the central figure so what we're all fed up with been living in this state of limbo now for 910 months and that's a problem is we can't see the end in sight and and i think one of the most. distressing thing is a disturbing is actually there is and we didn't have to control it we can't control it if we stop actually treating test as simply a marker of. disease and actually think about how do whether or not people are contagious not when you don't have to wear a mask and more if we could actually. test into a test not for cleaning itself which at munt we use p.t. which is a pretty binary measure which says you can it really happen but it detects dead are in a dead pregnancy in the in your knowledge is now as well as

a lot of when you're dead or alive p.c.i. doesn't necessarily discern with your 2 days in detection or 35 days into it so it's not a great britain that it's a terror test for contagious disease which is actually a much shorter period of about 7 or $8.00 to $10.00 days max marine and what we need to do is actually transform all those rapid test into test and contagiousness so that we can do those every day at home and that would be the new mask but then give us back agency in control of our lives so you take that test every day and if it's positive then the surprise late in the past might need to look test turned negative again and then you can build that in every community into the workplace into hundreds into schools into airports and we can have our lives back that's what we need i mean i don't think we get our lives back when you're talking about a change in lifestyle i mean if we're testing every day that's not our old lives back or a book and. the great cattle athens i mean is there

a way that we might get our old lives back. well i must say i'm positive if you're surprised when i look at the german discourse how our lives have adapted to normal and it's not about a blame game it's not about not having anything what one can do in a similar way as in the past but people do adopt and people do what one could call social learning we see that board games spending gets up to 20 percent people spend time together in and out of a long way people aren't aware and ask which was not at all athenian germany other than in asian countries and we never had a situation that the government pretends to know that or to enforce things on the people and rather try to communicate how little they know and that the trial arrowing close cooperation with scientists is what's the strategy is about and that

is much better than i personally would have thought 9 months ago how the whole development goes. and the fire are we all in this situation where it feels like not just me but the entire world is in one massive science experiment that we don't really know where we're going with this we're just it's like all right says it's trial and error is not. well it is with never had to do this before we really haven't i mean a sigh as it were iraqi doesn't really affect it only 21 countries didn't travel as past it never actually reached europe or the united states is it going to really reach canada or and and toronto at that and a border which we know which was scary as all silly actually causes bible and doesn't travel in and we need the same way swine flu is very very manageable and we don't know the mass of this virus we don't understand it we finally sort of a cut knowing that it's not only transmissible $2.00 to $3.00 days proposed to the

pm its symptoms appear and winter comes do appear that mild and differentiate people can't headache when she is on different from 3 from common colds in no we're approaching with this evening but meanwhile in the southern hemisphere or in the course sub-saharan africa that's the same symptoms i see in malaria patients so if we we have a virus that has risen with symptoms it transmits a thing to medically and eat most people who actually get it done even transmit onwards which makes contact tracing a bust. most of the spread is in the community in places the congregation called and elation and concentration hunts prisons. packed herbs restaurants and you know it does or doesn't that's how we actually have to take a cue from the virus and actually pick you out how to. test the contagion when so much of the contagion is happening when you don't have symptoms we can't use diva

as a you know as a. optic business it just isn't because. by the time symptoms appear to body probably infected people if you are going to. and you've missed the point so yeah i think we are living in a kind of experiment and we'll still some of this is even exploited in the same way that china must wait rolled out millions and millions of test. in a city of of several 1000000 and i think are they doing that as easy once it is getting picked for a new test or they're using it as a kind of brought about people's imbalance and social control. we had with the you know these apps being all that that's a big hit of coverage isn't there contact with an apps and yet there's no evidence that they just that and he supports the retina and meanwhile it is subordinating people to the actual virus when we need to think about putting people at the center of it because yes we're all fed up i mean this humans i was that became

a brilliant cook can now we're just learning to actually connect and put our kids back in school who actually had the are the biggest victims you know the least infected but the worst affected and that's one of the that's probably the biggest catastrophe of this entire and demick and how it managed it according to the in when the play book then this is called with this is the coded playbook. it's a condition you're a professor of clinical psychology. we are living in this kind of odd science experiment where we are trying to figure out our way through this pandemic but it's not just a science experiment is that this is having mental health issues on an impressive dented scale and i use that word deliberately there is no precedent for this this well i'm not so sure that i think there are some precedents both in recent history and a bit longer so one of the things to remember here is that human beings do actually respond quite well to crises we respond well as communities and we respond well we

have evolved to work together as good as a community in order to survive droughts floods predations of wild animals and insects so we as a species are quite good at coming together and responding to external challenges i think we also have had the president of the 918 influenza. pandemic and so we have learnt about some of the social challenges the social changes and the behavioral changes that people need to make in order to keep safe. witness for instance the way in which different american cities in 1018 either did or didn't suffer major 2nd waves of infections and we can't we can't learn from the past and i think. some of our politicians are not so good thing from the past i think the other thing to say is the incredibly so show we're incredibly co-operative credibly inventive animals humans as overlook is right people learn to adapt i think the difficulty they were having at the moment with the response that

we need to make to this pandemic in order to keep us and those people that we love safe is not so much fatigue as the fact that we need our political and economic systems to support and not frustrate the changes that we need to make so i think that we would all be relatively good at sticking to moves. if we knew what the rules were and why they were being introduced and it was explained and certainly in the u.k. we've got quite a chaotic evolution of moves at the moment i live in greater manchester and the maverick greater manchester when the prime minister of great britain. the united kingdom or i mean some dispute over what should be in manchester that's not a good recipe for people following the rules and economically and socially we need education system business arrangements the way in which we are paid money in my case the way in which i work to support the necessary changes i need to make in order to keep myself safe and not frustrate them so i'd rather we didn't look at

individual fatigue or frustration but more about how governments can take major steps to make it easier for us to protect ourselves now you mention 1918 then the flu epidemic the one crucial difference between 118 and 2020 is social media facebook twitter you know that sphere of information that's free flowing often can be wrong people can now go and find anything they want the backs up their argument and they can even say we know what moscow what because i read something on social media where in this bubble right now where people are in echo chambers and simply because of the confusing advice coming from many governments around the world seeking their own advice and getting even more confused. well again social media is undoubtedly a phenomenon of our time the internet and connectivity it is a phenomenon of our time but that's both good and bad so you know if there were new

rules for the best way to protect myself and the people i love brought into force right now where i live in greater manchester i could find out about that almost instantly through social media and our ancestors in 1800 didn't have that functionality if we have clay or. policies that will support us economically and in our lifestyles bought up by government those can be enacted and people can be informed about the next dreamy swiftly because the connected world that we have we can even adapt to very much isolated behavior so we can we can interact with social media i didn't one tasting on facebook only on friday night so we can do things to sustain our lifestyles in a positive way using a connectivity yes idiots and people with malicious motives can use social media to spread disinformation. directors of public health local

authorities governments and you know professional organizations the national health service can also convey information useful information rapidly and i think the on the whole as all excited people are willing to learn to adapt to absorb information so i think on the whole are connected society that we have now is probably an advantage to us relative to night a 19 more than a disadvantage i think however we could do something at a work of on making sure that accurate information is betrayed across social media that would be a good thing i mean the interesting this coming out of this conversation is all 3 of you are actually agreed on the fact that this is a long term thing that changes need to be made long term but that's going to have an impact said dr tony sparrow mention children i want to begin with you over a brooklyn. story in athens. it is going to be a generational change children and that has to have

a long term impact the most sensitive pointing under look at the different parts of society seems to be a good schooling that and home schooling in particular because it's a major challenge for families that are not at all prepared for it's not to speak up the infrastructure of schools using an average country like germany this is where you get the most complaints everything else like adapting lifestyles and also thinking and because terms like when we look at the plate for example this has always been a part of that europe in history that came with the trade foods it was a natural phenomenon and when you look at places like that if they knew how to live with international trade and the fury of being threatened by a pandemic but when it comes to 'd children to adopt from now i learnt what school is as a elementary school kid and now i have to do everything in some sort of

a self organized way or to have parents who can replace teachers this is a major step and i'm afraid some of them will lose more than a few occasions does any star or do you think governments are prepared for this generational change that's going to have to happen does it take when it comes to things like schooling at home and parents having to get involved. absolutely not it's you know the way it's called which i've done is not informed by science i mean when we looked at of the earliest as we could see reckon beginning in real time that children went been affected in that they would be infected they would be affected now this is a cause for a really global celebration if it were like influenza where we just pick and clicks you know young children teenagers pregnant moms then we would be globally heartbroken right now we would have you know more than one of a 1000000 deaths and and so many of those would be children and children sorry we're actually pretty lucky that in that not of course that our elderly are dying

with that we are. that and our children are not which are our hope and our common future and this is why we need to actually get behind a children globally because individual governments are not prepared that often does for a child it's a domino effect where they said well i did it because the one else was doing it very very few only in sweden and i did it because it's schools as we know it 3 aged 15 germany also never produced a case and this and we had some data which actually says the state places teachers in that primary and goes up to 15 decades and has had a lower risk it's protected to be more around children we don't understand a lot of this yet but what we do know is that we have made children borgo the education in the interests of stopping community transmission when schools are actually not a place of. transmission at all and we know that so you mean well now we have with

head up 1600000000 children out of school we still have nearly 600000000 and more than half of those girls and we know that there are going to be and a half a 1000000 child brides this year because many girls are not ever going to return to school will listen and we've seen. you know some of the problems with mental health with physical health you can't just tell her you know a 6 year old actually 10 year old countries learn online and even if they can't they i mean we have to remember that you know family mean kids don't have internet are not connected and even if they are actually it's schools are very important places of of connection physically with and it's not just education is it it's the connection with friends it's a social development emotional development physical activity the services are provided at schools whether they're in new speech in disability in children with learning challenges it faces sports it's all of the things with critical to

actually learning how to be to you know to interact and be a part of this world. that would be to condemn in about i just want to bring him head there is i mean this is anecdotal so just bear with me here but when there was when china has one child policy what it was finding was a lot there was a whole generation of kids growing up who were very selfish and so china relaxed like i say this isn't scientific this is anecdotal i'm just trying to explain how i understand it so china relaxed that policy when you did your wine tasting on friday night you remember what it's like to actually physically be somewhere and be with your friends and all of that but now we have this generation who are going to be doing all of this online who are going to be doing all this digitally who don't have the benefit of remembering what it was like before that has to have a significant impact on society not. i think these things are going to have a major impact on society i think it's going to pandemic and dependent it is

a fearful event and then also the economic consequence is going to have a major impact on the society particularly on a young young people what isn't anecdotal is the levels of anxiety and depression are already voicing and i young people now already pressures on mental health services and i'm already seeing a regrettable in my opinion an increase in the prescription of psychiatric medication and i think that it's inevitably going to have that sort of impact i'd not sure that we can say this stage whether the disruption to schooling or the focus on. less interaction between children is going to have one particular effect on the development of another but i think you're right in suggesting that the impact on our young people is going to be particularly severe generally this is going to have a major impact on our psychological wellbeing i would however say that we shouldn't in my opinion respond to this by focusing too much on the individual and ever was

made by individuals or changes in personality trait vigils or ending focusing on mental health problems in individuals we need to think about this as a collective issue about what will happen if the whites. if there is a major drop in production if there are major changes the economic infrastructure and if there's a major disruption to a generation or to kowtow to cohorts of children going through schooling and we need to think about it in the community terms well the focus on individual and i guess i'm concerned that we're starting to see an increase in the rates of psychiatric medication being sqlite because that indicates that we as a community of focusing on the suffering of individuals and i think we need to have our mind focused on what we can do collectively as a community in a society to protect ourselves and each other and to continue with a well ordered society. more than saying the individuals to teach a story we are running out to tell you i do have a question for all 3 of you actually that involves that like you say we are talking

about the idea that things are going to change going to change significantly and that needs to be dealt with on a community level let's begin things with you is it time for a global pandemic summit where everybody gets involved like every single government so far it seems to be haphazard each government is doing something slightly different with slightly different domestic agenda is it time for that to come to an end well of course it would be great if we have a global challenge that we have global institutions that can cope with it given that we have rather the opposite trend in recent years that multilateralism got very much the molly bish the last reputation. of my nation 1st for a month or paulo were all of the it's not clear that it's happening what we see in europe instead it's much stronger coordination and also practical forms of

solidarity on the european union a lot of folks also understand that supranational solutions are way better than a national like how do you want to get to the other to we are actually running out of time very quickly any sparrow do you think it's time for a global response if we could i don't think it's going to happen any more i think yes we can have competition to the really mature can demonstrate it is we can do got to keep from country 3 with the money demonstrated the best control and that that's something to really make me go to do let me go to pace not just before we do run out of time peter can do more do you think a global response. absolutely if we can but like the other 2 have said we've got isolating governments and quite like a coherent national response to be perfectly honest labor would be better settled at just something coherent to the national level. i want to thank all our guests peter kingdom an already broken and he spar and thank you too for watching you can see the program again any time by visiting

a website al-jazeera dot com and for further discussion go to our facebook page at facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story and you can also join the cool conversation on twitter handle is at a.j. inside story for me and the whole team here. a

face can tell a story without uttering a single one. and knowing god can guide us. a simple time. inform us. can bend to manatee of life

witness through the lens of the human mind. is more to inspire has us. witness documentaries on al-jazeera. you know i'm fully batty boy in doha with a look at our main stories on al-jazeera present donald trump says he plans to take sudan off the u.s. list of state sponsors of terrorism but only after it pays $335000000.00 to american terror big tims and their families trumps announcement comes as he tries to encourage more countries to establish diplomatic relations with israel he morgan has more from khartoum something that.