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al-jazeera bringing the news and current affairs that matter to al-jazeera and i for me. ok. are you watching the stream today? we are focusing on child right in the united states. i know some he did a double take like that. it is an issue that ace, because since the united states, despite the us being a rich developed country, the desk that you are about to meet will explain why i know you're going to have a question. so if you're new to, you could jump into the comments section and you can be part of this discussion as well as share your questions. your thoughts with i guess i was ahead to the guest. the guests were introduced himself. the you have done a great to happy tell everybody who you are. thank you so much and she went in as

donna pollard and i am the founder of survivor's corner. that's a nonprofit that i started back in 2018 that seeks to empower and sick were survivors of various forms of trauma. well, bring an end to cycles of the b.s. and families and clued in cases of child care. and thanks for being with us. sorrow, welcome back to the stream and wind the audience to you. oh, thank you so much for having me. and my name is arthur pappas, nian, and i publicly advocate here and the united states to end the practice of child marriage. i was forced at, at 15 years old to marry a complete stranger and now i use my experience to advocate against those practices, very harmful practice that exists here in the u.s. and worldwide. and i max, welcome to the stream, tell everybody. hi, my name is max robinson, the founder and executive director of students against child marriage for the 1st union led nonprofit united states. in that we devoted to ending the american child

marriage. get a happy get. i'm going to start with a competition, a controversial unicef empty marriage campaign that made some people really upset the of

so that campaign was campaigning against child. now age and you can see the response online. it doesn't happen to white children. it doesn't happen in the developing will people. ringback was really, really surprised, so i'm getting the same response back here on twitter feed for the stream. and we, were talking about telling people about this program and then d.d.p., let me just school up here. shocking, indeed, land of the free tolerating child marriage, a vision of how entire conversation. why in america, in 2020, will there be children who have been married off this year and will be married next year, and they're under age. they can't even vote,

but they can't get married. why exactly? and unfortunately the laws in the u.s. allow child marriage to happen legally. right now in 46 states, child marriage is legal. we have made progress since 2017, and there have been 2 states have led the charge, pennsylvania and delaware, and followed by pennsylvania and minnesota. so those states out and marriage under the age of 18. but in all other $46.00 states, child marriage, it's legally allowed. and the reason is because these laws are based in all the patriarchal value that they no longer apply to our society's norms. and this is a sign, a shame that this is still continuing and 2020 and it has to change. i want to give people an example of what that must be like

a documentary series called front night. and just a couple years ago, they did a comprehensive report about child marriage in the united states and was a elsewhere around the world. and they could wave a delaware cool, cool chain. bounden. he's can story. i recall specifically a young girl who was terrified, literally scared to death to go to hardly speak. i was coming into our married, to get a marriage license. she was 14 years old. and she was applying her mother was coming in to sign to give permission for her to be married. and she was there with a male who wish 27 years old. lying to be the groom. and what i watched got surely required to do was the sense of the mother was there to sign in and give the permission. i was supposed to grant them a marriage license to perform the ceremony. as ken was talking,

i could see don't are not doing so in a nice business resonate with you. i have got a wedding, think of you and you are 60 so in the eyes of those who are as. 'd terrified little girl you, you also know what that's like, can you share some of those thoughts with us because that's how you became an advocate because us survive with us. the child? absolutely. i was 16 years old when i was married to a man that was just 18 years earning y. and at the time that we were in occurred, i was shaking and pigeon forge tennessee, which isn't very well known for a spy. there shotgun weddings occur each year, and i remember for the 1st time a after having graeme kirk, few years by this man. i actually met him when i was 14, and i was a patient at a behavioral health facility where he worked as

a mental health technician. and he used his possessions that preyed on my vulnerabilities and the fact that i was growing up. and he perpetuated those cycles then, but we were quite hurt for them to get us the marriage license with my mother's consent. but clear to anyone, look at that me. she actually asked which one is the minor without even looking at from the 2 pewter. and notice in help hold in transactional, that was, that's when i really started feeling that fear. and i realized this was going to be a very dangerous situation and that it's the walls for allowing me to get into max. i would be some of the initial thoughts of the coming from out you keep coming to us that they are surprised to see. tell us this. i'm 63 years old and have lived all over the usa and i am not familiar with this. and then i, ne, saying america the most developed country,

but still it has to help marriage. you went on a whole educational journey to become an advocate. we're what surprised you the most when you started looking into child, why did you say ok now? now i have to see if i can help stop it in america. yes, child marriage is a modern human rights abuse happening right here in america, backyard. and i 1st learned about this from a very i thought very from work that i read in the new york times. and i learned just how problematic i learned about the countless fairies and donna that are here every year being forced into abusive marriages. and i learned that if we do this because people know it exists, time marriage in the united states, the leader of the free world, it happened because the public isn't aware of it. and it happens because lawmakers, they don't think that their constituents are aware of this. it is not the result. they don't think anything is going to happen to them as elected officials,

if they don't act on that. and what that led to has been our cave laws and the legal loopholes which have allowed those transactional type court quick. and what happened to donna, which are, if they can happen every year for nothing, stopping them by raising awareness with conversations like these where i will finally quit. and then for that, i have to say this continued, and i guess you already know this, but i'm going to just share this for. well, i will always, this is the state department in the united states and they chop wood troubling issues globally. one of them is forced marriage, u.s. department of state views forced marriage as a human rights to peace. and in the case of minus a foolish child, a piece, if you are you a citizen and the victim of a fool of a sees you can't. oh, no device about what happens if he sees me well at home. they say, i'm a yeah. yeah. let me bringing, let me bring in unicef,

because unicef is working on this as a guest. and this is how unicef framed the challenge they have with chart nights in the u.s. . you know, i have called child marriage, a helpful practice and a violation of child rights, and believes that marriage under the age of 18 should be prohibited in all circumstances. yet you're in the united states, there's actually no federal law around child marriage. rather each individual state is responsible for setting their own requirements. this is why unicef usa is a member of the national coalition and child marriage working alongside and you don't partners and order to help more people have whole loopholes. are exceptions that may promote the practice at the state level. so no wonder if she saw so many of the issues about which is what happens to the survivors. and we would he have stats, we know how young people who are girls mostly

who are in child marriages. they don't strife you. website is trying to push back on not slating to surviving is one of the stories that you share, minissha. i'm going to show some pictures of you if you babies. this is you when you were married and a little girl and then your baby. so basically a baby having babies. what was the a match when you being might that young? yeah. well the biggest impact for me was on my education. at 15 years old i had a desire to die in the air force and then going to last one become a lawyer. those were my dreams at arsenal. and on the day of my wedding, when i was forced to marry a complete stranger, who had just met that very morning who was 20 years older than he took away all my

freedoms. not just my education because i wasn't allowed to go back to school or at after that point, i gave up ownership over my upper body. i gave up everything. it was simply to be abused by another human being and that just shouldn't be allowed to happen. here in the states is going to be allowed to have been anywhere . and in fact, i really shocked at some of those comments that i had seen on the twitter feed talking about how this doesn't affect weight people. well, i don't think that's the issue here. i think the real issue is that there is child abuse happening here and it's completely legal. so it's shocking to me that you know that people would say that this isn't happening to a people. i don't think it's a weight issue. i don't think it's a brown issue. i think it's a worldwide human rights abuse issue. absolutely, and if i could just jump then and you are a gesture as well,

because if you look at the data and state of kentucky, you know, here in kentucky we are a predominately white state. and since the year 2009002017, there were $10000.00 cases of child marriage that occurred. and there is no typical profile. it's not tied to a specific religion and it's not tied to a specific race. and the majority of those cases in a child and a person that once already and legally an adult, the youngest was 30, she was made to be a 3 year old male. and the way that the walls worked in kentucky prior to us receiving the legislative change in 2018. if you were under the age of 60, you can't be married if there was a pregnancy involved. and jadwin signed off on that. and we hear that we will surely a judge in their right mind, but not authorized parents with

a child. but in that case, at that 13 year old girl, that was married up to the 33 year old man, she was pregnant, a 16 year old, married off to a 52 year old, who was pregnant. i mean, these are basically archaic walls that often were jetted mines and legalized pedophile, and that's exactly what's happening. i mean there is no typical profile where ray ray, i would have to agree with you, donna. and not only that, but in the state of california to legally consent to having sex is 18 years a lot. so the act of child marriage creates a lukewarm in our statutory rape laws here in california. and there is a reason that we have statutory rape minors from child and sexual abuse. and so why are we, you know, protecting the abusers when we really should be protecting the children from this horrific, horrific form of abuse. and i'm sure that you now, you know,

in your studies have, have seen the statutory rape law circumvented in many states. oh, absolutely. child marriage in the united states is nothing short of a way of legalizing rape its way legalizing abuse. and the way to legalizing women trafficking and that's are said it's legal in $46.00 states which is just absurd and surprising. and 20 twentieth's and some of the laughable. and i also just want to go back to what starr was mentioning before about the loss of education as a survival child there. by for me, a trial marriage, that's one of the reasons why i think we've been able to see such great momentum and bring students into this fight and to wheeling, degrading our younger generation in working to combat child marriage. and it's because we're fighting for our own, you know, when i 1st learned about this issue, i was only 17. the vast majority of child marriage survivors were my age. when i learned that a long,

very privileged to identify the mounted to not be slated to be their viber child marriage, i was mobilized. i was, i was energized to fight for my own. and that's why all of the students who i've spoken to about this, do i no idea that this was happening just as though many of the viewers today were unaware of this. that's why, upon learning about it, they tell you know, they went up in arms and they joined the fight with such passion and such eagerness to end this abuse. let me just bring in as a ball hasn't aged them, shimon writes what she kind of frames. what is going on here? you've already done that beneath the families that the specific about peace being child to be had to look ahead to war. how can you see? what do we do about this? is he, she has the main reason child marriage happens in the u.s. and everywhere else that it happens is gender inequality. girls are seen as not as valuable as boys or girls. sexuality is seen as something that has to be feared and

controlled, including by forcing girls into marriage. and in terms of when child marriage will, end in the u.s., it's amazing that activists have gotten 4 states to change their minds. but that leaves $46.00 left to go, so there's a long fight ahead station and done and sorry, you've been doing this, taking it to the cool. it's because every state has different rules. so it's going to take 50 different legal battles, some of which have already been won through every state to say that child marriage should be illegal and you can only married. it's a minor when they get to the age of consent. for example, donna, can i give you this question and this is from they need the you to come, it's my passport, pos. what is the handle? what about parental consent? can there be anything done and spanish meant to parents easy so that you know

a lot about the top from kentucky? that's a very great question. and then you know, i will say that what we often consider, parental consent is most often current or coerce. and as in the case with my own mother, you know, my mother was very abusive growing that she herself had been a child bride married at the age of 32. my father here is older than she was and already had 2 sons, her previous relationship. and you know, this is something that i can trace all the way back to the are 18 working every generation on my knowledge that had been under age marriage that occurred. and so, you know, when you grow up and you for your mulai, and then you know, there skase eerie that into the abuse with me because she had suffered trauma herself when she was young and ended up abusing me and was very eager to

marry me off when i turned 16, which is how i ended up in the situation that i was so you know, parental consent itself has to be looked at in a different way. and i will say that i think at the end of the day, all of us have the same goal to end child marriage before the age of 18. and where as there have only been 4 states here in the united states that have actually set that high and bar at the age of 18, i will say that i'm hopeful by the progress that we have been making and other states to at least increase the minimum age and you know, the state of kentucky is an example we did in way with parental consent. and we require judicial approval raising the age to age 17 per fire engine initial crucial . but with the status clear criteria that the judge would have to assess before authorizing the marriage, such as the curse and that the minor is marrying,

could not be greater than cory years older than them. the minor would have to be in the judge's chambers talking about how they mess of the judge would have the opportunity to identify a coercive relationship versus united as a server. i mean a bill yet type situation. and again, i'm not advocating for children to marry at the age of 17, but what i am saying is that in my personal advocacy eyepatch reach the point where i can't let good be the enemy of perfect. and when i'm uncovering statistics, showing that 13 year old girls are being married off to men in their thirty's. then that says to me, i'm willing to at least make some progress and protect those young children and do the next best thing and make sure that, you know, children that maybe are marrying a 17 are also as best as they possibly can be. before we achieve that priority, goal of meat,

i'm going to bring well into my conversation and this is casey's research, and i'm going to get you to listen to cases one side and then just come right off the back of it. he's k.c. one thing that's always weight on me as an advocate is the way in which child marriage often leads to severe isolation from friends from community, and also often results in a girl being entirely cut off from her education. survivors i worked with will share that while eventually they have been able to leave their marriages as adults . and many have achieved a great deal. they wonder often just how much farther along they might be, how much more they might have been able to achieve if they hadn't been married as children. right, and that's exactly why i think for a bright line of 18 legislation, i just think it's so important because a new share, what they call the age of majority. you can enter into a lease agreement,

for example. you can go to a shelter. you share this in rights as an adult and fortunately, you know, by setting the bar a little bit lower than that, you're still exposing children to your arms abuse and pushed and that abuse has already started to occur. there's not much that you could do at that point. the person has been traumatized. you're now trapped in a relationship that you cannot afton see a way out. and that is so true for myself. along with many of the survivors that i've worked with, the truck. why is so severe that you often it is years of their you know, years of working to get back to where you possibly could have been to even be able to actually speak about her when you were younger. and so that's why it's so

important to protect our children under the age of 18, from this horrific form of abuse and from not being able to leave that relationship . so we took away and we need help. those who show about 3 years ago how institutional situation united states now would use and it's going in the right direction, were fewer and fewer chalk knowledge is right now because the work that you're doing and other advocates are doing you know, i wish i could say that with you know, 100 percent, you know, clearly the child marriages is lowering, but we don't know that that's true. and especially was co-written 19 and the lockdown happening across the world. it's unfortunately exact surveyed in domestic violence situations including child abuse including child marriage, and then you have here a actually and their recent report named child marriage is one of the 3 abused

against women and girls world. so unfortunately,, you know that and in the u.s., while we have 4 states that have banned child marriage, i am not sure if that has decreased the number of child marriages that are happening. i can only hope that it has, but we have seen that it has exacerbated summer and donna and max, thank you very much for talking to us about the work that you are doing to make child marriage. of course the united states, legal cause of all of the united states, rudy, priest shape your help today. and i need to coming to us as well. this conversation is going to continue on in scum. let me show you what we're doing all my computer here. child in the united states at 2030, g.m.t. studying phone wednesday will be having this conversation with and sprinkle took

about child marriage, the impact of it, and also taking that conversation internationally. and you know, a lot of you, a commenting on child might around the world as well. but for now, thanks for watching us enoch's time. the law

the law frank assessments you go on the ground in the canaries. what is the situation? there's only one doctor and one nurse for $2200.00 people and in depth analysis of the dates global headlines inside story on al-jazeera. after world war 2, france's great empire began to unravel in vietnam to most of what he was throwing themselves into the streets, bursting with joy, kissing each other. and algeria is until she laughs. if the indochinese manage to beat the french army, why not? the decline continues in episode 2 of blood in 10 french to colonize

a shot on al-jazeera fitting farewell to a football. great fans in argentina, lined the streets to pay their last respects to diego maradona. alexander roman. you're watching, i was there a life my headquarters here in doha, coming up in the next 30 minutes. donald trump says that he'll leave office if the electoral college confirms joe biden is winner of the presidential election. between advances, incumbent president has declared the winner of sunday's elections, but the opposition continues to question the legitimacy of the vote.